2 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
4 * Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG, July 1999
6 * Memory region support
7 * David Parsons <orc@pell.chi.il.us>, July-August 1999
9 * Added E820 sanitization routine (removes overlapping memory regions);
10 * Brian Moyle <bmoyle@mvista.com>, February 2001
12 * Moved CPU detection code to cpu/${cpu}.c
13 * Patrick Mochel <mochel@osdl.org>, March 2002
15 * Provisions for empty E820 memory regions (reported by certain BIOSes).
16 * Alex Achenbach <xela@slit.de>, December 2002.
21 * This file handles the architecture-dependent parts of initialization
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
26 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
27 #include <linux/screen_info.h>
28 #include <linux/ioport.h>
29 #include <linux/acpi.h>
30 #include <linux/sfi.h>
31 #include <linux/apm_bios.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
34 #include <linux/memblock.h>
35 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
36 #include <linux/console.h>
37 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
38 #include <linux/highmem.h>
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/efi.h>
41 #include <linux/init.h>
42 #include <linux/edd.h>
43 #include <linux/iscsi_ibft.h>
44 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
45 #include <linux/kexec.h>
46 #include <linux/dmi.h>
47 #include <linux/pfn.h>
48 #include <linux/pci.h>
49 #include <asm/pci-direct.h>
50 #include <linux/init_ohci1394_dma.h>
51 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
52 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
54 #include <linux/errno.h>
55 #include <linux/kernel.h>
56 #include <linux/stddef.h>
57 #include <linux/unistd.h>
58 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
59 #include <linux/user.h>
60 #include <linux/delay.h>
62 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
63 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
64 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
65 #include <linux/ctype.h>
66 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
68 #include <linux/percpu.h>
69 #include <linux/crash_dump.h>
70 #include <linux/tboot.h>
71 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
73 #include <video/edid.h>
77 #include <asm/realmode.h>
79 #include <asm/mpspec.h>
80 #include <asm/setup.h>
82 #include <asm/timer.h>
83 #include <asm/i8259.h>
84 #include <asm/sections.h>
85 #include <asm/io_apic.h>
87 #include <asm/setup_arch.h>
88 #include <asm/bios_ebda.h>
89 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
90 #include <asm/processor.h>
92 #include <asm/kasan.h>
94 #include <asm/vsyscall.h>
98 #include <asm/iommu.h>
100 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
101 #include <asm/proto.h>
103 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
104 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
105 #include <asm/olpc_ofw.h>
107 #include <asm/percpu.h>
108 #include <asm/topology.h>
109 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
110 #include <asm/amd_nb.h>
112 #include <asm/alternative.h>
113 #include <asm/prom.h>
116 * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
117 * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
119 * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
120 * represented by pfn_mapped
122 unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
123 unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
126 RESERVE_BRK(dmi_alloc, 65536);
130 static __initdata unsigned long _brk_start = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
131 unsigned long _brk_end = (unsigned long)__brk_base;
134 int default_cpu_present_to_apicid(int mps_cpu)
136 return __default_cpu_present_to_apicid(mps_cpu);
139 int default_check_phys_apicid_present(int phys_apicid)
141 return __default_check_phys_apicid_present(phys_apicid);
145 struct boot_params boot_params;
150 static struct resource data_resource = {
151 .name = "Kernel data",
154 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
157 static struct resource code_resource = {
158 .name = "Kernel code",
161 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
164 static struct resource bss_resource = {
165 .name = "Kernel bss",
168 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
173 /* cpu data as detected by the assembly code in head.S */
174 struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data = {
177 /* common cpu data for all cpus */
178 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
181 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
183 unsigned int def_to_bigsmp;
185 /* for MCA, but anyone else can use it if they want */
186 unsigned int machine_id;
187 unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
188 unsigned int BIOS_revision;
190 struct apm_info apm_info;
191 EXPORT_SYMBOL(apm_info);
193 #if defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI) || \
194 defined(CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_SMI_MODULE)
195 struct ist_info ist_info;
196 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ist_info);
198 struct ist_info ist_info;
202 struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data __read_mostly = {
203 .x86_phys_bits = MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS,
205 EXPORT_SYMBOL(boot_cpu_data);
209 #if !defined(CONFIG_X86_PAE) || defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
210 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
212 __visible unsigned long mmu_cr4_features = X86_CR4_PAE;
215 /* Boot loader ID and version as integers, for the benefit of proc_dointvec */
216 int bootloader_type, bootloader_version;
221 struct screen_info screen_info;
222 EXPORT_SYMBOL(screen_info);
223 struct edid_info edid_info;
224 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(edid_info);
226 extern int root_mountflags;
228 unsigned long saved_video_mode;
230 #define RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK 0x07FF
231 #define RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG 0x8000
232 #define RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG 0x4000
234 static char __initdata command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
235 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
236 static char __initdata builtin_cmdline[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE] = CONFIG_CMDLINE;
239 #if defined(CONFIG_EDD) || defined(CONFIG_EDD_MODULE)
241 #ifdef CONFIG_EDD_MODULE
245 * copy_edd() - Copy the BIOS EDD information
246 * from boot_params into a safe place.
249 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
251 memcpy(edd.mbr_signature, boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buffer,
252 sizeof(edd.mbr_signature));
253 memcpy(edd.edd_info, boot_params.eddbuf, sizeof(edd.edd_info));
254 edd.mbr_signature_nr = boot_params.edd_mbr_sig_buf_entries;
255 edd.edd_info_nr = boot_params.eddbuf_entries;
258 static inline void __init copy_edd(void)
263 void * __init extend_brk(size_t size, size_t align)
265 size_t mask = align - 1;
268 BUG_ON(_brk_start == 0);
269 BUG_ON(align & mask);
271 _brk_end = (_brk_end + mask) & ~mask;
272 BUG_ON((char *)(_brk_end + size) > __brk_limit);
274 ret = (void *)_brk_end;
277 memset(ret, 0, size);
283 static void __init cleanup_highmap(void)
288 static void __init reserve_brk(void)
290 if (_brk_end > _brk_start)
291 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_brk_start),
292 _brk_end - _brk_start);
294 /* Mark brk area as locked down and no longer taking any
299 u64 relocated_ramdisk;
301 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
303 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_image(void)
305 u64 ramdisk_image = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_image;
307 ramdisk_image |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_image << 32;
309 return ramdisk_image;
311 static u64 __init get_ramdisk_size(void)
313 u64 ramdisk_size = boot_params.hdr.ramdisk_size;
315 ramdisk_size |= (u64)boot_params.ext_ramdisk_size << 32;
320 #define MAX_MAP_CHUNK (NR_FIX_BTMAPS << PAGE_SHIFT)
321 static void __init relocate_initrd(void)
323 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
324 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
325 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
326 u64 area_size = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_size);
327 unsigned long slop, clen, mapaddr;
330 /* We need to move the initrd down into directly mapped mem */
331 relocated_ramdisk = memblock_find_in_range(0, PFN_PHYS(max_pfn_mapped),
332 area_size, PAGE_SIZE);
334 if (!relocated_ramdisk)
335 panic("Cannot find place for new RAMDISK of size %lld\n",
338 /* Note: this includes all the mem currently occupied by
339 the initrd, we rely on that fact to keep the data intact. */
340 memblock_reserve(relocated_ramdisk, area_size);
341 initrd_start = relocated_ramdisk + PAGE_OFFSET;
342 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
343 printk(KERN_INFO "Allocated new RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
344 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
346 q = (char *)initrd_start;
348 /* Copy the initrd */
349 while (ramdisk_size) {
350 slop = ramdisk_image & ~PAGE_MASK;
352 if (clen > MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop)
353 clen = MAX_MAP_CHUNK-slop;
354 mapaddr = ramdisk_image & PAGE_MASK;
355 p = early_memremap(mapaddr, clen+slop);
356 memcpy(q, p+slop, clen);
357 early_memunmap(p, clen+slop);
359 ramdisk_image += clen;
360 ramdisk_size -= clen;
363 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
364 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
365 printk(KERN_INFO "Move RAMDISK from [mem %#010llx-%#010llx] to"
366 " [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n",
367 ramdisk_image, ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size - 1,
368 relocated_ramdisk, relocated_ramdisk + ramdisk_size - 1);
371 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
373 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
374 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
375 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
376 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
378 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
379 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
380 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
382 memblock_reserve(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
384 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
386 /* Assume only end is not page aligned */
387 u64 ramdisk_image = get_ramdisk_image();
388 u64 ramdisk_size = get_ramdisk_size();
389 u64 ramdisk_end = PAGE_ALIGN(ramdisk_image + ramdisk_size);
392 if (!boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader ||
393 !ramdisk_image || !ramdisk_size)
394 return; /* No initrd provided by bootloader */
398 mapped_size = memblock_mem_size(max_pfn_mapped);
399 if (ramdisk_size >= (mapped_size>>1))
400 panic("initrd too large to handle, "
401 "disabling initrd (%lld needed, %lld available)\n",
402 ramdisk_size, mapped_size>>1);
404 printk(KERN_INFO "RAMDISK: [mem %#010llx-%#010llx]\n", ramdisk_image,
407 if (pfn_range_is_mapped(PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_image),
408 PFN_DOWN(ramdisk_end))) {
409 /* All are mapped, easy case */
410 initrd_start = ramdisk_image + PAGE_OFFSET;
411 initrd_end = initrd_start + ramdisk_size;
417 memblock_free(ramdisk_image, ramdisk_end - ramdisk_image);
420 static void __init early_reserve_initrd(void)
423 static void __init reserve_initrd(void)
426 #endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD */
428 static void __init parse_setup_data(void)
430 struct setup_data *data;
431 u64 pa_data, pa_next;
433 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
435 u32 data_len, data_type;
437 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
438 data_len = data->len + sizeof(struct setup_data);
439 data_type = data->type;
440 pa_next = data->next;
441 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
445 parse_e820_ext(pa_data, data_len);
451 parse_efi_setup(pa_data, data_len);
460 static void __init e820_reserve_setup_data(void)
462 struct setup_data *data;
466 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
468 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
469 e820_update_range(pa_data, sizeof(*data)+data->len,
470 E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED_KERN);
472 pa_data = data->next;
473 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
478 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
479 memcpy(&e820_saved, &e820, sizeof(struct e820map));
480 printk(KERN_INFO "extended physical RAM map:\n");
481 e820_print_map("reserve setup_data");
484 static void __init memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data(void)
486 struct setup_data *data;
489 pa_data = boot_params.hdr.setup_data;
491 data = early_memremap(pa_data, sizeof(*data));
492 memblock_reserve(pa_data, sizeof(*data) + data->len);
493 pa_data = data->next;
494 early_memunmap(data, sizeof(*data));
499 * --------- Crashkernel reservation ------------------------------
505 * Keep the crash kernel below this limit. On 32 bits earlier kernels
506 * would limit the kernel to the low 512 MiB due to mapping restrictions.
507 * On 64bit, old kexec-tools need to under 896MiB.
510 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (512 << 20)
511 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX (512 << 20)
513 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX (896UL<<20)
514 # define CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX MAXMEM
517 static void __init reserve_crashkernel_low(void)
520 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
521 unsigned long long low_base = 0, low_size = 0;
522 unsigned long total_low_mem;
523 unsigned long long base;
524 bool auto_set = false;
527 total_low_mem = memblock_mem_size(1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT));
528 /* crashkernel=Y,low */
529 ret = parse_crashkernel_low(boot_command_line, total_low_mem,
533 * two parts from lib/swiotlb.c:
534 * -swiotlb size: user-specified with swiotlb= or default.
536 * -swiotlb overflow buffer: now hardcoded to 32k. We round it
537 * to 8M for other buffers that may need to stay low too. Also
538 * make sure we allocate enough extra low memory so that we
539 * don't run out of DMA buffers for 32-bit devices.
541 low_size = max(swiotlb_size_or_default() + (8UL<<20), 256UL<<20);
544 /* passed with crashkernel=0,low ? */
549 low_base = memblock_find_in_range(low_size, (1ULL<<32),
550 low_size, alignment);
554 pr_info("crashkernel low reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
559 memblock_reserve(low_base, low_size);
560 pr_info("Reserving %ldMB of low memory at %ldMB for crashkernel (System low RAM: %ldMB)\n",
561 (unsigned long)(low_size >> 20),
562 (unsigned long)(low_base >> 20),
563 (unsigned long)(total_low_mem >> 20));
564 crashk_low_res.start = low_base;
565 crashk_low_res.end = low_base + low_size - 1;
566 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_low_res);
570 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
572 const unsigned long long alignment = 16<<20; /* 16M */
573 unsigned long long total_mem;
574 unsigned long long crash_size, crash_base;
578 total_mem = memblock_phys_mem_size();
581 ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, total_mem,
582 &crash_size, &crash_base);
583 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0) {
584 /* crashkernel=X,high */
585 ret = parse_crashkernel_high(boot_command_line, total_mem,
586 &crash_size, &crash_base);
587 if (ret != 0 || crash_size <= 0)
592 /* 0 means: find the address automatically */
593 if (crash_base <= 0) {
595 * kexec want bzImage is below CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_MAX
597 crash_base = memblock_find_in_range(alignment,
598 high ? CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_HIGH_MAX :
599 CRASH_KERNEL_ADDR_LOW_MAX,
600 crash_size, alignment);
603 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - No suitable area found.\n");
608 unsigned long long start;
610 start = memblock_find_in_range(crash_base,
611 crash_base + crash_size, crash_size, 1<<20);
612 if (start != crash_base) {
613 pr_info("crashkernel reservation failed - memory is in use.\n");
617 memblock_reserve(crash_base, crash_size);
619 printk(KERN_INFO "Reserving %ldMB of memory at %ldMB "
620 "for crashkernel (System RAM: %ldMB)\n",
621 (unsigned long)(crash_size >> 20),
622 (unsigned long)(crash_base >> 20),
623 (unsigned long)(total_mem >> 20));
625 crashk_res.start = crash_base;
626 crashk_res.end = crash_base + crash_size - 1;
627 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &crashk_res);
629 if (crash_base >= (1ULL<<32))
630 reserve_crashkernel_low();
633 static void __init reserve_crashkernel(void)
638 static struct resource standard_io_resources[] = {
639 { .name = "dma1", .start = 0x00, .end = 0x1f,
640 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
641 { .name = "pic1", .start = 0x20, .end = 0x21,
642 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
643 { .name = "timer0", .start = 0x40, .end = 0x43,
644 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
645 { .name = "timer1", .start = 0x50, .end = 0x53,
646 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
647 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x60, .end = 0x60,
648 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
649 { .name = "keyboard", .start = 0x64, .end = 0x64,
650 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
651 { .name = "dma page reg", .start = 0x80, .end = 0x8f,
652 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
653 { .name = "pic2", .start = 0xa0, .end = 0xa1,
654 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
655 { .name = "dma2", .start = 0xc0, .end = 0xdf,
656 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO },
657 { .name = "fpu", .start = 0xf0, .end = 0xff,
658 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_IO }
661 void __init reserve_standard_io_resources(void)
665 /* request I/O space for devices used on all i[345]86 PCs */
666 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(standard_io_resources); i++)
667 request_resource(&ioport_resource, &standard_io_resources[i]);
671 static __init void reserve_ibft_region(void)
673 unsigned long addr, size = 0;
675 addr = find_ibft_region(&size);
678 memblock_reserve(addr, size);
681 static bool __init snb_gfx_workaround_needed(void)
686 static const __initconst u16 snb_ids[] = {
696 /* Assume no if something weird is going on with PCI */
697 if (!early_pci_allowed())
700 vendor = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_VENDOR_ID);
701 if (vendor != 0x8086)
704 devid = read_pci_config_16(0, 2, 0, PCI_DEVICE_ID);
705 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snb_ids); i++)
706 if (devid == snb_ids[i])
714 * Sandy Bridge graphics has trouble with certain ranges, exclude
715 * them from allocation.
717 static void __init trim_snb_memory(void)
719 static const __initconst unsigned long bad_pages[] = {
728 if (!snb_gfx_workaround_needed())
731 printk(KERN_DEBUG "reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages\n");
734 * Reserve all memory below the 1 MB mark that has not
735 * already been reserved.
737 memblock_reserve(0, 1<<20);
739 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bad_pages); i++) {
740 if (memblock_reserve(bad_pages[i], PAGE_SIZE))
741 printk(KERN_WARNING "failed to reserve 0x%08lx\n",
747 * Here we put platform-specific memory range workarounds, i.e.
748 * memory known to be corrupt or otherwise in need to be reserved on
749 * specific platforms.
751 * If this gets used more widely it could use a real dispatch mechanism.
753 static void __init trim_platform_memory_ranges(void)
758 static void __init trim_bios_range(void)
761 * A special case is the first 4Kb of memory;
762 * This is a BIOS owned area, not kernel ram, but generally
763 * not listed as such in the E820 table.
765 * This typically reserves additional memory (64KiB by default)
766 * since some BIOSes are known to corrupt low memory. See the
767 * Kconfig help text for X86_RESERVE_LOW.
769 e820_update_range(0, PAGE_SIZE, E820_RAM, E820_RESERVED);
772 * special case: Some BIOSen report the PC BIOS
773 * area (640->1Mb) as ram even though it is not.
776 e820_remove_range(BIOS_BEGIN, BIOS_END - BIOS_BEGIN, E820_RAM, 1);
778 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
781 /* called before trim_bios_range() to spare extra sanitize */
782 static void __init e820_add_kernel_range(void)
784 u64 start = __pa_symbol(_text);
785 u64 size = __pa_symbol(_end) - start;
788 * Complain if .text .data and .bss are not marked as E820_RAM and
789 * attempt to fix it by adding the range. We may have a confused BIOS,
790 * or the user may have used memmap=exactmap or memmap=xxM$yyM to
791 * exclude kernel range. If we really are running on top non-RAM,
792 * we will crash later anyways.
794 if (e820_all_mapped(start, start + size, E820_RAM))
797 pr_warn(".text .data .bss are not marked as E820_RAM!\n");
798 e820_remove_range(start, size, E820_RAM, 0);
799 e820_add_region(start, size, E820_RAM);
802 static unsigned reserve_low = CONFIG_X86_RESERVE_LOW << 10;
804 static int __init parse_reservelow(char *p)
806 unsigned long long size;
811 size = memparse(p, &p);
824 early_param("reservelow", parse_reservelow);
826 static void __init trim_low_memory_range(void)
828 memblock_reserve(0, ALIGN(reserve_low, PAGE_SIZE));
832 * Dump out kernel offset information on panic.
835 dump_kernel_offset(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long v, void *p)
837 if (kaslr_enabled()) {
838 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: 0x%lx from 0x%lx (relocation range: 0x%lx-0x%lx)\n",
844 pr_emerg("Kernel Offset: disabled\n");
851 * Determine if we were loaded by an EFI loader. If so, then we have also been
852 * passed the efi memmap, systab, etc., so we should use these data structures
853 * for initialization. Note, the efi init code path is determined by the
854 * global efi_enabled. This allows the same kernel image to be used on existing
855 * systems (with a traditional BIOS) as well as on EFI systems.
858 * setup_arch - architecture-specific boot-time initializations
860 * Note: On x86_64, fixmaps are ready for use even before this is called.
863 void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
865 memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text),
866 (unsigned long)__bss_stop - (unsigned long)_text);
868 early_reserve_initrd();
871 * At this point everything still needed from the boot loader
872 * or BIOS or kernel text should be early reserved or marked not
873 * RAM in e820. All other memory is free game.
877 memcpy(&boot_cpu_data, &new_cpu_data, sizeof(new_cpu_data));
880 * copy kernel address range established so far and switch
881 * to the proper swapper page table
883 clone_pgd_range(swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
884 initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
887 load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
889 * Note: Quark X1000 CPUs advertise PGE incorrectly and require
890 * a cr3 based tlb flush, so the following __flush_tlb_all()
891 * will not flush anything because the cpu quirk which clears
892 * X86_FEATURE_PGE has not been invoked yet. Though due to the
893 * load_cr3() above the TLB has been flushed already. The
894 * quirk is invoked before subsequent calls to __flush_tlb_all()
895 * so proper operation is guaranteed.
899 printk(KERN_INFO "Command line: %s\n", boot_command_line);
903 * If we have OLPC OFW, we might end up relocating the fixmap due to
904 * reserve_top(), so do this before touching the ioremap area.
910 early_ioremap_init();
912 setup_olpc_ofw_pgd();
914 ROOT_DEV = old_decode_dev(boot_params.hdr.root_dev);
915 screen_info = boot_params.screen_info;
916 edid_info = boot_params.edid_info;
918 apm_info.bios = boot_params.apm_bios_info;
919 ist_info = boot_params.ist_info;
920 if (boot_params.sys_desc_table.length != 0) {
921 machine_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[0];
922 machine_submodel_id = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[1];
923 BIOS_revision = boot_params.sys_desc_table.table[2];
926 saved_video_mode = boot_params.hdr.vid_mode;
927 bootloader_type = boot_params.hdr.type_of_loader;
928 if ((bootloader_type >> 4) == 0xe) {
929 bootloader_type &= 0xf;
930 bootloader_type |= (boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_type+0x10) << 4;
932 bootloader_version = bootloader_type & 0xf;
933 bootloader_version |= boot_params.hdr.ext_loader_ver << 4;
935 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM
936 rd_image_start = boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_IMAGE_START_MASK;
937 rd_prompt = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_PROMPT_FLAG) != 0);
938 rd_doload = ((boot_params.hdr.ram_size & RAMDISK_LOAD_FLAG) != 0);
941 if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
942 EFI32_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
943 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
944 } else if (!strncmp((char *)&boot_params.efi_info.efi_loader_signature,
945 EFI64_LOADER_SIGNATURE, 4)) {
946 set_bit(EFI_BOOT, &efi.flags);
947 set_bit(EFI_64BIT, &efi.flags);
950 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
951 efi_memblock_x86_reserve_range();
954 x86_init.oem.arch_setup();
956 iomem_resource.end = (1ULL << boot_cpu_data.x86_phys_bits) - 1;
962 if (!boot_params.hdr.root_flags)
963 root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
964 init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
965 init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
966 init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
967 init_mm.brk = _brk_end;
969 mpx_mm_init(&init_mm);
971 code_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_text);
972 code_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_etext)-1;
973 data_resource.start = __pa_symbol(_etext);
974 data_resource.end = __pa_symbol(_edata)-1;
975 bss_resource.start = __pa_symbol(__bss_start);
976 bss_resource.end = __pa_symbol(__bss_stop)-1;
978 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
979 #ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
980 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
982 if (builtin_cmdline[0]) {
983 /* append boot loader cmdline to builtin */
984 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, " ", COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
985 strlcat(builtin_cmdline, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
986 strlcpy(boot_command_line, builtin_cmdline, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
991 strlcpy(command_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
992 *cmdline_p = command_line;
995 * x86_configure_nx() is called before parse_early_param() to detect
996 * whether hardware doesn't support NX (so that the early EHCI debug
997 * console setup can safely call set_fixmap()). It may then be called
998 * again from within noexec_setup() during parsing early parameters
999 * to honor the respective command line option.
1003 parse_early_param();
1007 /* after early param, so could get panic from serial */
1008 memblock_x86_reserve_range_setup_data();
1010 if (acpi_mps_check()) {
1011 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC
1014 setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_APIC);
1018 if (pci_early_dump_regs)
1019 early_dump_pci_devices();
1022 /* update the e820_saved too */
1023 e820_reserve_setup_data();
1024 finish_e820_parsing();
1026 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1031 dmi_set_dump_stack_arch_desc();
1034 * VMware detection requires dmi to be available, so this
1035 * needs to be done after dmi_scan_machine, for the BP.
1037 init_hypervisor_platform();
1039 x86_init.resources.probe_roms();
1041 /* after parse_early_param, so could debug it */
1042 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &code_resource);
1043 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &data_resource);
1044 insert_resource(&iomem_resource, &bss_resource);
1046 e820_add_kernel_range();
1048 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1049 if (ppro_with_ram_bug()) {
1050 e820_update_range(0x70000000ULL, 0x40000ULL, E820_RAM,
1052 sanitize_e820_map(e820.map, ARRAY_SIZE(e820.map), &e820.nr_map);
1053 printk(KERN_INFO "fixed physical RAM map:\n");
1054 e820_print_map("bad_ppro");
1057 early_gart_iommu_check();
1061 * partially used pages are not usable - thus
1062 * we are rounding upwards:
1064 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1066 /* update e820 for memory not covered by WB MTRRs */
1068 if (mtrr_trim_uncached_memory(max_pfn))
1069 max_pfn = e820_end_of_ram_pfn();
1071 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1072 /* max_low_pfn get updated here */
1073 find_low_pfn_range();
1077 /* How many end-of-memory variables you have, grandma! */
1078 /* need this before calling reserve_initrd */
1079 if (max_pfn > (1UL<<(32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
1080 max_low_pfn = e820_end_of_low_ram_pfn();
1082 max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
1084 high_memory = (void *)__va(max_pfn * PAGE_SIZE - 1) + 1;
1088 * Find and reserve possible boot-time SMP configuration:
1092 reserve_ibft_region();
1094 early_alloc_pgt_buf();
1097 * Need to conclude brk, before memblock_x86_fill()
1098 * it could use memblock_find_in_range, could overlap with
1105 memblock_set_current_limit(ISA_END_ADDRESS);
1106 memblock_x86_fill();
1109 * The EFI specification says that boot service code won't be called
1110 * after ExitBootServices(). This is, in fact, a lie.
1112 if (efi_enabled(EFI_MEMMAP))
1113 efi_reserve_boot_services();
1115 /* preallocate 4k for mptable mpc */
1116 early_reserve_e820_mpc_new();
1118 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_CHECK_BIOS_CORRUPTION
1119 setup_bios_corruption_check();
1122 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1123 printk(KERN_DEBUG "initial memory mapped: [mem 0x00000000-%#010lx]\n",
1124 (max_pfn_mapped<<PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
1127 reserve_real_mode();
1129 trim_platform_memory_ranges();
1130 trim_low_memory_range();
1134 early_trap_pf_init();
1138 memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
1141 * NOTE: On x86-32, only from this point on, fixmaps are ready for use.
1144 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT
1145 if (init_ohci1394_dma_early)
1146 init_ohci1394_dma_on_all_controllers();
1148 /* Allocate bigger log buffer */
1153 #if defined(CONFIG_ACPI) && defined(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD)
1154 acpi_initrd_override((void *)initrd_start, initrd_end - initrd_start);
1162 * Parse the ACPI tables for possible boot-time SMP configuration.
1164 acpi_boot_table_init();
1166 early_acpi_boot_init();
1169 dma_contiguous_reserve(max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT);
1172 * Reserve memory for crash kernel after SRAT is parsed so that it
1173 * won't consume hotpluggable memory.
1175 reserve_crashkernel();
1177 memblock_find_dma_reserve();
1179 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GUEST
1183 x86_init.paging.pagetable_init();
1187 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level >= 0) {
1188 /* A CPU has %cr4 if and only if it has CPUID */
1189 mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4();
1190 if (trampoline_cr4_features)
1191 *trampoline_cr4_features = mmu_cr4_features;
1194 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1195 /* sync back kernel address range */
1196 clone_pgd_range(initial_page_table + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1197 swapper_pg_dir + KERNEL_PGD_BOUNDARY,
1205 generic_apic_probe();
1210 * Read APIC and some other early information from ACPI tables.
1217 * get boot-time SMP configuration:
1219 if (smp_found_config)
1222 prefill_possible_map();
1226 init_apic_mappings();
1227 io_apic_init_mappings();
1231 e820_reserve_resources();
1232 e820_mark_nosave_regions(max_low_pfn);
1234 x86_init.resources.reserve_resources();
1239 #if defined(CONFIG_VGA_CONSOLE)
1240 if (!efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT) || (efi_mem_type(0xa0000) != EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY))
1241 conswitchp = &vga_con;
1242 #elif defined(CONFIG_DUMMY_CONSOLE)
1243 conswitchp = &dummy_con;
1246 x86_init.oem.banner();
1248 x86_init.timers.wallclock_init();
1252 arch_init_ideal_nops();
1254 register_refined_jiffies(CLOCK_TICK_RATE);
1257 if (efi_enabled(EFI_BOOT))
1258 efi_apply_memmap_quirks();
1262 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
1264 static struct resource video_ram_resource = {
1265 .name = "Video RAM area",
1268 .flags = IORESOURCE_BUSY | IORESOURCE_MEM
1271 void __init i386_reserve_resources(void)
1273 request_resource(&iomem_resource, &video_ram_resource);
1274 reserve_standard_io_resources();
1277 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
1279 static struct notifier_block kernel_offset_notifier = {
1280 .notifier_call = dump_kernel_offset
1283 static int __init register_kernel_offset_dumper(void)
1285 atomic_notifier_chain_register(&panic_notifier_list,
1286 &kernel_offset_notifier);
1289 __initcall(register_kernel_offset_dumper);