builtin/merge.c

   1 /*
   2  * Builtin "git merge"
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Miklos Vajna <vmiklos@frugalware.org>
   5  *
   6  * Based on git-merge.sh by Junio C Hamano.
   7  */
   8
   9 #include "cache.h"
  10 #include "config.h"
  11 #include "parse-options.h"
  12 #include "builtin.h"
  13 #include "lockfile.h"
  14 #include "run-command.h"
  15 #include "diff.h"
  16 #include "refs.h"
  17 #include "commit.h"
  18 #include "diffcore.h"
  19 #include "revision.h"
  20 #include "unpack-trees.h"
  21 #include "cache-tree.h"
  22 #include "dir.h"
  23 #include "utf8.h"
  24 #include "log-tree.h"
  25 #include "color.h"
  26 #include "rerere.h"
  27 #include "help.h"
  28 #include "merge-recursive.h"
  29 #include "resolve-undo.h"
  30 #include "remote.h"
  31 #include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
  32 #include "gpg-interface.h"
  33 #include "sequencer.h"
  34 #include "string-list.h"
  35 #include "packfile.h"
  36
  37 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
  38 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
  39 #define NO_FAST_FORWARD (1<<2)
  40 #define NO_TRIVIAL      (1<<3)
  41
  42 struct strategy {
  43         const char *name;
  44         unsigned attr;
  45 };
  46
  47 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
  48         N_("git merge [<options>] [<commit>...]"),
  49         N_("git merge --abort"),
  50         N_("git merge --continue"),
  51         NULL
  52 };
  53
  54 static int show_diffstat = 1, shortlog_len = -1, squash;
  55 static int option_commit = 1;
  56 static int option_edit = -1;
  57 static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message, verify_signatures;
  58 static int overwrite_ignore = 1;
  59 static struct strbuf merge_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
  60 static struct strategy **use_strategies;
  61 static size_t use_strategies_nr, use_strategies_alloc;
  62 static const char **xopts;
  63 static size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
  64 static const char *branch;
  65 static char *branch_mergeoptions;
  66 static int option_renormalize;
  67 static int verbosity;
  68 static int allow_rerere_auto;
  69 static int abort_current_merge;
  70 static int continue_current_merge;
  71 static int allow_unrelated_histories;
  72 static int show_progress = -1;
  73 static int default_to_upstream = 1;
  74 static int signoff;
  75 static const char *sign_commit;
  76 static int verify_msg = 1;
  77
  78 static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
  79         { "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  80         { "octopus",    DEFAULT_OCTOPUS },
  81         { "resolve",    0 },
  82         { "ours",       NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  83         { "subtree",    NO_FAST_FORWARD | NO_TRIVIAL },
  84 };
  85
  86 static const char *pull_twohead, *pull_octopus;
  87
  88 enum ff_type {
  89         FF_NO,
  90         FF_ALLOW,
  91         FF_ONLY
  92 };
  93
  94 static enum ff_type fast_forward = FF_ALLOW;
  95
  96 static int option_parse_message(const struct option *opt,
  97                                 const char *arg, int unset)
  98 {
  99         struct strbuf *buf = opt->value;
 100
 101         if (unset)
 102                 strbuf_setlen(buf, 0);
 103         else if (arg) {
 104                 strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s", buf->len ? "\n\n" : "", arg);
 105                 have_message = 1;
 106         } else
 107                 return error(_("switch `m' requires a value"));
 108         return 0;
 109 }
 110
 111 static struct strategy *get_strategy(const char *name)
 112 {
 113         int i;
 114         struct strategy *ret;
 115         static struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
 116         static int loaded;
 117
 118         if (!name)
 119                 return NULL;
 120
 121         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
 122                 if (!strcmp(name, all_strategy[i].name))
 123                         return &all_strategy[i];
 124
 125         if (!loaded) {
 126                 struct cmdnames not_strategies;
 127                 loaded = 1;
 128
 129                 memset(&not_strategies, 0, sizeof(struct cmdnames));
 130                 load_command_list("git-merge-", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
 131                 for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++) {
 132                         int j, found = 0;
 133                         struct cmdname *ent = main_cmds.names[i];
 134                         for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); j++)
 135                                 if (!strncmp(ent->name, all_strategy[j].name, ent->len)
 136                                                 && !all_strategy[j].name[ent->len])
 137                                         found = 1;
 138                         if (!found)
 139                                 add_cmdname(&not_strategies, ent->name, ent->len);
 140                 }
 141                 exclude_cmds(&main_cmds, &not_strategies);
 142         }
 143         if (!is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, name) && !is_in_cmdlist(&other_cmds, name)) {
 144                 fprintf(stderr, _("Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"), name);
 145                 fprintf(stderr, _("Available strategies are:"));
 146                 for (i = 0; i < main_cmds.cnt; i++)
 147                         fprintf(stderr, " %s", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
 148                 fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 149                 if (other_cmds.cnt) {
 150                         fprintf(stderr, _("Available custom strategies are:"));
 151                         for (i = 0; i < other_cmds.cnt; i++)
 152                                 fprintf(stderr, " %s", other_cmds.names[i]->name);
 153                         fprintf(stderr, ".\n");
 154                 }
 155                 exit(1);
 156         }
 157
 158         ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct strategy));
 159         ret->name = xstrdup(name);
 160         ret->attr = NO_TRIVIAL;
 161         return ret;
 162 }
 163
 164 static void append_strategy(struct strategy *s)
 165 {
 166         ALLOC_GROW(use_strategies, use_strategies_nr + 1, use_strategies_alloc);
 167         use_strategies[use_strategies_nr++] = s;
 168 }
 169
 170 static int option_parse_strategy(const struct option *opt,
 171                                  const char *name, int unset)
 172 {
 173         if (unset)
 174                 return 0;
 175
 176         append_strategy(get_strategy(name));
 177         return 0;
 178 }
 179
 180 static int option_parse_x(const struct option *opt,
 181                           const char *arg, int unset)
 182 {
 183         if (unset)
 184                 return 0;
 185
 186         ALLOC_GROW(xopts, xopts_nr + 1, xopts_alloc);
 187         xopts[xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(arg);
 188         return 0;
 189 }
 190
 191 static int option_parse_n(const struct option *opt,
 192                           const char *arg, int unset)
 193 {
 194         show_diffstat = unset;
 195         return 0;
 196 }
 197
 198 static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 199         { OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', NULL, NULL, NULL,
 200                 N_("do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
 201                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_n },
 202         OPT_BOOL(0, "stat", &show_diffstat,
 203                 N_("show a diffstat at the end of the merge")),
 204         OPT_BOOL(0, "summary", &show_diffstat, N_("(synonym to --stat)")),
 205         { OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, N_("n"),
 206           N_("add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"),
 207           PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN },
 208         OPT_BOOL(0, "squash", &squash,
 209                 N_("create a single commit instead of doing a merge")),
 210         OPT_BOOL(0, "commit", &option_commit,
 211                 N_("perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)")),
 212         OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &option_edit,
 213                 N_("edit message before committing")),
 214         OPT_SET_INT(0, "ff", &fast_forward, N_("allow fast-forward (default)"), FF_ALLOW),
 215         { OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "ff-only", &fast_forward, NULL,
 216                 N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
 217                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, FF_ONLY },
 218         OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
 219         OPT_BOOL(0, "verify-signatures", &verify_signatures,
 220                 N_("verify that the named commit has a valid GPG signature")),
 221         OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, N_("strategy"),
 222                 N_("merge strategy to use"), option_parse_strategy),
 223         OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, N_("option=value"),
 224                 N_("option for selected merge strategy"), option_parse_x),
 225         OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, N_("message"),
 226                 N_("merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"),
 227                 option_parse_message),
 228         OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 229         OPT_BOOL(0, "abort", &abort_current_merge,
 230                 N_("abort the current in-progress merge")),
 231         OPT_BOOL(0, "continue", &continue_current_merge,
 232                 N_("continue the current in-progress merge")),
 233         OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-unrelated-histories", &allow_unrelated_histories,
 234                  N_("allow merging unrelated histories")),
 235         OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("force progress reporting"), 1),
 236         { OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key-id"),
 237           N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
 238         OPT_BOOL(0, "overwrite-ignore", &overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
 239         OPT_BOOL(0, "signoff", &signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
 240         OPT_BOOL(0, "verify", &verify_msg, N_("verify commit-msg hook")),
 241         OPT_END()
 242 };
 243
 244 /* Cleans up metadata that is uninteresting after a succeeded merge. */
 245 static void drop_save(void)
 246 {
 247         unlink(git_path_merge_head());
 248         unlink(git_path_merge_msg());
 249         unlink(git_path_merge_mode());
 250 }
 251
 252 static int save_state(struct object_id *stash)
 253 {
 254         int len;
 255         struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 256         struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 257         const char *argv[] = {"stash", "create", NULL};
 258         int rc = -1;
 259
 260         cp.argv = argv;
 261         cp.out = -1;
 262         cp.git_cmd = 1;
 263
 264         if (start_command(&cp))
 265                 die(_("could not run stash."));
 266         len = strbuf_read(&buffer, cp.out, 1024);
 267         close(cp.out);
 268
 269         if (finish_command(&cp) || len < 0)
 270                 die(_("stash failed"));
 271         else if (!len)          /* no changes */
 272                 goto out;
 273         strbuf_setlen(&buffer, buffer.len-1);
 274         if (get_oid(buffer.buf, stash))
 275                 die(_("not a valid object: %s"), buffer.buf);
 276         rc = 0;
 277 out:
 278         strbuf_release(&buffer);
 279         return rc;
 280 }
 281
 282 static void read_empty(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 283 {
 284         int i = 0;
 285         const char *args[7];
 286
 287         args[i++] = "read-tree";
 288         if (verbose)
 289                 args[i++] = "-v";
 290         args[i++] = "-m";
 291         args[i++] = "-u";
 292         args[i++] = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
 293         args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 294         args[i] = NULL;
 295
 296         if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 297                 die(_("read-tree failed"));
 298 }
 299
 300 static void reset_hard(unsigned const char *sha1, int verbose)
 301 {
 302         int i = 0;
 303         const char *args[6];
 304
 305         args[i++] = "read-tree";
 306         if (verbose)
 307                 args[i++] = "-v";
 308         args[i++] = "--reset";
 309         args[i++] = "-u";
 310         args[i++] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
 311         args[i] = NULL;
 312
 313         if (run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD))
 314                 die(_("read-tree failed"));
 315 }
 316
 317 static void restore_state(const struct object_id *head,
 318                           const struct object_id *stash)
 319 {
 320         struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 321         const char *args[] = { "stash", "apply", NULL, NULL };
 322
 323         if (is_null_oid(stash))
 324                 return;
 325
 326         reset_hard(head->hash, 1);
 327
 328         args[2] = oid_to_hex(stash);
 329
 330         /*
 331          * It is OK to ignore error here, for example when there was
 332          * nothing to restore.
 333          */
 334         run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 335
 336         strbuf_release(&sb);
 337         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 338 }
 339
 340 /* This is called when no merge was necessary. */
 341 static void finish_up_to_date(const char *msg)
 342 {
 343         if (verbosity >= 0)
 344                 printf("%s%s\n", squash ? _(" (nothing to squash)") : "", msg);
 345         drop_save();
 346 }
 347
 348 static void squash_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 349 {
 350         struct rev_info rev;
 351         struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 352         struct commit_list *j;
 353         struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 354
 355         printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 356
 357         init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 358         rev.ignore_merges = 1;
 359         rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM;
 360
 361         commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 362         add_pending_object(&rev, &commit->object, NULL);
 363
 364         for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
 365                 add_pending_object(&rev, &j->item->object, NULL);
 366
 367         setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 368         if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
 369                 die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 370
 371         ctx.abbrev = rev.abbrev;
 372         ctx.date_mode = rev.date_mode;
 373         ctx.fmt = rev.commit_format;
 374
 375         strbuf_addstr(&out, "Squashed commit of the following:\n");
 376         while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
 377                 strbuf_addch(&out, '\n');
 378                 strbuf_addf(&out, "commit %s\n",
 379                         oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
 380                 pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &out);
 381         }
 382         write_file_buf(git_path_squash_msg(), out.buf, out.len);
 383         strbuf_release(&out);
 384 }
 385
 386 static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
 387                    struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 388                    const struct object_id *new_head, const char *msg)
 389 {
 390         struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
 391         const struct object_id *head = &head_commit->object.oid;
 392
 393         if (!msg)
 394                 strbuf_addstr(&reflog_message, getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"));
 395         else {
 396                 if (verbosity >= 0)
 397                         printf("%s\n", msg);
 398                 strbuf_addf(&reflog_message, "%s: %s",
 399                         getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"), msg);
 400         }
 401         if (squash) {
 402                 squash_message(head_commit, remoteheads);
 403         } else {
 404                 if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
 405                         printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
 406                 else {
 407                         const char *argv_gc_auto[] = { "gc", "--auto", NULL };
 408                         update_ref(reflog_message.buf, "HEAD", new_head, head,
 409                                    0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
 410                         /*
 411                          * We ignore errors in 'gc --auto', since the
 412                          * user should see them.
 413                          */
 414                         close_all_packs();
 415                         run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
 416                 }
 417         }
 418         if (new_head && show_diffstat) {
 419                 struct diff_options opts;
 420                 diff_setup(&opts);
 421                 opts.stat_width = -1; /* use full terminal width */
 422                 opts.stat_graph_width = -1; /* respect statGraphWidth config */
 423                 opts.output_format |=
 424                         DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
 425                 opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 426                 diff_setup_done(&opts);
 427                 diff_tree_oid(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 428                 diffcore_std(&opts);
 429                 diff_flush(&opts);
 430         }
 431
 432         /* Run a post-merge hook */
 433         run_hook_le(NULL, "post-merge", squash ? "1" : "0", NULL);
 434
 435         strbuf_release(&reflog_message);
 436 }
 437
 438 /* Get the name for the merge commit's message. */
 439 static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 440 {
 441         struct commit *remote_head;
 442         struct object_id branch_head;
 443         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 444         struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 445         const char *ptr;
 446         char *found_ref;
 447         int len, early;
 448
 449         strbuf_branchname(&bname, remote, 0);
 450         remote = bname.buf;
 451
 452         oidclr(&branch_head);
 453         remote_head = get_merge_parent(remote);
 454         if (!remote_head)
 455                 die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 456
 457         if (dwim_ref(remote, strlen(remote), &branch_head, &found_ref) > 0) {
 458                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
 459                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tbranch '%s' of .\n",
 460                                     oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 461                         goto cleanup;
 462                 }
 463                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/tags/")) {
 464                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\ttag '%s' of .\n",
 465                                     oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 466                         goto cleanup;
 467                 }
 468                 if (starts_with(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
 469                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote-tracking branch '%s' of .\n",
 470                                     oid_to_hex(&branch_head), remote);
 471                         goto cleanup;
 472                 }
 473         }
 474
 475         /* See if remote matches <name>^^^.. or <name>~<number> */
 476         for (len = 0, ptr = remote + strlen(remote);
 477              remote < ptr && ptr[-1] == '^';
 478              ptr--)
 479                 len++;
 480         if (len)
 481                 early = 1;
 482         else {
 483                 early = 0;
 484                 ptr = strrchr(remote, '~');
 485                 if (ptr) {
 486                         int seen_nonzero = 0;
 487
 488                         len++; /* count ~ */
 489                         while (*++ptr && isdigit(*ptr)) {
 490                                 seen_nonzero |= (*ptr != '0');
 491                                 len++;
 492                         }
 493                         if (*ptr)
 494                                 len = 0; /* not ...~<number> */
 495                         else if (seen_nonzero)
 496                                 early = 1;
 497                         else if (len == 1)
 498                                 early = 1; /* "name~" is "name~1"! */
 499                 }
 500         }
 501         if (len) {
 502                 struct strbuf truname = STRBUF_INIT;
 503                 strbuf_addf(&truname, "refs/heads/%s", remote);
 504                 strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
 505                 if (ref_exists(truname.buf)) {
 506                         strbuf_addf(msg,
 507                                     "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
 508                                     oid_to_hex(&remote_head->object.oid),
 509                                     truname.buf + 11,
 510                                     (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
 511                         strbuf_release(&truname);
 512                         goto cleanup;
 513                 }
 514                 strbuf_release(&truname);
 515         }
 516
 517         if (remote_head->util) {
 518                 struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
 519                 desc = merge_remote_util(remote_head);
 520                 if (desc && desc->obj && desc->obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
 521                         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\t%s '%s'\n",
 522                                     oid_to_hex(&desc->obj->oid),
 523                                     typename(desc->obj->type),
 524                                     remote);
 525                         goto cleanup;
 526                 }
 527         }
 528
 529         strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
 530                 oid_to_hex(&remote_head->object.oid), remote);
 531 cleanup:
 532         strbuf_release(&buf);
 533         strbuf_release(&bname);
 534 }
 535
 536 static void parse_branch_merge_options(char *bmo)
 537 {
 538         const char **argv;
 539         int argc;
 540
 541         if (!bmo)
 542                 return;
 543         argc = split_cmdline(bmo, &argv);
 544         if (argc < 0)
 545                 die(_("Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"), branch,
 546                     split_cmdline_strerror(argc));
 547         REALLOC_ARRAY(argv, argc + 2);
 548         MOVE_ARRAY(argv + 1, argv, argc + 1);
 549         argc++;
 550         argv[0] = "branch.*.mergeoptions";
 551         parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, builtin_merge_options,
 552                       builtin_merge_usage, 0);
 553         free(argv);
 554 }
 555
 556 static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 557 {
 558         int status;
 559
 560         if (branch && starts_with(k, "branch.") &&
 561                 starts_with(k + 7, branch) &&
 562                 !strcmp(k + 7 + strlen(branch), ".mergeoptions")) {
 563                 free(branch_mergeoptions);
 564                 branch_mergeoptions = xstrdup(v);
 565                 return 0;
 566         }
 567
 568         if (!strcmp(k, "merge.diffstat") || !strcmp(k, "merge.stat"))
 569                 show_diffstat = git_config_bool(k, v);
 570         else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.twohead"))
 571                 return git_config_string(&pull_twohead, k, v);
 572         else if (!strcmp(k, "pull.octopus"))
 573                 return git_config_string(&pull_octopus, k, v);
 574         else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.renormalize"))
 575                 option_renormalize = git_config_bool(k, v);
 576         else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.ff")) {
 577                 int boolval = git_parse_maybe_bool(v);
 578                 if (0 <= boolval) {
 579                         fast_forward = boolval ? FF_ALLOW : FF_NO;
 580                 } else if (v && !strcmp(v, "only")) {
 581                         fast_forward = FF_ONLY;
 582                 } /* do not barf on values from future versions of git */
 583                 return 0;
 584         } else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.defaulttoupstream")) {
 585                 default_to_upstream = git_config_bool(k, v);
 586                 return 0;
 587         } else if (!strcmp(k, "commit.gpgsign")) {
 588                 sign_commit = git_config_bool(k, v) ? "" : NULL;
 589                 return 0;
 590         }
 591
 592         status = fmt_merge_msg_config(k, v, cb);
 593         if (status)
 594                 return status;
 595         status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
 596         if (status)
 597                 return status;
 598         return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 599 }
 600
 601 static int read_tree_trivial(struct object_id *common, struct object_id *head,
 602                              struct object_id *one)
 603 {
 604         int i, nr_trees = 0;
 605         struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 606         struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
 607         struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 608
 609         memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 610         opts.head_idx = 2;
 611         opts.src_index = &the_index;
 612         opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 613         opts.update = 1;
 614         opts.verbose_update = 1;
 615         opts.trivial_merges_only = 1;
 616         opts.merge = 1;
 617         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(common);
 618         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 619                 return -1;
 620         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
 621         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 622                 return -1;
 623         trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(one);
 624         if (!trees[nr_trees++])
 625                 return -1;
 626         opts.fn = threeway_merge;
 627         cache_tree_free(&active_cache_tree);
 628         for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
 629                 parse_tree(trees[i]);
 630                 init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
 631         }
 632         if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
 633                 return -1;
 634         return 0;
 635 }
 636
 637 static void write_tree_trivial(struct object_id *oid)
 638 {
 639         if (write_cache_as_tree(oid->hash, 0, NULL))
 640                 die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 641 }
 642
 643 static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
 644                               struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 645                               struct commit *head)
 646 {
 647         static struct lock_file lock;
 648         const char *head_arg = "HEAD";
 649
 650         hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 651         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 652         if (active_cache_changed &&
 653             write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 654                 return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 655         rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 656
 657         if (!strcmp(strategy, "recursive") || !strcmp(strategy, "subtree")) {
 658                 int clean, x;
 659                 struct commit *result;
 660                 struct commit_list *reversed = NULL;
 661                 struct merge_options o;
 662                 struct commit_list *j;
 663
 664                 if (remoteheads->next) {
 665                         error(_("Not handling anything other than two heads merge."));
 666                         return 2;
 667                 }
 668
 669                 init_merge_options(&o);
 670                 if (!strcmp(strategy, "subtree"))
 671                         o.subtree_shift = "";
 672
 673                 o.renormalize = option_renormalize;
 674                 o.show_rename_progress =
 675                         show_progress == -1 ? isatty(2) : show_progress;
 676
 677                 for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
 678                         if (parse_merge_opt(&o, xopts[x]))
 679                                 die(_("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"), xopts[x]);
 680
 681                 o.branch1 = head_arg;
 682                 o.branch2 = merge_remote_util(remoteheads->item)->name;
 683
 684                 for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
 685                         commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
 686
 687                 hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 688                 clean = merge_recursive(&o, head,
 689                                 remoteheads->item, reversed, &result);
 690                 if (clean < 0)
 691                         exit(128);
 692                 if (active_cache_changed &&
 693                     write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 694                         die (_("unable to write %s"), get_index_file());
 695                 rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 696                 return clean ? 0 : 1;
 697         } else {
 698                 return try_merge_command(strategy, xopts_nr, xopts,
 699                                                 common, head_arg, remoteheads);
 700         }
 701 }
 702
 703 static void count_diff_files(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 704                              struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
 705 {
 706         int *count = data;
 707
 708         (*count) += q->nr;
 709 }
 710
 711 static int count_unmerged_entries(void)
 712 {
 713         int i, ret = 0;
 714
 715         for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++)
 716                 if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]))
 717                         ret++;
 718
 719         return ret;
 720 }
 721
 722 static void add_strategies(const char *string, unsigned attr)
 723 {
 724         int i;
 725
 726         if (string) {
 727                 struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 728                 struct string_list_item *item;
 729                 string_list_split(&list, string, ' ', -1);
 730                 for_each_string_list_item(item, &list)
 731                         append_strategy(get_strategy(item->string));
 732                 string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 733                 return;
 734         }
 735         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(all_strategy); i++)
 736                 if (all_strategy[i].attr & attr)
 737                         append_strategy(&all_strategy[i]);
 738
 739 }
 740
 741 static void read_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 742 {
 743         const char *filename = git_path_merge_msg();
 744         strbuf_reset(msg);
 745         if (strbuf_read_file(msg, filename, 0) < 0)
 746                 die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), filename);
 747 }
 748
 749 static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *);
 750 static void abort_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads, const char *err_msg)
 751 {
 752         if (err_msg)
 753                 error("%s", err_msg);
 754         fprintf(stderr,
 755                 _("Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"));
 756         write_merge_state(remoteheads);
 757         exit(1);
 758 }
 759
 760 static const char merge_editor_comment[] =
 761 N_("Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
 762    "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
 763    "\n"
 764    "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
 765    "the commit.\n");
 766
 767 static void write_merge_heads(struct commit_list *);
 768 static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 769 {
 770         struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 771         strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &merge_msg);
 772         strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
 773         if (squash)
 774                 BUG("the control must not reach here under --squash");
 775         if (0 < option_edit)
 776                 strbuf_commented_addf(&msg, _(merge_editor_comment), comment_line_char);
 777         if (signoff)
 778                 append_signoff(&msg, ignore_non_trailer(msg.buf, msg.len), 0);
 779         write_merge_heads(remoteheads);
 780         write_file_buf(git_path_merge_msg(), msg.buf, msg.len);
 781         if (run_commit_hook(0 < option_edit, get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
 782                             git_path_merge_msg(), "merge", NULL))
 783                 abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 784         if (0 < option_edit) {
 785                 if (launch_editor(git_path_merge_msg(), NULL, NULL))
 786                         abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 787         }
 788
 789         if (verify_msg && run_commit_hook(0 < option_edit, get_index_file(),
 790                                           "commit-msg",
 791                                           git_path_merge_msg(), NULL))
 792                 abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 793
 794         read_merge_msg(&msg);
 795         strbuf_stripspace(&msg, 0 < option_edit);
 796         if (!msg.len)
 797                 abort_commit(remoteheads, _("Empty commit message."));
 798         strbuf_release(&merge_msg);
 799         strbuf_addbuf(&merge_msg, &msg);
 800         strbuf_release(&msg);
 801 }
 802
 803 static int merge_trivial(struct commit *head, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 804 {
 805         struct object_id result_tree, result_commit;
 806         struct commit_list *parents, **pptr = &parents;
 807         static struct lock_file lock;
 808
 809         hold_locked_index(&lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 810         refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 811         if (active_cache_changed &&
 812             write_locked_index(&the_index, &lock, COMMIT_LOCK))
 813                 return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 814         rollback_lock_file(&lock);
 815
 816         write_tree_trivial(&result_tree);
 817         printf(_("Wonderful.\n"));
 818         pptr = commit_list_append(head, pptr);
 819         pptr = commit_list_append(remoteheads->item, pptr);
 820         prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
 821         if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree.hash, parents,
 822                         result_commit.hash, NULL, sign_commit))
 823                 die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 824         finish(head, remoteheads, &result_commit, "In-index merge");
 825         drop_save();
 826         return 0;
 827 }
 828
 829 static int finish_automerge(struct commit *head,
 830                             int head_subsumed,
 831                             struct commit_list *common,
 832                             struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 833                             struct object_id *result_tree,
 834                             const char *wt_strategy)
 835 {
 836         struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 837         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 838         struct object_id result_commit;
 839
 840         free_commit_list(common);
 841         parents = remoteheads;
 842         if (!head_subsumed || fast_forward == FF_NO)
 843                 commit_list_insert(head, &parents);
 844         strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 845         prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
 846         if (commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len, result_tree->hash, parents,
 847                         result_commit.hash, NULL, sign_commit))
 848                 die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 849         strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by the '%s' strategy.", wt_strategy);
 850         finish(head, remoteheads, &result_commit, buf.buf);
 851         strbuf_release(&buf);
 852         drop_save();
 853         return 0;
 854 }
 855
 856 static int suggest_conflicts(void)
 857 {
 858         const char *filename;
 859         FILE *fp;
 860         struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 861
 862         filename = git_path_merge_msg();
 863         fp = xfopen(filename, "a");
 864
 865         append_conflicts_hint(&msgbuf);
 866         fputs(msgbuf.buf, fp);
 867         strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
 868         fclose(fp);
 869         rerere(allow_rerere_auto);
 870         printf(_("Automatic merge failed; "
 871                         "fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"));
 872         return 1;
 873 }
 874
 875 static int evaluate_result(void)
 876 {
 877         int cnt = 0;
 878         struct rev_info rev;
 879
 880         /* Check how many files differ. */
 881         init_revisions(&rev, "");
 882         setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 883         rev.diffopt.output_format |=
 884                 DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 885         rev.diffopt.format_callback = count_diff_files;
 886         rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = &cnt;
 887         run_diff_files(&rev, 0);
 888
 889         /*
 890          * Check how many unmerged entries are
 891          * there.
 892          */
 893         cnt += count_unmerged_entries();
 894
 895         return cnt;
 896 }
 897
 898 /*
 899  * Pretend as if the user told us to merge with the remote-tracking
 900  * branch we have for the upstream of the current branch
 901  */
 902 static int setup_with_upstream(const char ***argv)
 903 {
 904         struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
 905         int i;
 906         const char **args;
 907
 908         if (!branch)
 909                 die(_("No current branch."));
 910         if (!branch->remote_name)
 911                 die(_("No remote for the current branch."));
 912         if (!branch->merge_nr)
 913                 die(_("No default upstream defined for the current branch."));
 914
 915         args = xcalloc(st_add(branch->merge_nr, 1), sizeof(char *));
 916         for (i = 0; i < branch->merge_nr; i++) {
 917                 if (!branch->merge[i]->dst)
 918                         die(_("No remote-tracking branch for %s from %s"),
 919                             branch->merge[i]->src, branch->remote_name);
 920                 args[i] = branch->merge[i]->dst;
 921         }
 922         args[i] = NULL;
 923         *argv = args;
 924         return i;
 925 }
 926
 927 static void write_merge_heads(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 928 {
 929         struct commit_list *j;
 930         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 931
 932         for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
 933                 struct object_id *oid;
 934                 struct commit *c = j->item;
 935                 if (c->util && merge_remote_util(c)->obj) {
 936                         oid = &merge_remote_util(c)->obj->oid;
 937                 } else {
 938                         oid = &c->object.oid;
 939                 }
 940                 strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", oid_to_hex(oid));
 941         }
 942         write_file_buf(git_path_merge_head(), buf.buf, buf.len);
 943
 944         strbuf_reset(&buf);
 945         if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
 946                 strbuf_addstr(&buf, "no-ff");
 947         write_file_buf(git_path_merge_mode(), buf.buf, buf.len);
 948         strbuf_release(&buf);
 949 }
 950
 951 static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 952 {
 953         write_merge_heads(remoteheads);
 954         strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 955         write_file_buf(git_path_merge_msg(), merge_msg.buf, merge_msg.len);
 956 }
 957
 958 static int default_edit_option(void)
 959 {
 960         static const char name[] = "GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT";
 961         const char *e = getenv(name);
 962         struct stat st_stdin, st_stdout;
 963
 964         if (have_message)
 965                 /* an explicit -m msg without --[no-]edit */
 966                 return 0;
 967
 968         if (e) {
 969                 int v = git_parse_maybe_bool(e);
 970                 if (v < 0)
 971                         die(_("Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'"), e, name);
 972                 return v;
 973         }
 974
 975         /* Use editor if stdin and stdout are the same and is a tty */
 976         return (!fstat(0, &st_stdin) &&
 977                 !fstat(1, &st_stdout) &&
 978                 isatty(0) && isatty(1) &&
 979                 st_stdin.st_dev == st_stdout.st_dev &&
 980                 st_stdin.st_ino == st_stdout.st_ino &&
 981                 st_stdin.st_mode == st_stdout.st_mode);
 982 }
 983
 984 static struct commit_list *reduce_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
 985                                           int *head_subsumed,
 986                                           struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 987 {
 988         struct commit_list *parents, **remotes;
 989
 990         /*
 991          * Is the current HEAD reachable from another commit being
 992          * merged?  If so we do not want to record it as a parent of
 993          * the resulting merge, unless --no-ff is given.  We will flip
 994          * this variable to 0 when we find HEAD among the independent
 995          * tips being merged.
 996          */
 997         *head_subsumed = 1;
 998
 999         /* Find what parents to record by checking independent ones. */
1000         parents = reduce_heads(remoteheads);
1001         free_commit_list(remoteheads);
1002
1003         remoteheads = NULL;
1004         remotes = &remoteheads;
1005         while (parents) {
1006                 struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&parents);
1007                 if (commit == head_commit)
1008                         *head_subsumed = 0;
1009                 else
1010                         remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1011         }
1012         return remoteheads;
1013 }
1014
1015 static void prepare_merge_message(struct strbuf *merge_names, struct strbuf *merge_msg)
1016 {
1017         struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
1018
1019         memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
1020         opts.add_title = !have_message;
1021         opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
1022         opts.credit_people = (0 < option_edit);
1023
1024         fmt_merge_msg(merge_names, merge_msg, &opts);
1025         if (merge_msg->len)
1026                 strbuf_setlen(merge_msg, merge_msg->len - 1);
1027 }
1028
1029 static void handle_fetch_head(struct commit_list **remotes, struct strbuf *merge_names)
1030 {
1031         const char *filename;
1032         int fd, pos, npos;
1033         struct strbuf fetch_head_file = STRBUF_INIT;
1034
1035         if (!merge_names)
1036                 merge_names = &fetch_head_file;
1037
1038         filename = git_path_fetch_head();
1039         fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
1040         if (fd < 0)
1041                 die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"), filename);
1042
1043         if (strbuf_read(merge_names, fd, 0) < 0)
1044                 die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), filename);
1045         if (close(fd) < 0)
1046                 die_errno(_("could not close '%s'"), filename);
1047
1048         for (pos = 0; pos < merge_names->len; pos = npos) {
1049                 struct object_id oid;
1050                 char *ptr;
1051                 struct commit *commit;
1052
1053                 ptr = strchr(merge_names->buf + pos, '\n');
1054                 if (ptr)
1055                         npos = ptr - merge_names->buf + 1;
1056                 else
1057                         npos = merge_names->len;
1058
1059                 if (npos - pos < GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 2 ||
1060                     get_oid_hex(merge_names->buf + pos, &oid))
1061                         commit = NULL; /* bad */
1062                 else if (memcmp(merge_names->buf + pos + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ, "\t\t", 2))
1063                         continue; /* not-for-merge */
1064                 else {
1065                         char saved = merge_names->buf[pos + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ];
1066                         merge_names->buf[pos + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] = '\0';
1067                         commit = get_merge_parent(merge_names->buf + pos);
1068                         merge_names->buf[pos + GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ] = saved;
1069                 }
1070                 if (!commit) {
1071                         if (ptr)
1072                                 *ptr = '\0';
1073                         die(_("not something we can merge in %s: %s"),
1074                             filename, merge_names->buf + pos);
1075                 }
1076                 remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1077         }
1078
1079         if (merge_names == &fetch_head_file)
1080                 strbuf_release(&fetch_head_file);
1081 }
1082
1083 static struct commit_list *collect_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
1084                                            int *head_subsumed,
1085                                            int argc, const char **argv,
1086                                            struct strbuf *merge_msg)
1087 {
1088         int i;
1089         struct commit_list *remoteheads = NULL;
1090         struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
1091         struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT, *autogen = NULL;
1092
1093         if (merge_msg && (!have_message || shortlog_len))
1094                 autogen = &merge_names;
1095
1096         if (head_commit)
1097                 remotes = &commit_list_insert(head_commit, remotes)->next;
1098
1099         if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "FETCH_HEAD")) {
1100                 handle_fetch_head(remotes, autogen);
1101                 remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
1102         } else {
1103                 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1104                         struct commit *commit = get_merge_parent(argv[i]);
1105                         if (!commit)
1106                                 help_unknown_ref(argv[i], "merge",
1107                                                  _("not something we can merge"));
1108                         remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
1109                 }
1110                 remoteheads = reduce_parents(head_commit, head_subsumed, remoteheads);
1111                 if (autogen) {
1112                         struct commit_list *p;
1113                         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
1114                                 merge_name(merge_remote_util(p->item)->name, autogen);
1115                 }
1116         }
1117
1118         if (autogen) {
1119                 prepare_merge_message(autogen, merge_msg);
1120                 strbuf_release(autogen);
1121         }
1122
1123         return remoteheads;
1124 }
1125
1126 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
1127 {
1128         struct object_id result_tree, stash, head_oid;
1129         struct commit *head_commit;
1130         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1131         int i, ret = 0, head_subsumed;
1132         int best_cnt = -1, merge_was_ok = 0, automerge_was_ok = 0;
1133         struct commit_list *common = NULL;
1134         const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
1135         struct commit_list *remoteheads, *p;
1136         void *branch_to_free;
1137         int orig_argc = argc;
1138
1139         if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
1140                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
1141
1142         /*
1143          * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
1144          * current branch.
1145          */
1146         branch = branch_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", 0, &head_oid, NULL);
1147         if (branch)
1148                 skip_prefix(branch, "refs/heads/", &branch);
1149         if (!branch || is_null_oid(&head_oid))
1150                 head_commit = NULL;
1151         else
1152                 head_commit = lookup_commit_or_die(&head_oid, "HEAD");
1153
1154         init_diff_ui_defaults();
1155         git_config(git_merge_config, NULL);
1156
1157         if (branch_mergeoptions)
1158                 parse_branch_merge_options(branch_mergeoptions);
1159         argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
1160                         builtin_merge_usage, 0);
1161         if (shortlog_len < 0)
1162                 shortlog_len = (merge_log_config > 0) ? merge_log_config : 0;
1163
1164         if (verbosity < 0 && show_progress == -1)
1165                 show_progress = 0;
1166
1167         if (abort_current_merge) {
1168                 int nargc = 2;
1169                 const char *nargv[] = {"reset", "--merge", NULL};
1170
1171                 if (orig_argc != 2)
1172                         usage_msg_opt(_("--abort expects no arguments"),
1173                               builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
1174
1175                 if (!file_exists(git_path_merge_head()))
1176                         die(_("There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
1177
1178                 /* Invoke 'git reset --merge' */
1179                 ret = cmd_reset(nargc, nargv, prefix);
1180                 goto done;
1181         }
1182
1183         if (continue_current_merge) {
1184                 int nargc = 1;
1185                 const char *nargv[] = {"commit", NULL};
1186
1187                 if (orig_argc != 2)
1188                         usage_msg_opt(_("--continue expects no arguments"),
1189                               builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
1190
1191                 if (!file_exists(git_path_merge_head()))
1192                         die(_("There is no merge in progress (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
1193
1194                 /* Invoke 'git commit' */
1195                 ret = cmd_commit(nargc, nargv, prefix);
1196                 goto done;
1197         }
1198
1199         if (read_cache_unmerged())
1200                 die_resolve_conflict("merge");
1201
1202         if (file_exists(git_path_merge_head())) {
1203                 /*
1204                  * There is no unmerged entry, don't advise 'git
1205                  * add/rm <file>', just 'git commit'.
1206                  */
1207                 if (advice_resolve_conflict)
1208                         die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
1209                                   "Please, commit your changes before you merge."));
1210                 else
1211                         die(_("You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."));
1212         }
1213         if (file_exists(git_path_cherry_pick_head())) {
1214                 if (advice_resolve_conflict)
1215                         die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
1216                             "Please, commit your changes before you merge."));
1217                 else
1218                         die(_("You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."));
1219         }
1220         resolve_undo_clear();
1221
1222         if (verbosity < 0)
1223                 show_diffstat = 0;
1224
1225         if (squash) {
1226                 if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
1227                         die(_("You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."));
1228                 option_commit = 0;
1229         }
1230
1231         if (!argc) {
1232                 if (default_to_upstream)
1233                         argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
1234                 else
1235                         die(_("No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."));
1236         } else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-")) {
1237                 argv[0] = "@{-1}";
1238         }
1239
1240         if (!argc)
1241                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
1242                         builtin_merge_options);
1243
1244         if (!head_commit) {
1245                 /*
1246                  * If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason
1247                  * to forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.
1248                  * We do the same for "git pull".
1249                  */
1250                 struct object_id *remote_head_oid;
1251                 if (squash)
1252                         die(_("Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"));
1253                 if (fast_forward == FF_NO)
1254                         die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
1255                             "an empty head"));
1256                 remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
1257                                               argc, argv, NULL);
1258                 if (!remoteheads)
1259                         die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
1260                 if (remoteheads->next)
1261                         die(_("Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"));
1262                 remote_head_oid = &remoteheads->item->object.oid;
1263                 read_empty(remote_head_oid->hash, 0);
1264                 update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head_oid, NULL, 0,
1265                            UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
1266                 goto done;
1267         }
1268
1269         /*
1270          * All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
1271          * the standard merge summary message to be appended
1272          * to the given message.
1273          */
1274         remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed,
1275                                       argc, argv, &merge_msg);
1276
1277         if (!head_commit || !argc)
1278                 usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage,
1279                         builtin_merge_options);
1280
1281         if (verify_signatures) {
1282                 for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
1283                         struct commit *commit = p->item;
1284                         char hex[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
1285                         struct signature_check signature_check;
1286                         memset(&signature_check, 0, sizeof(signature_check));
1287
1288                         check_commit_signature(commit, &signature_check);
1289
1290                         find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, commit->object.oid.hash, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
1291                         switch (signature_check.result) {
1292                         case 'G':
1293                                 break;
1294                         case 'U':
1295                                 die(_("Commit %s has an untrusted GPG signature, "
1296                                       "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
1297                         case 'B':
1298                                 die(_("Commit %s has a bad GPG signature "
1299                                       "allegedly by %s."), hex, signature_check.signer);
1300                         default: /* 'N' */
1301                                 die(_("Commit %s does not have a GPG signature."), hex);
1302                         }
1303                         if (verbosity >= 0 && signature_check.result == 'G')
1304                                 printf(_("Commit %s has a good GPG signature by %s\n"),
1305                                        hex, signature_check.signer);
1306
1307                         signature_check_clear(&signature_check);
1308                 }
1309         }
1310
1311         strbuf_addstr(&buf, "merge");
1312         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
1313                 strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", merge_remote_util(p->item)->name);
1314         setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", buf.buf, 0);
1315         strbuf_reset(&buf);
1316
1317         for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
1318                 struct commit *commit = p->item;
1319                 strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s",
1320                             oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
1321                 setenv(buf.buf, merge_remote_util(commit)->name, 1);
1322                 strbuf_reset(&buf);
1323                 if (fast_forward != FF_ONLY &&
1324                     merge_remote_util(commit) &&
1325                     merge_remote_util(commit)->obj &&
1326                     merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
1327                         fast_forward = FF_NO;
1328         }
1329
1330         if (option_edit < 0)
1331                 option_edit = default_edit_option();
1332
1333         if (!use_strategies) {
1334                 if (!remoteheads)
1335                         ; /* already up-to-date */
1336                 else if (!remoteheads->next)
1337                         add_strategies(pull_twohead, DEFAULT_TWOHEAD);
1338                 else
1339                         add_strategies(pull_octopus, DEFAULT_OCTOPUS);
1340         }
1341
1342         for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
1343                 if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_FAST_FORWARD)
1344                         fast_forward = FF_NO;
1345                 if (use_strategies[i]->attr & NO_TRIVIAL)
1346                         allow_trivial = 0;
1347         }
1348
1349         if (!remoteheads)
1350                 ; /* already up-to-date */
1351         else if (!remoteheads->next)
1352                 common = get_merge_bases(head_commit, remoteheads->item);
1353         else {
1354                 struct commit_list *list = remoteheads;
1355                 commit_list_insert(head_commit, &list);
1356                 common = get_octopus_merge_bases(list);
1357                 free(list);
1358         }
1359
1360         update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD",
1361                    &head_commit->object.oid, NULL, 0, UPDATE_REFS_DIE_ON_ERR);
1362
1363         if (remoteheads && !common) {
1364                 /* No common ancestors found. */
1365                 if (!allow_unrelated_histories)
1366                         die(_("refusing to merge unrelated histories"));
1367                 /* otherwise, we need a real merge. */
1368         } else if (!remoteheads ||
1369                  (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
1370                   common->item == remoteheads->item)) {
1371                 /*
1372                  * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
1373                  * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
1374                  */
1375                 finish_up_to_date(_("Already up to date."));
1376                 goto done;
1377         } else if (fast_forward != FF_NO && !remoteheads->next &&
1378                         !common->next &&
1379                         !oidcmp(&common->item->object.oid, &head_commit->object.oid)) {
1380                 /* Again the most common case of merging one remote. */
1381                 struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
1382                 struct commit *commit;
1383
1384                 if (verbosity >= 0) {
1385                         printf(_("Updating %s..%s\n"),
1386                                find_unique_abbrev(head_commit->object.oid.hash,
1387                                                   DEFAULT_ABBREV),
1388                                find_unique_abbrev(remoteheads->item->object.oid.hash,
1389                                                   DEFAULT_ABBREV));
1390                 }
1391                 strbuf_addstr(&msg, "Fast-forward");
1392                 if (have_message)
1393                         strbuf_addstr(&msg,
1394                                 " (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
1395                 commit = remoteheads->item;
1396                 if (!commit) {
1397                         ret = 1;
1398                         goto done;
1399                 }
1400
1401                 if (checkout_fast_forward(&head_commit->object.oid,
1402                                           &commit->object.oid,
1403                                           overwrite_ignore)) {
1404                         ret = 1;
1405                         goto done;
1406                 }
1407
1408                 finish(head_commit, remoteheads, &commit->object.oid, msg.buf);
1409                 drop_save();
1410                 goto done;
1411         } else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
1412                 ;
1413                 /*
1414                  * We are not doing octopus and not fast-forward.  Need
1415                  * a real merge.
1416                  */
1417         else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next && option_commit) {
1418                 /*
1419                  * We are not doing octopus, not fast-forward, and have
1420                  * only one common.
1421                  */
1422                 refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
1423                 if (allow_trivial && fast_forward != FF_ONLY) {
1424                         /* See if it is really trivial. */
1425                         git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
1426                         printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
1427                         if (!read_tree_trivial(&common->item->object.oid,
1428                                                &head_commit->object.oid,
1429                                                &remoteheads->item->object.oid)) {
1430                                 ret = merge_trivial(head_commit, remoteheads);
1431                                 goto done;
1432                         }
1433                         printf(_("Nope.\n"));
1434                 }
1435         } else {
1436                 /*
1437                  * An octopus.  If we can reach all the remote we are up
1438                  * to date.
1439                  */
1440                 int up_to_date = 1;
1441                 struct commit_list *j;
1442
1443                 for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
1444                         struct commit_list *common_one;
1445
1446                         /*
1447                          * Here we *have* to calculate the individual
1448                          * merge_bases again, otherwise "git merge HEAD^
1449                          * HEAD^^" would be missed.
1450                          */
1451                         common_one = get_merge_bases(head_commit, j->item);
1452                         if (oidcmp(&common_one->item->object.oid, &j->item->object.oid)) {
1453                                 up_to_date = 0;
1454                                 break;
1455                         }
1456                 }
1457                 if (up_to_date) {
1458                         finish_up_to_date(_("Already up to date. Yeeah!"));
1459                         goto done;
1460                 }
1461         }
1462
1463         if (fast_forward == FF_ONLY)
1464                 die(_("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."));
1465
1466         /* We are going to make a new commit. */
1467         git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
1468
1469         /*
1470          * At this point, we need a real merge.  No matter what strategy
1471          * we use, it would operate on the index, possibly affecting the
1472          * working tree, and when resolved cleanly, have the desired
1473          * tree in the index -- this means that the index must be in
1474          * sync with the head commit.  The strategies are responsible
1475          * to ensure this.
1476          */
1477         if (use_strategies_nr == 1 ||
1478             /*
1479              * Stash away the local changes so that we can try more than one.
1480              */
1481             save_state(&stash))
1482                 oidclr(&stash);
1483
1484         for (i = 0; i < use_strategies_nr; i++) {
1485                 int ret;
1486                 if (i) {
1487                         printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
1488                         restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
1489                 }
1490                 if (use_strategies_nr != 1)
1491                         printf(_("Trying merge strategy %s...\n"),
1492                                 use_strategies[i]->name);
1493                 /*
1494                  * Remember which strategy left the state in the working
1495                  * tree.
1496                  */
1497                 wt_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
1498
1499                 ret = try_merge_strategy(use_strategies[i]->name,
1500                                          common, remoteheads,
1501                                          head_commit);
1502                 if (!option_commit && !ret) {
1503                         merge_was_ok = 1;
1504                         /*
1505                          * This is necessary here just to avoid writing
1506                          * the tree, but later we will *not* exit with
1507                          * status code 1 because merge_was_ok is set.
1508                          */
1509                         ret = 1;
1510                 }
1511
1512                 if (ret) {
1513                         /*
1514                          * The backend exits with 1 when conflicts are
1515                          * left to be resolved, with 2 when it does not
1516                          * handle the given merge at all.
1517                          */
1518                         if (ret == 1) {
1519                                 int cnt = evaluate_result();
1520
1521                                 if (best_cnt <= 0 || cnt <= best_cnt) {
1522                                         best_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
1523                                         best_cnt = cnt;
1524                                 }
1525                         }
1526                         if (merge_was_ok)
1527                                 break;
1528                         else
1529                                 continue;
1530                 }
1531
1532                 /* Automerge succeeded. */
1533                 write_tree_trivial(&result_tree);
1534                 automerge_was_ok = 1;
1535                 break;
1536         }
1537
1538         /*
1539          * If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
1540          * auto resolved the merge cleanly.
1541          */
1542         if (automerge_was_ok) {
1543                 ret = finish_automerge(head_commit, head_subsumed,
1544                                        common, remoteheads,
1545                                        &result_tree, wt_strategy);
1546                 goto done;
1547         }
1548
1549         /*
1550          * Pick the result from the best strategy and have the user fix
1551          * it up.
1552          */
1553         if (!best_strategy) {
1554                 restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
1555                 if (use_strategies_nr > 1)
1556                         fprintf(stderr,
1557                                 _("No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"));
1558                 else
1559                         fprintf(stderr, _("Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"),
1560                                 use_strategies[0]->name);
1561                 ret = 2;
1562                 goto done;
1563         } else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
1564                 ; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
1565         else {
1566                 printf(_("Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"));
1567                 restore_state(&head_commit->object.oid, &stash);
1568                 printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
1569                         best_strategy);
1570                 try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, remoteheads,
1571                                    head_commit);
1572         }
1573
1574         if (squash)
1575                 finish(head_commit, remoteheads, NULL, NULL);
1576         else
1577                 write_merge_state(remoteheads);
1578
1579         if (merge_was_ok)
1580                 fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic merge went well; "
1581                         "stopped before committing as requested\n"));
1582         else
1583                 ret = suggest_conflicts();
1584
1585 done:
1586         free(branch_to_free);
1587         return ret;
1588 }