2 * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
19 import android.os.Parcelable;
20 import android.os.Parcel;
21 import android.system.ErrnoException;
22 import android.system.Os;
23 import android.system.OsConstants;
25 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
26 import java.io.IOException;
27 import java.net.DatagramSocket;
28 import java.net.InetAddress;
29 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
30 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
31 import java.net.Socket;
32 import java.net.SocketAddress;
33 import java.net.SocketException;
34 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
36 import java.net.URLConnection;
37 import javax.net.SocketFactory;
39 import com.android.okhttp.ConnectionPool;
40 import com.android.okhttp.HttpHandler;
41 import com.android.okhttp.HttpsHandler;
42 import com.android.okhttp.OkHttpClient;
43 import com.android.okhttp.OkUrlFactory;
44 import com.android.okhttp.internal.Internal;
47 * Identifies a {@code Network}. This is supplied to applications via
48 * {@link ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback} in response to the active
49 * {@link ConnectivityManager#requestNetwork} or passive
50 * {@link ConnectivityManager#registerNetworkCallback} calls.
51 * It is used to direct traffic to the given {@code Network}, either on a {@link Socket} basis
52 * through a targeted {@link SocketFactory} or process-wide via
53 * {@link ConnectivityManager#bindProcessToNetwork}.
55 public class Network implements Parcelable {
60 public final int netId;
62 // Objects used to perform per-network operations such as getSocketFactory
63 // and openConnection, and a lock to protect access to them.
64 private volatile NetworkBoundSocketFactory mNetworkBoundSocketFactory = null;
65 // mLock should be used to control write access to mConnectionPool and mNetwork.
66 // maybeInitHttpClient() must be called prior to reading either variable.
67 private volatile ConnectionPool mConnectionPool = null;
68 private volatile com.android.okhttp.internal.Network mNetwork = null;
69 private final Object mLock = new Object();
71 // Default connection pool values. These are evaluated at startup, just
72 // like the OkHttp code. Also like the OkHttp code, we will throw parse
73 // exceptions at class loading time if the properties are set but are not
75 private static final boolean httpKeepAlive =
76 Boolean.parseBoolean(System.getProperty("http.keepAlive", "true"));
77 private static final int httpMaxConnections =
78 httpKeepAlive ? Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("http.maxConnections", "5")) : 0;
79 private static final long httpKeepAliveDurationMs =
80 Long.parseLong(System.getProperty("http.keepAliveDuration", "300000")); // 5 minutes.
85 public Network(int netId) {
92 public Network(Network that) {
93 this.netId = that.netId;
97 * Operates the same as {@code InetAddress.getAllByName} except that host
98 * resolution is done on this network.
100 * @param host the hostname or literal IP string to be resolved.
101 * @return the array of addresses associated with the specified host.
102 * @throws UnknownHostException if the address lookup fails.
104 public InetAddress[] getAllByName(String host) throws UnknownHostException {
105 return InetAddress.getAllByNameOnNet(host, netId);
109 * Operates the same as {@code InetAddress.getByName} except that host
110 * resolution is done on this network.
113 * the hostName to be resolved to an address or {@code null}.
114 * @return the {@code InetAddress} instance representing the host.
115 * @throws UnknownHostException
116 * if the address lookup fails.
118 public InetAddress getByName(String host) throws UnknownHostException {
119 return InetAddress.getByNameOnNet(host, netId);
123 * A {@code SocketFactory} that produces {@code Socket}'s bound to this network.
125 private class NetworkBoundSocketFactory extends SocketFactory {
126 private final int mNetId;
128 public NetworkBoundSocketFactory(int netId) {
133 private Socket connectToHost(String host, int port, SocketAddress localAddress)
135 // Lookup addresses only on this Network.
136 InetAddress[] hostAddresses = getAllByName(host);
137 // Try all addresses.
138 for (int i = 0; i < hostAddresses.length; i++) {
140 Socket socket = createSocket();
141 if (localAddress != null) socket.bind(localAddress);
142 socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(hostAddresses[i], port));
144 } catch (IOException e) {
145 if (i == (hostAddresses.length - 1)) throw e;
148 throw new UnknownHostException(host);
152 public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress localHost, int localPort) throws IOException {
153 return connectToHost(host, port, new InetSocketAddress(localHost, localPort));
157 public Socket createSocket(InetAddress address, int port, InetAddress localAddress,
158 int localPort) throws IOException {
159 Socket socket = createSocket();
160 socket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(localAddress, localPort));
161 socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(address, port));
166 public Socket createSocket(InetAddress host, int port) throws IOException {
167 Socket socket = createSocket();
168 socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host, port));
173 public Socket createSocket(String host, int port) throws IOException {
174 return connectToHost(host, port, null);
178 public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
179 Socket socket = new Socket();
186 * Returns a {@link SocketFactory} bound to this network. Any {@link Socket} created by
187 * this factory will have its traffic sent over this {@code Network}. Note that if this
188 * {@code Network} ever disconnects, this factory and any {@link Socket} it produced in the
189 * past or future will cease to work.
191 * @return a {@link SocketFactory} which produces {@link Socket} instances bound to this
194 public SocketFactory getSocketFactory() {
195 if (mNetworkBoundSocketFactory == null) {
196 synchronized (mLock) {
197 if (mNetworkBoundSocketFactory == null) {
198 mNetworkBoundSocketFactory = new NetworkBoundSocketFactory(netId);
202 return mNetworkBoundSocketFactory;
205 // TODO: This creates a connection pool and host resolver for
206 // every Network object, instead of one for every NetId. This is
207 // suboptimal, because an app could potentially have more than one
208 // Network object for the same NetId, causing increased memory footprint
209 // and performance penalties due to lack of connection reuse (connection
210 // setup time, congestion window growth time, etc.).
212 // Instead, investigate only having one connection pool and host resolver
213 // for every NetId, perhaps by using a static HashMap of NetIds to
214 // connection pools and host resolvers. The tricky part is deciding when
215 // to remove a map entry; a WeakHashMap shouldn't be used because whether
216 // a Network is referenced doesn't correlate with whether a new Network
217 // will be instantiated in the near future with the same NetID. A good
218 // solution would involve purging empty (or when all connections are timed
219 // out) ConnectionPools.
220 private void maybeInitHttpClient() {
221 synchronized (mLock) {
222 if (mNetwork == null) {
223 mNetwork = new com.android.okhttp.internal.Network() {
225 public InetAddress[] resolveInetAddresses(String host) throws UnknownHostException {
226 return Network.this.getAllByName(host);
230 if (mConnectionPool == null) {
231 mConnectionPool = new ConnectionPool(httpMaxConnections,
232 httpKeepAliveDurationMs);
238 * Opens the specified {@link URL} on this {@code Network}, such that all traffic will be sent
239 * on this Network. The URL protocol must be {@code HTTP} or {@code HTTPS}.
241 * @return a {@code URLConnection} to the resource referred to by this URL.
242 * @throws MalformedURLException if the URL protocol is not HTTP or HTTPS.
243 * @throws IOException if an error occurs while opening the connection.
244 * @see java.net.URL#openConnection()
246 public URLConnection openConnection(URL url) throws IOException {
247 final ConnectivityManager cm = ConnectivityManager.getInstanceOrNull();
249 throw new IOException("No ConnectivityManager yet constructed, please construct one");
251 // TODO: Should this be optimized to avoid fetching the global proxy for every request?
252 final ProxyInfo proxyInfo = cm.getProxyForNetwork(this);
253 java.net.Proxy proxy = null;
254 if (proxyInfo != null) {
255 proxy = proxyInfo.makeProxy();
257 proxy = java.net.Proxy.NO_PROXY;
259 return openConnection(url, proxy);
263 * Opens the specified {@link URL} on this {@code Network}, such that all traffic will be sent
264 * on this Network. The URL protocol must be {@code HTTP} or {@code HTTPS}.
266 * @param proxy the proxy through which the connection will be established.
267 * @return a {@code URLConnection} to the resource referred to by this URL.
268 * @throws MalformedURLException if the URL protocol is not HTTP or HTTPS.
269 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the argument proxy is null.
270 * @throws IOException if an error occurs while opening the connection.
271 * @see java.net.URL#openConnection()
273 public URLConnection openConnection(URL url, java.net.Proxy proxy) throws IOException {
274 if (proxy == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("proxy is null");
275 maybeInitHttpClient();
276 String protocol = url.getProtocol();
277 OkUrlFactory okUrlFactory;
278 // TODO: HttpHandler creates OkUrlFactory instances that share the default ResponseCache.
279 // Could this cause unexpected behavior?
280 if (protocol.equals("http")) {
281 okUrlFactory = HttpHandler.createHttpOkUrlFactory(proxy);
282 } else if (protocol.equals("https")) {
283 okUrlFactory = HttpsHandler.createHttpsOkUrlFactory(proxy);
285 // OkHttp only supports HTTP and HTTPS and returns a null URLStreamHandler if
286 // passed another protocol.
287 throw new MalformedURLException("Invalid URL or unrecognized protocol " + protocol);
289 OkHttpClient client = okUrlFactory.client();
290 client.setSocketFactory(getSocketFactory()).setConnectionPool(mConnectionPool);
292 // Use internal APIs to change the Network.
293 Internal.instance.setNetwork(client, mNetwork);
295 return okUrlFactory.open(url);
299 * Binds the specified {@link DatagramSocket} to this {@code Network}. All data traffic on the
300 * socket will be sent on this {@code Network}, irrespective of any process-wide network binding
301 * set by {@link ConnectivityManager#bindProcessToNetwork}. The socket must not be
304 public void bindSocket(DatagramSocket socket) throws IOException {
305 // Query a property of the underlying socket to ensure that the socket's file descriptor
306 // exists, is available to bind to a network and is not closed.
307 socket.getReuseAddress();
308 bindSocket(socket.getFileDescriptor$());
312 * Binds the specified {@link Socket} to this {@code Network}. All data traffic on the socket
313 * will be sent on this {@code Network}, irrespective of any process-wide network binding set by
314 * {@link ConnectivityManager#bindProcessToNetwork}. The socket must not be connected.
316 public void bindSocket(Socket socket) throws IOException {
317 // Query a property of the underlying socket to ensure that the socket's file descriptor
318 // exists, is available to bind to a network and is not closed.
319 socket.getReuseAddress();
320 bindSocket(socket.getFileDescriptor$());
324 * Binds the specified {@link FileDescriptor} to this {@code Network}. All data traffic on the
325 * socket represented by this file descriptor will be sent on this {@code Network},
326 * irrespective of any process-wide network binding set by
327 * {@link ConnectivityManager#bindProcessToNetwork}. The socket must not be connected.
329 public void bindSocket(FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
331 final SocketAddress peer = Os.getpeername(fd);
332 final InetAddress inetPeer = ((InetSocketAddress) peer).getAddress();
333 if (!inetPeer.isAnyLocalAddress()) {
334 // Apparently, the kernel doesn't update a connected UDP socket's
335 // routing upon mark changes.
336 throw new SocketException("Socket is connected");
338 } catch (ErrnoException e) {
339 // getpeername() failed.
340 if (e.errno != OsConstants.ENOTCONN) {
341 throw e.rethrowAsSocketException();
343 } catch (ClassCastException e) {
344 // Wasn't an InetSocketAddress.
345 throw new SocketException("Only AF_INET/AF_INET6 sockets supported");
348 final int err = NetworkUtils.bindSocketToNetwork(fd.getInt$(), netId);
350 // bindSocketToNetwork returns negative errno.
351 throw new ErrnoException("Binding socket to network " + netId, -err)
352 .rethrowAsSocketException();
357 * Returns a handle representing this {@code Network}, for use with the NDK API.
359 public long getNetworkHandle() {
360 // The network handle is explicitly not the same as the netId.
362 // The netId is an implementation detail which might be changed in the
363 // future, or which alone (i.e. in the absence of some additional
364 // context) might not be sufficient to fully identify a Network.
366 // As such, the intention is to prevent accidental misuse of the API
367 // that might result if a developer assumed that handles and netIds
368 // were identical and passing a netId to a call expecting a handle
369 // "just worked". Such accidental misuse, if widely deployed, might
370 // prevent future changes to the semantics of the netId field or
371 // inhibit the expansion of state required for Network objects.
373 // This extra layer of indirection might be seen as paranoia, and might
374 // never end up being necessary, but the added complexity is trivial.
375 // At some future date it may be desirable to realign the handle with
376 // Multiple Provisioning Domains API recommendations, as made by the
377 // IETF mif working group.
379 // The HANDLE_MAGIC value MUST be kept in sync with the corresponding
380 // value in the native/android/net.c NDK implementation.
382 return 0L; // make this zero condition obvious for debugging
384 final long HANDLE_MAGIC = 0xfacade;
385 return (((long) netId) << 32) | HANDLE_MAGIC;
388 // implement the Parcelable interface
389 public int describeContents() {
392 public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
393 dest.writeInt(netId);
396 public static final Creator<Network> CREATOR =
397 new Creator<Network>() {
398 public Network createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
399 int netId = in.readInt();
401 return new Network(netId);
404 public Network[] newArray(int size) {
405 return new Network[size];
410 public boolean equals(Object obj) {
411 if (obj instanceof Network == false) return false;
412 Network other = (Network)obj;
413 return this.netId == other.netId;
417 public int hashCode() {
422 public String toString() {
423 return Integer.toString(netId);