1 .\" $NetBSD: rcmd.3,v 1.9 1996/05/28 02:07:39 mrg Exp $
3 .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993
4 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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14 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
15 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
16 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
17 .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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22 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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26 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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29 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 .\" @(#)rcmd.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
36 .\" Contributed as Linux man page by David A. Holland, 970908
37 .\" I have not checked whether the Linux situation is exactly the same.
39 .\" 2007-12-08, mtk, Converted from mdoc to man macros
42 .\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
43 .\" Translated Mon Mar 1 1999 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
45 .\"WORD: standard name (¥Û¥¹¥È¤Î) ɸ½à̾
46 .\"WORD: regular file Ä̾ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
48 .TH RCMD 3 2007-12-28 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
50 .\"O rcmd, rresvport, iruserok, ruserok \- routines for returning a
51 .\"O stream to a remote command
53 rcmd, rresvport, iruserok, ruserok \- ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤òÊÖ¤¹´Ø¿ô·²
57 .B #include <netdb.h> \ \ \fP/* Or <unistd.h> on some systems */
59 .BI "int rcmd(char **" ahost ", int " inport ", const char *" locuser ", "
60 .BI " const char *" remuser ", const char *" cmd ", int *" fd2p );
62 .BI "int rresvport(int *" port );
64 .BI "int iruserok(uint32_t " raddr ", int " superuser ", "
65 .BI " const char *" ruser ", const char *" luser );
67 .BI "int ruserok(const char *" rhost ", int " superuser ", "
68 .BI " const char *" ruser ", const char *" luser );
72 .\"O Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
73 .\"O .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
74 glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
75 .RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
87 .\"O function is used by the superuser to execute a command on
88 .\"O a remote machine using an authentication scheme based
89 .\"O on privileged port numbers.
91 ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Ç¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
92 ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¤È¤Æø¢¥Ý¡¼¥ÈÈÖ¹æ¤ò¤â¤È¤Ë¤·¤¿Ç§¾Ú¥¹¥¡¼¥à¤¬
97 .\"O returns a descriptor to a socket
98 .\"O with an address in the privileged port space.
100 ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢Æø¢¥Ý¡¼¥È¶õ´Ö¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò»ý¤Ä¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Î
101 ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
106 .\"O functions are used by servers
107 .\"O to authenticate clients requesting service with
114 ¤Ç¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Í×µá¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¥¯¥é¥¤¥¢¥ó¥È¤Îǧ¾Ú¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤¿¤á¤Ë
115 ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¡¼¤¬ÍѤ¤¤ë´Ø¿ô¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
116 .\"O All four functions are present in the same file and are used
119 .\"O server (among others).
120 °Ê¾å¤Î 4 ¤Ä¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¤¹¤Ù¤ÆƱ¤¸¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ëµ½Ò¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
122 ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¡¼¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ (¾¤Î´Ø¿ô¤È¤È¤â¤Ë) ÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
127 .\"O looks up the host
130 .\"O .BR gethostbyname (3),
131 .\"O returning \-1 if the host does not exist.
134 .\"O is set to the standard name of the host
135 .\"O and a connection is established to a server
136 .\"O residing at the well-known Internet port
140 .BR gethostbyname (3)
143 ¤Î»²¾È¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£¥Û¥¹¥È¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
146 ¤Ë¥Û¥¹¥È¤Îɸ½à̾ (standard name) ¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¡¢
147 ͽÌ󤵤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¥Ý¡¼¥È
149 ·Ðͳ¤Ç¥µ¡¼¥Ð¡¼¤Ø¤ÎÀܳ¤ò³ÎΩ¤¹¤ë¡£
151 .\"O If the connection succeeds,
152 .\"O a socket in the Internet domain of type
154 .\"O is returned to the caller, and given to the remote
159 Àܳ¤ËÀ®¸ù¤·¤¿¤é¡¢¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë¥¿¥¤¥×
161 ¤Î¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤â¤È¤ËÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
162 ¤³¤Î¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÁê¼ê¦¤Ï¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î
169 .\"O is nonzero, then an auxiliary channel to a control
170 .\"O process will be set up, and a descriptor for it will be placed
174 ¤¬¥¼¥í¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢À©¸æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ø¤ÎÀܳ¤¬¤â¤¦°ì¤ÄÍÑ°Õ¤µ¤ì¡¢
175 ¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤¬
178 .\"O The control process will return diagnostic
179 .\"O output from the command (unit 2) on this channel, and will also
180 .\"O accept bytes on this channel as being UNIX signal numbers, to be
181 .\"O forwarded to the process group of the command.
182 À©¸æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤«¤é¤Îɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎÏ (unit 2) ¤ò
183 ¤³¤Î¥Á¥ã¥ó¥Í¥ë¤ËÊÖ¤¹¡£
184 ¤Þ¤¿À©¸æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¤³¤ÎÀܳ¤«¤é¼õ¤±¼è¤Ã¤¿¥Ð¥¤¥È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò
185 UNIX ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ÎÈÖ¹æ¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤¤¡¢¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹
186 ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ø¤È¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¤ë¡£
191 .\"O (unit 2 of the remote
192 .\"O command) will be made the same as the
195 .\"O provision is made for sending arbitrary signals to the remote process,
196 .\"O although you may be able to get its attention by using out-of-band data.
200 (¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î unit 2) ¤Ï
202 ¤È°ì½ï¤Ë¤Þ¤È¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¡£¤Þ¤¿¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ø
203 Ǥ°Õ¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
204 ¤¿¤À¤·ÂÓ°è³° (out-of-band) ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÍѤ¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢
205 ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÃí°Õ¤ò°ú¤¯¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
207 .\"O The protocol is described in detail in
214 .\"O .BR rresvport ()
215 .\"O function is used to obtain a socket with a privileged
216 .\"O address bound to it.
217 .\"O This socket is suitable for use by
219 .\"O and several other functions.
220 .\"O Privileged Internet ports are those in the range 0 to 1023.
221 .\"O Only the superuser is allowed to bind an address of this sort to a socket.
223 ´Ø¿ô¤ÏÆø¢¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ë¥Ð¥¤¥ó¥É¤µ¤ì¤¿¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤ò¼èÆÀ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
226 ¤Ê¤É¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ç¤ÎÍøÍѤËŬ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ÎÆø¢¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ï¡¢
227 0 ¤«¤é 1023 ¤ÎÈϰϤǤ¢¤ë¡£¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤À¤±¤¬¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò
228 ¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ë¥Ð¥¤¥ó¥É¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
234 .\"O functions take a remote host's IP address or name, respectively,
235 .\"O two usernames and a flag indicating whether the local user's
236 .\"O name is that of the superuser.
240 ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¤Þ¤º°Ê²¼¤Î°ú¿ô¤ò¼è¤ë: ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Û¥¹¥È
244 ¤Ï¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤Ç»ØÄê)¡¢ 2 ¤Ä¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼Ì¾¡¢¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î̾Á°¤¬
245 ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤ò¼¨¤¹¥Õ¥é¥°¡¢¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
246 .\"O Then, if the user is
248 .\"O the superuser, it checks the
249 .\"O .IR /etc/hosts.equiv
251 .\"O If that lookup is not done, or is unsuccessful, the
253 .\"O in the local user's home directory is checked to see if the request for
254 .\"O service is allowed.
255 ¤â¤·¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬\fB¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤\fP¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï
257 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤¹¤ë¡£¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢
258 ÆâÍƤΥÁ¥§¥Ã¥¯¤Ë¼ºÇÔ¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
259 ¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë
261 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤·¤Æ¡¢¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Í׵᤬µö²Ä¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«Ä´¤Ù¤ë¡£
263 .\"O If this file does not exist, is not a regular file, is owned by anyone
264 .\"O other than the user or the superuser, or is writable by anyone other
265 .\"O than the owner, the check automatically fails.
266 .\"O Zero is returned if the machine name is listed in the
268 .\"O file, or the host and remote username are found in the
275 .\"O If the local domain (as obtained from
276 .\"O .BR gethostname (2))
277 .\"O is the same as the remote domain, only the machine name need be specified.
278 ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢
279 Ä̾ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë (regular file) ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢
280 »ØÄê¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼°Ê³°¤Î½êͤÀ¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢
281 ½êͼ԰ʳ°¤«¤é½ñ¤¹þ¤ß²Äǽ¤À¤Ã¤¿¤ê¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
282 ¤³¤Î¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤Ï¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¡£
285 ¤Ë¥ê¥¹¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤ê¡¢
286 ¥Û¥¹¥È¤È¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î̾Á°¤¬
288 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï 0 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
294 .RB ( gethostname (2)
295 ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¼èÆÀ¤µ¤ì¤ë) ¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤¬¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¤Î¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤ÈƱ¤¸¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
296 ¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Î̾Á°¤À¤±¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¡£
298 .\"O If the IP address of the remote host is known,
300 .\"O should be used in preference to
302 .\"O as it does not require trusting the DNS server for the remote host's domain.
303 ¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Û¥¹¥È¤Î IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬¤ï¤«¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
306 .BR iruserok () ¤òÍѤ¤¤ëÊý¤¬Îɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦¡£
308 ¤Ï¥ê¥â¡¼¥È¥Û¥¹¥È¤Î½ê°¤¹¤ë¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤Î DNS ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¡¼¤¬¿®Íê¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤â
309 »ÈÍѤǤ¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
310 .\"O .SH RETURN VALUE
315 .\"O returns a valid socket descriptor on success.
316 .\"O It returns \-1 on error and prints a diagnostic message on the standard error.
318 ´Ø¿ô¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È͸ú¤Ê¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
319 ¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢É¸½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤ˿ÇÃÇ¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò
323 .\"O .BR rresvport ()
325 .\"O returns a valid, bound socket descriptor on success.
326 .\"O It returns \-1 on error with the global value
328 .\"O set according to the reason for failure.
331 .\"O is overloaded to mean "All network ports in use."
333 ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È¥Ð¥¤¥ó¥É¤µ¤ì¤¿Í¸ú¤Ê¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
334 ¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢¥°¥í¡¼¥Ð¥ëÊÑ¿ô
336 ¤ò¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¸¶°ø¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ëÃͤ˥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¡£
339 ¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡Ö¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬»ÈÍÑÃæ¡×
341 .\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
343 .\"O Not in POSIX.1-2001.
344 .\"O Present on the BSDs, Solaris, and many other systems.
346 .\"O functions appeared in
348 POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
349 BSD ·Ï¡¢Solaris ¤ä¾¤Î¿¤¯¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£
350 ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï 4.2BSD ¤ÇÅо줷¤¿¡£
354 .\"O is not declared in glibc headers.
356 ¤Ï glibc ¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¤Ç¤ÏÀë¸À¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
357 .\" Bug filed 25 Nov 2007:
358 .\" http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5399