2 * Copyright (c) 2009, Microsoft Corporation.
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
6 * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
9 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
10 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
13 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14 * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
15 * Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA.
18 * Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
19 * Hank Janssen <hjanssen@microsoft.com>
21 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
23 #include <linux/kernel.h>
24 #include <linux/sched.h>
25 #include <linux/wait.h>
27 #include <linux/slab.h>
28 #include <linux/list.h>
29 #include <linux/module.h>
30 #include <linux/completion.h>
31 #include <linux/hyperv.h>
33 #include "hyperv_vmbus.h"
36 * vmbus_prep_negotiate_resp() - Create default response for Hyper-V Negotiate message
37 * @icmsghdrp: Pointer to msg header structure
38 * @icmsg_negotiate: Pointer to negotiate message structure
39 * @buf: Raw buffer channel data
41 * @icmsghdrp is of type &struct icmsg_hdr.
42 * @negop is of type &struct icmsg_negotiate.
43 * Set up and fill in default negotiate response message.
45 * The fw_version specifies the framework version that
46 * we can support and srv_version specifies the service
47 * version we can support.
49 * Mainly used by Hyper-V drivers.
51 bool vmbus_prep_negotiate_resp(struct icmsg_hdr *icmsghdrp,
52 struct icmsg_negotiate *negop, u8 *buf,
53 int fw_version, int srv_version)
55 int icframe_major, icframe_minor;
56 int icmsg_major, icmsg_minor;
57 int fw_major, fw_minor;
58 int srv_major, srv_minor;
60 bool found_match = false;
62 icmsghdrp->icmsgsize = 0x10;
63 fw_major = (fw_version >> 16);
64 fw_minor = (fw_version & 0xFFFF);
66 srv_major = (srv_version >> 16);
67 srv_minor = (srv_version & 0xFFFF);
69 negop = (struct icmsg_negotiate *)&buf[
70 sizeof(struct vmbuspipe_hdr) +
71 sizeof(struct icmsg_hdr)];
73 icframe_major = negop->icframe_vercnt;
76 icmsg_major = negop->icmsg_vercnt;
80 * Select the framework version number we will
84 for (i = 0; i < negop->icframe_vercnt; i++) {
85 if ((negop->icversion_data[i].major == fw_major) &&
86 (negop->icversion_data[i].minor == fw_minor)) {
87 icframe_major = negop->icversion_data[i].major;
88 icframe_minor = negop->icversion_data[i].minor;
98 for (i = negop->icframe_vercnt;
99 (i < negop->icframe_vercnt + negop->icmsg_vercnt); i++) {
100 if ((negop->icversion_data[i].major == srv_major) &&
101 (negop->icversion_data[i].minor == srv_minor)) {
102 icmsg_major = negop->icversion_data[i].major;
103 icmsg_minor = negop->icversion_data[i].minor;
109 * Respond with the framework and service
110 * version numbers we can support.
115 negop->icframe_vercnt = 0;
116 negop->icmsg_vercnt = 0;
118 negop->icframe_vercnt = 1;
119 negop->icmsg_vercnt = 1;
122 negop->icversion_data[0].major = icframe_major;
123 negop->icversion_data[0].minor = icframe_minor;
124 negop->icversion_data[1].major = icmsg_major;
125 negop->icversion_data[1].minor = icmsg_minor;
129 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmbus_prep_negotiate_resp);
132 * alloc_channel - Allocate and initialize a vmbus channel object
134 static struct vmbus_channel *alloc_channel(void)
136 static atomic_t chan_num = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
137 struct vmbus_channel *channel;
139 channel = kzalloc(sizeof(*channel), GFP_ATOMIC);
143 channel->id = atomic_inc_return(&chan_num);
144 spin_lock_init(&channel->inbound_lock);
145 spin_lock_init(&channel->lock);
147 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&channel->sc_list);
148 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&channel->percpu_list);
154 * free_channel - Release the resources used by the vmbus channel object
156 static void free_channel(struct vmbus_channel *channel)
161 static void percpu_channel_enq(void *arg)
163 struct vmbus_channel *channel = arg;
164 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
166 list_add_tail(&channel->percpu_list, &hv_context.percpu_list[cpu]);
169 static void percpu_channel_deq(void *arg)
171 struct vmbus_channel *channel = arg;
173 list_del(&channel->percpu_list);
177 void hv_process_channel_removal(struct vmbus_channel *channel, u32 relid)
179 struct vmbus_channel_relid_released msg;
181 struct vmbus_channel *primary_channel;
183 memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_relid_released));
184 msg.child_relid = relid;
185 msg.header.msgtype = CHANNELMSG_RELID_RELEASED;
186 vmbus_post_msg(&msg, sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_relid_released));
191 if (channel->target_cpu != get_cpu()) {
193 smp_call_function_single(channel->target_cpu,
194 percpu_channel_deq, channel, true);
196 percpu_channel_deq(channel);
200 if (channel->primary_channel == NULL) {
201 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
202 list_del(&channel->listentry);
203 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
205 primary_channel = channel->primary_channel;
206 spin_lock_irqsave(&primary_channel->lock, flags);
207 list_del(&channel->sc_list);
208 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&primary_channel->lock, flags);
210 free_channel(channel);
213 void vmbus_free_channels(void)
215 struct vmbus_channel *channel, *tmp;
217 list_for_each_entry_safe(channel, tmp, &vmbus_connection.chn_list,
219 /* if we don't set rescind to true, vmbus_close_internal()
220 * won't invoke hv_process_channel_removal().
222 channel->rescind = true;
224 vmbus_device_unregister(channel->device_obj);
229 * vmbus_process_offer - Process the offer by creating a channel/device
230 * associated with this offer
232 static void vmbus_process_offer(struct vmbus_channel *newchannel)
234 struct vmbus_channel *channel;
238 /* Make sure this is a new offer */
239 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
241 list_for_each_entry(channel, &vmbus_connection.chn_list, listentry) {
242 if (!uuid_le_cmp(channel->offermsg.offer.if_type,
243 newchannel->offermsg.offer.if_type) &&
244 !uuid_le_cmp(channel->offermsg.offer.if_instance,
245 newchannel->offermsg.offer.if_instance)) {
252 list_add_tail(&newchannel->listentry,
253 &vmbus_connection.chn_list);
255 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
259 * Check to see if this is a sub-channel.
261 if (newchannel->offermsg.offer.sub_channel_index != 0) {
263 * Process the sub-channel.
265 newchannel->primary_channel = channel;
266 spin_lock_irqsave(&channel->lock, flags);
267 list_add_tail(&newchannel->sc_list, &channel->sc_list);
268 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&channel->lock, flags);
274 if (newchannel->target_cpu != get_cpu()) {
276 smp_call_function_single(newchannel->target_cpu,
280 percpu_channel_enq(newchannel);
285 * This state is used to indicate a successful open
286 * so that when we do close the channel normally, we
287 * can cleanup properly
289 newchannel->state = CHANNEL_OPEN_STATE;
292 if (channel->sc_creation_callback != NULL)
293 channel->sc_creation_callback(newchannel);
298 * Start the process of binding this offer to the driver
299 * We need to set the DeviceObject field before calling
300 * vmbus_child_dev_add()
302 newchannel->device_obj = vmbus_device_create(
303 &newchannel->offermsg.offer.if_type,
304 &newchannel->offermsg.offer.if_instance,
306 if (!newchannel->device_obj)
310 * Add the new device to the bus. This will kick off device-driver
311 * binding which eventually invokes the device driver's AddDevice()
314 if (vmbus_device_register(newchannel->device_obj) != 0) {
315 pr_err("unable to add child device object (relid %d)\n",
316 newchannel->offermsg.child_relid);
317 kfree(newchannel->device_obj);
323 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
324 list_del(&newchannel->listentry);
325 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channel_lock, flags);
327 if (newchannel->target_cpu != get_cpu()) {
329 smp_call_function_single(newchannel->target_cpu,
330 percpu_channel_deq, newchannel, true);
332 percpu_channel_deq(newchannel);
337 free_channel(newchannel);
348 * This is an array of device_ids (device types) that are performance critical.
349 * We attempt to distribute the interrupt load for these devices across
350 * all available CPUs.
352 static const struct hv_vmbus_device_id hp_devs[] = {
359 /* NetworkDirect Guest RDMA */
365 * We use this state to statically distribute the channel interrupt load.
370 * Starting with Win8, we can statically distribute the incoming
371 * channel interrupt load by binding a channel to VCPU. We
372 * implement here a simple round robin scheme for distributing
373 * the interrupt load.
374 * We will bind channels that are not performance critical to cpu 0 and
375 * performance critical channels (IDE, SCSI and Network) will be uniformly
376 * distributed across all available CPUs.
378 static void init_vp_index(struct vmbus_channel *channel, const uuid_le *type_guid)
382 bool perf_chn = false;
383 u32 max_cpus = num_online_cpus();
385 for (i = IDE; i < MAX_PERF_CHN; i++) {
386 if (!memcmp(type_guid->b, hp_devs[i].guid,
392 if ((vmbus_proto_version == VERSION_WS2008) ||
393 (vmbus_proto_version == VERSION_WIN7) || (!perf_chn)) {
395 * Prior to win8, all channel interrupts are
396 * delivered on cpu 0.
397 * Also if the channel is not a performance critical
398 * channel, bind it to cpu 0.
400 channel->target_cpu = 0;
401 channel->target_vp = 0;
404 cur_cpu = (++next_vp % max_cpus);
405 channel->target_cpu = cur_cpu;
406 channel->target_vp = hv_context.vp_index[cur_cpu];
410 * vmbus_unload_response - Handler for the unload response.
412 static void vmbus_unload_response(struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
415 * This is a global event; just wakeup the waiting thread.
416 * Once we successfully unload, we can cleanup the monitor state.
418 complete(&vmbus_connection.unload_event);
421 void vmbus_initiate_unload(void)
423 struct vmbus_channel_message_header hdr;
425 init_completion(&vmbus_connection.unload_event);
426 memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_message_header));
427 hdr.msgtype = CHANNELMSG_UNLOAD;
428 vmbus_post_msg(&hdr, sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_message_header));
430 wait_for_completion(&vmbus_connection.unload_event);
434 * vmbus_onoffer - Handler for channel offers from vmbus in parent partition.
437 static void vmbus_onoffer(struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
439 struct vmbus_channel_offer_channel *offer;
440 struct vmbus_channel *newchannel;
442 offer = (struct vmbus_channel_offer_channel *)hdr;
444 /* Allocate the channel object and save this offer. */
445 newchannel = alloc_channel();
447 pr_err("Unable to allocate channel object\n");
452 * By default we setup state to enable batched
453 * reading. A specific service can choose to
454 * disable this prior to opening the channel.
456 newchannel->batched_reading = true;
459 * Setup state for signalling the host.
461 newchannel->sig_event = (struct hv_input_signal_event *)
462 (ALIGN((unsigned long)
463 &newchannel->sig_buf,
464 HV_HYPERCALL_PARAM_ALIGN));
466 newchannel->sig_event->connectionid.asu32 = 0;
467 newchannel->sig_event->connectionid.u.id = VMBUS_EVENT_CONNECTION_ID;
468 newchannel->sig_event->flag_number = 0;
469 newchannel->sig_event->rsvdz = 0;
471 if (vmbus_proto_version != VERSION_WS2008) {
472 newchannel->is_dedicated_interrupt =
473 (offer->is_dedicated_interrupt != 0);
474 newchannel->sig_event->connectionid.u.id =
475 offer->connection_id;
478 init_vp_index(newchannel, &offer->offer.if_type);
480 memcpy(&newchannel->offermsg, offer,
481 sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_offer_channel));
482 newchannel->monitor_grp = (u8)offer->monitorid / 32;
483 newchannel->monitor_bit = (u8)offer->monitorid % 32;
485 vmbus_process_offer(newchannel);
489 * vmbus_onoffer_rescind - Rescind offer handler.
491 * We queue a work item to process this offer synchronously
493 static void vmbus_onoffer_rescind(struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
495 struct vmbus_channel_rescind_offer *rescind;
496 struct vmbus_channel *channel;
500 rescind = (struct vmbus_channel_rescind_offer *)hdr;
501 channel = relid2channel(rescind->child_relid);
503 if (channel == NULL) {
504 hv_process_channel_removal(NULL, rescind->child_relid);
508 spin_lock_irqsave(&channel->lock, flags);
509 channel->rescind = true;
510 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&channel->lock, flags);
512 if (channel->device_obj) {
514 * We will have to unregister this device from the
517 dev = get_device(&channel->device_obj->device);
519 vmbus_device_unregister(channel->device_obj);
523 hv_process_channel_removal(channel,
524 channel->offermsg.child_relid);
529 * vmbus_onoffers_delivered -
530 * This is invoked when all offers have been delivered.
532 * Nothing to do here.
534 static void vmbus_onoffers_delivered(
535 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
540 * vmbus_onopen_result - Open result handler.
542 * This is invoked when we received a response to our channel open request.
543 * Find the matching request, copy the response and signal the requesting
546 static void vmbus_onopen_result(struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
548 struct vmbus_channel_open_result *result;
549 struct vmbus_channel_msginfo *msginfo;
550 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *requestheader;
551 struct vmbus_channel_open_channel *openmsg;
554 result = (struct vmbus_channel_open_result *)hdr;
557 * Find the open msg, copy the result and signal/unblock the wait event
559 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
561 list_for_each_entry(msginfo, &vmbus_connection.chn_msg_list,
564 (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msginfo->msg;
566 if (requestheader->msgtype == CHANNELMSG_OPENCHANNEL) {
568 (struct vmbus_channel_open_channel *)msginfo->msg;
569 if (openmsg->child_relid == result->child_relid &&
570 openmsg->openid == result->openid) {
571 memcpy(&msginfo->response.open_result,
574 struct vmbus_channel_open_result));
575 complete(&msginfo->waitevent);
580 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
584 * vmbus_ongpadl_created - GPADL created handler.
586 * This is invoked when we received a response to our gpadl create request.
587 * Find the matching request, copy the response and signal the requesting
590 static void vmbus_ongpadl_created(struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
592 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_created *gpadlcreated;
593 struct vmbus_channel_msginfo *msginfo;
594 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *requestheader;
595 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_header *gpadlheader;
598 gpadlcreated = (struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_created *)hdr;
601 * Find the establish msg, copy the result and signal/unblock the wait
604 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
606 list_for_each_entry(msginfo, &vmbus_connection.chn_msg_list,
609 (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msginfo->msg;
611 if (requestheader->msgtype == CHANNELMSG_GPADL_HEADER) {
613 (struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_header *)requestheader;
615 if ((gpadlcreated->child_relid ==
616 gpadlheader->child_relid) &&
617 (gpadlcreated->gpadl == gpadlheader->gpadl)) {
618 memcpy(&msginfo->response.gpadl_created,
621 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_created));
622 complete(&msginfo->waitevent);
627 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
631 * vmbus_ongpadl_torndown - GPADL torndown handler.
633 * This is invoked when we received a response to our gpadl teardown request.
634 * Find the matching request, copy the response and signal the requesting
637 static void vmbus_ongpadl_torndown(
638 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
640 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_torndown *gpadl_torndown;
641 struct vmbus_channel_msginfo *msginfo;
642 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *requestheader;
643 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_teardown *gpadl_teardown;
646 gpadl_torndown = (struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_torndown *)hdr;
649 * Find the open msg, copy the result and signal/unblock the wait event
651 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
653 list_for_each_entry(msginfo, &vmbus_connection.chn_msg_list,
656 (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msginfo->msg;
658 if (requestheader->msgtype == CHANNELMSG_GPADL_TEARDOWN) {
660 (struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_teardown *)requestheader;
662 if (gpadl_torndown->gpadl == gpadl_teardown->gpadl) {
663 memcpy(&msginfo->response.gpadl_torndown,
666 struct vmbus_channel_gpadl_torndown));
667 complete(&msginfo->waitevent);
672 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
676 * vmbus_onversion_response - Version response handler
678 * This is invoked when we received a response to our initiate contact request.
679 * Find the matching request, copy the response and signal the requesting
682 static void vmbus_onversion_response(
683 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr)
685 struct vmbus_channel_msginfo *msginfo;
686 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *requestheader;
687 struct vmbus_channel_version_response *version_response;
690 version_response = (struct vmbus_channel_version_response *)hdr;
691 spin_lock_irqsave(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
693 list_for_each_entry(msginfo, &vmbus_connection.chn_msg_list,
696 (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msginfo->msg;
698 if (requestheader->msgtype ==
699 CHANNELMSG_INITIATE_CONTACT) {
700 memcpy(&msginfo->response.version_response,
702 sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_version_response));
703 complete(&msginfo->waitevent);
706 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&vmbus_connection.channelmsg_lock, flags);
709 /* Channel message dispatch table */
710 struct vmbus_channel_message_table_entry
711 channel_message_table[CHANNELMSG_COUNT] = {
712 {CHANNELMSG_INVALID, 0, NULL},
713 {CHANNELMSG_OFFERCHANNEL, 0, vmbus_onoffer},
714 {CHANNELMSG_RESCIND_CHANNELOFFER, 0, vmbus_onoffer_rescind},
715 {CHANNELMSG_REQUESTOFFERS, 0, NULL},
716 {CHANNELMSG_ALLOFFERS_DELIVERED, 1, vmbus_onoffers_delivered},
717 {CHANNELMSG_OPENCHANNEL, 0, NULL},
718 {CHANNELMSG_OPENCHANNEL_RESULT, 1, vmbus_onopen_result},
719 {CHANNELMSG_CLOSECHANNEL, 0, NULL},
720 {CHANNELMSG_GPADL_HEADER, 0, NULL},
721 {CHANNELMSG_GPADL_BODY, 0, NULL},
722 {CHANNELMSG_GPADL_CREATED, 1, vmbus_ongpadl_created},
723 {CHANNELMSG_GPADL_TEARDOWN, 0, NULL},
724 {CHANNELMSG_GPADL_TORNDOWN, 1, vmbus_ongpadl_torndown},
725 {CHANNELMSG_RELID_RELEASED, 0, NULL},
726 {CHANNELMSG_INITIATE_CONTACT, 0, NULL},
727 {CHANNELMSG_VERSION_RESPONSE, 1, vmbus_onversion_response},
728 {CHANNELMSG_UNLOAD, 0, NULL},
729 {CHANNELMSG_UNLOAD_RESPONSE, 1, vmbus_unload_response},
733 * vmbus_onmessage - Handler for channel protocol messages.
735 * This is invoked in the vmbus worker thread context.
737 void vmbus_onmessage(void *context)
739 struct hv_message *msg = context;
740 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *hdr;
743 hdr = (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msg->u.payload;
744 size = msg->header.payload_size;
746 if (hdr->msgtype >= CHANNELMSG_COUNT) {
747 pr_err("Received invalid channel message type %d size %d\n",
749 print_hex_dump_bytes("", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE,
750 (unsigned char *)msg->u.payload, size);
754 if (channel_message_table[hdr->msgtype].message_handler)
755 channel_message_table[hdr->msgtype].message_handler(hdr);
757 pr_err("Unhandled channel message type %d\n", hdr->msgtype);
761 * vmbus_request_offers - Send a request to get all our pending offers.
763 int vmbus_request_offers(void)
765 struct vmbus_channel_message_header *msg;
766 struct vmbus_channel_msginfo *msginfo;
769 msginfo = kmalloc(sizeof(*msginfo) +
770 sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_message_header),
775 msg = (struct vmbus_channel_message_header *)msginfo->msg;
777 msg->msgtype = CHANNELMSG_REQUESTOFFERS;
780 ret = vmbus_post_msg(msg,
781 sizeof(struct vmbus_channel_message_header));
783 pr_err("Unable to request offers - %d\n", ret);
795 * Retrieve the (sub) channel on which to send an outgoing request.
796 * When a primary channel has multiple sub-channels, we try to
797 * distribute the load equally amongst all available channels.
799 struct vmbus_channel *vmbus_get_outgoing_channel(struct vmbus_channel *primary)
801 struct list_head *cur, *tmp;
803 struct vmbus_channel *cur_channel;
804 struct vmbus_channel *outgoing_channel = primary;
808 if (list_empty(&primary->sc_list))
809 return outgoing_channel;
811 next_channel = primary->next_oc++;
813 if (next_channel > (primary->num_sc)) {
814 primary->next_oc = 0;
815 return outgoing_channel;
818 cur_cpu = hv_context.vp_index[get_cpu()];
820 list_for_each_safe(cur, tmp, &primary->sc_list) {
821 cur_channel = list_entry(cur, struct vmbus_channel, sc_list);
822 if (cur_channel->state != CHANNEL_OPENED_STATE)
825 if (cur_channel->target_vp == cur_cpu)
828 if (i == next_channel)
834 return outgoing_channel;
836 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmbus_get_outgoing_channel);
838 static void invoke_sc_cb(struct vmbus_channel *primary_channel)
840 struct list_head *cur, *tmp;
841 struct vmbus_channel *cur_channel;
843 if (primary_channel->sc_creation_callback == NULL)
846 list_for_each_safe(cur, tmp, &primary_channel->sc_list) {
847 cur_channel = list_entry(cur, struct vmbus_channel, sc_list);
849 primary_channel->sc_creation_callback(cur_channel);
853 void vmbus_set_sc_create_callback(struct vmbus_channel *primary_channel,
854 void (*sc_cr_cb)(struct vmbus_channel *new_sc))
856 primary_channel->sc_creation_callback = sc_cr_cb;
858 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmbus_set_sc_create_callback);
860 bool vmbus_are_subchannels_present(struct vmbus_channel *primary)
864 ret = !list_empty(&primary->sc_list);
868 * Invoke the callback on sub-channel creation.
869 * This will present a uniform interface to the
872 invoke_sc_cb(primary);
877 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmbus_are_subchannels_present);