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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / GNU_bash / work / P09

.\"O .SH HISTORY
.SH ÍúÎò(HISTORY)
.\"O When the
.\"O .B \-o history
.\"O option to the
.\"O .B set
.\"O builtin is enabled, the shell provides access to the
.\"O \fIcommand history\fP,
.\"O the list of commands previously typed.
.B \-o history
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î
.B set
¤ÇÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢
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.\"O The value of the \fBHISTSIZE\fP variable is used as the
.\"O number of commands to save in a history list.
ÊÑ¿ô \fBHISTSIZE\fP ¤ÎÃͤ¬¡¢
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.\"WORD:        history list    ÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È
.\"O The text of the last
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTSIZE
.\"O commands (default 500) is saved.  The shell
.\"O stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and
.\"O variable expansion (see
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B EXPANSION
.\"O above) but after history expansion is performed, subject to the
.\"O values of the shell variables
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTIGNORE
.\"O and
.\"O .SM
.\"O .BR HISTCONTROL .
²áµî¤ËÆþÎϤ·¤¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢ºÇ¿·
.SM
.B HISTSIZE
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(Á°½Ò¤Î
.SM
.B Ÿ³«
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.SM
.B HISTIGNORE
¤È
.SM
.BR HISTCONTROL
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.PP
.\"O On startup, the history is initialized from the file named by
.\"O the variable
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTFILE
.\"O (default \fI~/.bash_history\fP).
µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¡¢ÍúÎò¤Ï
.SM
.B HISTFILE
ÊÑ¿ô (¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ï \fI~/.bash_history\fP)
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.\"O The file named by the value of
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTFILE
.\"O is truncated, if necessary, to contain no more than
.\"O the number of lines specified by the value of
.\"O .SM
.\"O .BR HISTFILESIZE .
.SM
.B HISTFILE
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.SM
.B HISTFILESIZE
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.\"O When an interactive shell exits, the last
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTSIZE
.\"O lines are copied from the history list to
.\"O .SM
.\"O .BR HISTFILE .
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.SM
.B HISTSIZE
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.SM
.B HISTFILE
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.\"O If the
.\"O .B histappend
.\"O shell option is enabled
.\"O (see the description of
.\"O .B shopt
.\"O under
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
.\"O below), the lines are appended to the history file,
.\"O otherwise the history file is overwritten.
¥·¥§¥ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î
.B histappend
(
.SM
.B ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
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.B shopt
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.\"O If
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTFILE
.\"O is unset, or if the history file is unwritable, the history is
.\"O not saved.  After saving the history, the history file is truncated
.\"O to contain no more than
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTFILESIZE
.\"O lines.  If
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTFILESIZE
.\"O is not set, no truncation is performed.
.SM
.B HISTFILE
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.B HISTFILESIZE
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.B HISTFILESIZE
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.PP
.\"O The builtin command
.\"O .B fc
.\"O (see
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
.\"O below) may be used to list or edit and re-execute a portion of
.\"O the history list.
ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
.B fc
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.SM
.B ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
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.\"O The
.\"O .B history
.\"O builtin may be used to display or modify the history list and
.\"O manipulate the history file.
.\"O When using command-line editing, search commands
.\"O are available in each editing mode that provide access to the
.\"O history list.
ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î
.B history
¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤È¡¢ÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤òɽ¼¨¡¦ÊÔ½¸¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢
ÍúÎò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÁàºî¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
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³ÆÊÔ½¸¥â¡¼¥É¤Ç¤¤¤í¤¤¤í¤Ê¸¡º÷¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬ÍøÍѤǤ­¡¢
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.PP
.\"O The shell allows control over which commands are saved on the history
.\"O list.  The
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTCONTROL
.\"O and
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B HISTIGNORE
.\"O variables may be set to cause the shell to save only a subset of the
.\"O commands entered.
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.SM
.B HISTCONTROL
ÊÑ¿ô¤È
.SM
.B HISTIGNORE
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.\"O The
.\"O .B cmdhist
.\"O shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to save each
.\"O line of a multi-line command in the same history entry, adding
.\"O semicolons where necessary to preserve syntactic correctness.
¥·¥§¥ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î
.B cmdhist
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.\"O The
.\"O .B lithist
.\"O shell option causes the shell to save the command with embedded newlines
.\"O instead of semicolons.  See the description of the
.\"O .B shopt
.\"O builtin below under
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B "SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS"
.\"O for information on setting and unsetting shell options.
¥·¥§¥ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î
.B lithist
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¥»¥ß¥³¥í¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤òÃÖ¤¯·Á¤Ç¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÊݸ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
¥·¥§¥ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎÀßÄê¤ÈÀßÄê¼è¤ê¾Ã¤·¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¸å½Ò¤Î
.SM
.B ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
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.\"O .SH "HISTORY EXPANSION"
.SH ÍúÎò¤ÎŸ³«
.PP
.\"O The shell supports a history expansion feature that
.\"O is similar to the history expansion in
.\"O .BR csh.
.\"O This section describes what syntax features are available.  This
.\"O feature is enabled by default for interactive shells, and can be
.\"O disabled using the
.\"O .B \+H
.\"O option to the
.\"O .B set
.\"O builtin command (see
.\"O .SM
.\"O .B SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS
.\"O below).  Non-interactive shells do not perform history expansion
.\"O by default.
¤³¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¡¢
.B csh
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ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
.B set
¤Î
.B \+H
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó (¸å½Ò¤Î
.SM
.B ¥·¥§¥ë¤ÎÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
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.PP
.\"O History expansions introduce words from the history list into
.\"O the input stream, making it easy to repeat commands, insert the
.\"O arguments to a previous command into the current input line, or
.\"O fix errors in previous commands quickly.
ÍúÎòŸ³«¤Ï¡¢ÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥ÈÃæ¤Îñ¸ì¤òÆþÎÏ¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤ËÆþ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.PP
.\"O History expansion is performed immediately after a complete line
.\"O is read, before the shell breaks it into words.
.\"O It takes place in two parts.
.\"O The first is to determine which line from the history list
.\"O to use during substitution.
.\"O The second is to select portions of that line for inclusion into
.\"O the current one.
ÍúÎòŸ³«¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤ÏÆþÎϹÔÁ´ÂΤòÆɤ߹þ¤ó¤Àľ¸å¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢
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.\"O The line selected from the history is the \fIevent\fP,
.\"O and the portions of that line that are acted upon are \fIwords\fP.
.\"O Various \fImodifiers\fP are available to manipulate the selected words.
ÍúÎò¥ê¥¹¥È¤«¤éÁª¤Ð¤ì¤¿¹Ô¤Ï\fI¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È (event)\fP ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¡¢
¤³¤Î¹Ô¤Î¤¦¤ÁÆ°ºî¤ÎÂоݤȤʤëÉôʬ¤ò\fIñ¸ìÎó (words)\fP¤È¸Æ¤Ó¤Þ¤¹¡£
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.\"O The line is broken into words in the same fashion as when reading input,
.\"O so that several \fImetacharacter\fP-separated words surrounded by
.\"O quotes are considered one word.
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\fI¥á¥¿Ê¸»ú\fP¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤¿Ê£¿ô¤Îñ¸ì¤ò¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤Ç³ç¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ï
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.\"O History expansions are introduced by the appearance of the
.\"O history expansion character, which is \^\fB!\fP\^ by default.
.\"O Only backslash (\^\fB\e\fP\^) and single quotes can quote
.\"O the history expansion character.
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ÍúÎòŸ³«Ê¸»ú¤ò¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¢
¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å (\^\fB\e\fP\^) ¤È¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£
.PP
.\"O Several shell options settable with the
.\"O .B shopt
.\"O builtin may be used to tailor the behavior of history expansion.
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.\"O If the
.\"O .B histverify
.\"O shell option is enabled (see the description of the
.\"O .B shopt
.\"O builtin), and
.\"O .B readline
.\"O is being used, history substitutions are not immediately passed to
.\"O the shell parser.
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.B histverify
¤¬Í­¸ú¤Ç (ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
.B shopt
¤ÎÀâÌÀ¤ò»²¾È)¡¢¤«¤Ä
.B readline
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.\"O Instead, the expanded line is reloaded into the
.\"O .B readline
.\"O editing buffer for further modification.
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.B readline
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.\"O If
.\"O .B readline
.\"O is being used, and the
.\"O .B histreedit
.\"O shell option is enabled, a failed history substitution will be reloaded
.\"O into the
.\"O .B readline
.\"O editing buffer for correction.
.B readline
¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢¤«¤Ä¥·¥§¥ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î
.B histreedit
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.B readline
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.\"O The
.\"O .B \-p
.\"O option to the
.\"O .B history
.\"O builtin command may be used to see what a history expansion will
.\"O do before using it.
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.B history
¤Î
.B \-p
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.\"O The
.\"O .B \-s
.\"O option to the
.\"O .B history
.\"O builtin may be used to add commands to the end of the history list
.\"O without actually executing them, so that they are available for
.\"O subsequent recall.
ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É
.B history
¤Î
.B \-s
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.PP
.\"O The shell allows control of the various characters used by the
.\"O history expansion mechanism (see the description of
.\"O .B histchars
.\"O above under
.\"O .BR "Shell Variables" ).
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(Á°½Ò¤Î
.BR ¥·¥§¥ëÊÑ¿ô
¤Î¹àÌܤˤª¤±¤ë
.B histchars
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.\"O .SS Event Designators
.SS ¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È»Ø¼¨»Ò (Event Designator)
.PP
.\"O An event designator is a reference to a command line entry in the
.\"O history list.
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.PP
.PD 0
.TP
.B !
.\"O Start a history substitution, except when followed by a
.\"O .BR blank ,
.\"O newline, = or (.
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.B !\fIn\fR
.\"O Refer to command line
.\"O .IR n .
.I n
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.B !\-\fIn\fR
.\"O Refer to the current command line minus
.\"O .IR n .
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.B !!
.\"O Refer to the previous command.  This is a synonym for `!\-1'.
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.B !\fIstring\fR
.\"O Refer to the most recent command starting with 
.\"O .IR string .
.I string
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.B !?\fIstring\fR\fB[?]\fR
.\"O Refer to the most recent command containing
.\"O .IR string .
.\"O The trailing \fB?\fP may be omitted if
.\"O .I string
.\"O is followed immediately by a newline.
.I string
¤ò´Þ¤à¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢°ìÈÖ¸½ºß¤Ë¶á¤¤¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.I string
¤Îľ¸å¤¬²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢ºÇ¸å¤Î \fB?\fP ¤Ï¾Êά¤·¤Æ¤â¹½¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
.TP
.B \d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring1\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u\fIstring2\fP\d\s+2^\s-2\u
.\"O Quick substitution.  Repeat the last command, replacing
.\"O .I string1
.\"O with
.\"O .IR string2 .
.\"O Equivalent to
.\"O ``!!:s/\fIstring1\fP/\fIstring2\fP/''
.\"O (see \fBModifiers\fP below).
´Ê°×ÃÖ´¹¡£
.I string1
¤ò
.IR string2
¤ËÃÖ´¹¤·¤ÆľÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò·«¤êÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
``!!:s/\fIstring1\fP/\fIstring2\fP/'' ¤ÈƱµÁ¤Ç¤¹
(¸å½Ò¤Î\fB½¤¾þ»Ò\fP¤ò»²¾È)¡£
.TP
.B !#
.\"O The entire command line typed so far.
º£¤Þ¤Ç¤Î¤È¤³¤í¤Þ¤Ç¤ËÂǤÁ¹þ¤ó¤À¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥óÁ´ÂΤǤ¹¡£
.PD
.\"O .SS Word Designators
.SS ñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò(Word Designators)
.PP
.\"O Word designators are used to select desired words from the event.
.\"O A 
.\"O .B :
.\"O separates the event specification from the word designator.
.\"O It may be omitted if the word designator begins with a
.\"O .BR ^ ,
.\"O .BR $ ,
.\"O .BR * ,
.\"O .BR \- ,
.\"O or
.\"O .BR % .
.\"O Words are numbered from the beginning of the line,
.\"O with the first word being denoted by 0 (zero).
.\"O Words are inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.
ñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò (word designator) ¤Ï¡¢
¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¤«¤éÍߤ·¤¤Ã±¸ì¤òÁª¤Ö»þ¤ËÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È»ØÄê¤Èñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò¤Î¥»¥Ñ¥ì¡¼¥¿¤Ë¤Ï
.B :
¤òÍѤ¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
ñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò¤¬
.BR ^ ,
.BR $ ,
.BR * ,
.BR \- ,
.B %
¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¥»¥Ñ¥ì¡¼¥¿¤Ï¾Êά¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
ñ¸ì¤Ë¤Ï¹Ô¤ÎÀèƬ¤«¤éÈֹ椬¿¶¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
ÀèƬ¤Îñ¸ì¤¬ 0 ÈÖÌܤˤʤê¤Þ¤¹¡£
ñ¸ì¤Ï¸½ºß¤Î¹Ô¤Ë¡¢¶õÇò 1 ¤Ä¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ÆÁÞÆþ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
.PP
.PD 0
.TP
.\"O .B 0 (zero)
.B 0 (¥¼¥í)
.\"O The zeroth word.  For the shell, this is the command
.\"O word.
0 ÈÖÌܤÎñ¸ì¡£¤³¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òɽ¤¹Ã±¸ì¤Ç¤¹¡£
.TP
.I n
.\"O The \fIn\fRth word.
\fIn\fR ÈÖÌܤÎñ¸ì¡£
.TP
.B ^
.\"O The first argument.  That is, word 1.
ºÇ½é¤Î°ú¤­¿ô¡£¤Ä¤Þ¤ê 1 ÈÖÌܤÎñ¸ì¤Ç¤¹¡£
.TP
.B $
.\"O The last argument.
ºÇ¸å¤Î°ú¤­¿ô¡£
.TP
.B %
.\"O The word matched by the most recent `?\fIstring\fR?' search.
`?\fIstring\fR?' ¸¡º÷¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡¢°ìÈÖ¸½ºß¤Ë¶á¤¤Ã±¸ì¡£
.TP
.I x\fB\-\fPy
.\"O A range of words; `\-\fIy\fR' abbreviates `0\-\fIy\fR'.
ñ¸ì¤ÎÈÏ°Ï¡£`0\-\fIy\fR' ¤Î¾Êά·Á¤È¤·¤Æ `\-\fIy\fR' ¤¬»È¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B *
.\"O All of the words but the zeroth.  This is a synonym
.\"O for `\fI1\-$\fP'.  It is not an error to use
.\"O .B *
.\"O if there is just one
.\"O word in the event; the empty string is returned in that case.
0 ÈÖÌܤò½ü¤¯Á´¤Æ¤Îñ¸ì¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï `\fI1\-$\fP' ¤ÎÊÌɽ¸½¤Ç¤¹¡£
¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥ÈÃæ¤Ë 1 ¤Ä¤·¤«Ã±¸ì¤¬¸½¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤È¤­¤Ë
.B *
¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤â¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¶õʸ»úÎó¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B x*
.\"O Abbreviates \fIx\-$\fP.
\fIx\-$\fP ¤Î¾Êά·Á¤Ç¤¹¡£
.TP
.B x\-
.\"O Abbreviates \fIx\-$\fP like \fBx*\fP, but omits the last word.
\fBx*\fP ¤ÈƱÍÍ¤Ë \fIx\-$\fP ¤Î¾Êά·Á¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢
¤¿¤À¤·ºÇ¸å¤Îñ¸ì¤Ï´Þ¤ß¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
.PD
.PP
.\"O If a word designator is supplied without an event specification, the
.\"O previous command is used as the event.
¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È»ØÄê¤Ê¤·¤Ëñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò¤¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
ľÁ°¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤¬¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
.\"O .SS Modifiers
.SS ½¤¾þ»Ò(Modifiers)
.PP
.\"O After the optional word designator, there may appear a sequence of
.\"O one or more of the following modifiers, each preceded by a `:'.
ñ¸ì»Ø¼¨»Ò (¾Êά²Äǽ) ¤Î¸å¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
°Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹½¤¾þ»Ò¤ò¡¢1 ¸Ä°Ê¾å¤Î¥·¡¼¥±¥ó¥¹¤Î¤«¤¿¤Á¤ÇÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î½¤¾þ»Ò¤ÎÁ°¤Ë¤Ï `:' ¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Þ¤¹¡£
.PP
.PD 0
.PP
.TP
.B h
.\"O Remove a trailing file name component, leaving only the head.
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤«¤éËöÈø¤Ë¤¢¤ëÉôʬ (¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾) ¤ò¼è¤ê½ü¤­¡¢
Á°¤ÎÊý (¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÉô) ¤À¤±¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B t
.\"O Remove all leading file name components, leaving the tail.
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤«¤éÁ°¤ÎÊý (¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÉô) ¤ò¼è¤ê½ü¤­¡¢
ËöÈø¤Ë¤¢¤ëÉôʬ (¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾) ¤À¤±¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B r
.\"O Remove a trailing suffix of the form \fI.xxx\fP, leaving the
.\"O basename.
ËöÈø¤Ë¤¢¤ë \fI.xxx\fP ·Á¼°¤Î¥µ¥Õ¥£¥Ã¥¯¥¹¤ò¼è¤ê½ü¤­¡¢
¥Ù¡¼¥¹Ì¾ (basename) ¤À¤±¤ò»Ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B e
.\"O Remove all but the trailing suffix.
ËöÈø¤Î¥µ¥Õ¥£¥Ã¥¯¥¹¤À¤±¤ò»Ä¤·¤Æ¡¢Á´¤Æ¤ÎÉôʬ¤ò¼è¤ê½ü¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B p
.\"O Print the new command but do not execute it.
¿·¤·¤¤¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òɽ¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤Ï¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£
.TP
.B q
.\"O Quote the substituted words, escaping further substitutions.
ÃÖ´¹¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿Ã±¸ì¤ò¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤·¡¢¤½¤ì°Ê¾å¤ÎÃÖ´¹¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B x
.\"O Quote the substituted words as with
.\"O .BR q ,
.\"O but break into words at
.\"O .B blanks
.\"O and newlines.
.B q
¤ÈƱ¤¸¤è¤¦¤ËÃÖ´¹¸å¤Îñ¸ì¤ò¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢
.B ¶õÇòʸ»ú
¤È²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤Î¤È¤³¤í¤Çñ¸ì¤Ëʬ³ä¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B s/\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/
.\"O Substitute
.\"O .I new
.\"O for the first occurrence of
.\"O .I old
.\"O in the event line.  Any delimiter can be used in place of /.  The
.\"O final delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the
.\"O event line.  The delimiter may be quoted in
.\"O .I old
.\"O and
.\"O .I new
.\"O with a single backslash.  If & appears in
.\"O .IR new ,
.\"O it is replaced by
.\"O .IR old .
¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¹Ô¤ÇºÇ½é¤Ë¸½¤ï¤ì¤¿
.I old
¤ò
.I new
¤ËÃÖ¤­´¹¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£/ ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤ËǤ°Õ¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
ºÇ¸å¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤¬¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¹Ô¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Îʸ»ú¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢
¤³¤ì¤Ï¾Êά¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
.I old
¤È
.I new
¤ÎÃæ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å 1 ¤Ä¤Ç¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤¹¤ì¤Ð¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤â»È¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£
.I new 
¤Ë & ¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï
.I old
¤ËÃÖ¤­´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
.\"O A single backslash will quote the &.  If
.\"O .I old
.\"O is null, it is set to the last
.\"O .I old
.\"O substituted, or, if no previous history substitutions took place,
.\"O the last
.\"O .I string
.\"O in a
.\"O .B !?\fIstring\fR\fB[?]\fR
.\"O search.
¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å 1 ¤Ä¤òÁ°¤ËÃÖ¤±¤Ð & ¤ò¥¯¥©¡¼¥È¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
.I old
¤¬¶õʸ»úÎó¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ë¤ÏÁ°²ó¤ËÃÖ´¹¤µ¤ì¤¿
.I old
¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
°ÊÁ°¤ËÍúÎòÃÖ´¹¤¬Á´¤¯¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¸½ºß¤Ë°ìÈֶᤤ
.B !?\fIstring\fR\fB[?]\fR
¤Î¸¡º÷¤Ç»È¤ï¤ì¤¿
.I string
¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B &
.\"O Repeat the previous substitution.
ľÁ°¤ÎÃÖ´¹¤ò·«¤êÊÖ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B g
.\"O Cause changes to be applied over the entire event line.  This is
.\"O used in conjunction with `\fB:s\fP' (e.g., `\fB:gs/\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/\fR')
.\"O or `\fB:&\fP'.  If used with
.\"O `\fB:s\fP', any delimiter can be used
.\"O in place of /, and the final delimiter is optional
.\"O if it is the last character of the event line.
Êѹ¹¤ò¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¹ÔÁ´ÂΤËŬÍѤ·¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤³¤ì¤Ï `\fB:s\fP' ¤ÈÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹
(Îã:`\fB:gs/\fIold\fP/\fInew\fP/\fR')¡£
`\fB:s\fP' ¤È°ì½ï¤Ë»È¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
/ ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤ËǤ°Õ¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
¤Þ¤¿ºÇ¸å¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤¬¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¹Ô¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Îʸ»ú¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢
¤³¤ì¤Ï¾Êά¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£
.PD