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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / LDP_man-pages / draft / man3 / mkstemp.3

.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
.\" and Copyright (C) 2008, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" References consulted:
.\"     Linux libc source code
.\"     Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
.\"     386BSD man pages
.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 18:48:48 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
.\" Modified 980310, aeb
.\" Modified 990328, aeb
.\" 2008-06-19, mtk, Added mkostemp(); various other changes
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997 Kazuyuki Tanisako
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1997-05-17, Kazuyuki Tanisako <tanisako@osa.dec-j.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1997-05-27, Kazuyuki Tanisako <tanisako@osa.dec-j.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1998-02-05, Kazuyuki Tanisako <tanisako@osa.dec-j.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1998-09-27, Kazuyuki Tanisako <tanisako@osa.dec-j.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1999-04-10, Kazuyuki Tanisako <tanisako@osa.dec.com>
.\" Updated 2001-01-17, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2005-02-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2008-08-10, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.05
.\"
.\"WORD:        temporary file  °ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
.\"WORD:        read/write      ¥ê¡¼¥É¡¿¥é¥¤¥È
.\"WORD:        permissions     µö²Ä
.\"
.TH MKSTEMP 3  2008-06-19 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.\"O .SH NAME
.SH ̾Á°
.\"O mkstemp, mkostemp \- create a unique temporary file
mkstemp, mkostemp \- ¾¤È½Å¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤Ì¾Á°¤ò»ý¤Ä°ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë
.\"O .SH SYNOPSIS
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "int mkstemp(char *" template );
.sp
.BI "int mkostemp (char *" template ", int " flags );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
.\"O Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
.\"O .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.BR mkstemp ():
_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
.br
.BR mkostemp ():
_GNU_SOURCE
\"O .SH DESCRIPTION
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR mkstemp ()
.\"O function generates a unique temporary filename from
.\"O .IR template ,
.\"O creates and opens the file,
.\"O and returns an open file descriptor for the file.
´Ø¿ô
.BR mkstemp ()
¤Ï°ú¿ô
.I template
¤«¤é¾¤È½Å¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤°ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤òÀ¸À®¤·¡¢
¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎºîÀ®¤È¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¢
¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¥ª¡¼¥×¥óºÑ¤ß¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

.\"O The last six characters of
.\"O .I template
.\"O must be "XXXXXX" and these are replaced with a string that makes the
.\"O filename unique.
°ú¿ô
.I template
¤Ç»Ø¼¨¤¹¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Î¸å¤í¤Î 6 ʸ»ú¤Ï XXXXXX ¤Ç¤¢¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£
¤³¤ÎÉôʬ¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò¾¤È½Å¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ëʸ»ú¤ÇÃÖ¤­´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O Since it will be modified,
.\"O .I template
.\"O must not be a string constant, but should be declared as a character array.
.I template
¤Ï½ñ¤­´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢Ê¸»úÎóÄê¿ô¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯Ê¸»úÇÛÎó¤È¤·¤Æ
Àë¸À¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

.\"O The file is created with
.\"O permissions 0600, that is, read plus write for owner only.
.\"O (In glibc versions 2.06 and earlier, the file is created with permissions 0666,
.\"O that is, read and write for all users.)
.\"O The returned file descriptor provides both read and write access to the file.
.\"O The file is opened with the
.\"O .BR open (2)
.\"O .B O_EXCL
.\"O flag, guaranteeing that the caller is the process that creates the file.
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ïµö²Ä¥â¡¼¥É 0600 ¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¡¢½êÍ­¼Ô¤Î¤ß¤¬Æɤ߽ñ¤­²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë
(glibc ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.06 °ÊÁ°¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ïµö²Ä¥â¡¼¥É 0666 ¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¡¢
Á´¤Æ¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬Æɤ߽ñ¤­²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿)¡£
ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ç¡¢¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ø¤ÎÆɤ߽ñ¤­Î¾Êý¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¬
²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¼Ô¤¬¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤òÊݾڤ¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï
.BR open (2)
¤Î
.B O_EXCL
¥Õ¥é¥°ÉÕ¤­¤Ç¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

.\"O .BR mkostemp ()
.\"O is like
.\"O .BR mkstemp (),
.\"O with the difference that flags as for
.\"O .BR open (2)
.\"O may be specified in
.\"O .IR flags
.\"O (e.g.,
.\"O .BR O_APPEND ,
.\"O .BR O_SYNC ).
.BR mkostemp ()
¤Ï
.BR mkstemp ()
¤ÈƱÍͤÀ¤¬¡¢
.BR open (2)
¤ËÅϤµ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥é¥°
.RB O_APPEND ,
.B O_SYNC
¤Ê¤É) ¤ò
.I flags
¤Ç»ØÄê¤Ç¤­¤ëÅÀ¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ë
.\"O .SH "RETURN VALUE"
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\"O On success, these functions return the file descriptor
.\"O of the temporary file.
.\"O On error, \-1 is returned, and
.\"O .I errno
.\"O is set appropriately.
À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï°ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢\-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
.I errno
¤òŬÀÚ¤ËÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH ERRORS
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EEXIST
.\"O Could not create a unique temporary filename.
.\"O Now the contents of \fItemplate\fP are undefined.
¤¹¤Ç¤ËƱ¤¸Ì¾Á°¤ò»ý¤Ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤¿¡£
\fItemplate\fP ¤ÎÆâÍƤÏÉÔÄê¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B EINVAL
.\"O The last six characters of \fItemplate\fP were not XXXXXX.
.\"O Now \fItemplate\fP is unchanged.
°ú¿ô \fItemplate\fP ¤Ç»Ø¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÇÛÎó¤Î¸å¤í¤Î 6 ʸ»ú¤¬ XXXXXX ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¡£
\fItemplate\fP ¤ÎÆâÍƤÏÊѲ½¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
.\"O These functions may also fail with any of the errors described for
.\"O .BR open (2).
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR open (2)
¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ç¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH VERSIONS
.SH ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
.\"O .BR mkostemp ()
.\"O is available since glibc 2.7.
.BR mkostemp ()
¤Ï glibc 2.7 °Ê¹ß¤ÇÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
.SH ½àµò
.BR mkstemp ():
4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
.BR mkostemp ():
.\"O is a glibc extension.
glibc ¤Ë¤è¤ë³ÈÄ¥¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O The old behavior of creating a file with mode 0666 may be
.\"O a security risk, especially since other Unix flavors use 0600,
.\"O and somebody might overlook this detail when porting programs.
µö²Ä¥â¡¼¥É 0666 ¤Ç¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¸Å¤¤Æ°ºî¤Ï¡¢
¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¾å¤Î¥ê¥¹¥¯¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¾ì¹ç¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
Æä˾¤Î Unix ¤Ç¤Ïµö²Ä¥â¡¼¥É¤È¤·¤Æ 0600 ¤ò»È¤¦¤¿¤á¡¢
¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò°Ü¿¢¤¹¤ëºÝ¡¢¤³¤ÎºÙ¤«¤Ê°ã¤¤¤ò¸«Íî¤È¤¹²ÄǽÀ­¤¬
¤¢¤ë¤«¤é¤À¡£

.\"O More generally, the POSIX specification of
.\"O .BR mkstemp ()
.\"O does not say anything
.\"O about file modes, so the application should make sure its
.\"O file mode creation mask (see
.\"O .BR umask (2))
.\"O is set appropriately before calling
.\"O .BR mkstemp ()
.\"O (and
.\"O .BR mkostemp ()).
¤è¤ê°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.BR mkstemp ()
¤Î POSIX µ¬Äê¤Ç¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥â¡¼¥É¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ²¿¤â½Ò¤Ù¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
½¾¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï
.BR mkstemp ()
(¤ä
.BR mkostemp ())
¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹Á°¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥â¡¼¥ÉÀ¸À®¥Þ¥¹¥¯
.RB ( umask (2)
»²¾È) ¤¬Å¬ÀÚ¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«³Îǧ¤¹¤ë¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

.\"O The prototype for
.\"O .BR mktemp ()
.\"O is in
.\"O .I <unistd.h>
.\"O for libc4, libc5, glibc1; glibc2 follows POSIX.1 and has the prototype in
.\"O .IR <stdlib.h> .
.BR mktemp ()
¤Î¥×¥í¥È¥¿¥¤¥×Àë¸À¤Ï¡¢libc4, libc5, glibc1 ¤Ç¤Ï
.I <unistd.h>
¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë; glibc2 ¤Ç¤Ï POSIX.1 ¤Ë½àµò¤·
.I <stdlib.h>
¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR mkdtemp (3),
.BR mktemp (3),
.BR tempnam (3),
.BR tmpfile (3),
.BR tmpnam (3)