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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / LDP_man-pages / draft / man3 / tmpnam.3

.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
.\" Japanese Version Copyright 1997 Tenkou N. Hattori <tnh@alpsmap.co.jp>
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" 2003-11-15, aeb, added tmpnam_r
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997 Tenkou N. Hattori
.\"       all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1997-01-18, Tenkou N. Hattori <tnh@alpsmap.co.jp>
.\" Updated 2000-03-15, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@yo.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-03-15, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2006-07-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.36
.\"
.TH TMPNAM 3  2008-08-06 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.\"O .SH NAME
.SH ̾Á°
.\"O tmpnam, tmpnam_r \- create a name for a temporary file
tmpnam, tmpnam_r \- °ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë
.\"O .SH SYNOPSIS
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <stdio.h>
.sp
.BI "char *tmpnam(char *" s );
.fi
.\"O .SH DESCRIPTION
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O function returns a pointer to a string that is a valid filename,
.\"O and such that a file with this name did not exist at some point
.\"O in time, so that naive programmers may think it
.\"O a suitable name for a temporary file.
.\"O If the argument
.\"O .I s
.\"O is NULL this name is generated in an internal static buffer
.\"O and may be overwritten by the next call to
.\"O .BR tmpnam ().
.BR tmpnam ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ë»È¤¨¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¤¢¤ë»þÅÀ¤Ç¤ÏƱ¤¸Ì¾Á°¤ò»ý¤Ä¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢
ÍÄÃÕ¤Ê¥×¥í¥°¥é¥Þ¤Ï¤³¤Îʸ»úÎ󤬰ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤È¤·¤Æ
Ŭ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¹Í¤¨¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
°ú¤­¿ô
.I s
¤¬ NULL ¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î̾Á°¤ÏÆâÉô¤ÎÀÅŪ¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤ËºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¡¢
¼¡¤Ë
.BR tmpnam ()
´Ø¿ô¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ¤Ë¾å½ñ¤­¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O If
.\"O .I s
.\"O is not NULL, the name is copied to the character array (of length
.\"O at least
.\"O .IR L_tmpnam )
.\"O pointed to by
.\"O .I s
.\"O and the value
.\"O .I s
.\"O is returned in case of success.
.I s
¤¬ NULL ¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ï
.I s
¤¬»Ø¤¹ (¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â
.I L_tmpnam
¤ÎŤµ¤ò»ý¤Ä) ʸ»úÇÛÎó¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¡¢
À®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï
.I s
¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.LP
.\"O The pathname that is created, has a directory prefix
.\"O .IR P_tmpdir .
ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Ï¡¢¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ÎÉôʬ¤Ë
.I P_tmpdir
¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O (Both
.\"O .I L_tmpnam
.\"O and
.\"O .I P_tmpdir
.\"O are defined in
.\"O .IR <stdio.h> ,
.\"O just like the
.\"O .B TMP_MAX
.\"O mentioned below.)
.RI ( L_tmpnam
¤È
.I P_tmpdir
¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤¹¤ë
.B TMP_MAX
ƱÍÍ
.I <stdio.h>
¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£)
.\"O .SH "RETURN VALUE"
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O function returns a pointer to a unique temporary
.\"O filename, or NULL if a unique name cannot be generated.
.BR tmpnam ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï°ì°Õ¤Ê°ì»þ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
°ì°Õ¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬ºîÀ®¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï NULL ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.\"O No errors are defined.
¥¨¥é¡¼¤ÏÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
.SH ½àµò
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
.\"O POSIX.1-2008 marks
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O as obsolete.
POSIX.1-2008 ¤Ï
.BR tmpnam ()
¤òÇÑ»ßͽÄê¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O function generates a different string each time it is called,
.\"O up to
.\"O .B TMP_MAX
.\"O times.
.\"O If it is called more than
.\"O .B TMP_MAX
.\"O times,
.\"O the behavior is implementation defined.
.BR tmpnam ()
´Ø¿ô¤ÏºÇÂç
.B TMP_MAX
²ó¤Þ¤Ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ëÅ٤˰ۤʤëʸ»úÎó¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£
.B TMP_MAX
²ó°Ê¾å¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤ÎÆ°ºî¤Ï¼ÂÁõ°Í¸¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.LP
.\"O Although
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O generates names that are difficult to guess,
.\"O it is nevertheless possible that between the time that
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O returns a pathname, and the time that the program opens it,
.\"O another program might create that pathname using
.\"O .BR open (2),
.\"O or create it as a symbolic link.
.\"O This can lead to security holes.
.\"O To avoid such possibilities, use the
.\"O .BR open (2)
.\"O .B O_EXCL
.\"O flag to open the pathname.
.\"O Or better yet, use
.\"O .BR mkstemp (3)
.\"O or
.\"O .BR tmpfile (3).
.BR tmpnam ()
¤Ï¿ä¬¤¬Æñ¤·¤¤Ì¾Á°¤òÀ¸À®¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ë¤â¤«¤«¤ï¤é¤º¡¢
.BR tmpnam ()
¤¬¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤òÊÖ¤·¤Æ¤«¤é¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤¹¤ë
¤Þ¤Ç¤Î´Ö¤Ë¡¢ÊÌ¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬Æ±¤¸¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Ç¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò
.BR open (2)
¤ÇºîÀ®¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òºîÀ®¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
¤³¤ì¤Ï¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¥Û¡¼¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤Ê¤¬¤ë²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê²ÄǽÀ­¤ò²óÈò¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.BR open (2)
¤Î
.B O_EXCL
¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ò¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¡£
¤â¤Ã¤È¤¤¤¤¤Î¤Ï¡¢
.BR mkstemp (3)
¤ä
.BR tmpfile (3)
¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.LP
.\"O Portable applications that use threads cannot call
.\"O .BR tmpnam ()
.\"O with a NULL parameter if either
.\"O .B _POSIX_THREADS
.\"O or
.\"O .B _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
.\"O is defined.
°Ü¿¢À­¤¬É¬Íפʡ¢¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
.B _POSIX_THREADS
¤«
.B _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¡¢
.BR tmpnam ()
´Ø¿ô¤ò NULL °ú¤­¿ô¤Ç¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.LP
.\"O A POSIX draft proposed to use a function
.\"O .BR tmpnam_r ()
.\"O defined by
.\"O .sp
.\"O .nf
.\"O .in +4n
.\"O char *tmpnam_r(char *s) {
.\"O     return s ? tmpnam(s) : NULL;
.\"O }
.\"O .in
.\"O .fi
.\"O .sp
.\"O apparently as a warning not to use NULL.
POSIX Áð°Æ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢´Ø¿ô
.BR tmpnam_r ()
¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤òÄó°Æ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
NULL ¤ò»È¤ï¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤È¤¤¤¦·Ù¹ð¤Î°ÕÌ£¤Ç NULL ¤òÊÌ°·¤¤¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.sp
.nf
.in +4n
char *
tmpnam_r(char *s)
{
    return s ? tmpnam(s) : NULL;
}
.in
.fi
.sp
.\"O A few systems implement it.
.\"O To get a glibc prototype for this function,
.\"O define
.\"O .B _SVID_SOURCE
.\"O or
.\"O .B _BSD_SOURCE
.\"O before including
.\"O .IR <stdio.h> .
¿ô¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò¼ÂÁõ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤â¤¢¤ë¡£
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Î glibc ¤Î¥×¥í¥È¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò»È¤¦¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.I <stdio.h>
¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¯¥ë¡¼¥É¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë
.B _SVID_SOURCE
¤«
.B _BSD_SOURCE
¤òÄêµÁ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH BUGS
.SH ¥Ð¥°
.\"O Never use this function.
.\"O Use
.\"O .BR mkstemp (3)
.\"O or
.\"O .BR tmpfile (3)
.\"O instead.
·è¤·¤Æ¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë
.BR mkstemp (3)
¤«
.BR tmpfile (3)
¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¡£
.\"O .SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR mkstemp (3),
.BR mktemp (3),
.BR tempnam (3),
.BR tmpfile (3)