1 .\" Copyright Andries Brouwer, 2000
3 .\" This page is distributed under GPL.
4 .\" Some fragments of text came from the time-1.7 info file.
5 .\" Inspired by kromJx@crosswinds.net.
7 .\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2008 Akihiro MOTOKI
8 .\" all rights reserved.
9 .\" Translated 2008-11-20, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v3.13
11 .TH TIME 1 2008-11-14 "" "Linux User's Manual"
13 time \- ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î»þ´Ö·×¬¤ä¥ê¥½¡¼¥¹»ÈÍÑÎ̤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë
15 .BI "time [" options "] " command " [" arguments... "] "
18 ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à
20 ¤òÅϤµ¤ì¤¿°ú¤¿ô¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¡£
24 ¤Ï¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¼Â¹Ô»þ´Ö¤ÎÅý·×¾ðÊó¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò
25 ɸ½à¥¨¥é¡¼½ÐÎϤ˽ÐÎϤ¹¤ë¡£
26 ɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ëÅý·×¾ðÊó¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î»°¤Ä¤«¤é¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤ë:
27 (i) µ¯Æ°¤«¤é½ªÎ»¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë·Ð²á¤·¤¿¼Â»þ´Ö (real time)¡¢
37 (iii) ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à CPU »þ´Ö
48 ¤Ê¤É¤Î) ¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤³¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤è¤ê¤â
49 µ¡Ç½¤¬¾¯¤Ê¤¤¡¢ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¤Î
52 ÁȤ߹þ¤ß¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¼ÂºÝ¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
54 ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
58 POSIX ¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ê¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Ç¤¢¤ë
60 "real %f\enuser %f\ensys %f\en"
62 ¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë (³Æ¿ô»ú¤ÏÉÃñ°Ì)¡£
63 %f ¤Î½ÐÎϤǤξ®¿ôÅÀ°Ê²¼¤Î·å¿ô¤Ïµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢
64 ¥¯¥í¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥Æ¥£¥Ã¥¯ (clock tick) ¤ÎÀºÅÙ¤òɽ¤¹¤Î¤Ë½½Ê¬¤Ê·å¿ô¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¢
65 ¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â°ì·å¤Ï¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£
70 ¤Î½ªÎ»¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£
72 ¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï½ªÎ»¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¤Ï 127 ¤Ç¡¢
74 ¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤Ã¤¿¤¬µ¯Æ°¤Ç¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï 126 ¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£
75 ¤³¤ì°Ê³°¤Ç²¿¤«¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢½ªÎ»¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¤Ï
76 0 °Ê³°¤ÎÁ°µ°Ê³°¤ÎÃÍ (1-125) ¤Î²¿¤«¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
90 ¤òõ¤¹¤Î¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Ï½ÐÎÏʸ»ú¤ä½ñ¼°¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
92 °Ê²¼¤Ï GNU 1.7 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
94 ¤ÎÀâÌÀ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤È¤Ï΢ʢ¤Ë¡¢GNU ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï
95 ͱפʾðÊ󤬤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤ë¡£»ÈÍÑ»þ´Ö¤À¤±¤Ç¤Ê¤¯¡¢
96 (¼èÆÀ¤Ç¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï) ¥á¥â¥ê¤ä I/O¡¢IPC ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ê¤É¤Î¾¤Î¥ê¥½¡¼¥¹
97 ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¾ðÊó¤â½ÐÎϤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
98 ½ÐÎϤϥե©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥Èʸ»úÎó¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÀ°·Á¤µ¤ì¡¢
99 ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥Èʸ»úÎó¤Ï \-f ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤«´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô
103 ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥Èʸ»úÎó¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ꡣ
106 %Uuser %Ssystem %Eelapsed %PCPU (%Xtext+%Ddata %Mmax)k
108 %Iinputs+%Ooutputs (%Fmajor+%Rminor)pagefaults %Wswaps
112 \-p ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢(¾¤È¸ß´¹À¤Î¤¢¤ë) ½ÐÎÏ
113 ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
123 .SS "¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥Èʸ»úÎó"
124 ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Ï¤è¤¯¤¢¤ë printf ·Á¼°¤Ç²ò¼á¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
125 Ä̾ï¤Îʸ»ú¤Ï¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¡¢
126 ¥¿¥Ö¡¢²þ¹Ô (newline)¡¢¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ï¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì \et, \en, \e\e ¤Ç
128 ¥Ñ¡¼¥»¥ó¥Èµ¹æ¤Ï %% ¤Çɽ¸½¤µ¤ì¡¢¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î % ¤ÏÊÑ´¹¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£
129 ËöÈø¤Ë¤Ïɬ¤º²þ¹Ôʸ»ú (newline) ¤¬Äɲ䵤ì¤ë¡£
130 ÊÑ´¹¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
132 ¤Ç»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ëÊÑ´¹¤ÏÁ´¤Æ¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
137 ·Ð²á¤·¤¿¼Â»þ´Ö ([hours:]minutes:seconds ¤Î·Á¼°)¡£
140 (tcsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤) ·Ð²á¤·¤¿¼Â»þ´Ö (ÉÃñ°Ì)¡£
143 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥â¡¼¥É¤Ç¾ÃÈñ¤·¤¿ CPU »þ´Ö¤Î¹ç·× (ÉÃñ°Ì)¡£
146 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Ç¾ÃÈñ¤·¤¿ CPU »þ´Ö¤Î¹ç·× (ÉÃñ°Ì)¡£
149 ¤³¤Î¥¸¥ç¥Ö¤¬³ÍÆÀ¤·¤¿ CPU ¤Î³ä¤ê¹ç¤¤ (¥Ñ¡¼¥»¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥¸)¡£
150 (%U + %S) / %E ¤Ç·×»»¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
155 ¥×¥í¥»¥¹À¸Â¸Ãæ¤Î¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î resident set size ¤ÎºÇÂçÃÍ¡£
160 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î resident set size ¤ÎÊ¿¶ÑÃÍ¡£
164 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥á¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤ιç·× (¥Ç¡¼¥¿+¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯+¥Æ¥¥¹¥È) ¤ÎÊ¿¶ÑÃÍ¡£
168 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÈó¶¦Í¥Ç¡¼¥¿Îΰè¤ÎÊ¿¶Ñ¥µ¥¤¥º¡£
173 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÈó¶¦Í¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¶õ´Ö¤ÎÊ¿¶Ñ¥µ¥¤¥º¡£
177 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¶¦Í¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¶õ´Ö¤ÎÊ¿¶Ñ¥µ¥¤¥º¡£
181 (tcsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤) ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥µ¥¤¥º (¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì)¡£
182 ¤³¤ÎÃͤϥ·¥¹¥Æ¥àËè¤Ë·è¤Þ¤ëÄê¿ô¤À¤¬¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤è¤ê°Û¤Ê¤ë¡£
185 ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÆ°ºîÃæ¤ËȯÀ¸¤·¤¿¥á¥¸¥ã¡¼¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î²ó¿ô¡£
186 ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤«¤é¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤òÆɤ߹þ¤àɬÍפ¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ë
190 ¥Þ¥¤¥Ê¡¼¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥Õ¥©¡¼¥ë¥È¡¢¤Ä¤Þ¤ê²óÉü²Äǽ¤Ê¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î²ó¿ô¡£
191 ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ï͸ú¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢¤Þ¤À¾¤Î²¾ÁÛ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ËÃ¥¤ï¤ì¤Æ
192 ¤¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
195 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¼çµ²±¤«¤é¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥¢¥¦¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿²ó¿ô¡£
198 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ (¥¿¥¤¥à¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤Î·Ð²á¤Ë¤è¤ê) ¶¯À©Åª¤Ë¥³¥ó¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¥¹¥¤¥Ã¥Á
202 wait ¤Î²ó¿ô¡¢¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬¼«È¯Åª¤Ë¥³¥ó¥Æ¥¥¹¥È¥¹¥¤¥Ã¥Á¤µ¤ì¤¿²ó¿ô¡£
203 Î㤨¤Ð¡¢I/O Áàºî¤Î´°Î»¤òÂԤäƤ¤¤ë´Ö¤Ê¤É¤¬³ºÅö¤¹¤ë¡£
208 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤è¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤é¤ÎÆþÎϤβó¿ô¡£
211 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤è¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ø¤Î½ÐÎϤβó¿ô¡£
214 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¼õ¿®¤·¤¿¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¿ô¡£
217 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬Á÷¿®¤·¤¿¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¿ô¡£
220 ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÇÛÁ÷¤µ¤ì¤¿¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¿ô¡£
223 (tcsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤) time ¤ÎÂоݤȤʤä¿¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É̾¤È¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó°ú¤¿ô¡£
226 (tcsh ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î½ªÎ»¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¡£
229 .BI "\-f " FORMAT ", \-\-format=" FORMAT
230 ½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
233 ¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤è¤ê¤âÍ¥À褵¤ì¤ë¡£
235 .B "\-p, \-\-portability"
236 ¾¤Î time ¤È¸ß´¹À¤Î¤¢¤ë½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡£
238 .BI "\-o " FILE ", \-\-output=" FILE
239 ·ë²Ì¤ò \fIstderr\fP ¤ËÁ÷¤é¤º¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤¹þ¤à¡£
240 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¾å½ñ¤¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
243 (\-o ¤È°ì½ï¤Ë»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡£)
244 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¾å½ñ¤¤»¤º¤Ë¡¢·ë²Ì¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëËöÈø¤ËÄɲ乤롣
246 .B "\-v, \-\-verbose"
247 Èó¾ï¤Ë¾Ü¤·¤¤½ÐÎϤǡ¢Æþ¼ê¤Ç¤¤ëÁ´¤Æ¤Î¾ðÊó¤ò½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë¡£
248 .SS "GNU ɸ½à¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó"
251 »ÈÍÑÊýË¡¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤËɽ¼¨¤·¡¢Àµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
253 .B "\-V, \-\-version"
254 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¾ðÊó¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤËɽ¼¨¤·¡¢Àµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
257 ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¥ê¥¹¥È¤ÎËöÈø¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£
259 Á´¤Æ¤Î¥ê¥½¡¼¥¹¤¬ Unix ¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç·×¬¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢
260 ¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤ÎÃͤ¬ 0 ¤ÈÊó¹ð¤µ¤ì¤ë²ÄǽÀ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
261 ¸½ºß¤Î½ÐÎϹàÌܤΤۤȤó¤É¤Ï 4.2BSD ¤ä 4.3BSD ¤Ç¼èÆÀ²Äǽ¤Ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ë
262 ´ð¤Å¤¤¤ÆÁªÂò¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
264 GNU time ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 1.7 ¤Ï¤Þ¤À¥í¡¼¥«¥é¥¤¥º¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
265 ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢POSIX ¤ÎÍ×·ï¤ò¼ÂÁõ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
268 ¤È¤¤¤¦´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤Ï̾Á°¤ÎÁªÂò¤¬¤Þ¤º¤¤¡£
272 ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¾å½ñ¤¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤½¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Î
273 ̾Á°¤Î´Ä¶ÊÑ¿ô¤ò»È¤¦¤Î¤¬ÄÁ¤·¤¯¤Ê¤¤¡£
274 MORE ¤ä TIME ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê̾Á°¤ò (¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î»ØÄê¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯)
275 ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ø¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤Î¤Ë»È¤¦¤È¡¢
276 ÌÌÅݤʤ³¤È¤ò°ú¤µ¯¤³¤¹²ÄǽÀ¤¬¹â¤¤¡£
278 \-o ¤¬Äɵ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¾å½ñ¤¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ï»ÄÇ°¤Ê¤³¤È¤À
279 (¤Ä¤Þ¤ê \-a ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ù¤¤À¤í¤¦¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤À)¡£
283 ¤ËÂФ¹¤ëÄó°Æ¤ä¥Ð¥°¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Ï
285 .I bug\-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu
287 ¤Þ¤Ç¥á¡¼¥ë¤òÁ÷¤Ã¤Æ¤Û¤·¤¤¡£
290 ¤ä OS¡¢»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë C ¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥é¤Î
291 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤òµºÜ¤·¤Æ¤Û¤·¤¤¡£
293 ¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç¼èÆÀ¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
299 .\" .IP "David Keppel"
301 .\" .IP "David MacKenzie"
302 .\" POSIXization, autoconfiscation, GNU getoptization,
303 .\" documentation, other bug fixes and improvements.
304 .\" .IP "Arne Henrik Juul"
305 .\" Helped with portability
306 .\" .IP "Francois Pinard"
307 .\" Helped with portability