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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / LDP_man-pages / release / man2 / bind.2

.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright 1993 Rickard E. Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
.\" Portions extracted from /usr/include/sys/socket.h, which does not have
.\" any authorship information in it.  It is probably available under the GPL.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\"
.\" Other portions are from the 6.9 (Berkeley) 3/10/91 man page:
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1983 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" Modified Mon Oct 21 23:05:29 EDT 1996 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
.\" Modified 1998 by Andi Kleen
.\" $Id: bind.2,v 1.3 1999/04/23 19:56:07 freitag Exp $
.\" Modified 2004-06-23 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1996 Yosiaki Yanagihara
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1996-06-25, Yosiaki Yanagihara <yosiaki@bsd2.kbnes.nec.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1997-11-06, HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Modified 1999-08-02, HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-02-03, Yuichi SATO <ysato444@yahoo.co.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-12-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2006-07-19, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.36
.\" Updated 2007-06-13, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.55
.\" Updated 2008-02-10, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.77
.\"
.TH BIND 2 2007-12-28 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
bind \- ¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ë̾Á°¤ò¤Ä¤±¤ë
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.BR "#include <sys/types.h>" "          /* ¡ÖÃí°Õ¡×»²¾È */"
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.sp
.BI "int bind(int " sockfd ", const struct sockaddr *" addr ,
.BI "         socklen_t " addrlen );
.fi
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR socket (2)
¤Ç¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿¤È¤­¡¢¤½¤Î¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ï̾Á°¶õ´Ö (¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¡¦¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼) ¤Ë
¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¢¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ï³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.BR bind ()
¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿
.I sockfd
¤Ç»²¾È¤µ¤ì¤ë¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ë
.I addr
¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤ë¡£
.I addrlen
¤Ë¤Ï
.I addr
¤¬»Ø¤¹¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¹½Â¤ÂΤΥµ¥¤¥º¤ò¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì¤Ç»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ë¤³¤ÎÁàºî¤Ï
¡Ö¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ë̾Á°¤ò¤Ä¤±¤ë¡×
¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
.B SOCK_STREAM
¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬Àܳ¤ò¼õ¤±ÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï
.RB ( accept (2)
¤ò»²¾È)¡¢Ä̾綠¤ÎÁ°¤Ë
.BR bind ()
¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£

̾Á°ÉÕ¤±¤Î¥ë¡¼¥ë¤Ï¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¡¦¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤´¤È¤Ë°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¾ÜºÙ¤Ê¾ðÊó¤Ï
Âè 7 ¾Ï¤Î³Æ¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
.B AF_INET
¤Ï
.BR ip (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_INET6
¤Ï
.BR ipv6 (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_UNIX
¤Ï
.BR unix (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_APPLETALK
¤Ï
.BR ddp (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_PACKET
¤Ï
.BR packet (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_X25
¤Ï
.BR x25 (7)
¤ò¡¢
.B AF_NETLINK
¤Ï
.BR netlink (7)
¤ò»²¾È¡£

.I addr
°ú¤­¿ô¤Ë¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¹½Â¤ÂΤ¬ÅϤµ¤ì¤ë¤«¤Ï¡¢
¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¡¦¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤Ë°Í¸¤¹¤ë¡£
.I sockaddr
¹½Â¤ÂΤϰʲ¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê´¶¤¸¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë:
.in +4n
.nf

struct sockaddr {
    sa_family_t sa_family;
    char        sa_data[14];
}

.fi
.in
¤³¤Î¹½Â¤ÂΤϡ¢
.I addr
¤ËÅϤµ¤ì¤ë¹½Â¤ÂΤؤΥݥ¤¥ó¥¿¤ò¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤·¡¢
¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥é¤Î·Ù¹ð¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤òÍÞ¤¨¤ë¤¿¤á¤À¤±¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£
²¼µ­¤Î¡ÖÎã¡×¤ò»²¾È¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È 0 ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
.I errno
¤òŬÀÚ¤ËÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EACCES
.\" e.g., privileged port in AF_INET domain
¤½¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ÏÊݸ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢¤«¤Ä¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B EADDRINUSE
»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬´û¤Ë»ÈÍÑÃæ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B EBADF
.I sockfd
¤¬ÉÔÀµ¤Ê¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B EINVAL
¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ë·ë¤Ó¤Ä¤± (bind) ¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\" ¤³¤ì¤Ï¾­ÍèÊѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\" ¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï
.\" .I linux/unix/sock.c
.\" ¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
.B ENOTSOCK
.I sockfd
¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ç¡¢¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
°Ê²¼¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ï Unix¥É¥á¥¤¥ó
.RB ( AF_UNIX )
¤Î¥½¥±¥Ã¥ÈÆÃÍ­¤Ç¤¢¤ë:
.TP
.B EACCES
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î¹½À®Í×ÁǤ˸¡º÷µö²Ä (search permission) ¤¬¤Ê¤¤
.RB ( path_resolution (7)
¤â»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È)¡£
.TP
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¥¤¥ó¥¿¥Õ¥§¡¼¥¹¤¬Í׵ᤵ¤ì¤¿¤«¡¢Í׵ᤵ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬
¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EFAULT
.I addr
¤¬¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹²Äǽ¤Ê¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤Î³°¤ò»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.TP
.B EINVAL
.I addrlen
¤¬ÉÔÀµ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤«¡¢¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤¬
.B AF_UNIX
¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ELOOP
.I addr
¤ò²ò·è¤¹¤ëºÝ¤ËÁø¶ø¤·¤¿¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤¬Â¿²á¤®¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENAMETOOLONG
.I addr
¤¬Ä¹²á¤®¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENOENT
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ENOMEM
¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë¡¢ÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ê¥á¥â¥ê¡¼¤¬½½Ê¬¤Ë¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ENOTDIR
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î¹½À®Í×ÁǤ¬¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B EROFS
¥½¥±¥Ã¥È inode ¤¬Æɤ߹þ¤ßÀìÍѤΥե¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ½àµò
SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001
.RB ( bind ()
¤Ï 4.2BSD ¤ÇºÇ½é¤Ë¸½¤ï¤ì¤¿)¡£
.\" SVr4 ¤Ë¤Ï¾¤Ë¡¢°ìÈ̤Υ¨¥é¡¼¾õÂÖ
.\" .B ENOSR
.\" µÚ¤Ó Unix ¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¾õÂÖ
.\" .BR EIO ,
.\" .B EISDIR
.\" ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Îµ­½Ò¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH Ãí°Õ
POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ç¤Ï
.I <sys/types.h>
¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¯¥ë¡¼¥É¤Ïɬ¿Ü¤È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤é¤º¡¢
Linux ¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÏɬÍפǤϤʤ¤¡£
¤·¤«¤·¡¢Îò»ËŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¼ÂÁõ (BSD ·Ï) ¤Ç¤³¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬
ɬÍפǤ¢¤ê¡¢°Ü¿¢À­¤¬É¬Íפʥ¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò
¥¤¥ó¥¯¥ë¡¼¥É¤¹¤ë¤Î¤¬¸­ÌÀ¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¡£

.BR bind ()
¤Î»°ÈÖÌܤΰú¤­¿ô¤Ï (4.x BSD ¤ä libc4, libc5 ¤ÈƱÍͤË) ¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï
.I int
¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£glibc ¤Ç¤â»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¸½ºß¤Î
.I socklen_t
¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¡¢POSIX ¤Ë¤Ï¾¯¤·º®Í𤬤¢¤ë¡£
¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï
.BR accept (2)
¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
.SH ¥Ð¥°
Æ©²áŪ¥×¥í¥­¥· (transparent proxy) ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æµ­½Ò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\" FIXME What *are* transparent proxy options?
.SH Îã
¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¡¦¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¡¦¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤Ç¤Î
.BR bind ()
¤ÎÍøÍÑÎ㤬
.BR getaddrinfo (3)
¤Ëµ­ºÜ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

°Ê²¼¤ÎÎã¤Ï¡¢Unix ¥É¥á¥¤¥ó
.RB ( AF_UNIX )
¤Ç¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¤ò bind ¤¹¤ëÊýË¡¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.\" listen.7 refers to this example.
.\" accept.7 refers to this example.
.\" unix.7 refers to this example.

.nf
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MY_SOCK_PATH "/somepath"
#define LISTEN_BACKLOG 50

#define handle_error(msg) \\
    do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int sfd, cfd;
    struct sockaddr_un my_addr, peer_addr;
    socklen_t peer_addr_size;

    sfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (sfd == \-1)
        handle_error("socket");

    memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
                        /* Clear structure */
    my_addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
    strncpy(my_addr.sun_path, MY_SOCK_PATH,
            sizeof(my_addr.sun_path) \- 1);

    if (bind(sfd, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr,
            sizeof(struct sockaddr_un)) == \-1)
        handle_error("bind");
    
    if (listen(sfd, LISTEN_BACKLOG) == \-1)
        handle_error("listen");

    /* Now we can accept incoming connections one
       at a time using accept(2) */

    peer_addr_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_un);
    cfd = accept(sfd, (struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
                 &peer_addr_size)
    if (cfd == \-1)
        handle_error("accept");

    /* Code to deal with incoming connection(s)... */

    /* When no longer required, the socket pathname, MY_SOCK_PATH
       should be deleted using unlink(2) or remove(3) */
}
.fi
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR accept (2),
.BR connect (2),
.BR getsockname (2),
.BR listen (2),
.BR socket (2),
.BR getaddrinfo (3),
.BR getifaddrs (3),
.BR ip (7),
.BR ipv6 (7),
.BR path_resolution (7),
.BR socket (7),
.BR unix (7)