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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / LDP_man-pages / release / man3 / getnameinfo.3

.\" This page is in the public domain.
.\" Almost all details are from RFC 2553.
.\"
.\" 2004-12-14, mtk, Added EAI_OVERFLOW error
.\" 2004-12-14 Fixed description of error return
.\"
.\" Translated 2005-02-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2007-01-07, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.43
.\" Updated 2008-08-11, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.05
.\" Updated 2010-04-10, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.24
.\"
.TH GETNAMEINFO 3 2009-12-03 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
getnameinfo \- ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤«¤é̾Á°¤Ø¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤ò¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Ê¤¤¤«¤¿¤Á¤Ç¹Ô¤¦
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.B #include <netdb.h>
.sp
.BI "int getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *" "sa" ", socklen_t " "salen" ,
.BI "                char *" "host" ", size_t " "hostlen" ,
.BI "                char *" "serv" ", size_t " "servlen" ", int " "flags" );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.ad l
.in
.sp
.BR getnameinfo ():
_POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE
.ad b
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR getnameinfo ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢
.BR getaddrinfo (3)
¤ÎµÕ¤ÎÆ°ºî¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Ê¤¤¤«¤¿¤Á¤Ç
¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤«¤éÂбþ¤¹¤ë¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤Ø¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR gethostbyaddr (3)
¤È
.BR getservbyport (3)
¤Îµ¡Ç½¤ò°ì¤Ä¤Ë¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤À¤¬¡¢
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤È°ã¤¤¡¢
.BR getnameinfo (3)
¤Ï¥ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥é¥ó¥È¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢IPv4 ¤È IPv6 ¤Îº¹Ê¬¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Ê¤¤¤«¤¿¤Á¤Ç
¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò½ñ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£

.I sa
°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï¡¢
IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤È¥Ý¡¼¥ÈÈÖ¹æ¤Î¾ðÊó¤òÊÝ»ý¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë
ÈÆÍÑŪ¤Ê¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¹½Â¤ÂÎ
.RI ( sockaddr_in
·¿¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
.I sockaddr_in6
·¿) ¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.I salen
¤Ï
.I sa
¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.I host
¤È
.I serv
°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï¡¢(¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¥µ¥¤¥º¤¬
.I hostlen
¤È
.I servlen
¤Î) ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·Â¦¤Ç³ÎÊݤµ¤ì¤¿¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢
¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾¤ò´Þ¤à NULL ½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤¬
¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤Ë³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤¬ÉÔÍפǤ¢¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ËÅÁ¤¨¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.I host
¤Ë NULL ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤«¡¢
.I hostlen
¤Ë 0 ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£Æ±Íͤˡ¢¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾¤¬ÉÔÍפʾì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
.I serv
¤Ë NULL ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤«¡¢
.I servlen
¤Ë 0 ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
¤·¤«¤·¡¢¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾¤ÎξÊý¤òÉÔÍפÀ¤È»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤
(¤¤¤º¤ì¤«°ìÊý¤ÏÍ׵᤹¤ë¤³¤È)¡£

.I flags
°ú¤­¿ô¤Ç
.BR getnameinfo ()
¤ÎÆ°ºî¤òÊѤ¨¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£»ØÄê¤Ç¤­¤ëÃͤϰʲ¼¤ÎÄ̤ê:
.TP
.B NI_NAMEREQD
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤¬·èÄê¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B NI_DGRAM
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¥Ù¡¼¥¹ (TCP) ¤Ç¤Ê¤¯¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥°¥é¥à¥Ù¡¼¥¹ (UDP)
¤Î¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤òÂоݤˤ¹¤ë¡£¿ô¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢
UDP ¤È TCP ¤Ç°ã¤¦¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤òÄ󶡤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ý¡¼¥È
(512-514) ¤ËÂФ·¤ÆɬÍפȤʤ롣
.TP
.B NI_NOFQDN
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Ê¥Û¥¹¥È¤Ë¤Ï fully qualified domain name (FQDN) ¤Î
¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤ÎÉôʬ¤Î¤ß¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.TP
.B NI_NUMERICHOST
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢¿ôÃÍ·Á¼°¤Î¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.\" Î㤨¤Ð
.\" .BR gethostbyaddr ()
.\" ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë
.\" .BR inet_ntop ()
.\" ¤ò¸Æ¤Ö
(»ØÄꤷ¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤â¡¢¥Î¡¼¥É¤Î̾Á°¤¬·èÄê¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¿ôÃÍ·Á¼°¤¬Ê֤뤳¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë)¡£
.\" POSIX.1-2003 has NI_NUMERICSCOPE, but glibc doesn't have it.
.TP
.B NI_NUMERICSERV
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢¿ôÃÍ·Á¼°¤Î¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾ (Î㤨¤Ð¥Ý¡¼¥ÈÈÖ¹æ) ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë
(»ØÄꤷ¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤â¡¢¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾¤¬·èÄê¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¿ôÃÍ·Á¼°¤¬Ê֤뤳¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë)¡£
.SS "¹ñºÝ²½¥É¥á¥¤¥ó̾¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î getnameinfo() ¤Î³ÈÄ¥"
.PP
glibc 2.3.4 ¤«¤é¡¢
.BR getnameinfo ()
¤Ë³ÈÄ¥¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¡¢¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤È
¹ñºÝ²½¥É¥á¥¤¥ó̾ (Internationalized Domain Name; IDN) ·Á¼°¤È¤Î´Ö¤Ç
Æ©²áŪ¤ÊÊÑ´¹¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë
(IDN ·Á¼°¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï RFC 3490 ¤Î
.I "Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)"
¤ò»²¾È)¡£3¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤¬¿·¤¿¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë:
.TP
.B NI_IDN
¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¡¢É¬ÍפǤ¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢¸¡º÷½èÍý¤Ç¸«¤Ä¤«¤Ã¤¿Ì¾Á°¤Ï
IDN ·Á¼°¤«¤é¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Ë±þ¤¸¤¿Éä¹æ²½·Á¼°¤ËÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
ASCII ʸ»ú¤À¤±¤Î̾Á°¤Ï¤³¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤Ç¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤Ê¤¤¡£¤³¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢
´û¸¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ä´Ä¶­¤Ç¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
.TP
.BR NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED ", " NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢IDNA ½èÍý¤Ç»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥é¥°
IDNA_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED (̤³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤Î Unicode ¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤òµöÍÆ) ¤È
IDNA_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES (½ÐÎϤ¬ STD3 ½àµò¤Î¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤«¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤¹¤ë)
¤¬¤½¤ì¤¾¤ìÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\" FIXME glibc defines the following additional errors, some which
.\" can probably be returned by getnameinfo(); they need to
.\" be documented.
.\" #ifdef __USE_GNU
.\" #define EAI_INPROGRESS  -100  /* Processing request in progress.  */
.\" #define EAI_CANCELED    -101  /* Request canceled.  */
.\" #define EAI_NOTCANCELED -102  /* Request not canceled.  */
.\" #define EAI_ALLDONE     -103  /* All requests done.  */
.\" #define EAI_INTR        -104  /* Interrupted by a signal.  */
.\" #define EAI_IDN_ENCODE  -105  /* IDN encoding failed.  */
.\" #endif
À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È 0 ¤¬Ê֤ꡢ(Í׵ᤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð) ¥Î¡¼¥É¤È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤Î̾Á°¤¬
NULL ½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Î·Á¼°¤Ç¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î»ØÄê¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤ËÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë
(¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤ÎŤµ¤Ë¤¢¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë½Ì¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤)¡£
¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î 0 °Ê³°¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¡¦¥³¡¼¥É¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë:
.TP
.B EAI_AGAIN
»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿Ì¾Á°¤¬¸½»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Ï²ò·è¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
¸å¤ÇºÆ»î¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤ß¤ë¤³¤È¡£
.TP
.B EAI_BADFLAGS
.I flags
°ú¤­¿ô¤ËÉÔÀµ¤ÊÃͤ¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EAI_FAIL
²óÉü¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EAI_FAMILY
»ØÄꤷ¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤¬Ç§¼±¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ÎŤµ¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤Ë¹ç¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EAI_MEMORY
¥á¥â¥ê¤¬Â­¤ê¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B EAI_NONAME
Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤Ç¤Ï̾Á°¤¬²ò·è¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¡£
.B NI_NAMEREQD
¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤¬¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤¬·èÄê¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤«¡¢
¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤â¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹Ì¾¤âÍ׵ᤵ¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EAI_OVERFLOW
.I host
¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
.I serv
¤¬»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤¬¾®¤µ¤¹¤®¤¿¡£
.TP
.B EAI_SYSTEM
¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬µ¯¤Ã¤¿¡£
¥¨¥é¡¼¥³¡¼¥É¤Ï
.I errno
¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
.BR gai_strerror (3)
´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤¦¤È¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¡¦¥³¡¼¥É¤ò¡¢¥¨¥é¡¼¡¦¥ì¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ËŬ¤·¤¿
¿Í´Ö¤¬Æɤߤ䤹¤¤Ê¸»úÎó¤ËËÝÌõ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤ë¡£
.SH ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
/etc/hosts
.br
/etc/nsswitch.conf
.br
/etc/resolv.conf
.SH ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
.BR getnameinfo ()
¤Ï¡¢glibc ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.1 °Ê¹ß¤ÇÄ󶡤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.SH ½àµò
RFC\ 2553, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH Ãí°Õ
ŬÀڤʥХåե¡¥µ¥¤¥º¤òÁªÂò¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢
.I <netdb.h>
¤Ë°Ê²¼¤ÎÄê¿ô¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.in +4n
.nf

#define NI_MAXHOST      1025
#define NI_MAXSERV      32
.fi
.in

glibc 2.8 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í
.BR _BSD_SOURCE ,
.BR _SVID_SOURCE ,
.BR _GNU_SOURCE
¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Î¤ß¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
Á°¼Ô¤Ï¡¢ºÇ¶á¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î BIND ¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
.I <arpa/nameser.h>
Ãæ¤ÎÄê¿ô
.B MAXDNAME
¤ÈƱ¤¸ÃͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
¸å¼Ô¤Ï¡¢³ä¤êÅö¤ÆºÑ¤Î¿ôÃͤˤĤ¤¤Æµ­¤·¤¿¸½ºß¤Î RFC ¤Ë
Îóµó¤µ¤ì¤Æ¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤«¤é¿äÎ̤·¤¿ÃͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
.SH Îã
°Ê²¼¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ËÂФ¹¤ë
¥Û¥¹¥È¤È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤Î¿ôÃÍɽ¼°¤ò¼èÆÀ¤·¤è¤¦¤È»î¤ß¤ë¡£
ÆÃÄê¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤ËÂФ¹¤ë»²¾È¾ðÊó¤Ï
°ìÀڥϡ¼¥É¥³¡¼¥É¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤ËÃåÌܤ·¤Æ¤Û¤·¤¤¡£

.in +4n
.nf
struct sockaddr *sa;    /* input */
socklen_t len;          /* input */
char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];

if (getnameinfo(sa, len, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), sbuf,
            sizeof(sbuf), NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV) == 0)
    printf("host=%s, serv=%s\en", hbuf, sbuf);
.fi
.in

°Ê²¼¤Ç¤Ï¥½¥±¥Ã¥È¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ë
µÕ¸þ¤­¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¤«¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

.in +4n
.nf
struct sockaddr *sa;    /* input */
socklen_t len;          /* input */
char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];

if (getnameinfo(sa, len, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
            NULL, 0, NI_NAMEREQD))
    printf("could not resolve hostname");
else
    printf("host=%s\en", hbuf);
.fi
.in
.PP
.BR getnameinfo ()
¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥àÎ㤬
.BR getaddrinfo (3)
¤Ëµ­ºÜ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR accept (2),
.BR getpeername (2),
.BR getsockname (2),
.BR recvfrom (2),
.BR socket (2),
.BR getaddrinfo (3),
.BR gethostbyaddr (3),
.BR getservbyname (3),
.BR getservbyport (3),
.BR inet_ntop (3),
.BR hosts (5),
.BR services (5),
.BR hostname (7),
.BR named (8)
.LP
R. Gilligan, S. Thomson, J. Bound and W. Stevens,
.IR "Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6" ,
RFC\ 2553, March 1999.
.LP
Tatsuya Jinmei and Atsushi Onoe,
.IR "An Extension of Format for IPv6 Scoped Addresses" ,
internet draft, work in progress.
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet\-drafts/draft\-ietf\-ipngwg\-scopedaddr\-format\-02.txt
.LP
Craig Metz,
.IR "Protocol Independence Using the Sockets API" ,
Proceedings of the freenix track:
2000 USENIX annual technical conference, June 2000.
http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/usenix2000/freenix/metzprotocol.html