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.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" References consulted:
.\"     Linux libc source code
.\"     Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
.\"     386BSD man pages
.\" Modified Sun Jul 25 10:53:39 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
.\" Added correction due to nsd@bbc.com (Nick Duffek) - aeb, 950610
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 AKAMATSU, Kazuo
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Thu Jan 9 21:00:00 JST 1999
.\"         by AKAMATSU, Kazuo
.\" Updated Sun Apr  8 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Sat Mar 23 JST 2002 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated & Modified 2006-07-20,
.\"         Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.36
.\"
.\" WORD:       base            ´ð¿ô
.\"
.TH STRTOL 3  2007-07-26 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
strtol, strtoll, strtoq \- ʸ»úÎó¤ò long int ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "long int strtol(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base );
.sp
.BI "long long int strtoll(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr \
", int " base );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.ad l
.BR strtoll ():
XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600 || _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _ISOC99_SOURCE; or
.I cc\ -std=c99
.ad b
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR strtol ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢ \fInptr\fP ¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ÎºÇ½é¤ÎÉôʬ¤ò¡¢
\fIbase\fP ¤ò´ð¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ long int ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
¤³¤Î \fIbase\fP ¤Ï 2 ¤«¤é 36 ¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÃÍ
¤¢¤ë¤¤¤ÏÆÃÊ̤ʰÕÌ£¤ò»ý¤ÄÃÍ 0 ¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
ʸ»úÎó¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Ç¤°Õ¤Î¿ô¤Î¶õÇò¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤è¤¯ (¶õÇò¤Ï
.BR isspace (3)
¤ÇȽÄꤵ¤ì¤ë)¡¢¤Þ¤¿¿ô»ú¤ÎľÁ°¤Ë¤Ï \(aq+\(aq ¤« \(aq\-\(aq ¤Î
Éä¹æ¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤¡£
\fIbase\fP ¤¬ 0 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 16 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Ê¸»úÎó¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë "0x" ¤òÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬
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¤³¤ì°Ê³°¤Îʸ»úÎó¤Ç \fIbase\fP ¤¬ 0 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
ʸ»úÎó¤¬ \(aq0\(aq ¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¤È¤­¤Ï 8¿Ê¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢
¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î¤È¤­¤Ï 10¿Ê¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
¿ô»ú¤òɽ¤¹Ê¸»úÎó¤Ï
.I long int
¤ËÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¢´ð¿ô¤ËÂФ·¤Æ
Í­¸ú¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¿ô»ú¤¬¸½¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤ÇÊÑ´¹¤Ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£(11¿Ê¿ô°Ê¾å¤Ç¤Ï \(aqA\(aq ¤Ï
Âçʸ»ú¡¦¾®Ê¸»ú¤Ë´Ø¤ï¤é¤º 10 ¤òɽ¤·¡¢ \(aqB\(aq ¤Ï 11 ¤òɽ¸½¤·¡¢
°Ê²¼Æ±Íͤˡ¢ \(aqZ\(aq ¤Ï 35 ¤òɽ¤¹¡£)
.PP
\fIendptr\fP ¤¬¥Ì¥ëÃÍ (NULL) ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ºÇ½é¤Ë¸½¤ì¤¿ÉÔÀµ¤Êʸ»ú¤¬
.BR strtol ()
¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ \fI*endptr\fP ¤ËÊݸ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
ʸ»úÎó¤ËÍ­¸ú¤Ê¿ô»ú¤¬¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤â¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢
.BR strtol ()
¤Ï \fInptr\fP
¤Î¸µ¤ÎÃͤò \fI*endptr\fP ¤ËÂåÆþ¤¹¤ë (¤½¤·¤Æ 0 ¤òÊÖ¤¹)¡£
Æäˡ¢\fI*nptr\fP ¤¬ \(aq\\0\(aq °Ê³°¤Ç¡¢ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤¿ \fI**endptr\fP ¤¬
\(aq\\0\(aq ¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢Ê¸»úÎóÁ´ÂΤ¬Í­¸ú¤À¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
.PP
.BR strtoll ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR strtol ()
¤ÈƱÍͤÀ¤¬¡¢long long int ·¿¤ÎÃͤòÊÖ¤¹¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤â¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤âµ¯¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
.BR strtol ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï
ÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤¿ÃͤòÊÖ¤¹¡£¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï
.B LONG_MAX
¤¬Ê֤ꡢ
¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï
.B LONG_MIN
¤¬Ê֤롣¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¡¢
¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤â
Âç°èÊÑ¿ô \fIerrno\fP ¤Ë¤Ï
.B ERANGE
¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£
.BR strtoll ()
¤âƱÍͤǤ¢¤ë¤¬¡¢
.B LONG_MIN
¤È
.B LONG_MAX
¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë
.B LLONG_MIN
¤È
.B LLONG_MAX
¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EINVAL
(C99 ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤)
.I base
¤¬Âбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ÃͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ERANGE
·ë²Ì¤ÎÃͤ¬Èϰϳ°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.LP
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\fIerrno\fP ¤Ë \fBEINVAL\fP ¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ½àµò
.BR strtol ()
¤Ï SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99 ¤È POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ë½àµò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.BR strtoll ()
¤Ï C99 ¤È POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ë½àµò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.SH Ãí°Õ
.B strtol ()
¤«¤é¤ÏÀ®¸ù¡¢¼ºÇԤɤÁ¤é¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â
0,
.BR LONG_MAX ,
.B LONG_MIN
.RB ( strtoll ()
¤Ç¤Ï
.BR LLONG_MAX ,
.BR LLONG_MIN )
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¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï´Ø¿ô¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹Á°¤Ë
.I errno
¤ò 0 ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸å¤Ë
.I errno
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ɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£

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.LP
BSD ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.sp
.in +4n
.nf
.BI "quad_t strtoq(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base );
.sp
.in
.fi
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.BR strtoll ()
¤«
.BR strtol ()
¤ÈÅù²Á¤È¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH Îã
°Ê²¼¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï
.BR strtol ()
¤Î»ÈÍÑÎã¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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.BR strtol ()
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(¾Êά²Äǽ¤Ê) ÆóÈÖÌܤΰú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤Ï
ÊÑ´¹¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë´ð¿ô¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë
(¤³¤Î°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï
.BR atoi (3)
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.BR atoi (3)
¤Ï
.BR strtol ()
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¤½¤ÎÃæ¤Ç¤Ï¥¨¥é¡¼¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤Ï¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤)¡£
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.in +4n
.nf

.RB "$" " ./a.out 123"
strtol() returned 123
.RB "$" " ./a.out \(aq    123\(aq"
strtol() returned 123
.RB "$" " ./a.out 123abc"
strtol() returned 123
Further characters after number: abc
.RB "$" " ./a.out 123abc 55"
strtol: Invalid argument
.RB "$" " ./a.out \(aq\(aq"
No digits were found
.RB "$" " ./a.out 4000000000"
strtol: Numerical result out of range
.fi
.in
.SS ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹
\&
.nf
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int base;
    char *endptr, *str;
    long val;

    if (argc < 2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s str [base]\\n", argv[0]);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    str = argv[1];
    base = (argc > 2) ? atoi(argv[2]) : 10;

    errno = 0;    /* To distinguish success/failure after call */
    val = strtol(str, &endptr, base);

    /* Check for various possible errors */

    if ((errno == ERANGE && (val == LONG_MAX || val == LONG_MIN))
            || (errno != 0 && val == 0)) {
        perror("strtol");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    if (endptr == str) {
        fprintf(stderr, "No digits were found\\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    /* If we got here, strtol() successfully parsed a number */

    printf("strtol() returned %ld\\n", val);

    if (*endptr != \(aq\\0\(aq)        /* Not necessarily an error... */
        printf("Further characters after number: %s\\n", endptr);

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
.fi
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR atof (3),
.BR atoi (3),
.BR atol (3),
.BR strtod (3),
.BR strtoul (3)