2 .\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2000-2003 Yuichi SATO
3 .\" all rights reserved.
4 .\" Translated Wed Dec 20 19:01:03 JST 2000
5 .\" by Yuichi SATO <sato@complex.eng.hokudai.ac.jp>
6 .\" Updated & Modified Tue Apr 29 20:36:04 JST 2003
7 .\" by Yuichi SATO <ysato444@yahoo.co.jp>
10 .\"WORD: decompress ¿Ä¹
16 .\"O bzip2, bunzip2 \- a block-sorting file compressor, v1.0.2
17 bzip2, bunzip2 \- ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥½¡¼¥È¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¡£¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 1.0.2
19 .\"O bzcat \- decompresses files to stdout
20 bzcat \- ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˿Ť¹¤ë
22 .\"O bzip2recover \- recovers data from damaged bzip2 files
23 bzip2recover \- ÇË»¤·¤¿ bzip2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤é¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÉü¸µ¤¹¤ë
29 .RB [ " \-cdfkqstvzVL123456789 " ]
53 .\"O compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting
54 .\"O text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is
55 .\"O generally considerably better than that achieved by more conventional
56 .\"O LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM
57 .\"O family of statistical compressors.
59 ¤Ï¡¢Burrows-Wheeler ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥½¡¼¥È¥Æ¥¥¹¥È°µ½Ì¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤È
60 Huffman ¥³¡¼¥É²½¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°µ½Ì¤¹¤ë¡£
61 °µ½ÌΨ¤Ï¡¢°ìÈÌŪ¤Ê LZ77/LZ78 ¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î°µ½ÌΨ¤ËÈæ¤Ù¤ë¤È¡¢ÂçÄñ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤È¤Æ¤âÎɤ¤¡£
62 ¤Þ¤¿¡¢°µ½Ì®Å٤ϡ¢Åý·×Ū°µ½ÌË¡¤Ç¤¢¤ë PPM °µ½Ì¤Î®Å٤˶á¤Å¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
64 .\"O The command-line options are deliberately very similar to
67 .\"O but they are not identical.
68 ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï
70 ¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤ï¤¶¤È»÷¤»¤Æ¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢Æ±¤¸¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
73 .\"O expects a list of file names to accompany the
74 .\"O command-line flags. Each file is replaced by a compressed version of
75 .\"O itself, with the name "original_name.bz2".
76 .\"O Each compressed file
77 .\"O has the same modification date, permissions, and, when possible,
78 .\"O ownership as the corresponding original, so that these properties can
79 .\"O be correctly restored at decompression time. File name handling is
80 .\"O naive in the sense that there is no mechanism for preserving original
81 .\"O file names, permissions, ownerships or dates in filesystems which lack
82 .\"O these concepts, or have serious file name length restrictions, such as
85 ¤Ï¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤òȼ¤Ã¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤ò¼õ¤±¼è¤ë¡£
86 ³Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢"original_name.bz2" ¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¾Á°¤Î
87 °µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÃÖ¤´¹¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
88 °µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½¤ÀµÆü¡¦¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¸¢¡¦(ÀßÄê²Äǽ¤Ê¾ì¹ç¤Î) ½êͼԤϡ¢
89 ¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
90 ¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢¿Ä¹»þ¤Ë°À¤¬Àµ¤·¤¯Éü¸µ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
92 ¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¡¦¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¸¢¡¦½êͼԤòÊݸ¤¹¤ë»ÅÁȤߤ¬
93 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢
94 MS-DOS ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¿¼¹ï¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ÎŤµÀ©¸Â¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢
100 .\"O will by default not overwrite existing
101 .\"O files. If you want this to happen, specify the \-f flag.
105 ¤Ï¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ï´û¸¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¾å½ñ¤¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
106 ¾å½ñ¤¤·¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï \-f ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¡£
108 .\"O If no file names are specified,
110 .\"O compresses from standard
111 .\"O input to standard output. In this case,
114 .\"O write compressed output to a terminal, as this would be entirely
115 .\"O incomprehensible and therefore pointless.
116 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢
118 ɸ½àÆþÎϤò°µ½Ì¤·¤Æɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
121 ¤Ï°µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿½ÐÎϤòüËö¤Ë¤Ï½ñ¤½Ð¤µ¤Ê¤¤¡£
122 ¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î½ÐÎϤÏÁ´¤¯Ê¬¤«¤ê¤Ë¤¯¤¯¤Æ¡¢ÌµÂ̤ʤâ¤Î¤À¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
127 .\"O decompresses all
128 .\"O specified files. Files which were not created by
130 .\"O will be detected and ignored, and a warning issued.
132 .\"O attempts to guess the filename for the decompressed file
133 .\"O from that of the compressed file as follows:
137 ¤Ï¡¢»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¡£
139 ¤Ç°µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¸¡ÃΤµ¤ì¡¢Ìµ»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
140 ¤µ¤é¤Ë·Ù¹ð¤¬½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
142 ¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤«¤é¿Ä¹¸å¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò¿ä¬¤¹¤ë¡£
144 .\"O filename.bz2 becomes filename
145 .\"O filename.bz becomes filename
146 .\"O filename.tbz2 becomes filename.tar
147 .\"O filename.tbz becomes filename.tar
148 .\"O anyothername becomes anyothername.out
149 filename.bz2 ¤Ï filename ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
150 filename.bz ¤Ï filename ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
151 filename.tbz2 ¤Ï filename.tar ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
152 filename.tbz ¤Ï filename.tar ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
153 anyothername ¤Ï anyothername.out ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
155 .\"O If the file does not end in one of the recognised endings,
162 .\"O complains that it cannot
163 .\"O guess the name of the original file, and uses the original name
172 ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Êǧ¼±¤µ¤ì¤ë³ÈÄ¥»Ò¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ç½ª¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢
174 ¤Ï¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬¿ä¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦·Ù¹ð¤ò½Ð¤·¡¢
176 ¤òÉղä·¤¿Ì¾Á°¤ò¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤¦¡£
178 .\"O As with compression, supplying no
179 .\"O filenames causes decompression from
180 .\"O standard input to standard output.
182 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
183 ɸ½àÆþÎϤò¿Ä¹¤·¤Æɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
186 .\"O will correctly decompress a file which is the
187 .\"O concatenation of two or more compressed files. The result is the
188 .\"O concatenation of the corresponding uncompressed files. Integrity
191 .\"O compressed files is also supported.
193 ¤Ï 2 ¤Ä°Ê¾å¤Î°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÏ¢·ë¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤âÀµ¤·¤¯¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¡£
194 ¿Ä¹¤·¤ÆÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢°µ½ÌÁ°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÏ¢·ë¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
195 Ï¢·ë¤·¤¿°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î´°Á´À¥Æ¥¹¥È (\-t) ¤â¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
197 .\"O You can also compress or decompress files to the standard output by
198 .\"O giving the \-c flag. Multiple files may be compressed and
199 .\"O decompressed like this. The resulting outputs are fed sequentially to
200 .\"O stdout. Compression of multiple files
201 .\"O in this manner generates a stream
202 .\"O containing multiple compressed file representations. Such a stream
203 .\"O can be decompressed correctly only by
205 .\"O version 0.9.0 or
206 .\"O later. Earlier versions of
208 .\"O will stop after decompressing
209 .\"O the first file in the stream.
210 \-c ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢
211 °µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽ñ¤½Ð¤¹¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
212 ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¡¢Ê£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
213 ·ë²Ì¤Î½ÐÎϤÏɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽çÈ֤˽ñ¤½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
214 ¤³¤ÎÊý¼°¤Ë¤è¤ëÊ£¿ô¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î°µ½Ì¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
215 Ê£¿ô°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëɽ¸½¤ò´Þ¤à¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤¬À¸À®¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
216 ¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤Ï¡¢
217 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 0.9.0 °Ê¹ß¤Î
219 ¤Ç¤·¤«Àµ¤·¤¯¿Ä¹¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
220 ¤³¤ì¤è¤êÁ°¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
222 ¤Ç¤Ï¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥àÃæ¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤·¤¿¸å¤ËÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡£
227 .\"O decompresses all specified files to
228 .\"O the standard output.
232 ¤Ï»ØÄꤷ¤¿Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤·¡¢É¸½à½ÐÎϤ˽ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
235 .\"O will read arguments from the environment variables
239 .\"O in that order, and will process them
240 .\"O before any arguments read from the command line. This gives a
241 .\"O convenient way to supply default arguments.
246 ¤«¤é¤³¤Î½çÈ֤ǰú¤¿ô¤òÆɤ߹þ¤ß¡¢
247 ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤«¤éÆɤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿°ú¤¿ô¤è¤ê¤âÀè¤Ë½èÍý¤¹¤ë¡£
248 ¤³¤ì¤Ï¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î°ú¤¿ô¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ëÊØÍø¤ÊÊýË¡¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
250 .\"O Compression is always performed, even if the compressed
251 .\"O file is slightly
252 .\"O larger than the original. Files of less than about one hundred bytes
253 .\"O tend to get larger, since the compression mechanism has a constant
254 .\"O overhead in the region of 50 bytes. Random data (including the output
255 .\"O of most file compressors) is coded at about 8.05 bits per byte, giving
256 .\"O an expansion of around 0.5%.
257 °µ½Ì¸å¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤è¤ê¾¯¤·Â礤¯¤Ê¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡¢
259 100 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤è¤ê¾®¤µ¤¤¤°¤é¤¤¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÂ礤¯¤Ê¤ë·¹¸þ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
260 ¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î°µ½Ì¥á¥«¥Ë¥º¥à¤¬
261 Äê¾ïŪ¤Ë 50 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Ø¥Ã¥É¤ò»ý¤Ä¤¿¤á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
262 (ÂçÉôʬ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°µ½ÌË¡¤Ë¤è¤ë½ÐÎϤò´Þ¤à) ¥é¥ó¥À¥à¤Ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ï¡¢
263 1 ¥Ð¥¤¥ÈÅö¤¿¤êÌó 8.05 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Ç¥³¡¼¥É²½¤µ¤ì¡¢Ìó 0.5% Â礤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
265 .\"O As a self-check for your protection,
268 .\"O uses 32-bit CRCs to
269 .\"O make sure that the decompressed version of a file is identical to the
270 .\"O original. This guards against corruption of the compressed data, and
271 .\"O against undetected bugs in
273 .\"O (hopefully very unlikely). The
274 .\"O chances of data corruption going undetected is microscopic, about one
275 .\"O chance in four billion for each file processed. Be aware, though, that
276 .\"O the check occurs upon decompression, so it can only tell you that
277 .\"O something is wrong. It can't help you
278 .\"O recover the original uncompressed
279 .\"O data. You can use
281 .\"O to try to recover data from
283 ¥Ç¡¼¥¿Êݸî¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¼«¸Ê¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢
285 ¤Ï 32 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È CRC ¤òÇË»¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë»È¤¦¡£
286 ¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢°µ½Ì¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ÎÇË»¤È¤Þ¤À¸«¤Ä¤«¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤
288 ¤Î¥Ð¥° (¤È¤Æ¤â¾¯¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤ò´üÂÔ¤¹¤ë) ¤«¤é¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÊݸ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
289 ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ÎÇË»¤¬¸¡ÃΤµ¤ì¤Ê¤¤³ÎΨ¤ÏÈó¾ï¤Ë¾¯¤Ê¤¯¡¢
290 ³Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë½èÍý¤Ë¤Ä¤ 40 ²¯²ó¤Ë 1 ²óÄøÅ٤Ǥ¢¤ë¡£
291 ¤·¤«¤·¡¢¤³¤Î¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤Ï¿Ä¹¤Î¤È¤¤Ë¤·¤«¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢
292 ²¿¤«´Ö°ã¤¤¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤òÃΤ餻¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¤¢¤ëÅÀ¤ËÃí°Õ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
293 ¥ª¥ê¥¸¥Ê¥ë¤Î°µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÉü¸µ¤¹¤ë½õ¤±¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
294 ÇË»¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤é¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÉü¸µ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
298 .\"O Return values: 0 for a normal exit, 1 for environmental problems (file
299 .\"O not found, invalid flags, I/O errors, &c), 2 to indicate a corrupt
300 .\"O compressed file, 3 for an internal consistency error (eg, bug) which
305 Àµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢0 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
306 ¼Â¹Ô´Ä¶¤ÎÌäÂê (¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤Ê¤¤¡¦ÉÔÀµ¤Ê¥Õ¥é¥°¡¦
307 I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ê¤É) ¤¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢1 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
308 ÇË»¤·¤¿°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢2 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
310 ¤Ë¥Ñ¥Ë¥Ã¥¯¤ò°ú¤µ¯¤³¤¹ÆâÉôÀ°¹çÀ¥¨¥é¡¼ (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¥Ð¥°) ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢3 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
316 .\"O Compress or decompress to standard output.
317 °µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤·¤¿·ë²Ì¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˽ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
319 .\"O .B \-d --decompress
320 .\"O Force decompression.
326 .\"O really the same program, and the decision about what actions to take is
327 .\"O done on the basis of which name is used. This flag overrides that
328 .\"O mechanism, and forces
332 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¿Ä¹¤ò¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
336 ¤Ï¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤ÏƱ¤¸¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
337 ¤É¤ÎÆ°ºî¤ò¤¹¤ë¤Î¤«¤Ï¡¢¤É¤Î̾Á°¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤¿¤«¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¤¤Æ·è¤á¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
338 ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ÎÆ°ºî·èÄ굡¹½¤è¤êÍ¥À褵¤ì¡¢
340 ¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¿Ä¹¤ò¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
343 .\"O The complement to \-d: forces compression, regardless of the
344 .\"O invocation name.
346 µ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤¿Ì¾Á°¤Ë¤«¤«¤ï¤é¤º¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î°µ½Ì¤ò¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
349 .\"O Check integrity of the specified file(s), but don't decompress them.
350 .\"O This really performs a trial decompression and throws away the result.
351 »ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î´°Á´À¤Î¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤ò¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¢¿Ä¹¤Ï¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
352 ¿Ä¹¥Æ¥¹¥È¤ò¹Ô¤¤¡¢·ë²Ì¤òÇË´þ¤¹¤ë¡£
355 .\"O Force overwrite of output files. Normally,
357 .\"O will not overwrite
358 .\"O existing output files. Also forces
360 .\"O to break hard links
361 .\"O to files, which it otherwise wouldn't do.
362 ½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¾å½ñ¤¤ò¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
365 ¤Ï´û¸¤Î½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¾å½ñ¤¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
368 ¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ø¤Î¥Ï¡¼¥É¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òºï½ü¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
369 ¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¥Ï¡¼¥É¥ê¥ó¥¯¤Îºï½ü¤â¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
371 .\"O bzip2 normally declines to decompress files which don't have the
372 .\"O correct magic header bytes. If forced (-f), however, it will pass
373 .\"O such files through unmodified. This is how GNU gzip behaves.
374 Ä̾ï bzip2 ¤ÏÀµ¤·¤¤¥Þ¥¸¥Ã¥¯¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ò»ý¤¿¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
375 ¤¿¤À¤· (-f) ¤Ç¶¯À©¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤â½¤Àµ¤»¤º¤ËÄ̲ᤵ¤»¤ë¡£
376 ¤³¤ì¤Ï GNU gzip ¤ÎÆ°ºî¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
379 .\"O Keep (don't delete) input files during compression
380 .\"O or decompression.
381 ¿Ä¹¡¦Å¸³«¤Î¸å¤Ç¤âÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊݸ¤¹¤ë (ºï½ü¤·¤Ê¤¤)¡£
384 .\"O Reduce memory usage, for compression, decompression and testing. Files
385 .\"O are decompressed and tested using a modified algorithm which only
386 .\"O requires 2.5 bytes per block byte. This means any file can be
387 .\"O decompressed in 2300k of memory, albeit at about half the normal speed.
388 °µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¡¦¥Æ¥¹¥È¤ÎºÝ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤ò¸º¤é¤¹¡£
389 1 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥Ð¥¤¥ÈÅö¤¿¤ê 2.5 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤·¤«É¬ÍפȤ·¤Ê¤¤
390 ½¤Àµ¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢
391 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¿Ä¹¡¦¥Æ¥¹¥È¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
392 Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬ 2300kB ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤Ç¿Ä¹¤Ç¤¤ë¤¬¡¢
393 Ä̾ï¤Î®ÅÙ¤ÎÌóȾʬ¤Î®Å٤ˤʤäƤ·¤Þ¤¦¡£
395 .\"O During compression, \-s selects a block size of 200k, which limits
396 .\"O memory use to around the same figure, at the expense of your compression
397 .\"O ratio. In short, if your machine is low on memory (8 megabytes or
398 .\"O less), use \-s for everything. See MEMORY MANAGEMENT below.
399 °µ½Ì¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢\-s ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»È¤¦¤È 200kB ¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤¬ÁªÂò¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
400 ¥á¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤Ϥ³¤ì¤ÈƱ¤¸¤¯¤é¤¤¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤¬¡¢°µ½ÌΨ¤¬µ¾À·¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
401 ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢·×»»µ¡¤Ë¥á¥â¥ê¤¬¾¯¤Ê¤¤ (8 MB °Ê²¼) ¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
402 Á´¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ \-s ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¡£
403 °Ê²¼¤Î¡Ö¥á¥â¥ê´ÉÍý¡×¥»¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
406 .\"O Suppress non-essential warning messages. Messages pertaining to
407 .\"O I/O errors and other critical events will not be suppressed.
408 ËܼÁŪ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤·Ù¹ð¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤òÍÞÀ©¤¹¤ë¡£
409 I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¤ÈÃ×̿Ū¤Ê¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥È¤Ë´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ÏÍÞÀ©¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
412 .\"O Verbose mode -- show the compression ratio for each file processed.
413 .\"O Further \-v's increase the verbosity level, spewing out lots of
414 .\"O information which is primarily of interest for diagnostic purposes.
415 ¾ÜºÙɽ¼¨¥â¡¼¥É -- ³Æ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë½èÍý¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ°µ½ÌΨ¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
416 ¤µ¤é¤Ë \-v ¤Î¿ô¤òÁý¤ä¤¹¤È¡¢¾ÜºÙɽ¼¨¤Î¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤â¾å¤¬¤ê¡¢
417 ¼ç¤Ë¿ÇÃǤòÌÜŪ¤È¤¹¤ë¿¤¯¤Î¾ðÊó¤ò½ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
419 .B \-L --license -V --version
420 .\"O Display the software version, license terms and conditions.
421 ¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¡¦¥é¥¤¥»¥ó¥¹¡¦ÇÛÉÛ¾ò·ï¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
423 .\"O .B \-1 (or \-\-fast) to \-9 (or \-\-best)
424 .\"O Set the block size to 100 k, 200 k .. 900 k when compressing. Has no
425 .\"O effect when decompressing. See MEMORY MANAGEMENT below.
426 .B \-1 (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \-\-fast) ¤«¤é \-9 (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \-\-best)
427 °µ½Ì¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò 100 k, 200 k .. 900 k ¤ËÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£
428 ¿Ä¹¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢²¿¤â±Æ¶Á¤òµÚ¤Ü¤µ¤Ê¤¤¡£
429 °Ê²¼¤Î¡Ö¥á¥â¥ê´ÉÍý¡×¥»¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
430 .\"O The \-\-fast and \-\-best aliases are primarily for GNU gzip
431 .\"O compatibility. In particular, \-\-fast doesn't make things
432 .\"O significantly faster.
433 .\"O And \-\-best merely selects the default behaviour.
434 \-\-fast ¤È \-\-best ¥¨¥¤¥ê¥¢¥¹¤Ï¡¢
435 ¼ç¤È¤·¤Æ GNU gzip ¤È¤Î¸ß´¹À¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£
436 ÆÃ¤Ë \-\-fast ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÇÌܤ˸«¤¨¤Æ®¤¯¤Ê¤ëÌõ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
437 ¤Þ¤¿ \-\-best ¤Ïñ¤Ë¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÎÆ°ºî¤òÁªÂò¤¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
440 .\"O Treats all subsequent arguments as file names, even if they start
441 .\"O with a dash. This is so you can handle files with names beginning
442 .\"O with a dash, for example: bzip2 \-- \-myfilename.
443 ¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Î°ú¤¿ô¤¬¡¢¤¿¤È¤¨¥À¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡¢
444 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤¦¡£
445 ¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢¥À¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë̾Á°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°·¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
446 Îã¤òµó¤²¤ë: bzip2 \-- \-myfilename
448 .B \--repetitive-fast --repetitive-best
449 .\"O These flags are redundant in versions 0.9.5 and above. They provided
450 .\"O some coarse control over the behaviour of the sorting algorithm in
451 .\"O earlier versions, which was sometimes useful. 0.9.5 and above have an
452 .\"O improved algorithm which renders these flags irrelevant.
453 ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤Ï¡¢¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 0.9.5 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï;·×¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
454 ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤Ï¡¢°ÊÁ°¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¥½¡¼¥È¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤ÎÆ°ºî¤ò
455 Â绨ÇĤËÀ©¸æ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÄ󶡤µ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¡¢»þ¡¹¤ÏÌòΩ¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
456 0.9.5 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤¬Ìµ´Ø·¸¤Ë¤Ê¤ë
457 ²þÎɤµ¤ì¤¿¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
459 .\"O .SH MEMORY MANAGEMENT
462 .\"O compresses large files in blocks. The block size affects
463 .\"O both the compression ratio achieved, and the amount of memory needed for
464 .\"O compression and decompression. The flags \-1 through \-9
465 .\"O specify the block size to be 100,000 bytes through 900,000 bytes (the
466 .\"O default) respectively. At decompression time, the block size used for
467 .\"O compression is read from the header of the compressed file, and
469 .\"O then allocates itself just enough memory to decompress
470 .\"O the file. Since block sizes are stored in compressed files, it follows
471 .\"O that the flags \-1 to \-9 are irrelevant to and so ignored
472 .\"O during decompression.
474 ¤Ï¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯Ëè¤ËÂ礤ʥե¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°µ½Ì¤¹¤ë¡£
475 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ï¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿·ë²Ì¤Î°µ½ÌΨ¤È
476 °µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤ËɬÍפʥá¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤ÎξÊý¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤òµÚ¤Ü¤¹¡£
477 ¥Õ¥é¥° \-1 ¤«¤é \-9 ¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º
478 100,000 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤«¤é (¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î) 900,000 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
479 ¿Ä¹»þ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤¿¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤¬°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¤«¤éÆɤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¡¢
481 ¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤Á¤ç¤¦¤É½½Ê¬¤Ê¥á¥â¥ê¤ò³ÎÊݤ¹¤ë¡£
482 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ï°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢
483 ¿Ä¹»þ¤Ë¤Ï¥Õ¥é¥° \-1 ¤«¤é \-9 ¤Ï´Ø·¸¤Ê¤¯Ìµ»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
485 .\"O Compression and decompression requirements,
486 .\"O in bytes, can be estimated as:
488 .\"O Compression: 400k + ( 8 x block size )
490 .\"O Decompression: 100k + ( 4 x block size ), or
491 .\"O 100k + ( 2.5 x block size )
492 °µ½Ì¡¦¿½Ì¤ËɬÍפʥá¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎÌ (¥Ð¥¤¥Èñ°Ì) ¤Ï¡¢
493 °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë·×»»¤Ç¤¤ë:
495 °µ½Ì: 400k + ( 8 x ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º )
497 ¿Ä¹: 100k + ( 4 x ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º ), ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
498 100k + ( 2.5 x ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º )
500 .\"O Larger block sizes give rapidly diminishing marginal returns. Most of
501 .\"O the compression comes from the first two or three hundred k of block
502 .\"O size, a fact worth bearing in mind when using
504 .\"O on small machines.
505 .\"O It is also important to appreciate that the decompression memory
506 .\"O requirement is set at compression time by the choice of block size.
507 Â礤¤¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¶³¦¤ÎÊÖ¤êÃͤò¤¹¤°¤Ë¸º¾¯¤µ¤»¤ë¡£
508 ÂçÉôʬ¤Î°µ½Ì¤Ï¡¢ºÇ½é¤Î 200kB ¤«¤é 300kB ¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç¤Ä¤¯¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
510 ¤ò¥á¥â¥ê¤Î¾¯¤Ê¤¤·×»»µ¡¤Ç»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
511 ¤³¤Î¤³¤È¤ò³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¯²ÁÃͤ¬¤¢¤ë¡£
512 ¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢¿Ä¹¤ËɬÍפʥá¥â¥ê¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì»þ¤Ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤òÁªÂò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç
513 ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ëÅÀ¤òÃΤäƤª¤¯¤³¤È¤â½ÅÍפǤ¢¤ë¡£
515 .\"O For files compressed with the default 900k block size,
517 .\"O will require about 3700 kbytes to decompress. To support decompression
518 .\"O of any file on a 4 megabyte machine,
520 .\"O has an option to
521 .\"O decompress using approximately half this amount of memory, about 2300
522 .\"O kbytes. Decompression speed is also halved, so you should use this
523 .\"O option only where necessary. The relevant flag is -s.
524 ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î 900kB ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç°µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¢
526 ¤Ï¿Ä¹»þ¤ËÌó 3700kB ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤òɬÍפȤ¹¤ë¡£
527 4MB ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤Î·×»»µ¡¤Ç¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¿Ä¹¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
529 ¤³¤Î¥á¥â¥êÎ̤ÎÌóȾʬ¡¢Ìó 2300kB ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¿Ä¹¤¹¤ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
530 ¿Ä¹Â®ÅÙ¤âȾʬ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÏɬÍפʾì¹ç¤Ë¤Î¤ß»È¤¦¤Ù¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
531 ´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥é¥°¤È¤·¤Æ -s ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
533 .\"O In general, try and use the largest block size memory constraints allow,
534 .\"O since that maximises the compression achieved. Compression and
535 .\"O decompression speed are virtually unaffected by block size.
536 °ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥á¥â¥ê¤ÎÀ©¸Â¤¬µö¤¹¸Â¤ê°ìÈÖÂ礤ʥ֥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¡£
537 ¤³¤¦¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç°µ½ÌΨ¤¬ºÇ¤âÎɤ¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
538 °µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤Î®Å٤ϻö¼Â¾å¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
540 .\"O Another significant point applies to files which fit in a single block
541 .\"O -- that means most files you'd encounter using a large block size. The
542 .\"O amount of real memory touched is proportional to the size of the file,
543 .\"O since the file is smaller than a block. For example, compressing a file
544 .\"O 20,000 bytes long with the flag -9 will cause the compressor to
545 .\"O allocate around 7600k of memory, but only touch 400k + 20000 * 8 = 560
546 .\"O kbytes of it. Similarly, the decompressor will allocate 3700k but only
547 .\"O touch 100k + 20000 * 4 = 180 kbytes.
548 ¾¤Ë½ÅÍפÊÅÀ¤¬Ã±°ì¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ËŬÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
549 -- ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢Æþ¼ê¤¹¤ëÂçÉôʬ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢
550 Â礤¤¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
551 ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ï¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤è¤ê¾®¤µ¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢
552 ¼ÂºÝ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤ϥե¡¥¤¥ë¥µ¥¤¥º¤ËÈæÎ㤹¤ë¡£
553 Î㤨¤Ð¡¢20,000 ¥Ð¥¤¥È (20kB) ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò -9 ¥Õ¥é¥°¤Ç°µ½Ì¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢
554 7600kB ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤¬³ÎÊݤµ¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¢400k + 20000 * 8 = 560kB ¤·¤«»ÈÍѤ·¤Ê¤¤¡£
555 ƱÍͤˡ¢¿Ä¹»þ¤Ë¤Ï 3700kB ¤¬³ÎÊݤµ¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¢
556 100k + 20000 * 4 = 180 kB ¤·¤«»ÈÍѤ·¤Ê¤¤¡£
558 .\"O Here is a table which summarises the maximum memory usage for different
559 .\"O block sizes. Also recorded is the total compressed size for 14 files of
560 .\"O the Calgary Text Compression Corpus totalling 3,141,622 bytes. This
561 .\"O column gives some feel for how compression varies with block size.
562 .\"O These figures tend to understate the advantage of larger block sizes for
563 .\"O larger files, since the Corpus is dominated by smaller files.
564 °Û¤Ê¤ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤ÎºÇÂç¥á¥â¥ê»ÈÍÑÎ̤ò¤Þ¤È¤á¤¿¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡£
565 ¥«¥ë¥¬¥ê¡¼Âç³Ø¤Î¥Æ¥¥¹¥È°µ½Ì¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹
566 (14 ¸Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢¹ç·× 3,141,622 ¥Ð¥¤¥È) ¤ò
567 °µ½Ì¤·¤¿¥µ¥¤¥º¤âµÏ¿¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
568 ¹ÔËè¤ËÈæ¤Ù¤ë¤È¡¢¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ°µ½Ì¤¬
569 ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÊѤï¤ë¤«¤òÃΤ뤳¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
570 ¤³¤Î¿ô»ú¤Ï¡¢Â礤ʥե¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ·¤ÆÂ礤ʥ֥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤ÎÍøÅÀ¤ò¡¢
571 ¹µ¤¨Ìܤˤ·¤«½Ò¤Ù¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
572 ¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤¬¾®¤µ¤á¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÇÀê¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
574 .\"O Compress Decompress Decompress Corpus
575 .\"O Flag usage usage -s usage Size
576 °µ½Ì»þ¤Î ¿Ä¹»þ¤Î -s ¿Ä¹»þ¤Î ¥³¡¼¥Ñ¥¹¤Î
577 ¥Õ¥é¥° »ÈÍÑÎÌ »ÈÍÑÎÌ »ÈÍÑÎÌ ¥µ¥¤¥º
579 -1 1200k 500k 350k 914704
580 -2 2000k 900k 600k 877703
581 -3 2800k 1300k 850k 860338
582 -4 3600k 1700k 1100k 846899
583 -5 4400k 2100k 1350k 845160
584 -6 5200k 2500k 1600k 838626
585 -7 6100k 2900k 1850k 834096
586 -8 6800k 3300k 2100k 828642
587 -9 7600k 3700k 2350k 828642
589 .\"O .SH RECOVERING DATA FROM DAMAGED FILES
590 .SH ÇË»¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤é¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿Éü¸µ
592 .\"O compresses files in blocks, usually 900kbytes long. Each
593 .\"O block is handled independently. If a media or transmission error causes
594 .\"O a multi-block .bz2
595 .\"O file to become damaged, it may be possible to
596 .\"O recover data from the undamaged blocks in the file.
598 ¤Ï¡¢Ä̾ï 900kB ¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ç¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°µ½Ì¤¹¤ë¡£
599 ³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ÏÆÈΩ¤ËÁàºî¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
600 ¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤äžÁ÷¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢
601 Ê£¿ô¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤«¤é¤Ê¤ë .bz2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬ÇË»¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢
602 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÇË»¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤«¤é¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÉü¸µ¤Ç¤¤ë²ÄǽÀ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
604 .\"O The compressed representation of each block is delimited by a 48-bit
605 .\"O pattern, which makes it possible to find the block boundaries with
606 .\"O reasonable certainty. Each block also carries its own 32-bit CRC, so
607 .\"O damaged blocks can be distinguished from undamaged ones.
608 ³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Î°µ½Ì¤µ¤ì¤¿É½¸½¤Ï¡¢48 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
609 ¤³¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢ÏÀÍýŪ¤Ê³Î¼ÂÀ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¶³¦¤ò¸«¤Ä¤±¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
610 ³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ë¤Ï¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î 32 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È CRC ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢
611 ÇË»¤·¤¿¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ÏÇË»¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤â¤Î¤È¶èÊ̤Ǥ¤ë¡£
614 .\"O is a simple program whose purpose is to search for
615 .\"O blocks in .bz2 files, and write each block out into its own .bz2
616 .\"O file. You can then use
620 .\"O integrity of the resulting files, and decompress those which are
623 ¤Ï¡¢.bz2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ò¸¡º÷¤·¡¢
624 ¤½¤ìÆȼ«¤Î .bz2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë³Æ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ò½ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
628 ¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÆÀ¤é¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î´°Á´À¤ò¥Æ¥¹¥È¤·¡¢
629 ÇË»¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤È¤·¤Æ¿Ä¹¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
632 .\"O takes a single argument, the name of the damaged file,
633 .\"O and writes a number of files "rec00001file.bz2",
634 .\"O "rec00002file.bz2", etc, containing the extracted blocks.
635 .\"O The output filenames are designed so that the use of
636 .\"O wildcards in subsequent processing -- for example,
637 .\"O "bzip2 -dc rec*file.bz2 > recovered_data" -- processes the files in
638 .\"O the correct order.
640 ¤Ï¡¢ÇË»¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÍ£°ì¤Î°ú¤¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ¼õ¤±¼è¤ê¡¢
641 Ãê½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ò´Þ¤ó¤À "rec00001file.bz2", "rec00002file.bz2", ...,
642 ¤È¤¤¤¦Â¿¤¯¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
643 ½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤Ï¡¢
644 ¤½¤Î¸å¤Î½èÍý¤Ç¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¤¬»È¤¨¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÀ߷פµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë
646 "bzip2 -dc rec*file.bz2 > recovered_data"
647 -- ¤È¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÀµ¤·¤¤½çÈ֤ǽèÍý¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
650 .\"O should be of most use dealing with large .bz2
651 .\"O files, as these will contain many blocks. It is clearly
652 .\"O futile to use it on damaged single-block files, since a
653 .\"O damaged block cannot be recovered. If you wish to minimise
654 .\"O any potential data loss through media or transmission errors,
655 .\"O you might consider compressing with a smaller
657 Âç¤¤Ê .bz2 ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¿¤¯¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢
659 ¤Ï¡¢¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°·¤¦¤¿¤á¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
660 1 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¬Á´¤ÆÇË»¤·¤¿¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ÏÉü¸µ¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢
661 ¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÂФ·¤Æ»È¤¦¤Î¤ÏÌÀ¤é¤«¤Ë̵Â̤Ǥ¢¤ë¡£
662 ¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¥¨¥é¡¼¤äžÁ÷¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ë¤è¤ëÀøºßŪ¤Ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿Â»¼º¤ò¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤·¤¿¤¤¤Ê¤é¡¢
663 ¾®¤µ¤¤¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç°µ½Ì¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¹Í¤¨¤¿Êý¤¬Îɤ¤¡£
665 .\"O .SH PERFORMANCE NOTES
667 .\"O The sorting phase of compression gathers together similar strings in the
668 .\"O file. Because of this, files containing very long runs of repeated
669 .\"O symbols, like "aabaabaabaab ..." (repeated several hundred times) may
670 .\"O compress more slowly than normal. Versions 0.9.5 and above fare much
671 .\"O better than previous versions in this respect. The ratio between
672 .\"O worst-case and average-case compression time is in the region of 10:1.
673 .\"O For previous versions, this figure was more like 100:1. You can use the
674 .\"O \-vvvv option to monitor progress in great detail, if you want.
675 °µ½Ì¤Î¥½¡¼¥È¥Õ¥§¡¼¥º¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤ÎƱ°ì¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ò½¸¤á¤ë¡£
676 ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢"aabaabaabaab ..." ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë (¿ôÉ´²ó)
677 Ʊ¤¸¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ë¤¬Ä¹¤¯·«¤êÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¡¢
678 Ä̾ï¤Î¤â¤Î¤è¤ê°µ½Ì¤¬ÃÙ¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
679 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 0.9.5 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï°ÊÁ°¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤ËÈæ¤Ù¤ë¤È¡¢¤³¤ÎÅÀ¤¬Îɤ¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
680 °µ½Ì»þ´Ö¤ÎºÇ¤â°¤¤¾ì¹ç¤ÈÊ¿¶Ñ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤ÎÈæΨ¤Ï¡¢10:1 ¤ÎÈϰϤǤ¢¤ë¡£
681 °ÊÁ°¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ÎÈæΨ¤Ï 100:1 ¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£
682 ¤â¤·¸«¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤¤¤Ê¤é¡¢\-vvvv ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢
683 ¾ÜºÙ¤Ê°µ½Ì²áÄø¤Î¿Ê¹Ô¤ò¸«¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
685 .\"O Decompression speed is unaffected by these phenomena.
686 ¿Ä¹¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¸½¾Ý¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
689 .\"O usually allocates several megabytes of memory to operate
690 .\"O in, and then charges all over it in a fairly random fashion. This means
691 .\"O that performance, both for compressing and decompressing, is largely
692 .\"O determined by the speed at which your machine can service cache misses.
693 .\"O Because of this, small changes to the code to reduce the miss rate have
694 .\"O been observed to give disproportionately large performance improvements.
697 .\"O will perform best on machines with very large caches.
699 ¤ÏÄ̾Áàºî¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¿ô¥á¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤ò³ÎÊݤ·¡¢
700 ¤È¤Æ¤â¥é¥ó¥À¥à¤ÊÊýË¡¤Ç³ÎÊݤµ¤ì¤¿¥á¥â¥ê¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¡£
701 ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¡Ö°µ½Ì¡¦¿Ä¹¤ÎξÊý¤ÎÀǽ¤Ï¡¢
702 ¥¥ã¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ë¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë·×»»µ¡¤¬Âбþ¤¹¤ë®ÅÙ¤ËÂ礤¯°Í¸¤¹¤ë¡×
703 ¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£
704 ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¥¥ã¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ë¤Ê¤¤³ä¹ç¤ò¸º¤é¤¹¤¿¤á¤Î¤Á¤ç¤Ã¤È¤·¤¿¥³¡¼¥É¤ÎÊѹ¹¤¬¡¢
705 Èó¾ï¤ËÂ礤ÊÀǽ¤Î¸þ¾å¤ò¤â¤¿¤é¤·¤¿¤Î¤ò¸«¤¿¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
707 ¤Ï¡¢Èó¾ï¤ËÂ礤ʥ¥ã¥Ã¥·¥å¤ò»ý¤Ã¤¿·×»»µ¡¤Ç¡¢
708 ºÇ¤âÎɤ¤Àǽ¤òȯ´ø¤¹¤ë¤È¹Í¤¨¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
712 .\"O I/O error messages are not as helpful as they could be.
714 .\"O tries hard to detect I/O errors and exit cleanly, but the details of
715 .\"O what the problem is sometimes seem rather misleading.
716 I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤Û¤ÉÌòΩ¤¿¤Ê¤¤¡£
718 ¤Ï¡¢¤Ç¤¤ë¤À¤± I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¤ò¸¡ÃΤ·¤ÆÀµ¤·¤¯½ªÎ»¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¡£
719 ¤·¤«¤·¡¢²¿¤¬ÌäÂê¤Ê¤Î¤«¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï¡¢¤È¤¤É¤¤«¤Ê¤ê´Ö°ã¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ë¸«¤¨¤ë¡£
721 .\"O Compressed data created by this version is entirely forwards and
722 .\"O backwards compatible with the previous public releases, versions
723 .\"O 0.1pl2, 0.9.0, 0.9.5, 1.0.0 and 1.0.1, but with the following
724 .\"O exception: 0.9.0 and above can correctly decompress multiple
725 .\"O concatenated compressed files. 0.1pl2 cannot do this; it will stop
726 .\"O after decompressing just the first file in the stream.
727 ¤³¤Î man ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ï¡¢¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 1.0.2 ¤Î
730 ¤³¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤ÇÀ¸À®¤µ¤ì¤¿°µ½Ì¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ï¡¢
731 °ÊÁ°¤Î¥Ñ¥Ö¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ë¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
732 0.1pl2, 0.9.0, 0.9.5, 1.0.0, 1.0.1 ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¢
733 Á°Êý¸ß´¹¤È¸åÊý¸ß´¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
734 ¤¿¤À¤·¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÎã³°¤¬¤¢¤ë:
735 0.9.0 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤ÏÊ£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÏ¢·ë¤·¤Æ°µ½Ì¤·¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤Ç¤¤ë¤¬¡¢
736 0.1pl2 ¤Ç¤Ï¿Ä¹¤Ç¤¤º¡¢¥¹¥È¥ê¡¼¥à¤ÎºÇ½é¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¿Ä¹¤·¤¿¸å¤ËÄä»ß¤¹¤ë¡£
739 .\"O versions prior to this one, 1.0.2, used 32-bit integers to represent
740 .\"O bit positions in compressed files, so it could not handle compressed
741 .\"O files more than 512 megabytes long.
742 ¤³¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 1.0.2 °ÊÁ°¤Î
744 ¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤Î¥Ó¥Ã¥È°ÌÃÖ¤òɽ¸½¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢32 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¤ÎÀ°¿ô¤ò»È¤¦¡£
745 ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á 512MB °Ê¾å¤Î°µ½Ì¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò°·¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡£
746 .\"O Version 1.0.2 and above uses
747 .\"O 64-bit ints on some platforms which support them (GNU supported
748 .\"O targets, and Windows).
749 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 1.0.2 ¤È¤½¤ì°ÊÁ°¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤â¡¢
750 ¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È²Äǽ¤Ê¥×¥é¥Ã¥È¥Õ¥©¡¼¥à
751 (GNU ¤¬¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¥¿¡¼¥²¥Ã¥È¤È Windows) ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
752 64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È int ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£
753 .\"O To establish whether or not bzip2recover was
754 .\"O built with such a limitation, run it without arguments.
755 ¤³¤ÎÀ©¸Â¤òÉÕ¤±¤Æ bzip2recover ¤¬¥Ó¥ë¥É¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤ò³Îǧ¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
756 °ú¤¿ô¤Ê¤·¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¡£
758 .\"O you can build yourself an unlimited version if you can recompile it
759 .\"O with MaybeUInt64 set to be an unsigned 64-bit integer.
760 ¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â MaybeUInt64 ¤òÉä¹æ¤Ê¤· 64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥ÈÀ°¿ô·¿¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤Æ
761 ºÆ¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢
762 ÈóÀ©¸Â¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤ò¥Ó¥ë¥É¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
768 Julian Seward, jseward@acm.org.
770 http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2
772 .\"O The ideas embodied in
774 .\"O are due to (at least) the following
775 .\"O people: Michael Burrows and David Wheeler (for the block sorting
776 .\"O transformation), David Wheeler (again, for the Huffman coder), Peter
777 .\"O Fenwick (for the structured coding model in the original
779 .\"O and many refinements), and Alistair Moffat, Radford Neal and Ian Witten
780 .\"O (for the arithmetic coder in the original
783 ¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥¢¥¤¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Ï¡¢(¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â) °Ê²¼¤ÎÊý¡¹¤Î¤ª¤«¤²¤Ç¤¢¤ë:
784 Michael Burrows, David Wheeler (¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥½¡¼¥ÈÊÑ´¹),
785 David Wheeler (Huffman ¥³¡¼¥É²½¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤â),
786 Peter Fenwick (¥ª¥ê¥¸¥Ê¥ë¤Î
788 ¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¹½Â¤²½¥³¡¼¥É²½¥â¥Ç¥ë¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ¿¤¯¤Î²þÎÉ),
789 Alistair Moffat, Radford Neal, Ian Witten (¥ª¥ê¥¸¥Ê¥ë¤Î
791 ¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë»»½Ñ¥³¡¼¥É²½)¡£
793 .\"O indebted for their help, support and advice. See the manual in the
794 .\"O source distribution for pointers to sources of documentation. Christian
795 .\"O von Roques encouraged me to look for faster sorting algorithms, so as to
796 .\"O speed up compression. Bela Lubkin encouraged me to improve the
797 .\"O worst-case compression performance.
798 .\"O The bz* scripts are derived from those of GNU gzip.
799 .\"O Many people sent patches, helped
800 .\"O with portability problems, lent machines, gave advice and were generally
802 »ä¤Ï¡¢Èà¤é¤Î½õ¤±¡¦¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¡¦½õ¸À¤ËÂФ·¤Æ´¶¼Õ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
803 ¥É¥¥å¥á¥ó¥È¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹¤Î¾ì½ê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢
804 ¥½¡¼¥¹ÇÛÉÛ¤ÎÃæ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
805 Christian von Roques ¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì®Å٤θþ¾å¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢
806 ¤è¤ê®¤¤¥½¡¼¥È¥¢¥ë¥´¥ê¥º¥à¤òõ¤¹¤³¤È¤ò´«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¡£
807 Bela Lubkin ¤Ï¡¢°µ½Ì®ÅÙ¤¬ºÇ¤âÃÙ¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Î²þÎɤò´«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¡£
808 bz* ¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ï GNU gzip ¤Î¤â¤Î¤ËͳÍ褷¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
809 ¿¤¯¤ÎÊý¡¹¤¬¥Ñ¥Ã¥Á¤òÁ÷¤ê¡¢·ÚÊØÀ¤ÎÌäÂê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ½õ¤±¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¡£
810 ¤Þ¤¿¡¢·×»»µ¡¤òÂߤ·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¤ê¡¢¥¢¥É¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¿Íã¤â¤¤¤¿¡£
811 ¤³¤ì¤é¤ÏÁ´¤Æ½õ¤±¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¡£