1 .\" Copyright Andries Brouwer, A. Wik 1998, Ragnar Hojland Espinosa 1998-2002
3 .\" This file may be copied under the conditions described
4 .\" in the LDP GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE, Version 1, September 1998
5 .\" that should have been distributed together with this file.
7 .\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Yuichi SATO
8 .\" all rights reserved.
9 .\" Translated Sat Oct 16 14:30:53 JST 1999
10 .\" by Yuichi SATO <sato@complex.eng.hokudai.ac.jp>
11 .\" Updated & Modified Sun Feb 16 16:22:07 JST 2003
12 .\" by Yuichi SATO <ysato444@yahoo.co.jp>
14 .TH DD 1 "18 June 2002" "GNU fileutils 4.1"
17 .\"O dd \- convert and copy a file
18 dd \- ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÑ´¹¤·¤Æ¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë
22 .B [\-\-help] [\-\-version]
32 .B "[conv={ascii, ebcdic, ibm, block, unblock, lcase, ucase, swab, noerror, notrunc, sync}]"
36 .\"O copies a file (from standard input to standard output, by
37 .\"O default) using specific input and output blocksizes,
38 .\"O while optionally performing conversions on it.
40 ¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿Æþ½ÐÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ç
41 (¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤Ïɸ½àÆþÎϤ«¤éɸ½à½ÐÎϤØ) ¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë¡£
42 Æþ½ÐÎϤδ֤ËÊÑ´¹¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
44 .\"O It reads the input one block at a time, using the specified input
45 .\"O block size (the default is 512 bytes).
48 .\"O option was given, and no conversion other than
49 .\"O .BR sync ", " noerror ", or " notrunc
50 .\"O was specified, it writes the amount of data read (which could be smaller
51 .\"O than what was requested) in a separate output block. This output block
52 .\"O has precisely the same length as was read unless the
54 .\"O conversion was specified, in which case the data is padded with NULs
55 .\"O or spaces (see below).
57 ¤Ï»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿ÆþÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º (¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ï 512 ¥Ð¥¤¥È) ¤Ç¡¢
58 °ìÅÙ¤Ë 1 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤òÆɤ߹þ¤à¡£
60 ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢
61 .BR sync ", " noerror ", " notrunc
62 °Ê³°¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢
63 Æɤ߹þ¤ó¤ÀÁ´¥Ç¡¼¥¿ (Í׵ᤵ¤ì¤¿¥µ¥¤¥º¤è¤ê¾®¤µ¤¯¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤)
64 ¤ò½ÐÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ë½ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£
67 ÊÑ´¹¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¸Â¤ê¡¢
68 Æɤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¤â¤Î¤ÈÀµ³Î¤ËƱ¤¸Ä¹¤µ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
71 ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ï NUL ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¤ÇËä¤á¤é¤ì¤ë (²¼µ»²¾È)¡£
73 .\"O Otherwise, the input, read one block at a time, is processed
74 .\"O and the resulting output is collected and written in blocks
75 .\"O of the specified output block size. The final output block
77 ¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ÆþÎϤϰìÅÙ¤Ë 1 ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤º¤ÄÆɤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ½èÍý¤µ¤ì¡¢
78 ¤½¤Î·ë²Ì¤Ï½ÐÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤Ë»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿Â礤µ¤´¤È¤Ë½ñ¤½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
79 ºÇ¸å¤Î½ÐÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ïû¤¯¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
81 .\"O The numeric-valued options below (bytes and blocks) can be followed
82 .\"O by a multiplier, as listed in \fBMULTIPLIERS\fR. Two or more of such
83 .\"O numeric expressions can be multiplied by putting \fBx\fR in between.
84 ²¼µ¤Î (¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯) ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¿ôÃÍ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¸å¤í¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
85 \fB¾è¿ô\fR¤Î¹àÌܤǵ󤲤ë¾è¿ô¤ò³¤±¤ÆÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
86 \fBx\fR ¤ò´Ö¤Ë¶´¤ó¤Ç¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¿ôÃÍɽµ¤ò 2 ¤Ä°Ê¾å³Ý¤±¤¢¤ï¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
93 .\"O instead of standard input.
94 ɸ½àÆþÎϤÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
101 .\"O instead of standard output. Unless
107 .\"O to zero bytes (or the size specified with
109 ɸ½à½ÐÎϤÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
117 ¤ò (ÌõÃí: ¥³¥Ô¡¼Á°¤Ë) 0 ¥Ð¥¤¥È (¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï
119 ¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥µ¥¤¥º) ¤ËÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤ë¡£
124 .\"O bytes at a time. The default is 512.
127 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤º¤ÄÆɤ߹þ¤à¡£¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ï 512¡£
132 .\"O bytes at a time. The default is 512.
135 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤º¤Ä½ñ¤½Ð¤¹¡£¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ï 512¡£
138 .\"O Both read and write
140 .\"O bytes at a time. This overrides
146 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤º¤ÄÆɤ߹þ¤ß¤È½ñ¤½Ð¤·¤ò¤¹¤ë¡£
153 .\"O is not equivalent with setting both
157 .\"O to this same value, at least when no conversion other than
162 .\"O is specified, since it stipulates that each input block
163 .\"O shall be copied to the output as a single block
164 .\"O without aggregating short blocks.)
169 °Ê³°¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
175 ¤ÎξÊý¤ò¤³¤ì¤ÈƱ¤¸ÃͤËÀßÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
178 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢³ÆÆþÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¬Ã±°ì¤Î½ÐÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¤ë¡¢
179 ¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Áû¤¤Ê£¿ô¤ÎÆþÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ò¤Þ¤È¤á¤Ê¤¤¡¢
180 ¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤¬µ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£)
183 .\"O Specify the conversion block size for
190 ¤ÎÊÑ´¹¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
196 .\"O blocks in the input file before copying.
200 ¸Äʬ¤À¤±ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀèƬ¤ò¥¹¥¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¡£
206 .\"O blocks in the output file before copying.
217 .\"O blocks from the input file, instead of everything
218 .\"O until the end of the file.
219 ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î½ª¤ê¤Þ¤ÇÁ´¤Æ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢
223 ¸Äʬ¤À¤±ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë¡£
225 .BI "conv=" CONVERSION "[," CONVERSION "]..."
226 .\"O Convert the file as specified by the
228 .\"O argument(s). (No spaces around any comma(s).)
231 ¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÊÑ´¹¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£(¥³¥ó¥Þ¤ÎÁ°¸å¤Ë¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¤òÃÖ¤«¤Ê¤¤¡£)
239 .\"O Convert EBCDIC to ASCII.
240 EBCDIC ¤«¤é ASCII ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
243 .\"O Convert ASCII to EBCDIC.
244 ASCII ¤«¤é EBCDIC ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
247 .\"O Convert ASCII to alternate EBCDIC.
248 ASCII ¤«¤éÊ̤Π(IBM ¤Î) EBCDIC ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
251 .\"O For each line in the input, output
253 .\"O bytes, replacing the input newline with a space and padding
254 .\"O with spaces as necessary.
255 ÆþÎϤµ¤ì¤¿³Æ¹Ô¤Ë¤Ä¤¡¢
257 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤º¤Ä¤ò½ÐÎϤ¹¤ë¡£
258 ²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤Ï¶õÇòʸ»ú¤ÇÃÖ¤´¹¤¨¡¢
259 ɬÍפǤ¢¤ì¤ÐÊ£¿ô¤Î¶õÇòʸ»ú¤òµÍ¤á¤ë¡£
262 .\"O Replace trailing spaces in each
264 .\"O input block with a newline.
267 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢
268 ËöÈø¤ÎϢ³¤·¤¿Ê£¿ô¤Î¶õÇòʸ»ú¤ò°ì¤Ä¤Î²þ¹Ôʸ»ú¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
271 Âçʸ»ú¤ò¾®Ê¸»ú¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
274 ¾®Ê¸»ú¤òÂçʸ»ú¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
277 .\"O Swap every pair of input bytes.
280 .\"O unlike others, works when an odd number of bytes are read--the last
281 .\"O byte is simply copied (since there is nothing to swap it with).
282 ÆþÎϥХ¤¥È¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î (ÌõÃð¡§2¥Ð¥¤¥È¤º¤Ä¤Î) ¥Ú¥¢¤òÆþ¤ì´¹¤¨¤ë¡£
285 ¤Ï¾¤È°ã¤¤¡¢´ñ¿ô¸Ä¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥È¤òÆɤ߹þ¤ó¤À¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤âÆ°ºî¤¹¤ë¡£
287 ºÇ¸å¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Ï (Æþ¤ì´¹¤¨¤ë¥Ð¥¤¥È¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç) ñ½ã¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
290 .\"O Continue after read errors.
291 Æɤ߹þ¤ß¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤Æ¤â·Ñ³¤¹¤ë¡£
294 .\"O Do not truncate the output file.
295 ½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤Ê¤¤¡£
296 (ÌõÃí: ½ñ¤¹þ¤ßÁ°¤ÎÀÚ¤êµÍ¤á¤ò¹Ô¤ï¤º¡¢
297 ¤½¤Î¤Þ¤ÞÀèƬ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤«¤é½ñ¤¹þ¤ß¤ò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
298 ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤È½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Æ±¤¸¾ì¹ç¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬²õ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£)
301 .\"O Pad every input block to size of
303 .\"O with trailing zero bytes.
304 .\"O with trailing NULs, unless \fBblock\fR or \fBunblock\fR was used.
305 \fBblock\fR ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \fBunblock\fR ¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢
306 ³ÆÆþÎÏ¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¢Â礤µ¤¬
308 ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Þ¤ÇϢ³¤·¤Æ NUL (¥Ð¥¤¥È 0) ¤òµÍ¤á¤ë¡£
309 »ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¤ÇµÍ¤á¤ë¡£
311 .\"O .SH "GNU STANDARD OPTIONS"
312 .SH "GNU ɸ½à¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó"
315 .\"O Print a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
316 ɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˻ÈÍÑÊýË¡¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤ÆÀµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
319 .\"O Print version information on standard output, then exit successfully.
320 ɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˥С¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¾ðÊó¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤ÆÀµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
323 .\"O Terminate option list.
324 ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¥ê¥¹¥È¤Î½ª¤ê¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£
327 .\"O Numbers may be followed by a size letter to specify a multiple of that
328 .\"O size, and a \fBB\fR to select normal bytes or a \fBD\fR to select
329 .\"O decimal "commercial" bytes. For example `1KB' is equal to `1024' and
330 .\"O `1KD' is equal to `1000'. Exceptions are \fBb\fR (512 bytes), \fBc\fR (1
331 .\"O byte), and \fBw\fR (which should never be used - it means 2 in System V and
332 .\"O 4 in 4.2BSD), which can't be followed by a \fBB\fR or \fBD\fR.
333 ¿ôÃͤθå¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ÇÜ¿ô¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¥µ¥¤¥º»ØÄêʸ»ú¤È¡¢
334 Ä̾ï¤Î¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë \fBB\fR ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï
335 10 ¿Ê¤Î¡Ö¾¦¶ÈÍѡץХ¤¥È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë \fBD\fR ¤ò
336 ³¤±¤ÆÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
337 ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð `1KB' ¤Ï `1024' ¤ÈÅù¤·¤¯¡¢`1KD' ¤Ï `1000' ¤ÈÅù¤·¤¤¡£
338 ¤³¤ÎÎã³°¤Ï \fBb\fR (512 ¥Ð¥¤¥È)¡¢\fBc\fR (1 ¥Ð¥¤¥È)¡¢
339 \fBw\fR (»È¤¦¤Ù¤¤Ç¤Ê¤¤ - System V ¤Ç¤Ï 2 ¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¡¢
340 4.2BSD ¤Ç¤Ï 4 ¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë) ¤Î 3 ¤Ä¤Ç¡¢
341 ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¸å¤Ë \fBB\fR ¤ä \fBD\fR ¤ò¤ª¤¯¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
344 .\"O kilo: 2^10 = 1024 for normal bytes, or 10^3 = 1000 for decimal bytes
345 ¥¥í: Ä̾ï¥Ð¥¤¥È»ØÄê¤Ê¤é 2^10 = 1024¡¢10 ¿Ê¥Ð¥¤¥È»ØÄê¤Ê¤é 10^3 = 1000
348 .\"O Mega: 2^20 = 1,048,576 or 10^6 = 1,000,000
349 ¥á¥¬: 2^20 = 1,048,576 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^6 = 1,000,000
352 .\"O Giga: 2^30 = 1,073,741,824 or 10^9 = 1,000,000,000
353 ¥®¥¬: 2^30 = 1,073,741,824 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^9 = 1,000,000,000
356 .\"O Tera: 2^40 = 1,099,511,627,776 or 10^12 = 1,000,000,000,000
357 ¥Æ¥é: 2^40 = 1,099,511,627,776 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^12 = 1,000,000,000,000
360 .\"O Peta: 2^50 = 1,125,899,906,842,624 or 10^15 = 1,000,000,000,000,000
361 ¥Ú¥¿: 2^50 = 1,125,899,906,842,624
362 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^15 = 1,000,000,000,000,000
365 .\"O Exa: 2^60 = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 or 10^18 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
366 ¥¨¥¯¥µ: 2^60 = 1,152,921,504,606,846,976
367 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^18 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
370 .\"O Zetta: 2^70 = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 or 10^21 =
371 .\"O 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
372 ¥¼¥¿: 2^70 = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424
373 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^21 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
376 .\"O Yotta: 2^80 = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 or 10^24 =
377 .\"O 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
378 ¥è¥¿: 2^80 = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176
379 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 10^24 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
382 .\"O The variables LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LC_MESSAGES have the
384 ÊÑ¿ô LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES ¤¬Ä̾ï¤Î°ÕÌ£¤ò»ý¤Ä¡£
385 .\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
390 .\"O This page describes
392 .\"O as found in the fileutils-4.1 package;
393 .\"O other versions may differ slightly. Mail corrections and additions to
394 .\"O aeb@cwi.nl and aw@mail1.bet1.puv.fi and ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com
395 .\"O Report bugs in the program to bug-fileutils@gnu.org.
396 ¤³¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ï fileutils-4.1 ¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¤Î
398 ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë;
399 ¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¾¯¤·°ã¤¤¤¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
400 ½¤Àµ¤äÄÉ²Ã¤Ï aeb@cwi.nl, aw@mail1.bet1.puv.fi, ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com
401 °¸¤Ë¥á¡¼¥ë¤ÇÏ¢Íí¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
402 ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥Ð¥°¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï bug-fileutils@gnu.org ¤ØÊó¹ð¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£