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[linuxjm/jm.git] / manual / gnumaniak / draft / man1 / join.1

.\" You may copy, distribute and modify under the terms of the LDP General
.\" Public License as specified in the LICENSE file that comes with the
.\" gnumaniak distribution
.\"
.\" The author kindly requests that no comments regarding the "better"
.\" suitability or up-to-date notices of any info documentation alternative
.\" is added without contacting him first.
.\"
.\" (C) 2002 Ragnar Hojland Espinosa <ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com>
.\"
.\"     GNU join man page
.\"     man pages are NOT obsolete!
.\"     <ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com>
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2000 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Sun 12 Mar 2000 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\"
.TH JOIN 1 "7 October 2002" "GNU textutils 2.1"
.\"O .SH NAME
.\"O \fBjoin\fR \- join lines on a common field
.SH ̾Á°
join \- Æó¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÆɤߡ¢¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬¶¦Ä̤ʹԤò·ë¹ç¤¹¤ë
.\"O .SH SYNOPSIS
.SH ½ñ¼°
.B join
[\fB\-i\fR]
[\fB\-1 \fIFIELD\fR]
[\fB\-2 \fIFIELD\fR]
[\fB\-a \fIFILE\-NUMBER\fR]
[\fB\-e \fISTRING\fR]
[\fB\-j \fIFIELD\fR]
[\fB\-j1 \fIFIELD\fR]
[\fB\-j2 \fIFIELD\fR]
[\fB\-o \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR]
[\fB\-t \fICHAR\fR]
[\fB\-v \fIFILE-NUMBER\fR]
.RB [ \-\-ignore\-case ]
.IR FILE1 " [" FILE2 ]

.BR join " [" \-\-help "] [" \-\-version ]
.\"O .SH DESCRIPTION
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O .B join
.\"O writes to standard output a line for each pair of input lines that have
.\"O identical join field.
.\"O If one
.\"O .I FILE
.\"O is missing or if it is a
.\"O .RB ` \- ',
.\"O standard input is used as input for that file.
.B join
¤Ï join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÆþÎϹԤγƥڥ¢¤òɸ½à½ÐÎϤËɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
°ìÊý¤Î
.I FILE
¤¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Èɸ½àÆþÎϤ«¤éÆɤ߹þ¤à¡£¤Þ¤¿
.I FILE
¤¬
.RB ` \- '
¤À¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ïɸ½àÆþÎϤ¬ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤ë¡£

.\"O \fIFILE1\fR and \fIFILE2\fR should be already sorted in increasing order
.\"O (not numerically) on the join fields; unless the \fB\-t\fR option is given,
.\"O they should be sorted ignoring blanks at the start of the join field,
.\"O as in `sort \-b'.  If the \fB\-\-ignore\-case\fR option is given, lines should
.\"O be sorted without regard to the case of characters in the join field,
.\"O as in `sort \-f'.
.IR FILE1 " ¤È " FILE2
¤Ï¼Â¹ÔÁ°¤Ë join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Î¾º½ç¤Ë¥½¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤ª¤«¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤
(¿ôÃͽç¤Î¥½¡¼¥È¤Ï¤À¤á)¡£
.B \-t
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Î
ÀèƬ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¶õÇò¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Æ¥½¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤ª¤«¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤
(`sort \-b' ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤«¤¿¤Á)¡£
.B \-\-ignore\-case
¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢³Æ¹Ô¤Ï
join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Î±ÑÂçʸ»ú¾®Ê¸»ú¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Æ¥½¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤ª¤«¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤
(`sort \-f' ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤«¤¿¤Á)¡£

.\"O The defaults are: the join field is the first field in each line;
.\"O fields in the input are separated by one or more blanks, with leading
.\"O blanks on the line ignored; fields in the output are separated by a
.\"O space; each output line consists of the join field, the remaining
.\"O fields from \fIFILE1\fR, then the remaining fields from \fIFILE2\fR.
¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÎÆ°ºî¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ê:
join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ï³Æ¹Ô¤ÎÀèƬ¤ËÍè¤ë¡£
ÆþÎÏ¤Ï 1 ¤Ä°Ê¾å¤Î¶õÇò¤Ç¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ëʬ³ä¤µ¤ì¡¢
¹ÔƬ¤Î¶õÇò¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£½ÐÎϤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Ï 1 ¤Ä¤Î¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
½ÐÎϹԤϡ¢ join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¡¢
.I FILE1
¤Î»Ä¤ê¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¡¢
.I FILE2
¤Î»Ä¤ê¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤«¤é¤Ê¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH OPTIONS
.SH ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó
.TP
.B \-1 \fIFIELD\fB, \-j1 \fIFIELD
.\"O Join on field \fIFIELD\fR (a positive integer) of \fIFILE1\fR.
.I FILE1
¤Î
.I FIELD
ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ join ¤ò¹Ô¤¦
.RI ( FIELD
¤ÏÀµ¤ÎÀ°¿ô)¡£
.TP
.B \-2 \fIFIELD\fB, \-j2 \fIFIELD
.\"O Join on field \fIFIELD\fR (a positive integer) of \fIFILE2\fR.
.I FILE2
¤Î
.I FIELD
ÈÖÌܤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ join ¤ò¹Ô¤¦
.RI ( FIELD
¤ÏÀµ¤ÎÀ°¿ô)¡£
.TP
.B \-a \fIFILE\-LIST\fB
.\"O Print a line for each unpairable line in file \fIFILE\-NUMBER\fR (either
.\"O .RB ` 1 "' or `" 2 '),
.\"O in addition to the normal output.
.I FILE\-NUMBER
.RB (` 1 "' ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï `" 2 ')
¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥Ú¥¢¤Ë¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¹Ô¤ò¡¢Ä̾ï¤Î½ÐÎϤËÄɲä·¤Æɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
.TP
.B \-e \fISTRING
.\"O Replace those output fields that are missing in the input with \fISTRING\fR.
ÆþÎϤ˥ե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤ì¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë½ÐÎÏ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ò
.I STRING
¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£
.\"nakano: ¤Á¤ç¤Ã¤ÈÆ°ºî¤¬¤è¤¯¤ï¤«¤é¤ó...
.TP
.B \-i, \-\-ignore\-case
.\"O Ignore differences in case when comparing keys.  With this option,
.\"O the lines of the input files must be ordered in the same way.  Use
.\"O `sort \-f' to produce this ordering.
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¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤È¤­¤Ï¡¢
ÆþÎÏ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤âƱ¤¸¤è¤¦¤ËÀ°Î󤵤»¤Æ¤ª¤«¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÀ°Îó¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤Ë¤Ï `sort \-f' ¤ò»È¤¨¤ÐÎɤ¤¡£
.TP
.B \-j \fIFIELD
.\"O Equivalent to \fB\-1 \fIFIELD \fB\-2 \fIFIELD\fR.
.B \-1
.I FIELD
.B \-2
.I FIELD
¤ÈƱ¤¸¡£
.TP
.B \-o \fIFIELD\-LIST...
.\"O Construct each output line according to the format in \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR.
.\"O Each element in \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR is either the single character `\fB0\fR' or
.\"O has the form \fIM\fB.\fIN\fR where the file number, \fIM\fR, is 
.\"O .RB ` 1 "' or `" 2 '
.\"O and \fIN\fR is a positive field number.
½ÐÎϹԤΥե©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Ë
.I FIELD\-LIST
¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¡£
.I FIELD\-LIST
¤Î³ÆÍ×ÁǤϡ¢°ìʸ»ú `\fB0\fP' ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \fIM\fB.\fIN\fR ¤Î·Á¼°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¤³¤³¤Ç \fIM\fP ¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÈÖ¹æ¤Ç
.RB ` 1 "' ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï `" 2 '
¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ \fIN\fP ¤ÏÀµ¤ÎÀ°¿ô¤Ç¡¢¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ÎÈÖ¹æ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.sp
.\"O A field specification of `\fB0\fR' denotes the join field.  In most
.\"O cases, the functionality of the `\fB0\fR' field spec may be reproduced
.\"O using the explicit \fIM\fB.\fIN\fR that corresponds to the join field.
.\"O However, when printing unpairable lines (using either or \fB\-a\fR
.\"O or \fB\-v\fR options), there is no way to specify the join field using
.\"O \fIM\fB.\fIN\fR in \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR if there are unpairable lines in both
.\"O files.  To give \fBjoin\fR that functionality, POSIX invented the 
.\"O `\fB0\fR' field specification notation.
¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É»ØÄê `\fB0\fP' ¤Ï join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤òɽ¤¹¡£
¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ `\fB0\fP' ¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï \fIM\fB.\fIN\fR ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ
join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤òÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤ä¤êÊý¤Ç¤âºÆ¸½²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¡£
¤·¤«¤·¡¢ (\fB\-a\fP ¤ä \fB\-v\fP ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë)
¥Ú¥¢¤Ë¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¹Ô¤âɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢Î¾Êý¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë
¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¹Ô¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È¡¢ \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR ¤Ç
\fIM\fB.\fIN\fR ¤ò»È¤¦¤ä¤êÊý¤Ç¤Ï
join ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¡£
.B join
¤Ë¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢ POSIX ¤Ç
`\fB0\fR' ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É»ØÄê¤Îµ­½Ò¤¬È¯ÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
.sp
.\"O The elements in \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR are separated by commas or blanks.
.\"O Multiple \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR arguments can be given after a single \fB\-o\fR
.\"O option; the values of all lists given with \fB\-o\fR are concatenated
.\"O together.  All output lines \- including those printed because of
.\"O any \fB\-a\fR or \fB\-v\fR option \- are subject to the specified
.\"O \fIFIELD\-LIST\fR.
\fIFIELD\-LIST\fP ¤Î³ÆÍ×ÁǤϥ³¥ó¥Þ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¶õÇò¤Ç¶èÀÚ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£
°ì¤Ä¤Î \fB\-o\fP ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¸å¤ËÊ£¿ô¤Î \fIFIELD\-LIST\fP
°ú¿ô¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤â½ÐÍè¤ë¡£ \fB\-o\fP ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó°Ê¹ß¤Î
Á´¤Æ¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤ÎÃͤϷë¹ç¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
\fIFIELD\-LIST\fR ¤Î»ØÄê¤Ï¡¢
(\fB\-a\fP ¤ä \fB\-v\fP ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ËͳÍ褹¤ë¤â¤Î¤â´Þ¤á)
Á´¤Æ¤Î½ÐÎϹԤËŬÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
.TP
.B \-t \fICHAR
.\"O Use character \fICHAR\fR as the input and output field separator.
ÆþÎÏ¡¦½ÐÎϤΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¶èÀÚ¤ê¤Ëʸ»ú \fICHAR\fP ¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¡£
.TP
.B \-v \fIFILE\-NUMBER
.\"O Print a line for each unpairable line in file \fIFILE\-NUMBER\fR (either 
.\"O .RB ` 1 "' or `" 2 '),
.\"O instead of the normal output. 
Ä̾ï¤Î½ÐÎϤǤϤʤ¯¡¢
.I FILE\-NUMBER
.RB (` 1 "' ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï `" 2 ')
¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡¢¥Ú¥¢¤Ë¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¹Ô¤À¤±¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¡£
.TP
.B "\-\-help"
.\"O Print a usage message on standard output and exit successfully.
ɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˻ÈÍÑÊýË¡¤Î¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤ÆÀµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
.TP
.B "\-\-version"
.\"O Print version information on standard output then exit successfully.
ɸ½à½ÐÎϤ˥С¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¾ðÊó¤ò½ÐÎϤ·¤ÆÀµ¾ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O Report bugs to bug-textutils@gnu.org.
.\"O .br
.\"O Man page by Ragnar Hojland Espinosa <ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com>
¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥Ð¥°¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï bug-textutils@gnu.org ¤ËÊó¹ð¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
.br
man ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ï Ragnar Hojland Espinosa <ragnar@ragnar-hojland.com> ¤¬ºîÀ®¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£