1 /*********************************************************************
5 * Description: General queue implementation
6 * Status: Experimental.
7 * Author: Dag Brattli <dagb@cs.uit.no>
8 * Created at: Tue Jun 9 13:29:31 1998
9 * Modified at: Sun Dec 12 13:48:22 1999
10 * Modified by: Dag Brattli <dagb@cs.uit.no>
11 * Modified at: Thu Jan 4 14:29:10 CET 2001
12 * Modified by: Marc Zyngier <mzyngier@freesurf.fr>
14 * Copyright (C) 1998-1999, Aage Kvalnes <aage@cs.uit.no>
15 * Copyright (C) 1998, Dag Brattli,
16 * All Rights Reserved.
18 * This code is taken from the Vortex Operating System written by Aage
19 * Kvalnes. Aage has agreed that this code can use the GPL licence,
20 * although he does not use that licence in his own code.
22 * This copyright does however _not_ include the ELF hash() function
23 * which I currently don't know which licence or copyright it
24 * has. Please inform me if you know.
26 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
27 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
28 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
29 * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
31 * Neither Dag Brattli nor University of Tromsø admit liability nor
32 * provide warranty for any of this software. This material is
33 * provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
35 ********************************************************************/
39 * There are various problems with this package :
40 * o the hash function for ints is pathetic (but could be changed)
41 * o locking is sometime suspicious (especially during enumeration)
42 * o most users have only a few elements (== overhead)
43 * o most users never use search, so don't benefit from hashing
44 * Problem already fixed :
45 * o not 64 bit compliant (most users do hashv = (int) self)
46 * o hashbin_remove() is broken => use hashbin_remove_this()
47 * I think most users would be better served by a simple linked list
48 * (like include/linux/list.h) with a global spinlock per list.
53 * Notes on the concurrent access to hashbin and other SMP issues
54 * -------------------------------------------------------------
55 * Hashbins are very often in the IrDA stack a global repository of
56 * information, and therefore used in a very asynchronous manner following
57 * various events (driver calls, timers, user calls...).
58 * Therefore, very often it is highly important to consider the
59 * management of concurrent access to the hashbin and how to guarantee the
60 * consistency of the operations on it.
62 * First, we need to define the objective of locking :
63 * 1) Protect user data (content pointed by the hashbin)
64 * 2) Protect hashbin structure itself (linked list in each bin)
69 * The previous locking strategy, either HB_LOCAL or HB_GLOBAL were
70 * both inadequate in *both* aspect.
71 * o HB_GLOBAL was using a spinlock for each bin (local locking).
72 * o HB_LOCAL was disabling irq on *all* CPUs, so use a single
75 * A) Global irq disabling is no longer supported by the kernel
76 * B) No protection for the hashbin struct global data
79 * C) No protection for user data in some cases
81 * A) HB_LOCAL use global irq disabling, so doesn't work on kernel
82 * 2.5.X. Even when it is supported (kernel 2.4.X and earlier), its
83 * performance is not satisfactory on SMP setups. Most hashbins were
84 * HB_LOCAL, so (A) definitely need fixing.
85 * B) HB_LOCAL could be modified to fix (B). However, because HB_GLOBAL
86 * lock only the individual bins, it will never be able to lock the
87 * global data, so can't do (B).
88 * C) Some functions return pointer to data that is still in the
91 * o hashbin_get_first()
92 * o hashbin_get_next()
93 * As the data is still in the hashbin, it may be changed or free'd
94 * while the caller is examinimg the data. In those case, locking can't
95 * be done within the hashbin, but must include use of the data within
97 * The caller can easily do this with HB_LOCAL (just disable irqs).
98 * However, this is impossible with HB_GLOBAL because the caller has no
99 * way to know the proper bin, so don't know which spinlock to use.
101 * Quick summary : can no longer use HB_LOCAL, and HB_GLOBAL is
102 * fundamentally broken and will never work.
107 * To fix those problems, I've introduce a few changes in the
109 * 1) New HB_LOCK scheme
110 * 2) hashbin->hb_spinlock
111 * 3) New hashbin usage policy
115 * HB_LOCK is a locking scheme intermediate between the old HB_LOCAL
116 * and HB_GLOBAL. It uses a single spinlock to protect the whole content
117 * of the hashbin. As it is a single spinlock, it can protect the global
118 * data of the hashbin and not only the bins themselves.
119 * HB_LOCK can only protect some of the hashbin calls, so it only lock
120 * call that can be made 100% safe and leave other call unprotected.
121 * HB_LOCK in theory is slower than HB_GLOBAL, but as the hashbin
122 * content is always small contention is not high, so it doesn't matter
123 * much. HB_LOCK is probably faster than HB_LOCAL.
125 * hashbin->hb_spinlock :
126 * --------------------
127 * The spinlock that HB_LOCK uses is available for caller, so that
128 * the caller can protect unprotected calls (see below).
129 * If the caller want to do entirely its own locking (HB_NOLOCK), he
130 * can do so and may use safely this spinlock.
131 * Locking is done like this :
132 * spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
133 * Releasing the lock :
134 * spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
136 * Safe & Protected calls :
137 * ----------------------
138 * The following calls are safe or protected via HB_LOCK :
139 * o hashbin_new() -> safe
142 * o hashbin_remove_first()
144 * o hashbin_remove_this()
145 * o HASHBIN_GET_SIZE() -> atomic
147 * The following calls only protect the hashbin itself :
148 * o hashbin_lock_find()
149 * o hashbin_find_next()
151 * Unprotected calls :
153 * The following calls need to be protected by the caller :
155 * o hashbin_get_first()
156 * o hashbin_get_next()
160 * If the hashbin is used only in a single thread of execution
161 * (explicitly or implicitely), you can use HB_NOLOCK
162 * If the calling module already provide concurrent access protection,
163 * you may use HB_NOLOCK.
165 * In all other cases, you need to use HB_LOCK and lock the hashbin
166 * every time before calling one of the unprotected calls. You also must
167 * use the pointer returned by the unprotected call within the locked
170 * Extra care for enumeration :
171 * --------------------------
172 * hashbin_get_first() and hashbin_get_next() use the hashbin to
173 * store the current position, in hb_current.
174 * As long as the hashbin remains locked, this is safe. If you unlock
175 * the hashbin, the current position may change if anybody else modify
176 * or enumerate the hashbin.
177 * Summary : do the full enumeration while locked.
179 * Alternatively, you may use hashbin_find_next(). But, this will
180 * be slower, is more complex to use and doesn't protect the hashbin
181 * content. So, care is needed here as well.
185 * I believe that we are overdoing it by using spin_lock_irqsave()
186 * and we should use only spin_lock_bh() or similar. But, I don't have
187 * the balls to try it out.
188 * Don't believe that because hashbin are now (somewhat) SMP safe
189 * that the rest of the code is. Higher layers tend to be safest,
190 * but LAP and LMP would need some serious dedicated love.
194 #include <linux/module.h>
195 #include <linux/slab.h>
197 #include <net/irda/irda.h>
198 #include <net/irda/irqueue.h>
200 /************************ QUEUE SUBROUTINES ************************/
205 #define GET_HASHBIN(x) ( x & HASHBIN_MASK )
208 * Function hash (name)
210 * This function hash the input string 'name' using the ELF hash
211 * function for strings.
213 static __u32 hash( const char* name)
219 h = (h<<4) + *name++;
220 if ((g = (h & 0xf0000000)))
228 * Function enqueue_first (queue, proc)
230 * Insert item first in queue.
233 static void enqueue_first(irda_queue_t **queue, irda_queue_t* element)
237 * Check if queue is empty.
239 if ( *queue == NULL ) {
241 * Queue is empty. Insert one element into the queue.
243 element->q_next = element->q_prev = *queue = element;
247 * Queue is not empty. Insert element into front of queue.
249 element->q_next = (*queue);
250 (*queue)->q_prev->q_next = element;
251 element->q_prev = (*queue)->q_prev;
252 (*queue)->q_prev = element;
259 * Function dequeue (queue)
261 * Remove first entry in queue
264 static irda_queue_t *dequeue_first(irda_queue_t **queue)
268 pr_debug("dequeue_first()\n");
275 if ( *queue == NULL ) {
279 } else if ( (*queue)->q_next == *queue ) {
281 * Queue only contained a single element. It will now be
287 * Queue contained several element. Remove the first one.
289 (*queue)->q_prev->q_next = (*queue)->q_next;
290 (*queue)->q_next->q_prev = (*queue)->q_prev;
291 *queue = (*queue)->q_next;
295 * Return the removed entry (or NULL of queue was empty).
301 * Function dequeue_general (queue, element)
305 static irda_queue_t *dequeue_general(irda_queue_t **queue, irda_queue_t* element)
309 pr_debug("dequeue_general()\n");
316 if ( *queue == NULL ) {
320 } else if ( (*queue)->q_next == *queue ) {
322 * Queue only contained a single element. It will now be
329 * Remove specific element.
331 element->q_prev->q_next = element->q_next;
332 element->q_next->q_prev = element->q_prev;
333 if ( (*queue) == element)
334 (*queue) = element->q_next;
338 * Return the removed entry (or NULL of queue was empty).
343 /************************ HASHBIN MANAGEMENT ************************/
346 * Function hashbin_create ( type, name )
351 hashbin_t *hashbin_new(int type)
356 * Allocate new hashbin
358 hashbin = kzalloc(sizeof(*hashbin), GFP_ATOMIC);
363 * Initialize structure
365 hashbin->hb_type = type;
366 hashbin->magic = HB_MAGIC;
367 //hashbin->hb_current = NULL;
369 /* Make sure all spinlock's are unlocked */
370 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
371 spin_lock_init(&hashbin->hb_spinlock);
376 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_new);
380 * Function hashbin_delete (hashbin, free_func)
382 * Destroy hashbin, the free_func can be a user supplied special routine
383 * for deallocating this structure if it's complex. If not the user can
384 * just supply kfree, which should take care of the job.
386 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
387 static int hashbin_lock_depth = 0;
389 int hashbin_delete( hashbin_t* hashbin, FREE_FUNC free_func)
392 unsigned long flags = 0;
395 IRDA_ASSERT(hashbin != NULL, return -1;);
396 IRDA_ASSERT(hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return -1;);
399 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
400 spin_lock_irqsave_nested(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags,
401 hashbin_lock_depth++);
405 * Free the entries in the hashbin, TODO: use hashbin_clear when
406 * it has been shown to work
408 for (i = 0; i < HASHBIN_SIZE; i ++ ) {
409 queue = dequeue_first((irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[i]);
413 queue = dequeue_first(
414 (irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[i]);
418 /* Cleanup local data */
419 hashbin->hb_current = NULL;
420 hashbin->magic = ~HB_MAGIC;
423 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK) {
424 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
425 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
426 hashbin_lock_depth--;
431 * Free the hashbin structure
437 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_delete);
439 /********************* HASHBIN LIST OPERATIONS *********************/
442 * Function hashbin_insert (hashbin, entry, name)
444 * Insert an entry into the hashbin
447 void hashbin_insert(hashbin_t* hashbin, irda_queue_t* entry, long hashv,
450 unsigned long flags = 0;
453 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return;);
454 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return;);
460 hashv = hash( name );
461 bin = GET_HASHBIN( hashv );
464 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
465 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
466 } /* Default is no-lock */
471 entry->q_hash = hashv;
473 strlcpy( entry->q_name, name, sizeof(entry->q_name));
476 * Insert new entry first
478 enqueue_first( (irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ],
483 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
484 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
485 } /* Default is no-lock */
487 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_insert);
490 * Function hashbin_remove_first (hashbin)
492 * Remove first entry of the hashbin
494 * Note : this function no longer use hashbin_remove(), but does things
495 * similar to hashbin_remove_this(), so can be considered safe.
498 void *hashbin_remove_first( hashbin_t *hashbin)
500 unsigned long flags = 0;
501 irda_queue_t *entry = NULL;
504 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
505 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
506 } /* Default is no-lock */
508 entry = hashbin_get_first( hashbin);
509 if ( entry != NULL) {
515 hashv = entry->q_hash;
516 bin = GET_HASHBIN( hashv );
519 * Dequeue the entry...
521 dequeue_general( (irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ],
524 entry->q_next = NULL;
525 entry->q_prev = NULL;
528 * Check if this item is the currently selected item, and in
529 * that case we must reset hb_current
531 if ( entry == hashbin->hb_current)
532 hashbin->hb_current = NULL;
536 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
537 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
538 } /* Default is no-lock */
545 * Function hashbin_remove (hashbin, hashv, name)
547 * Remove entry with the given name
549 * The use of this function is highly discouraged, because the whole
550 * concept behind hashbin_remove() is broken. In many cases, it's not
551 * possible to guarantee the unicity of the index (either hashv or name),
552 * leading to removing the WRONG entry.
553 * The only simple safe use is :
554 * hashbin_remove(hasbin, (int) self, NULL);
555 * In other case, you must think hard to guarantee unicity of the index.
558 void* hashbin_remove( hashbin_t* hashbin, long hashv, const char* name)
560 int bin, found = FALSE;
561 unsigned long flags = 0;
564 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return NULL;);
565 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return NULL;);
571 hashv = hash( name );
572 bin = GET_HASHBIN( hashv );
575 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
576 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
577 } /* Default is no-lock */
582 entry = hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ];
588 if ( entry->q_hash == hashv ) {
593 if ( strcmp( entry->q_name, name) == 0)
603 entry = entry->q_next;
604 } while ( entry != hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ] );
608 * If entry was found, dequeue it
611 dequeue_general( (irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ],
616 * Check if this item is the currently selected item, and in
617 * that case we must reset hb_current
619 if ( entry == hashbin->hb_current)
620 hashbin->hb_current = NULL;
624 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
625 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
626 } /* Default is no-lock */
636 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_remove);
639 * Function hashbin_remove_this (hashbin, entry)
641 * Remove entry with the given name
643 * In some cases, the user of hashbin can't guarantee the unicity
644 * of either the hashv or name.
645 * In those cases, using the above function is guaranteed to cause troubles,
646 * so we use this one instead...
647 * And by the way, it's also faster, because we skip the search phase ;-)
649 void* hashbin_remove_this( hashbin_t* hashbin, irda_queue_t* entry)
651 unsigned long flags = 0;
655 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return NULL;);
656 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return NULL;);
657 IRDA_ASSERT( entry != NULL, return NULL;);
660 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
661 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
662 } /* Default is no-lock */
664 /* Check if valid and not already removed... */
665 if((entry->q_next == NULL) || (entry->q_prev == NULL)) {
673 hashv = entry->q_hash;
674 bin = GET_HASHBIN( hashv );
677 * Dequeue the entry...
679 dequeue_general( (irda_queue_t**) &hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ],
682 entry->q_next = NULL;
683 entry->q_prev = NULL;
686 * Check if this item is the currently selected item, and in
687 * that case we must reset hb_current
689 if ( entry == hashbin->hb_current)
690 hashbin->hb_current = NULL;
693 if ( hashbin->hb_type & HB_LOCK ) {
694 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
695 } /* Default is no-lock */
699 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_remove_this);
701 /*********************** HASHBIN ENUMERATION ***********************/
704 * Function hashbin_common_find (hashbin, hashv, name)
706 * Find item with the given hashv or name
709 void* hashbin_find( hashbin_t* hashbin, long hashv, const char* name )
714 pr_debug("hashbin_find()\n");
716 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return NULL;);
717 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return NULL;);
723 hashv = hash( name );
724 bin = GET_HASHBIN( hashv );
729 entry = hashbin->hb_queue[ bin];
735 if ( entry->q_hash == hashv ) {
740 if ( strcmp( entry->q_name, name ) == 0 ) {
747 entry = entry->q_next;
748 } while ( entry != hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ] );
753 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_find);
756 * Function hashbin_lock_find (hashbin, hashv, name)
758 * Find item with the given hashv or name
760 * Same, but with spinlock protection...
761 * I call it safe, but it's only safe with respect to the hashbin, not its
764 void* hashbin_lock_find( hashbin_t* hashbin, long hashv, const char* name )
766 unsigned long flags = 0;
770 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
775 entry = hashbin_find(hashbin, hashv, name);
778 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
782 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_lock_find);
785 * Function hashbin_find (hashbin, hashv, name, pnext)
787 * Find an item with the given hashv or name, and its successor
789 * This function allow to do concurrent enumerations without the
790 * need to lock over the whole session, because the caller keep the
791 * context of the search. On the other hand, it might fail and return
792 * NULL if the entry is removed. - Jean II
794 void* hashbin_find_next( hashbin_t* hashbin, long hashv, const char* name,
797 unsigned long flags = 0;
801 spin_lock_irqsave(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
804 * Search for current entry
805 * This allow to check if the current item is still in the
806 * hashbin or has been removed.
808 entry = hashbin_find(hashbin, hashv, name);
811 * Trick hashbin_get_next() to return what we want
814 hashbin->hb_current = entry;
815 *pnext = hashbin_get_next( hashbin );
820 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&hashbin->hb_spinlock, flags);
826 * Function hashbin_get_first (hashbin)
828 * Get a pointer to first element in hashbin, this function must be
829 * called before any calls to hashbin_get_next()!
832 irda_queue_t *hashbin_get_first( hashbin_t* hashbin)
837 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return NULL;);
838 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return NULL;);
840 if ( hashbin == NULL)
843 for ( i = 0; i < HASHBIN_SIZE; i ++ ) {
844 entry = hashbin->hb_queue[ i];
846 hashbin->hb_current = entry;
851 * Did not find any item in hashbin
855 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_get_first);
858 * Function hashbin_get_next (hashbin)
860 * Get next item in hashbin. A series of hashbin_get_next() calls must
861 * be started by a call to hashbin_get_first(). The function returns
862 * NULL when all items have been traversed
864 * The context of the search is stored within the hashbin, so you must
865 * protect yourself from concurrent enumerations. - Jean II
867 irda_queue_t *hashbin_get_next( hashbin_t *hashbin)
873 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin != NULL, return NULL;);
874 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->magic == HB_MAGIC, return NULL;);
876 if ( hashbin->hb_current == NULL) {
877 IRDA_ASSERT( hashbin->hb_current != NULL, return NULL;);
880 entry = hashbin->hb_current->q_next;
881 bin = GET_HASHBIN( entry->q_hash);
884 * Make sure that we are not back at the beginning of the queue
887 if ( entry != hashbin->hb_queue[ bin ]) {
888 hashbin->hb_current = entry;
894 * Check that this is not the last queue in hashbin
896 if ( bin >= HASHBIN_SIZE)
900 * Move to next queue in hashbin
903 for ( i = bin; i < HASHBIN_SIZE; i++ ) {
904 entry = hashbin->hb_queue[ i];
906 hashbin->hb_current = entry;
913 EXPORT_SYMBOL(hashbin_get_next);