3 <<strtoul>>---string to unsigned long
12 unsigned long strtoul(const char *<[s]>, char **<[ptr]>,
15 unsigned long _strtoul_r(void *<[reent]>, const char *<[s]>,
16 char **<[ptr]>, int <[base]>);
20 unsigned long strtoul(<[s]>, <[ptr]>, <[base]>)
25 unsigned long _strtoul_r(<[reent]>, <[s]>, <[ptr]>, <[base]>)
32 The function <<strtoul>> converts the string <<*<[s]>>> to
33 an <<unsigned long>>. First, it breaks down the string into three parts:
34 leading whitespace, which is ignored; a subject string consisting
35 of the digits meaningful in the radix specified by <[base]>
36 (for example, <<0>> through <<7>> if the value of <[base]> is 8);
37 and a trailing portion consisting of one or more unparseable characters,
38 which always includes the terminating null character. Then, it attempts
39 to convert the subject string into an unsigned long integer, and returns the
42 If the value of <[base]> is zero, the subject string is expected to look
43 like a normal C integer constant (save that no optional sign is permitted):
44 a possible <<0x>> indicating hexadecimal radix, and a number.
45 If <[base]> is between 2 and 36, the expected form of the subject is a
46 sequence of digits (which may include letters, depending on the
47 base) representing an integer in the radix specified by <[base]>.
48 The letters <<a>>--<<z>> (or <<A>>--<<Z>>) are used as digits valued from
49 10 to 35. If <[base]> is 16, a leading <<0x>> is permitted.
51 The subject sequence is the longest initial sequence of the input
52 string that has the expected form, starting with the first
53 non-whitespace character. If the string is empty or consists entirely
54 of whitespace, or if the first non-whitespace character is not a
55 permissible digit, the subject string is empty.
57 If the subject string is acceptable, and the value of <[base]> is zero,
58 <<strtoul>> attempts to determine the radix from the input string. A
59 string with a leading <<0x>> is treated as a hexadecimal value; a string with
60 a leading <<0>> and no <<x>> is treated as octal; all other strings are
61 treated as decimal. If <[base]> is between 2 and 36, it is used as the
62 conversion radix, as described above. Finally, a pointer to the first
63 character past the converted subject string is stored in <[ptr]>, if
64 <[ptr]> is not <<NULL>>.
66 If the subject string is empty (that is, if <<*>><[s]> does not start
67 with a substring in acceptable form), no conversion
68 is performed and the value of <[s]> is stored in <[ptr]> (if <[ptr]> is
71 The alternate function <<_strtoul_r>> is a reentrant version. The
72 extra argument <[reent]> is a pointer to a reentrancy structure.
76 <<strtoul>> returns the converted value, if any. If no conversion was
77 made, <<0>> is returned.
79 <<strtoul>> returns <<ULONG_MAX>> if the magnitude of the converted
80 value is too large, and sets <<errno>> to <<ERANGE>>.
85 <<strtoul>> requires no supporting OS subroutines.
89 * Copyright (c) 1990 Regents of the University of California.
90 * All rights reserved.
92 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
93 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
95 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
96 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
97 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
98 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
99 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
100 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
101 * must display the following acknowledgement:
102 * This product includes software developed by the University of
103 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
104 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
105 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
106 * without specific prior written permission.
108 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
109 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
110 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
111 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
112 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
113 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
114 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
115 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
116 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
117 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
129 * Convert a string to an unsigned long integer.
131 * Ignores `locale' stuff. Assumes that the upper and lower case
132 * alphabets and digits are each contiguous.
135 _DEFUN (_strtoul_r, (rptr, nptr, endptr, base),
136 struct _reent *rptr _AND
137 _CONST char *nptr _AND
141 register const char *s = nptr;
142 register unsigned long acc;
144 register unsigned long cutoff;
145 register int neg = 0, any, cutlim;
148 * See strtol for comments as to the logic used.
152 } while (isspace(c));
158 if ((base == 0 || base == 16) &&
159 c == '0' && (*s == 'x' || *s == 'X')) {
165 base = c == '0' ? 8 : 10;
166 cutoff = (unsigned long)ULONG_MAX / (unsigned long)base;
167 cutlim = (unsigned long)ULONG_MAX % (unsigned long)base;
168 for (acc = 0, any = 0;; c = *s++) {
172 c -= isupper(c) ? 'A' - 10 : 'a' - 10;
177 if (any < 0 || acc > cutoff || (acc == cutoff && c > cutlim))
187 rptr->_errno = ERANGE;
191 *endptr = (char *) (any ? s - 1 : nptr);
198 _DEFUN (strtoul, (s, ptr, base),
203 return _strtoul_r (_REENT, s, ptr, base);