1 .\" Copyright (C) 1994 Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)
2 .\" Copyright (C) 2008 Petr Baudis (pasky@suse.cz)
3 .\" Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk@manpages@gmail.com>
5 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_SW_3_PARA)
6 .\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 .\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 .\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 .\" (at your option) any later version.
11 .\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 .\" GNU General Public License for more details.
16 .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
17 .\" License along with this manual; if not, see
18 .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
21 .\" 2008-06-17 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
22 .\" LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday
24 .TH LOCALE 5 2014-03-18 "Linux" "Linux User Manual"
26 locale \- describes a locale definition file
30 definition file contains all the information that the
32 command needs to convert it into the binary locale database.
34 The definition files consist of sections which each describe a
35 locale category in detail.
37 The locale definition file starts with a header that may consist
38 of the following keywords:
41 is followed by a character that should be used as the
42 escape-character for the rest of the file to mark characters that
43 should be interpreted in a special way.
44 It defaults to the backslash (\\).
47 is followed by a character that will be used as the
48 comment-character for the rest of the file.
49 It defaults to the number sign (#).
51 The locale definition has one part for each locale category.
52 Each part can be copied from another existing locale or
53 can be defined from scratch.
54 If the category should be copied,
55 the only valid keyword in the definition is
57 followed by the name of the locale which should be copied.
58 .SS Locale category sections
59 The following category sections are defined by POSIX:
73 In addition, since version 2.2,
74 the GNU C library supports the following nonstandard categories:
88 The definition starts with the string
92 The following keywords are allowed:
93 .\" Thanks to the kind folk who wrote localedata/locales/uk_UA
96 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
97 the format used for postal addresses in the locale.
98 The following field descriptors are recognized:
99 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
103 .\" BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not supported
105 .\" Person's name, possibly constructed with the
111 Care of person, or organization.
123 Street or block (e.g., Japanese) name.
126 House number or designation.
129 Insert an end-of-line if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty
130 string; otherwise ignore.
133 Insert a space if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty string;
137 Room number, door designation.
143 Country designation, from the <country_post> keyword.
146 .\" BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not
147 .\" supported by glibc
148 .\" Local township within town or city.
151 Zip number, postal code.
157 State, province, or prefecture.
160 Country, as taken from data record.
162 Each field descriptor may have an \(aqR\(aq after
163 the \(aq%\(aq to specify that the
164 information is taken from a Romanized version string of the
170 followed by the country name in the language of the current document
171 (e.g., "Deutschland" for the
176 followed by the abbreviation of the country (see CERT_MAILCODES).
179 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
182 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
185 followed by the numeric country code (ISO 3166).
188 followed by the code for the country car number.
191 followed by the ISBN code (for books).
194 followed by the language name in the language of the current document.
197 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639).
200 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639-2).
203 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language for
204 library use (ISO 639-2).
208 definition ends with the string
209 .IR "END LC_ADDRESS" .
211 The definition starts with the string
215 The following keywords are allowed:
216 .\" FIXME translit_start + translit_end are not documented
217 .\" FIXME 'charclass' is not documented
218 .\" FIXME 'charconv' is not documented
219 .\" FIXME 'outdigit' is not documented
220 .\" FIXME 'include' is not documented
221 .\" FIXME 'map' (to_inpunct, to_outpunct) is not documented
224 followed by a list of uppercase letters.
229 are included automatically.
230 Characters also specified as
239 followed by a list of lowercase letters.
244 are included automatically.
245 Characters also specified as
254 followed by a list of letters.
255 All character specified as either
259 are automatically included.
260 Characters also specified as
269 followed by the characters classified as numeric digits.
276 They are included by default in this class.
279 followed by a list of characters defined as white-space
281 Characters also specified as
294 .BR <carriage-return> ,
298 are automatically included.
301 followed by a list of control characters.
302 Characters also specified as
315 followed by a list of punctuation characters.
326 character are not allowed.
329 followed by a list of printable characters, not including the
332 The characters defined as
340 are automatically included.
341 Characters also specified as
346 followed by a list of printable characters, including the
349 The characters defined as
358 character are automatically included.
359 Characters also specified as
364 followed by a list of characters classified as hexadecimal
366 The decimal digits must be included followed by one or
367 more set of six characters in ascending order.
369 characters are included by default:
381 followed by a list of characters classified as
387 are automatically included.
390 followed by a list of mappings from lowercase to uppercase
392 Each mapping is a pair of a lowercase and an uppercase letter
395 and enclosed in parentheses.
396 The members of the list are separated
400 followed by a list of mappings from uppercase to lowercase
402 If the keyword tolower is not present, the reverse of the
403 toupper list is used.
407 definition ends with the string
410 .\" FIXME: the decsription of LC_COLLATE lacks a lot of details
413 category defines the rules for collating characters.
415 limitations of libc not all POSIX-options are implemented.
417 The definition starts with the string
421 The following keywords are allowed:
422 .\" FIXME 'reorder-after' is not documented
423 .\" FIXME 'reorder-end' is not documented
424 .\" FIXME 'reorder-sections-after' is not documented
425 .\" FIXME 'reorder-sections-end' is not documented
426 .\" FIXME 'script' is not documented
427 .\" FIXME 'symbol-equivalence' is not documented
433 The order-definition starts with a line:
437 followed by a list of keywords chosen from
442 The order definition consists of lines that describe the order
443 and is terminated with the keyword
447 For more details see the sources in
457 definition ends with the string
458 .IR "END LC_COLLATE" .
459 .SS LC_IDENTIFICATION
460 This category contains meta-information about the locale definition.
462 The definition starts with the string
466 The following keywords are allowed:
469 followed by the title of the locale document
470 (e.g., "Maori language locale for New Zealand").
473 followed by the name of the organization that maintains this document.
476 followed by the address of the organization that maintains this document.
479 followed by the name of the contact person at
480 the organization that maintains this document.
483 followed by the email address of the person or
484 organization that maintains this document.
487 followed by the telephone number (in international format)
488 of the organization that maintains this document.
491 followed by the fax number (in international format)
492 of the organization that maintains this document.
495 followed by the name of the language to which this document applies.
498 followed by the name of the country/geographic extent
499 to which this document applies.
502 followed by a description of the audience for which this document is intended.
505 followed by a description of any special application
506 for which this document is intended.
509 .\" as far as I can tell... (mtk)
510 followed by the short name for this document.
513 followed by the revision number of this document.
516 followed by the revision date of this document.
518 In addition, for each of the categories defined by the document,
519 there should be a line starting with the keyword
523 a string that identifies this locale category definition,
533 definition ends with the string
534 .IR "END LC_IDENTIFICATION" .
536 The definition starts with the string
540 The following keywords are allowed:
543 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
547 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
551 followed by the output string corresponding to "yes".
554 followed by the output string corresponding to "no".
558 definition ends with the string
559 .IR "END LC_MESSAGES" .
561 The definition starts with the string
565 The following keywords are allowed:
568 followed by number identifying the standard used for measurement.
569 The following values are recognized:
576 US customary measurements.
581 definition ends with the string
582 .IR "END LC_MEASUREMENT" .
584 The definition starts with the string
588 The following keywords are allowed:
591 followed by the international currency symbol.
593 4-character string containing the international currency symbol as
594 defined by the ISO 4217 standard (three characters) followed by a
598 followed by the local currency symbol.
601 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
602 when formatting monetary quantities.
605 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
606 when formatting monetary quantities.
609 followed by a string that describes the formatting of numeric
613 followed by a string that is used to indicate a positive sign for
617 followed by a string that is used to indicate a negative sign for
621 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
623 .IR int_curr_symbol .
626 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
628 .IR currency_symbol .
631 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
633 for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity:
637 the symbol succeeds the value.
640 the symbol precedes the value.
644 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
646 for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
647 The same values are recognized as for
651 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
652 .I int_currency_symbol
653 for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
654 The same values are recognized as for
658 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
659 .I int_currency_symbol
660 for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
661 The same values are recognized as for
665 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
666 .IR currency_symbol ,
667 the sign string, and the value for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity.
668 The following values are recognized:
672 No space separates the currency symbol and the value.
675 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
676 a space separates them from the value;
677 otherwise a space separates the currency symbol and the value.
680 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
681 a space separates them from the value;
682 otherwise a space separates the sign string and the value.
686 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
687 .IR currency_symbol ,
688 the sign string, and the value for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
689 The same values are recognized as for
692 .I int_p_sep_by_space
693 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
694 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
696 and the value for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
697 The same values are recognized as for
700 .I int_n_sep_by_space
701 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
702 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
704 and the value for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
705 The same values are recognized as for
709 followed by an integer that indicates where the
711 should be placed for a nonnegative monetary quantity:
715 Parentheses enclose the quantity and the
718 .IR int_curr_symbol .
721 The sign string precedes the quantity and the
724 .IR int_curr_symbol .
727 The sign string succeeds the quantity and the
730 .IR int_curr_symbol .
733 The sign string precedes the
736 .IR int_curr_symbol .
739 The sign string succeeds the
742 .IR int_curr_symbol .
746 followed by an integer that indicates where the
748 should be placed for a negative monetary quantity.
749 The same values are recognized as for
753 followed by an integer that indicates where the
755 should be placed for a nonnegative
756 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
757 The same values are recognized as for
761 followed by an integer that indicates where the
763 should be placed for a negative
764 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
765 The same values are recognized as for
770 definition ends with the string
771 .IR "END LC_MONETARY" .
773 The definition starts with the string
777 The following keywords are allowed:
780 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
781 the format used for names in the locale.
782 The following field descriptors are recognized:
783 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
790 Family names in uppercase.
799 First given name with Latin letters.
805 Additional given name(s).
808 Initials for additional given name(s).
814 Salutation, such as "Doctor".
817 Abbreviated salutation, such as "Mr." or "Dr.".
820 Salutation, using the FDCC-sets conventions.
821 .\" 1 for the name_gen
822 .\" In glibc 2.19, %d1 is used in only:
823 .\" /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/bem_ZM
824 .\" /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/zh_HK
825 .\" In glibc 2.19, %d[2-5] appear to be not used at all
832 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
833 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
837 followed by the general salutation for any gender.
840 followed by the salutation for men.
843 followed by the salutation for married women.
846 followed by the salutation for unmarried women.
849 followed by the salutation valid for all women.
853 definition ends with the string
856 The definition starts with the string
860 The following keywords are allowed:
863 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
864 when formatting numeric quantities.
867 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
868 when formatting numeric quantities.
871 followed by a string that describes the formatting of numeric
876 definition ends with the string
877 .IR "END LC_NUMERIC" .
879 The definition starts with the string
883 The following keywords are allowed:
886 followed by the height, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
889 followed by the width, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
893 definition ends with the string
896 The definition starts with the string
900 The following keywords are allowed:
903 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
904 the format used to dial international numbers.
905 The following field descriptors are recognized:
906 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA
910 Area code without nationwide prefix (the prefix is often "00").
913 Area code including nationwide prefix.
916 Local number (within area code).
919 Extension (to local number).
925 Alternate carrier service code used for dialing abroad.
928 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
929 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
933 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
934 the format used to dial domestic numbers.
935 The recognized field descriptors are the same as for
939 followed by the prefix used to call international phone numbers.
942 followed by the prefix used from other countries to dial this country.
946 definition ends with the string
947 .IR "END LC_TELEPHONE" .
949 The definition starts with the string
953 The following keywords are allowed:
954 .\" FIXME 'era', 'era_d_fmt', 'era_d_t_fmt', 'era_t_fmt', are not documented
955 .\" FIXME 'timezone' is not documented
958 followed by a list of abbreviated names of the days of the week.
959 The list starts with the first day of the week
965 followed by a list of names of the days of the week.
966 The list starts with the first day of the week
972 followed by a list of abbreviated month names.
975 followed by a list of month names.
978 The appropriate representation of the
985 The appropriate date and time format.
988 The appropriate date format.
991 The appropriate time format.
994 The appropriate time format when using 12h clock format.
997 followed by a list of three values:
998 The number of days in a week (by default 7),
999 a date of beginning of the week (by default corresponds to Sunday),
1000 and the minimal length of the first week in year (by default 4).
1001 Regarding the start of the week,
1003 shall be used for Sunday and
1005 shall be used for Monday.
1006 Thus, countries using
1008 should have local Sunday name as the first day in the
1011 while countries using
1013 should have Monday translation as the first item in the
1017 .IR first_weekday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1018 Number of the first day from the
1020 list to be shown in calendar applications.
1021 The default value of
1023 corresponds to either Sunday or Monday depending
1024 on the value of the second
1028 .IR first_workday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1029 Number of the first working day from the
1034 .\" from localedata/locales/uk_UA
1035 followed by a value that indicates the direction for the
1036 display of calendar dates, as follows:
1040 Left-right from top.
1046 Right-left from top.
1050 followed by the appropriate date representation for
1055 definition ends with the string
1059 \(em database for the current locale setting of that category
1061 /usr/lib/nls/charmap/* \(em charmap-files
1063 POSIX.2, ISO/IEC 14652.
1065 This manual page isn't complete.
1067 .\" Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)
1078 This page is part of release 3.67 of the Linux
1081 A description of the project,
1082 information about reporting bugs,
1083 and the latest version of this page,
1085 \%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/.