1 .\" Copyright (C) 1994 Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)
2 .\" Copyright (C) 2008 Petr Baudis (pasky@suse.cz)
3 .\" Copyright (C) 2014 Michael Kerrisk <mtk@manpages@gmail.com>
5 .\" %%%LICENSE_START(GPLv2+_SW_3_PARA)
6 .\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 .\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 .\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 .\" (at your option) any later version.
11 .\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 .\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 .\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 .\" GNU General Public License for more details.
16 .\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
17 .\" License along with this manual; if not, see
18 .\" <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
21 .\" 2008-06-17 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
22 .\" LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday
24 .TH LOCALE 5 2014-03-18 "Linux" "Linux User Manual"
26 locale \- describes a locale definition file
30 definition file contains all the information that the
32 command needs to convert it into the binary locale database.
34 The definition files consist of sections which each describe a
35 locale category in detail.
37 The locale definition file starts with a header that may consist
38 of the following keywords:
41 is followed by a character that should be used as the
42 escape-character for the rest of the file to mark characters that
43 should be interpreted in a special way.
44 It defaults to the backslash (\\).
47 is followed by a character that will be used as the
48 comment-character for the rest of the file.
49 It defaults to the number sign (#).
51 The locale definition has one part for each locale category.
52 Each part can be copied from another existing locale or
53 can be defined from scratch.
54 If the category should be copied,
55 the only valid keyword in the definition is
57 followed by the name of the locale which should be copied.
58 .SS Locale category sections
59 The following category sections are defined by POSIX:
73 In addition, since version 2.2,
74 the GNU C library supports the following nonstandard categories:
88 The definition for the
90 category starts with the string
94 The following keywords are allowed:
95 .\" Thanks to the kind folk who wrote localedata/locales/uk_UA
98 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
99 the format used for postal addresses in the locale.
100 The following field descriptors are recognized:
101 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
105 .\" BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not supported
107 .\" Person's name, possibly constructed with the
113 Care of person, or organization.
125 Street or block (e.g., Japanese) name.
128 House number or designation.
131 Insert an end-of-line if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty
132 string; otherwise ignore.
135 Insert a space if the previous descriptor's value was not an empty string;
139 Room number, door designation.
145 Country designation, from the <country_post> keyword.
148 .\" BUG: %l escape sequence from ISO/IEC 14652:2002 is not
149 .\" supported by glibc
150 .\" Local township within town or city.
153 Zip number, postal code.
159 State, province, or prefecture.
162 Country, as taken from data record.
164 Each field descriptor may have an \(aqR\(aq after
165 the \(aq%\(aq to specify that the
166 information is taken from a Romanized version string of the
172 followed by the country name in the language of the current document
173 (e.g., "Deutschland for the
178 followed by the abbreviation of the country (see CERT_MAILCODES).
181 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
184 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the country (ISO 3166).
187 followed by the numeric country code (ISO 3166).
190 followed by the code for the country car number.
193 followed by the ISBN code (for books).
196 followed by the language name in the language of the current document.
199 followed by the two-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639).
202 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language (ISO 639-2).
205 followed by the three-letter abbreviation of the language for
206 library use (ISO 639-2)
210 definition ends with the string
211 .IR "END LC_ADDRESS" .
213 The definition for the
215 category starts with the string
219 The following keywords are allowed:
220 .\" FIXME translit_start + translit_end are not documented
221 .\" FIXME 'charclass' is not documented
222 .\" FIXME 'charconv' is not documented
223 .\" FIXME 'outdigit' is not documented
224 .\" FIXME 'include' is not documented
225 .\" FIXME 'map' (to_inpunct, to_outpunct) is not documented
228 followed by a list of uppercase letters.
233 are included automatically.
234 Characters also specified as
243 followed by a list of lowercase letters.
248 are included automatically.
249 Characters also specified as
258 followed by a list of letters.
259 All character specified as either
263 are automatically included.
264 Characters also specified as
273 followed by the characters classified as numeric digits.
280 They are included by default in this class.
283 followed by a list of characters defined as white-space
285 Characters also specified as
298 .BR <carriage-return> ,
302 are automatically included.
305 followed by a list of control characters.
306 Characters also specified as
319 followed by a list of punctuation characters.
330 character are not allowed.
333 followed by a list of printable characters, not including the
336 The characters defined as
344 are automatically included.
345 Characters also specified as
350 followed by a list of printable characters, including the
353 The characters defined as
362 character are automatically included.
363 Characters also specified as
368 followed by a list of characters classified as hexadecimal
370 The decimal digits must be included followed by one or
371 more set of six characters in ascending order.
373 characters are included by default:
385 followed by a list of characters classified as
391 are automatically included.
394 followed by a list of mappings from lowercase to uppercase
396 Each mapping is a pair of a lowercase and an uppercase letter
399 and enclosed in parentheses.
400 The members of the list are separated
404 followed by a list of mappings from uppercase to lowercase
406 If the keyword tolower is not present, the reverse of the
407 toupper list is used.
411 definition ends with the string
414 .\" FIXME: the decsription of LC_COLLATE lacks a lot of details
417 category defines the rules for collating characters.
419 limitations of libc not all POSIX-options are implemented.
421 The definition starts with the string
425 The following keywords are allowed:
426 .\" FIXME 'reorder-after' is not documented
427 .\" FIXME 'reorder-end' is not documented
428 .\" FIXME 'reorder-sections-after' is not documented
429 .\" FIXME 'reorder-sections-end' is not documented
430 .\" FIXME 'script' is not documented
431 .\" FIXME 'symbol-equivalence' is not documented
437 The order-definition starts with a line:
441 followed by a list of keywords chosen from
446 The order definition consists of lines that describe the order
447 and is terminated with the keyword
451 For more details see the sources in
461 definition ends with the string
462 .IR "END LC_COLLATE" .
463 .SS LC_IDENTIFICATION
464 This category contains meta-information about the locale definition.
466 The definition starts with the string
470 The following keywords are allowed:
473 followed by the title of ths locale document
474 (e.g., "Maori language locale for New Zealand").
477 followed by the name of the organization that maintains this document.
480 followed by the address of the organization that maintains this document.
483 followed by the name of the contact person at
484 the organization that maintains this document.
487 followed by the email address of the person or
488 organization that maintains this document.
491 followed by the telephone number (in international format)
492 of the organization that maintains this document.
495 followed by the FAX number (in international format)
496 of the organization that maintains this document.
499 followed by the name of the language to which this document applies.
502 followed by the name of the country/geographic extent
503 to which this document applies.
506 followed by a description of the audience for which this document is intended.
509 followed by a description of any special application
510 for which this document is intended.
513 .\" as far as I can tell... (mtk)
514 followed by the short name for this document.
517 followed by the revision number of this document.
520 followed by the revision date of this document.
522 In addition, for each of the categories defined by the document,
523 there should be a line starting with the keyword
527 a string that identifies this locale category definition,
537 definition ends with the string
538 .IR "END LC_IDENTIFICATION" .
540 The definition starts with the string
544 The following keywords are allowed:
547 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
551 followed by a regular expression that describes possible
555 followed by the output string corresponding to "yes".
558 followed by the output string corresponding to "no".
562 definition ends with the string
563 .IR "END LC_MESSAGES" .
565 The definition starts with the string
569 The following keywords are allowed:
572 folowed by number identifying the standard used for measurement.
573 The following values are recognized:
580 US customary measurements.
585 definition ends with the string
586 .IR "END LC_MEASUREMENT" .
588 The definition starts with the string
592 The following keywords are allowed:
595 followed by the international currency symbol.
597 4-character string containing the international currency symbol as
598 defined by the ISO 4217 standard (three characters) followed by a
602 followed by the local currency symbol.
605 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
606 when formatting monetary quantities.
609 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
610 when formatting monetary quantities.
613 followed by a string that describes the formatting of numeric
617 followed by a string that is used to indicate a positive sign for
621 followed by a string that is used to indicate a negative sign for
625 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
627 .IR int_curr_symbol .
630 followed by the number of fractional digits that should be used when
632 .IR currency_symbol .
635 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
637 for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity:
641 the symbol succeeds the value.
644 the symbol precedes the value.
648 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
650 for a negative formatted monetary quantity.
651 The same values are recognized as for
655 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
656 .I int_currency_symbol
657 for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
658 The same values are recognized as for
662 followed by an integer that indicates the placement of
663 .I int_currency_symbol
664 for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
665 The same values are recognized as for
669 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
670 .IR currency_symbol ,
671 the sign string, and the value for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity.
672 The following values are recognized:
676 No space separates the currency symbol and the value.
679 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
680 a space separates them from the value;
681 otherwise a space separates the currency symbol and the value.
684 If the currency symbol and the sign string are adjacent,
685 a space separates them from the value;
686 otherwise a space separates the sign string and the value.
690 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
691 .IR currency_symbol ,
692 the sign string, and the value for a nonnegative formatted monetary quantity.
693 The same values are recognized as for
696 .I int_p_sep_by_space
697 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
698 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
700 and the value for a nonnegative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
701 The same values are recognized as for
704 .I int_n_sep_by_space
705 followed by an integer that indicates the separation of
706 .IR int_currency_symbol ,
708 and the value for a negative internationally formatted monetary quantity.
709 The same values are recognized as for
713 followed by an integer that indicates where the
715 should be placed for a nonnegative monetary quantity:
719 Parentheses enclose the quantity and the
722 .IR int_curr_symbol .
725 The sign string precedes the quantity and the
728 .IR int_curr_symbol .
731 The sign string succeeds the quantity and the
734 .IR int_curr_symbol .
737 The sign string precedes the
740 .IR int_curr_symbol .
743 The sign string succeeds the
746 .IR int_curr_symbol .
750 followed by an integer that indicates where the
752 should be placed for a negative monetary quantity.
753 The same values are recognized as for
757 followed by an integer that indicates where the
759 should be placed for a nonnegative
760 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
761 The same values are recognized as for
765 followed by an integer that indicates where the
767 should be placed for a negative
768 internationally formatted monetary quantity.
769 The same values are recognized as for
774 definition ends with the string
775 .IR "END LC_MONETARY" .
777 The definition starts with the string
781 The following keywords are allowed:
784 followed by a string containing field descriptors that define
785 the format used for names in the locale.
786 The following field descriptors are recognized:
787 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA:
794 Family names in uppercase.
803 First given name with Latin letters.
809 Additional given name(s).
812 Initials for additional given name(s).
818 Salutation, such as "Doctor".
821 Abbreviated salutation, such as "Mr." or "Dr.".
824 Salutation, using the FDCC-sets conventions.
825 .\" 1 for the name_gen
826 .\" In glibc 2.19, %d1 is used in only:
827 .\" /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/bem_ZM
828 .\" /home/mtk/ARCHIVE/GLIBC/glibc-2.19/localedata/locales/zh_HK
829 .\" In glibc 2.19, %d[2-5] appear to be not used at all
836 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
837 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
841 followed by the general salutation for any gender.
844 followed by the salutation for men.
847 followed by the salutation for married women.
850 followed by the salutation for unmarried women.
853 followed by the salutation valid for all women.
857 definition ends with the string
860 The definition starts with the string
864 The following keywords are allowed:
867 followed by the string that will be used as the decimal delimiter
868 when formatting numeric quantities.
871 followed by the string that will be used as a group separator
872 when formatting numeric quantities.
875 followed by a string that describes the formatting of numeric
880 definition ends with the string
881 .IR "END LC_NUMERIC" .
883 The definition starts with the string
887 The following keywords are allowed:
890 followed by the height, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
893 followed by the width, in millimeters, of the standard paper format.
897 definition ends with the string
900 The definition starts with the string
904 The following keywords are allowed:
907 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
908 the format used to dial international numbers.
909 The following field descriptors are recognized:
910 .\" From localedata/locales/uk_UA
914 Area code without nationwide prefix (the prefix is often "0").
917 Area code including nationwide prefix.
920 Local number (within area code).
923 Extension (to local number).
929 Alternate carrier service code used for dialling abroad.
932 If the preceding field descriptor resulted in an empty string,
933 then the empty string, otherwise a space character.
937 followed by a string that contains field descriptors that identify
938 the format used to dial domestic numbers.
939 The recognized field descriptrs are the same as for
943 followed by the prefix used to call international phone numbers.
946 followed by the prefix used from other countries to dial this country.
950 definition ends with the string
951 .IR "END LC_TELEPHONE" .
953 The definition starts with the string
957 The following keywords are allowed:
958 .\" FIXME 'era', 'era_d_fmt', 'era_d_t_fmt', 'era_t_fmt', are not documented
959 .\" FIXME 'timezone' is not documented
962 followed by a list of abbreviated names of the days of the week.
963 The list starts with the first day of the week
969 followed by a list of names of the days of the week.
970 The list starts with the first day of the week
976 followed by a list of abbreviated month names.
979 followed by a list of month names.
982 The appropriate representation of the
989 The appropriate date and time format.
992 The appropriate date format.
995 The appropriate time format.
998 The appropriate time format when using 12h clock format.
1001 followed by a list of three values:
1002 The number of days in a week (by default 7),
1003 a date of beginning of the week (by default corresponds to Sunday),
1004 and the minimal length of the first week in year (by default 4).
1005 Regarding the start of the week,
1007 shall be used for Sunday and
1009 shall be used for Monday.
1010 Thus, countries using
1012 should have local Sunday name as the first day in the
1015 while countries using
1017 should have Monday translation as the first item in the
1021 .IR first_weekday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1022 Number of the first day from the
1024 list to be shown in calendar applications.
1025 The default value of
1027 corresponds to either Sunday or Monday depending
1028 on the value of the second
1032 .IR first_workday " (since glibc 2.2)"
1033 Number of the first working day from the
1038 .\" from localedata/locales/uk_UA
1039 followed by a value that indicates the direction for the
1040 display of calendar dates, as follows:
1054 followed by the appropriate date representation for
1059 definition ends with the string
1063 \(em database for the current locale setting of that category
1065 /usr/lib/nls/charmap/* \(em charmap-files
1067 POSIX.2, ISO/IEC 14652.
1069 This manual page isn't complete.
1071 .\" Jochen Hein (Hein@Student.TU-Clausthal.de)