1 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
2 # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
4 # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
9 "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
10 "POT-Creation-Date: 2015-01-23 22:24+0900\n"
11 "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
12 "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
13 "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
16 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
17 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
20 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8
26 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8
32 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8 build/C/man3/queue.3:39
38 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:8 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:10 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:27 build/C/man3/basename.3:27 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:10 build/C/man3/ftok.3:29 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:27 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:28 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:24 build/C/man3/queue.3:39 build/C/man3/realpath.3:28 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:27 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:13
40 msgid "Linux Programmer's Manual"
44 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:9 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:10 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:11 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:28 build/C/man3/basename.3:28 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:11 build/C/man3/ftok.3:30 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:28 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:29 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:25 build/C/man3/queue.3:40 build/C/man3/realpath.3:29 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:28 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:14
50 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:11
51 msgid "__setfpucw - set FPU control word on i386 architecture (obsolete)"
55 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:11 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:12 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:15 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:31 build/C/man3/basename.3:30 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:14 build/C/man3/ftok.3:32 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:30 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:31 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:28 build/C/man3/queue.3:48 build/C/man3/realpath.3:31 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:30 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:16
61 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:13
62 msgid "B<#include E<lt>i386/fpu_control.hE<gt>>"
66 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:15
67 msgid "B<void __setfpucw(unsigned short >I<control_word>B<);>"
71 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:15 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:27 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:51 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:50 build/C/man3/basename.3:38 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:36 build/C/man3/ftok.3:39 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:46 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:37 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:36 build/C/man3/queue.3:86 build/C/man3/realpath.3:51 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:49 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:24
77 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:22
79 "B<__setfpucw>() transfers I<control_word> to the registers of the FPU "
80 "(floating-point unit) on the i386 architecture. This was used to control "
81 "floating-point precision, rounding and floating-point exceptions."
85 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:22 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:60 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:198 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:143 build/C/man3/basename.3:136 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:118 build/C/man3/ftok.3:75 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:90 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:63 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:56 build/C/man3/queue.3:485 build/C/man3/realpath.3:135 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:88
91 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:24
92 msgid "This function was a nonstandard GNU extension."
96 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:24 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:67 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:145 build/C/man3/basename.3:138 build/C/man3/ftok.3:77 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:95 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:59 build/C/man3/realpath.3:142 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:93
102 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:43
104 "As of glibc 2.1 this function does not exist anymore. There are new "
105 "functions from C99, with prototypes in I<E<lt>fenv.hE<gt>>, to control FPU "
106 "rounding modes, like B<fegetround>(3), B<fesetround>(3), and the "
107 "floating-point environment, like B<fegetenv>(3), B<feholdexcept>(3), "
108 "B<fesetenv>(3), B<feupdateenv>(3), and FPU exception handling, like "
109 "B<feclearexcept>(3), B<fegetexceptflag>(3), B<feraiseexcept>(3), "
110 "B<fesetexceptflag>(3), and B<fetestexcept>(3)."
114 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:51
116 "If direct access to the FPU control word is still needed, the B<_FPU_GETCW> "
117 "and B<_FPU_SETCW> macros from I<E<lt>fpu_control.hE<gt>> can be used."
121 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:51 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:167 build/C/man3/basename.3:171 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:121 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:65
127 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:53
128 msgid "B<__setfpucw(0x1372)>"
132 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:55
133 msgid "Set FPU control word on the i386 architecture to"
137 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:57
139 msgid " - extended precision\n"
143 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:59
145 msgid " - rounding to nearest\n"
149 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:61
151 msgid " - exceptions on overflow, zero divide and NaN\n"
155 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:61 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:70 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:204 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:251 build/C/man3/basename.3:184 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:143 build/C/man3/ftok.3:106 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:132 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:63 build/C/man3/realpath.3:224 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:141 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:71
161 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:63
162 msgid "B<feclearexcept>(3)"
166 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:65
167 msgid "I<E<lt>fpu_control.hE<gt>>"
171 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:65 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:72 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:206 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:256 build/C/man3/basename.3:187 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:145 build/C/man3/ftok.3:112 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:135 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:103 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:65 build/C/man3/queue.3:491 build/C/man3/realpath.3:231 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:144 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:73
177 #: build/C/man3/__setfpucw.3:73 build/C/man3/addseverity.3:80 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:214 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:264 build/C/man3/basename.3:195 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:153 build/C/man3/ftok.3:120 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:143 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:111 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:73 build/C/man3/queue.3:499 build/C/man3/realpath.3:239 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:152 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:81
179 "This page is part of release 3.78 of the Linux I<man-pages> project. A "
180 "description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest "
181 "version of this page, can be found at "
182 "\\%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/."
186 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9
192 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:27
198 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:9 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:27 build/C/man3/basename.3:27 build/C/man3/ftok.3:29 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:28 build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:24
204 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:12
205 msgid "addseverity - introduce new severity classes"
209 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:16
211 msgid "B<#include E<lt>fmtmsg.hE<gt>>\n"
215 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:18
217 msgid "B<int addseverity(int >I<severity>B<, const char *>I<s>B<);>\n"
221 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:23 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:42 build/C/man3/realpath.3:42 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:42
222 msgid "Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see B<feature_test_macros>(7)):"
226 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:27
227 msgid "B<addseverity>(): _SVID_SOURCE"
231 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:49
233 "This function allows the introduction of new severity classes which can be "
234 "addressed by the I<severity> argument of the B<fmtmsg>(3) function. By "
235 "default that latter function only knows how to print messages for severity "
236 "0-4 (with strings (none), HALT, ERROR, WARNING, INFO). This call attaches "
237 "the given string I<s> to the given value I<severity>. If I<s> is NULL, the "
238 "severity class with the numeric value I<severity> is removed. It is not "
239 "possible to overwrite or remove one of the default severity classes. The "
240 "severity value must be nonnegative."
244 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:49 build/C/man3/argz_add.3:192 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:118 build/C/man3/basename.3:121 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:112 build/C/man3/ftok.3:61 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:88 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:56 build/C/man3/realpath.3:91 build/C/man3/setjmp.3:78 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:61
250 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:57
252 "Upon success, the value B<MM_OK> is returned. Upon error, the return value "
253 "is B<MM_NOTOK>. Possible errors include: out of memory, attempt to remove a "
254 "nonexistent or default severity class."
258 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:57 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:137 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:67
264 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:60
265 msgid "B<addseverity>() is provided in glibc since version 2.1."
269 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:67
271 "This function is not specified in the X/Open Portability Guide although the "
272 "B<fmtmsg>(3) function is. It is available on System V systems."
276 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:70
278 "New severity classes can also be added by setting the environment variable "
283 #: build/C/man3/addseverity.3:72
288 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:10
294 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:10 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:10
300 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:15
302 "argz_add, argz_add_sep, argz_append, argz_count, argz_create, "
303 "argz_create_sep, argz_delete, argz_extract, argz_insert, argz_next, "
304 "argz_replace, argz_stringify - functions to handle an argz list"
308 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:18
310 msgid "B<#include E<lt>argz.hE<gt>>\n"
314 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:21
317 "B<error_t argz_add(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, const char "
322 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:24
325 "B<error_t argz_add_sep(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<,>\n"
326 "B< const char *>I<str>B<, int >I<delim>B<);>\n"
330 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:27
333 "B<error_t argz_append(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<,>\n"
334 "B< const char *>I<buf>B<, size_t >I<buf_len>B<);>\n"
338 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:29
340 msgid "B<size_t argz_count(const char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<);>\n"
344 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:32
347 "B<error_t argz_create(char * const >I<argv>B<[], char **>I<argz>B<,>\n"
348 "B< size_t *>I<argz_len>B<);>\n"
352 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:35
355 "B<error_t argz_create_sep(const char *>I<str>B<, int >I<sep>B<, char "
357 "B< size_t *>I<argz_len>B<);>\n"
361 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:37
364 "B<void argz_delete(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, char "
369 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:39
372 "B<void argz_extract(const char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<, char "
377 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:42
380 "B<error_t argz_insert(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, char "
382 "B< const char *>I<entry>B<);>\n"
386 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:44
389 "B<char *argz_next(const char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<argz_len>B<, const char "
394 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:48
397 "B<error_t argz_replace(char **>I<argz>B<, size_t *>I<argz_len>B<, const char "
399 "B< const char *>I<with>B<, unsigned int "
400 "*>I<replace_count>B<);>\n"
404 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:50
406 msgid "B<void argz_stringify(char *>I<argz>B<, size_t >I<len>B<, int >I<sep>B<);>\n"
410 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:53 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:38
411 msgid "These functions are glibc-specific."
415 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:58
417 "An argz vector is a pointer to a character buffer together with a length. "
418 "The intended interpretation of the character buffer is an array of strings, "
419 "where the strings are separated by null bytes (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq). If the "
420 "length is nonzero, the last byte of the buffer must be a null byte."
424 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:67
426 "These functions are for handling argz vectors. The pair (NULL,0) is an argz "
427 "vector, and, conversely, argz vectors of length 0 must have null pointer. "
428 "Allocation of nonempty argz vectors is done using B<malloc>(3), so that "
429 "B<free>(3) can be used to dispose of them again."
433 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:77
435 "B<argz_add>() adds the string I<str> at the end of the array I<*argz>, and "
436 "updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>."
440 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:85
442 "B<argz_add_sep>() is similar, but splits the string I<str> into substrings "
443 "separated by the delimiter I<delim>. For example, one might use this on a "
444 "UNIX search path with delimiter \\(aq:\\(aq."
448 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:99
450 "B<argz_append>() appends the argz vector (I<buf>,\\ I<buf_len>) after "
451 "(I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>. (Thus, "
452 "I<*argz_len> will be increased by I<buf_len>.)"
456 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:104
458 "B<argz_count>() counts the number of strings, that is, the number of null "
459 "bytes (\\(aq\\e0\\(aq), in (I<argz>,\\ I<argz_len>)."
463 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:112
465 "B<argz_create>() converts a UNIX-style argument vector I<argv>, terminated "
466 "by I<(char\\ *)\\ 0>, into an argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>)."
470 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:120
472 "B<argz_create_sep>() converts the null-terminated string I<str> into an "
473 "argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) by breaking it up at every "
474 "occurrence of the separator I<sep>."
478 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:130
480 "B<argz_delete>() removes the substring pointed to by I<entry> from the argz "
481 "vector (I<*argz>,\\ I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>."
485 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:145
487 "B<argz_extract>() is the opposite of B<argz_create>(). It takes the argz "
488 "vector (I<argz>,\\ I<argz_len>) and fills the array starting at I<argv> "
489 "with pointers to the substrings, and a final NULL, making a UNIX-style argv "
490 "vector. The array I<argv> must have room for I<argz_count>(I<argz>, "
491 "I<argz_len>) + 1 pointers."
495 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:164
497 "B<argz_insert>() is the opposite of B<argz_delete>(). It inserts the "
498 "argument I<entry> at position I<before> into the argz vector (I<*argz>,\\ "
499 "I<*argz_len>) and updates I<*argz> and I<*argz_len>. If I<before> is NULL, "
500 "then I<entry> will inserted at the end."
504 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:173
506 "B<argz_next>() is a function to step trough the argz vector. If I<entry> "
507 "is NULL, the first entry is returned. Otherwise, the entry following is "
508 "returned. It returns NULL if there is no following entry."
512 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:185
514 "B<argz_replace>() replaces each occurrence of I<str> with I<with>, "
515 "reallocating argz as necessary. If I<replace_count> is non-NULL, "
516 "I<*replace_count> will be incremented by the number of replacements."
520 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:192
522 "B<argz_stringify>() is the opposite of B<argz_create_sep>(). It transforms "
523 "the argz vector into a normal string by replacing all null bytes "
524 "(\\(aq\\e0\\(aq) except the last by I<sep>."
528 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:198
530 "All argz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of "
531 "I<error_t>, and return 0 for success, and B<ENOMEM> if an allocation error "
536 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:201 build/C/man3/envz_add.3:121
537 msgid "These functions are a GNU extension. Handle with care."
541 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:201 build/C/man3/basename.3:163 build/C/man3/realpath.3:193 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:69
547 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:204
549 "Argz vectors without a terminating null byte may lead to Segmentation "
554 #: build/C/man3/argz_add.3:206
555 msgid "B<envz_add>(3)"
559 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:27
565 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:31
567 "backtrace, backtrace_symbols, backtrace_symbols_fd - support for application "
572 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:33
573 msgid "B<#include E<lt>execinfo.hE<gt>>"
577 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:38
578 msgid "B<int backtrace(void> B<**>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> I<size>B<);>"
582 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:43
584 "B<char **backtrace_symbols(void *const> B<*>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> "
589 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:50
591 "B<void backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const> B<*>I<buffer>B<,> B<int> "
592 "I<size>B<,> B<int> I<fd>B<);>"
596 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:78
598 "B<backtrace>() returns a backtrace for the calling program, in the array "
599 "pointed to by I<buffer>. A backtrace is the series of currently active "
600 "function calls for the program. Each item in the array pointed to by "
601 "I<buffer> is of type I<void\\ *>, and is the return address from the "
602 "corresponding stack frame. The I<size> argument specifies the maximum "
603 "number of addresses that can be stored in I<buffer>. If the backtrace is "
604 "larger than I<size>, then the addresses corresponding to the I<size> most "
605 "recent function calls are returned; to obtain the complete backtrace, make "
606 "sure that I<buffer> and I<size> are large enough."
610 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:103
612 "Given the set of addresses returned by B<backtrace>() in I<buffer>, "
613 "B<backtrace_symbols>() translates the addresses into an array of strings "
614 "that describe the addresses symbolically. The I<size> argument specifies "
615 "the number of addresses in I<buffer>. The symbolic representation of each "
616 "address consists of the function name (if this can be determined), a "
617 "hexadecimal offset into the function, and the actual return address (in "
618 "hexadecimal). The address of the array of string pointers is returned as "
619 "the function result of B<backtrace_symbols>(). This array is B<malloc>(3)ed "
620 "by B<backtrace_symbols>(), and must be freed by the caller. (The strings "
621 "pointed to by the array of pointers need not and should not be freed.)"
625 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:118
627 "B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() takes the same I<buffer> and I<size> arguments as "
628 "B<backtrace_symbols>(), but instead of returning an array of strings to the "
629 "caller, it writes the strings, one per line, to the file descriptor I<fd>. "
630 "B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() does not call B<malloc>(3), and so can be "
631 "employed in situations where the latter function might fail."
635 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:130
637 "B<backtrace>() returns the number of addresses returned in I<buffer>, which "
638 "is not greater than I<size>. If the return value is less than I<size>, then "
639 "the full backtrace was stored; if it is equal to I<size>, then it may have "
640 "been truncated, in which case the addresses of the oldest stack frames are "
645 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:137
647 "On success, B<backtrace_symbols>() returns a pointer to the array "
648 "B<malloc>(3)ed by the call; on error, NULL is returned."
652 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:143
654 "B<backtrace>(), B<backtrace_symbols>(), and B<backtrace_symbols_fd>() are "
655 "provided in glibc since version 2.1."
659 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:145
660 msgid "These functions are GNU extensions."
664 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:149
666 "These functions make some assumptions about how a function's return address "
667 "is stored on the stack. Note the following:"
671 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:149 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:155 build/C/man3/backtrace.3:157 build/C/man3/queue.3:93 build/C/man3/queue.3:95 build/C/man3/queue.3:97 build/C/man3/queue.3:99 build/C/man3/queue.3:109 build/C/man3/queue.3:131 build/C/man3/queue.3:133 build/C/man3/queue.3:135
677 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:155
679 "Omission of the frame pointers (as implied by any of B<gcc>(1)'s nonzero "
680 "optimization levels) may cause these assumptions to be violated."
684 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:157
685 msgid "Inlined functions do not have stack frames."
689 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:159
690 msgid "Tail-call optimization causes one stack frame to replace another."
694 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:167
696 "The symbol names may be unavailable without the use of special linker "
697 "options. For systems using the GNU linker, it is necessary to use the "
698 "I<-rdynamic> linker option. Note that names of \"static\" functions are not "
699 "exposed, and won't be available in the backtrace."
703 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:174
705 "The program below demonstrates the use of B<backtrace>() and "
706 "B<backtrace_symbols>(). The following shell session shows what we might see "
707 "when running the program:"
711 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:188
714 "$B< cc -rdynamic prog.c -o prog>\n"
716 "backtrace() returned 8 addresses\n"
717 "\\&./prog(myfunc3+0x5c) [0x80487f0]\n"
718 "\\&./prog [0x8048871]\n"
719 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x21) [0x8048894]\n"
720 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]\n"
721 "\\&./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]\n"
722 "\\&./prog(main+0x65) [0x80488fb]\n"
723 "\\&/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xdc) [0xb7e38f9c]\n"
724 "\\&./prog [0x8048711]\n"
728 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:190 build/C/man3/offsetof.3:76
730 msgid "Program source"
734 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:197
737 "#include E<lt>execinfo.hE<gt>\n"
738 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
739 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
740 "#include E<lt>unistd.hE<gt>\n"
744 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:205
752 " void *buffer[100];\n"
757 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:208
760 " nptrs = backtrace(buffer, SIZE);\n"
761 " printf(\"backtrace() returned %d addresses\\en\", nptrs);\n"
765 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:211
768 " /* The call backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, STDOUT_FILENO)\n"
769 " would produce similar output to the following: */\n"
773 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:217
776 " strings = backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);\n"
777 " if (strings == NULL) {\n"
778 " perror(\"backtrace_symbols\");\n"
779 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
784 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:220
787 " for (j = 0; j E<lt> nptrs; j++)\n"
788 " printf(\"%s\\en\", strings[j]);\n"
792 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:223
800 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:229
803 "static void /* \"static\" means don\\(aqt export the symbol... */\n"
811 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:238
815 "myfunc(int ncalls)\n"
817 " if (ncalls E<gt> 1)\n"
818 " myfunc(ncalls - 1);\n"
825 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:246
829 "main(int argc, char *argv[])\n"
831 " if (argc != 2) {\n"
832 " fprintf(stderr, \"%s num-calls\\en\", argv[0]);\n"
833 " exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n"
838 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:250
841 " myfunc(atoi(argv[1]));\n"
842 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
847 #: build/C/man3/backtrace.3:256
848 msgid "B<gcc>(1), B<ld>(1), B<dlopen>(3), B<malloc>(3)"
852 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:27
858 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:27
864 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:30
865 msgid "basename, dirname - parse pathname components"
869 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:33
871 msgid "B<#include E<lt>libgen.hE<gt>>\n"
875 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:35
877 msgid "B<char *dirname(char *>I<path>B<);>\n"
881 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:37
883 msgid "B<char *basename(char *>I<path>B<);>\n"
887 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:42
888 msgid "Warning: there are two different functions B<basename>() - see below."
892 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:55
894 "The functions B<dirname>() and B<basename>() break a null-terminated "
895 "pathname string into directory and filename components. In the usual case, "
896 "B<dirname>() returns the string up to, but not including, the final "
897 "\\(aq/\\(aq, and B<basename>() returns the component following the final "
898 "\\(aq/\\(aq. Trailing \\(aq/\\(aq characters are not counted as part of the "
903 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:78
905 "If I<path> does not contain a slash, B<dirname>() returns the string \".\" "
906 "while B<basename>() returns a copy of I<path>. If I<path> is the string "
907 "\"/\", then both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return the string \"/\". "
908 "If I<path> is a null pointer or points to an empty string, then both "
909 "B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return the string \".\"."
913 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:84
915 "Concatenating the string returned by B<dirname>(), a \"/\", and the string "
916 "returned by B<basename>() yields a complete pathname."
920 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:93
922 "Both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() may modify the contents of I<path>, so "
923 "it may be desirable to pass a copy when calling one of these functions."
927 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:102
929 "These functions may return pointers to statically allocated memory which may "
930 "be overwritten by subsequent calls. Alternatively, they may return a "
931 "pointer to some part of I<path>, so that the string referred to by I<path> "
932 "should not be modified or freed until the pointer returned by the function "
933 "is no longer required."
937 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:109
939 "The following list of examples (taken from SUSv2) shows the strings "
940 "returned by B<dirname>() and B<basename>() for different paths:"
944 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:113
946 msgid "path \tdirname\tbasename\n"
950 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:114
952 msgid "/usr/lib\t/usr\tlib\n"
956 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:115
958 msgid "/usr/ \t/\tusr\n"
962 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:116
964 msgid "usr \t.\tusr\n"
968 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:117
974 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:118
976 msgid "\\&. \t.\t.\n"
980 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:119
982 msgid "\\&.. \t.\t..\n"
986 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:129
988 "Both B<dirname>() and B<basename>() return pointers to null-terminated "
989 "strings. (Do not pass these pointers to B<free>(3).)"
993 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:129 build/C/man3/ftok.3:70
999 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:130 build/C/man3/ftok.3:71
1001 msgid "Multithreading (see pthreads(7))"
1005 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:136
1006 msgid "The B<basename>() and B<dirname>() functions are thread-safe."
1010 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:138 build/C/man3/ftok.3:77
1011 msgid "POSIX.1-2001."
1015 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:143
1017 "There are two different versions of B<basename>() - the POSIX version "
1018 "described above, and the GNU version, which one gets after"
1022 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:147
1024 msgid "B< #define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
1028 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:149
1030 msgid "B<#include E<lt>string.hE<gt>>\n"
1034 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:157
1036 "The GNU version never modifies its argument, and returns the empty string "
1037 "when I<path> has a trailing slash, and in particular also when it is \"/\". "
1038 "There is no GNU version of B<dirname>()."
1042 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:163
1044 "With glibc, one gets the POSIX version of B<basename>() when "
1045 "I<E<lt>libgen.hE<gt>> is included, and the GNU version otherwise."
1049 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:171
1051 "In the glibc implementation of the POSIX versions of these functions they "
1052 "modify their argument, and segfault when called with a static string like "
1053 "\"/usr/\". Before glibc 2.2.1, the glibc version of B<dirname>() did not "
1054 "correctly handle pathnames with trailing \\(aq/\\(aq characters, and "
1055 "generated a segfault if given a NULL argument."
1059 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:176
1062 "char *dirc, *basec, *bname, *dname;\n"
1063 "char *path = \"/etc/passwd\";\n"
1067 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:182
1070 "dirc = strdup(path);\n"
1071 "basec = strdup(path);\n"
1072 "dname = dirname(dirc);\n"
1073 "bname = basename(basec);\n"
1074 "printf(\"dirname=%s, basename=%s\\en\", dname, bname);\n"
1078 #: build/C/man3/basename.3:187
1079 msgid "B<basename>(1), B<dirname>(1)"
1083 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:10
1089 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:14
1091 "envz_add, envz_entry, envz_get, envz_merge, envz_remove, envz_strip - "
1092 "environment string support"
1096 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:17
1098 msgid "B<#include E<lt>envz.hE<gt>>\n"
1102 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:20
1105 "B<error_t envz_add(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<,>\n"
1106 "B< const char *>I<name>B<, const char *>I<value>B<);>\n"
1110 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:23
1113 "B<char *envz_entry(const char *>I<envz>B<, size_t >I<envz_len>B<, const char "
1118 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:26
1121 "B<char *envz_get(const char *>I<envz>B<, size_t >I<envz_len>B<, const char "
1126 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:30
1129 "B<error_t envz_merge(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<,>\n"
1130 "B< const char *>I<envz2>B<, size_t >I<envz2_len>B<, int "
1131 ">I<override>B<);>\n"
1135 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:33
1138 "B<void envz_remove(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<, const char "
1143 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:35
1145 msgid "B<void envz_strip(char **>I<envz>B<, size_t *>I<envz_len>B<);>\n"
1149 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:48
1151 "An argz vector is a pointer to a character buffer together with a length, "
1152 "see B<argz_add>(3). An envz vector is a special argz vector, namely one "
1153 "where the strings have the form \"name=value\". Everything after the first "
1154 "\\(aq=\\(aq is considered to be the value. If there is no \\(aq=\\(aq, the "
1155 "value is taken to be NULL. (While the value in case of a trailing "
1156 "\\(aq=\\(aq is the empty string \"\".)"
1160 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:50
1161 msgid "These functions are for handling envz vectors."
1165 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:69
1167 "B<envz_add>() adds the string \"I<name>=I<value>\" (in case I<value> is "
1168 "non-NULL) or \"I<name>\" (in case I<value> is NULL) to the envz vector "
1169 "(I<*envz>,\\ I<*envz_len>) and updates I<*envz> and I<*envz_len>. If an "
1170 "entry with the same I<name> existed, it is removed."
1174 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:76
1176 "B<envz_entry>() looks for I<name> in the envz vector (I<envz>,\\ "
1177 "I<envz_len>) and returns the entry if found, or NULL if not."
1181 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:87
1183 "B<envz_get>() looks for I<name> in the envz vector (I<envz>,\\ I<envz_len>) "
1184 "and returns the value if found, or NULL if not. (Note that the value can "
1185 "also be NULL, namely when there is an entry for I<name> without \\(aq=\\(aq "
1190 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:102
1192 "B<envz_merge>() adds each entry in I<envz2> to I<*envz>, as if with "
1193 "B<envz_add>(). If I<override> is true, then values in I<envz2> will "
1194 "supersede those with the same name in I<*envz>, otherwise not."
1198 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:109
1200 "B<envz_remove>() removes the entry for I<name> from (I<*envz>,\\ "
1201 "I<*envz_len>) if there was one."
1205 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:112
1206 msgid "B<envz_strip>() removes all entries with value NULL."
1210 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:118
1212 "All envz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of "
1213 "I<error_t>, and return 0 for success, and B<ENOMEM> if an allocation error "
1218 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:126
1221 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
1222 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
1223 "#include E<lt>envz.hE<gt>\n"
1227 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:132
1231 "main(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])\n"
1233 " int i, e_len = 0;\n"
1238 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:135
1241 " for (i = 0; envp[i] != NULL; i++)\n"
1242 " e_len += strlen(envp[i]) + 1;\n"
1246 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:142
1249 " str = envz_entry(*envp, e_len, \"HOME\");\n"
1250 " printf(\"%s\\en\", str);\n"
1251 " str = envz_get(*envp, e_len, \"HOME\");\n"
1252 " printf(\"%s\\en\", str);\n"
1253 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
1258 #: build/C/man3/envz_add.3:145
1259 msgid "B<argz_add>(3)"
1263 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:29
1269 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:29 build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:13
1275 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:32
1276 msgid "ftok - convert a pathname and a project identifier to a System V IPC key"
1280 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:36
1283 "B<#include E<lt>sys/types.hE<gt>>\n"
1284 "B<#include E<lt>sys/ipc.hE<gt>>\n"
1288 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:39
1289 msgid "B<key_t ftok(const char *>I<pathname>B<, int >I<proj_id>B<);>"
1293 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:54
1295 "The B<ftok>() function uses the identity of the file named by the given "
1296 "I<pathname> (which must refer to an existing, accessible file) and the "
1297 "least significant 8 bits of I<proj_id> (which must be nonzero) to generate a "
1298 "I<key_t> type System V IPC key, suitable for use with B<msgget>(2), "
1299 "B<semget>(2), or B<shmget>(2)."
1303 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:61
1305 "The resulting value is the same for all pathnames that name the same file, "
1306 "when the same value of I<proj_id> is used. The value returned should be "
1307 "different when the (simultaneously existing) files or the project IDs "
1312 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:70
1314 "On success, the generated I<key_t> value is returned. On failure -1 is "
1315 "returned, with I<errno> indicating the error as for the B<stat>(2) system "
1320 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:75
1321 msgid "The B<ftok>() function is thread-safe."
1325 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:79
1326 msgid "On some ancient systems, the prototype was:"
1330 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:82
1331 msgid "B<key_t ftok(char *>I<pathname>B<, char >I<proj_id>B<);>"
1335 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:94
1337 "Today, I<proj_id> is an I<int>, but still only 8 bits are used. Typical "
1338 "usage has an ASCII character I<proj_id>, that is why the behavior is said to "
1339 "be undefined when I<proj_id> is zero."
1343 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:106
1345 "Of course, no guarantee can be given that the resulting I<key_t> is unique. "
1346 "Typically, a best-effort attempt combines the given I<proj_id> byte, the "
1347 "lower 16 bits of the inode number, and the lower 8 bits of the device number "
1348 "into a 32-bit result. Collisions may easily happen, for example between "
1349 "files on I</dev/hda1> and files on I</dev/sda1>."
1353 #: build/C/man3/ftok.3:112
1354 msgid "B<msgget>(2), B<semget>(2), B<shmget>(2), B<stat>(2), B<svipc>(7)"
1358 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:27
1364 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:27
1370 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:30
1371 msgid "longjmp, siglongjmp - nonlocal jump to a saved stack context"
1375 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:33
1377 msgid "B<#include E<lt>setjmp.hE<gt>>\n"
1381 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:35
1383 msgid "B<void longjmp(jmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<val>B<);>\n"
1387 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:37
1389 msgid "B<void siglongjmp(sigjmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<val>B<);>\n"
1393 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:46
1395 "B<siglongjmp>(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || "
1400 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:70
1402 "B<longjmp>() and B<setjmp>(3) are useful for dealing with errors and "
1403 "interrupts encountered in a low-level subroutine of a program. B<longjmp>() "
1404 "restores the environment saved by the last call of B<setjmp>(3) with the "
1405 "corresponding I<env> argument. After B<longjmp>() is completed, program "
1406 "execution continues as if the corresponding call of B<setjmp>(3) had just "
1407 "returned the value I<val>. B<longjmp>() cannot cause 0 to be returned. If "
1408 "B<longjmp>() is invoked with a second argument of 0, 1 will be returned "
1413 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:88
1415 "B<siglongjmp>() is similar to B<longjmp>() except for the type of its "
1416 "I<env> argument. If, and only if, the B<sigsetjmp>(3) call that set this "
1417 "I<env> used a nonzero I<savesigs> flag, B<siglongjmp>() also restores the "
1418 "signal mask that was saved by B<sigsetjmp>(3)."
1422 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:90
1423 msgid "These functions never return."
1427 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:95
1429 "C89, C99, and POSIX.1-2001 specify B<longjmp>(). POSIX.1-2001 specifies "
1434 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:105
1436 "POSIX does not specify whether B<longjmp>() will restore the signal context "
1437 "(see B<setjmp>(3) for some more details). If you want to portably save and "
1438 "restore signal masks, use B<sigsetjmp>(3) and B<siglongjmp>()."
1442 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:109
1444 "The values of automatic variables are unspecified after a call to "
1445 "B<longjmp>() if they meet all the following criteria:"
1449 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:109 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:113 build/C/man3/longjmp.3:119
1455 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:113
1457 "they are local to the function that made the corresponding B<setjmp>(3) "
1462 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:119
1464 "their values are changed between the calls to B<setjmp>(3) and "
1469 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:122
1470 msgid "they are not declared as I<volatile>."
1474 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:125
1475 msgid "Analogous remarks apply for B<siglongjmp>()."
1479 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:132
1481 "B<longjmp>() and B<siglongjmp>() make programs hard to understand and "
1482 "maintain. If possible, an alternative should be used."
1486 #: build/C/man3/longjmp.3:135
1487 msgid "B<setjmp>(3), B<sigsetjmp>(3)"
1491 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:28
1497 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:28
1503 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:31
1504 msgid "offsetof - offset of a structure member"
1508 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:34
1510 msgid "B<#include E<lt>stddef.hE<gt>>\n"
1514 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:36
1516 msgid "B<size_t offsetof(>I<type>B<, >I<member>B<);>\n"
1520 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:44
1522 "The macro B<offsetof>() returns the offset of the field I<member> from the "
1523 "start of the structure I<type>."
1527 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:51
1529 "This macro is useful because the sizes of the fields that compose a "
1530 "structure can vary across implementations, and compilers may insert "
1531 "different numbers of padding bytes between fields. Consequently, an "
1532 "element's offset is not necessarily given by the sum of the sizes of the "
1533 "previous elements."
1537 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:56
1539 "A compiler error will result if I<member> is not aligned to a byte boundary "
1540 "(i.e., it is a bit field)."
1544 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:63
1546 "B<offsetof>() returns the offset of the given I<member> within the given "
1547 "I<type>, in units of bytes."
1551 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:65
1552 msgid "C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001."
1556 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:69
1558 "On a Linux/i386 system, when compiled using the default B<gcc>(1) options, "
1559 "the program below produces the following output:"
1563 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:75
1567 "offsets: i=0; c=4; d=8 a=16\n"
1568 "sizeof(struct s)=16\n"
1572 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:82
1575 "#include E<lt>stddef.hE<gt>\n"
1576 "#include E<lt>stdio.hE<gt>\n"
1577 "#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>\n"
1581 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:92
1596 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:94
1598 msgid " /* Output is compiler dependent */\n"
1602 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:99
1605 " printf(\"offsets: i=%zd; c=%zd; d=%zd a=%zd\\en\",\n"
1606 " offsetof(struct s, i), offsetof(struct s, c),\n"
1607 " offsetof(struct s, d), offsetof(struct s, a));\n"
1608 " printf(\"sizeof(struct s)=%zd\\en\", sizeof(struct s));\n"
1612 #: build/C/man3/offsetof.3:102
1615 " exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n"
1620 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:24
1622 msgid "INVOCATION_NAME"
1626 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:24
1632 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:28
1634 "program_invocation_name, program_invocation_short_name - obtain name used to "
1635 "invoke calling program"
1639 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:32
1642 "B<#define _GNU_SOURCE> /* See feature_test_macros(7) */\n"
1643 "B<#include E<lt>errno.hE<gt>>\n"
1647 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:35
1650 "B<extern char *>I<program_invocation_name>B<;>\n"
1651 "B<extern char *>I<program_invocation_short_name>B<;>\n"
1655 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:46
1657 "I<program_invocation_name> contains the name that was used to invoke the "
1658 "calling program. This is the same as the value of I<argv[0]> in I<main>(), "
1659 "with the difference that the scope of I<program_invocation_name> is global."
1663 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:53
1665 "I<program_invocation_short_name> contains the basename component of name "
1666 "that was used to invoke the calling program. That is, it is the same value "
1667 "as I<program_invocation_name>, with all text up to and including the final "
1668 "slash (/), if any, removed."
1672 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:56
1674 "These variables are automatically initialized by the glibc run-time startup "
1679 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:59
1681 "These variables are GNU extensions, and should not be used in programs "
1682 "intended to be portable."
1686 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:63
1688 "The Linux-specific I</proc/[number]/cmdline> file provides access to similar "
1693 #: build/C/man3/program_invocation_name.3:65
1698 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:39
1704 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:39
1710 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:48
1712 "LIST_ENTRY, LIST_HEAD, LIST_INIT, LIST_INSERT_AFTER, LIST_INSERT_HEAD, "
1713 "LIST_REMOVE, TAILQ_ENTRY, TAILQ_HEAD, TAILQ_INIT, TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER, "
1714 "TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD, TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL, TAILQ_REMOVE, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY, "
1715 "CIRCLEQ_HEAD, CIRCLEQ_INIT, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE, "
1716 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD, CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL, CIRCLEQ_REMOVE - implementations "
1717 "of lists, tail queues, and circular queues"
1721 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:51
1723 msgid "B<#include E<lt>sys/queue.hE<gt>>\n"
1727 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:60
1730 "B<LIST_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1731 "B<LIST_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1732 "B<LIST_INIT(LIST_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1733 "B<LIST_INSERT_AFTER(LIST_ENTRY *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1734 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1735 "B<LIST_INSERT_HEAD(LIST_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1736 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1737 "B<LIST_REMOVE(TYPE *>I<elm>B<, LIST_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1741 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:71
1744 "B<TAILQ_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1745 "B<TAILQ_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1746 "B<TAILQ_INIT(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1747 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1748 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1749 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1750 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1751 "B<TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1752 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1753 "B<TAILQ_REMOVE(TAILQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<elm>B<, TAILQ_ENTRY "
1758 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:85
1761 "B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(>I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1762 "B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD(>I<HEADNAME>B<, >I<TYPE>B<);>\n"
1763 "B<CIRCLEQ_INIT(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<);>\n"
1764 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1765 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1766 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, TYPE *>I<listelm>B<, >\n"
1767 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1768 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1769 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1770 "B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1771 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1772 "B<CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(CIRCLEQ_HEAD *>I<head>B<, >\n"
1773 "B< TYPE *>I<elm>B<, CIRCLEQ_ENTRY >I<NAME>B<);>\n"
1777 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:90
1779 "These macros define and operate on three types of data structures: lists, "
1780 "tail queues, and circular queues. All three structures support the "
1781 "following functionality:"
1785 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:95
1786 msgid "Insertion of a new entry at the head of the list."
1790 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:97
1791 msgid "Insertion of a new entry after any element in the list."
1795 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:99
1796 msgid "Removal of any entry in the list."
1800 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:101
1801 msgid "Forward traversal through the list."
1805 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:106
1807 "Lists are the simplest of the three data structures and support only the "
1808 "above functionality."
1812 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:108
1813 msgid "Tail queues add the following functionality:"
1817 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:111 build/C/man3/queue.3:133
1818 msgid "Entries can be added at the end of a list."
1822 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:114 build/C/man3/queue.3:141
1827 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:117 build/C/man3/queue.3:144
1833 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:119 build/C/man3/queue.3:146
1834 msgid "All list insertions and removals must specify the head of the list."
1838 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:119 build/C/man3/queue.3:146
1844 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:121 build/C/man3/queue.3:148
1845 msgid "Each head entry requires two pointers rather than one."
1849 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:121 build/C/man3/queue.3:148
1855 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:124
1857 "Code size is about 15% greater and operations run about 20% slower than "
1862 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:128
1863 msgid "Circular queues add the following functionality:"
1867 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:135
1868 msgid "Entries can be added before another entry."
1872 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:137
1873 msgid "They may be traversed backward, from tail to head."
1877 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:150
1878 msgid "The termination condition for traversal is more complex."
1882 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:150
1888 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:153
1890 "Code size is about 40% greater and operations run about 45% slower than "
1895 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:176
1897 "In the macro definitions, I<TYPE> is the name of a user-defined structure, "
1898 "that must contain a field of type B<LIST_ENTRY>, B<TAILQ_ENTRY>, or "
1899 "B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY>, named I<NAME>. The argument I<HEADNAME> is the name of a "
1900 "user-defined structure that must be declared using the macros B<LIST_HEAD>, "
1901 "B<TAILQ_HEAD>, or B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD>. See the examples below for further "
1902 "explanation of how these macros are used."
1906 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:176
1912 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:189
1914 "A list is headed by a structure defined by the B<LIST_HEAD> macro. This "
1915 "structure contains a single pointer to the first element on the list. The "
1916 "elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed "
1917 "without traversing the list. New elements can be added to the list after an "
1918 "existing element or at the head of the list. A B<LIST_HEAD> structure is "
1919 "declared as follows:"
1923 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:193
1925 msgid "LIST_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
1929 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:202
1931 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
1932 "the type of the elements to be linked into the list. A pointer to the head "
1933 "of the list can later be declared as:"
1937 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:206 build/C/man3/queue.3:299 build/C/man3/queue.3:401
1939 msgid "struct HEADNAME *headp;\n"
1943 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:214 build/C/man3/queue.3:307 build/C/man3/queue.3:409
1944 msgid "(The names I<head> and I<headp> are user selectable.)"
1948 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:219
1950 "The macro B<LIST_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements in "
1955 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:224
1956 msgid "The macro B<LIST_INIT> initializes the list referenced by I<head>."
1960 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:230
1962 "The macro B<LIST_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head of "
1967 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:237
1969 "The macro B<LIST_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
1970 "element I<listelm>."
1974 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:243
1975 msgid "The macro B<LIST_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the list."
1979 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:243
1981 msgid "List example"
1985 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:252
1988 "LIST_HEAD(listhead, entry) head;\n"
1989 "struct listhead *headp; /* List head. */\n"
1992 " LIST_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* List. */\n"
1994 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
1998 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:254
2000 msgid "LIST_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the list. */\n"
2004 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:257
2007 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
2008 "LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2012 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:263
2015 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
2016 "LIST_INSERT_AFTER(n1, n2, entries);\n"
2017 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
2018 "for (np = head.lh_first; np != NULL; np = np-E<gt>entries.le_next)\n"
2022 #. FIXME . http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1506
2024 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:267
2027 "while (head.lh_first != NULL) /* Delete. */\n"
2028 " LIST_REMOVE(head.lh_first, entries);\n"
2032 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:268
2038 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:282
2040 "A tail queue is headed by a structure defined by the B<TAILQ_HEAD> macro. "
2041 "This structure contains a pair of pointers, one to the first element in the "
2042 "tail queue and the other to the last element in the tail queue. The "
2043 "elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be removed "
2044 "without traversing the tail queue. New elements can be added to the tail "
2045 "queue after an existing element, at the head of the tail queue, or at the "
2046 "end of the tail queue. A B<TAILQ_HEAD> structure is declared as follows:"
2050 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:286
2052 msgid "TAILQ_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
2056 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:295
2058 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
2059 "the type of the elements to be linked into the tail queue. A pointer to the "
2060 "head of the tail queue can later be declared as:"
2064 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:312
2066 "The macro B<TAILQ_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements in "
2071 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:317
2072 msgid "The macro B<TAILQ_INIT> initializes the tail queue referenced by I<head>."
2076 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:323
2078 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head of "
2083 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:329
2085 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL> inserts the new element I<elm> at the end of "
2090 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:336
2092 "The macro B<TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
2093 "element I<listelm>."
2097 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:342
2098 msgid "The macro B<TAILQ_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the tail queue."
2102 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:342
2104 msgid "Tail queue example"
2108 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:351
2111 "TAILQ_HEAD(tailhead, entry) head;\n"
2112 "struct tailhead *headp; /* Tail queue head. */\n"
2115 " TAILQ_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* Tail queue. */\n"
2117 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
2121 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:353
2123 msgid "TAILQ_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the queue. */\n"
2127 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:356
2130 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
2131 "TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2135 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:359
2138 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the tail. */\n"
2139 "TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2143 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:368
2146 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
2147 "TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2148 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
2149 "for (np = head.tqh_first; np != NULL; np = np-E<gt>entries.tqe_next)\n"
2152 "while (head.tqh_first != NULL)\n"
2153 " TAILQ_REMOVE(&head, head.tqh_first, entries);\n"
2157 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:369
2159 msgid "Circular queues"
2163 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:384
2165 "A circular queue is headed by a structure defined by the B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD> "
2166 "macro. This structure contains a pair of pointers, one to the first element "
2167 "in the circular queue and the other to the last element in the circular "
2168 "queue. The elements are doubly linked so that an arbitrary element can be "
2169 "removed without traversing the queue. New elements can be added to the "
2170 "queue after an existing element, before an existing element, at the head of "
2171 "the queue, or at the end of the queue. A B<CIRCLEQ_HEAD> structure is "
2172 "declared as follows:"
2176 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:388
2178 msgid "CIRCLEQ_HEAD(HEADNAME, TYPE) head;\n"
2182 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:397
2184 "where I<HEADNAME> is the name of the structure to be defined, and I<TYPE> is "
2185 "the type of the elements to be linked into the circular queue. A pointer to "
2186 "the head of the circular queue can later be declared as:"
2190 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:414
2192 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_ENTRY> declares a structure that connects the elements "
2193 "in the circular queue."
2197 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:419
2199 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INIT> initializes the circular queue referenced by "
2204 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:425
2206 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD> inserts the new element I<elm> at the head "
2207 "of the circular queue."
2211 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:431
2213 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL> inserts the new element I<elm> at the end "
2214 "of the circular queue."
2218 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:438
2220 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER> inserts the new element I<elm> after the "
2221 "element I<listelm>."
2225 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:445
2227 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE> inserts the new element I<elm> before the "
2228 "element I<listelm>."
2232 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:451
2234 "The macro B<CIRCLEQ_REMOVE> removes the element I<elm> from the circular "
2239 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:451
2241 msgid "Circular queue example"
2245 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:460
2248 "CIRCLEQ_HEAD(circleq, entry) head;\n"
2249 "struct circleq *headp; /* Circular queue head. */\n"
2252 " CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(entry) entries; /* Circular queue. */\n"
2254 "} *n1, *n2, *np;\n"
2258 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:462
2260 msgid "CIRCLEQ_INIT(&head); /* Initialize the circular queue. */\n"
2264 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:465
2267 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the head. */\n"
2268 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2272 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:468
2275 "n1 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert at the tail. */\n"
2276 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&head, n1, entries);\n"
2280 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:471
2283 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert after. */\n"
2284 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2288 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:484
2291 "n2 = malloc(sizeof(struct entry)); /* Insert before. */\n"
2292 "CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(&head, n1, n2, entries);\n"
2293 " /* Forward traversal. */\n"
2294 "for (np = head.cqh_first; np != (void *)&head;\n"
2295 " np = np-E<gt>entries.cqe_next)\n"
2297 " /* Reverse traversal. */\n"
2298 "for (np = head.cqh_last; np != (void *)&head; np = "
2299 "np-E<gt>entries.cqe_prev)\n"
2302 "while (head.cqh_first != (void *)&head)\n"
2303 " CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&head, head.cqh_first, entries);\n"
2307 #: build/C/man3/queue.3:491
2309 "Not in POSIX.1-2001. Present on the BSDs. The queue functions first "
2310 "appeared in 4.4BSD."
2314 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:28
2320 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:28
2326 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:31
2327 msgid "realpath - return the canonicalized absolute pathname"
2331 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:35
2334 "B<#include E<lt>limits.hE<gt>>\n"
2335 "B<#include E<lt>stdlib.hE<gt>>\n"
2339 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:37
2341 msgid "B<char *realpath(const char *>I<path>B<, char *>I<resolved_path>B<);>\n"
2345 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:45
2346 msgid "B<realpath>():"
2350 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:49
2352 "_BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 500 || _XOPEN_SOURCE\\ &&\\ "
2353 "_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED"
2357 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:71
2359 "B<realpath>() expands all symbolic links and resolves references to I</./>, "
2360 "I</../> and extra \\(aq/\\(aq characters in the null-terminated string named "
2361 "by I<path> to produce a canonicalized absolute pathname. The resulting "
2362 "pathname is stored as a null-terminated string, up to a maximum of "
2363 "B<PATH_MAX> bytes, in the buffer pointed to by I<resolved_path>. The "
2364 "resulting path will have no symbolic link, I</./> or I</../> components."
2367 #. Even if we use resolved_path == NULL, then realpath() will still
2368 #. return ENAMETOOLONG if the resolved pathname would exceed PATH_MAX
2369 #. bytes -- MTK, Dec 04
2373 #. function first appeared in 4.4BSD, contributed by Jan-Simon Pendry.
2375 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:91
2377 "If I<resolved_path> is specified as NULL, then B<realpath>() uses "
2378 "B<malloc>(3) to allocate a buffer of up to B<PATH_MAX> bytes to hold the "
2379 "resolved pathname, and returns a pointer to this buffer. The caller should "
2380 "deallocate this buffer using B<free>(3)."
2384 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:96
2386 "If there is no error, B<realpath>() returns a pointer to the "
2391 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:103
2393 "Otherwise, it returns NULL, the contents of the array I<resolved_path> are "
2394 "undefined, and I<errno> is set to indicate the error."
2398 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:103
2404 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:104
2410 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:107
2411 msgid "Read or search permission was denied for a component of the path prefix."
2415 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:107
2420 #. (In libc5 this would just cause a segfault.)
2422 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:116
2424 "I<path> is NULL. (In glibc versions before 2.3, this error is also returned "
2425 "if I<resolved_path> is NULL.)"
2429 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:116
2435 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:119
2436 msgid "An I/O error occurred while reading from the filesystem."
2440 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:119
2446 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:122
2447 msgid "Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname."
2451 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:122
2453 msgid "B<ENAMETOOLONG>"
2457 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:129
2459 "A component of a pathname exceeded B<NAME_MAX> characters, or an entire "
2460 "pathname exceeded B<PATH_MAX> characters."
2464 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:129
2470 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:132
2471 msgid "The named file does not exist."
2475 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:132
2481 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:135
2482 msgid "A component of the path prefix is not a directory."
2486 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:137
2487 msgid "4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001."
2491 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:142
2493 "POSIX.1-2001 says that the behavior if I<resolved_path> is NULL is "
2494 "implementation-defined. POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior described in "
2499 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:154
2501 "In 4.4BSD and Solaris, the limit on the pathname length is B<MAXPATHLEN> "
2502 "(found in I<E<lt>sys/param.hE<gt>>). SUSv2 prescribes B<PATH_MAX> and "
2503 "B<NAME_MAX>, as found in I<E<lt>limits.hE<gt>> or provided by the "
2504 "B<pathconf>(3) function. A typical source fragment would be"
2508 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:164
2512 " path_max = PATH_MAX;\n"
2514 " path_max = pathconf(path, _PC_PATH_MAX);\n"
2515 " if (path_max E<lt>= 0)\n"
2516 " path_max = 4096;\n"
2521 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:168
2522 msgid "(But see the BUGS section.)"
2525 #. 2012-05-05, According to Casper Dik, the statement about
2526 #. Solaris was not true at least as far back as 1997, and
2527 #. may never have been true.
2529 #. The 4.4BSD, Linux and SUSv2 versions always return an absolute
2531 #. Solaris may return a relative pathname when the
2533 #. argument is relative.
2536 #. is given in \fI<unistd.h>\fP in libc4 and libc5,
2537 #. but in \fI<stdlib.h>\fP everywhere else.
2539 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:182
2541 msgid "GNU extensions"
2545 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:193
2547 "If the call fails with either B<EACCES> or B<ENOENT> and I<resolved_path> is "
2548 "not NULL, then the prefix of I<path> that is not readable or does not exist "
2549 "is returned in I<resolved_path>."
2553 #. The libc4 and libc5 implementation contained a buffer overflow
2554 #. (fixed in libc-5.4.13).
2555 #. Thus, set-user-ID programs like
2557 #. needed a private version.
2559 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:224
2561 "The POSIX.1-2001 standard version of this function is broken by design, "
2562 "since it is impossible to determine a suitable size for the output buffer, "
2563 "I<resolved_path>. According to POSIX.1-2001 a buffer of size B<PATH_MAX> "
2564 "suffices, but B<PATH_MAX> need not be a defined constant, and may have to be "
2565 "obtained using B<pathconf>(3). And asking B<pathconf>(3) does not really "
2566 "help, since, on the one hand POSIX warns that the result of B<pathconf>(3) "
2567 "may be huge and unsuitable for mallocing memory, and on the other hand "
2568 "B<pathconf>(3) may return -1 to signify that B<PATH_MAX> is not bounded. "
2569 "The I<resolved_path\\ ==\\ NULL> feature, not standardized in POSIX.1-2001, "
2570 "but standardized in POSIX.1-2008, allows this design problem to be avoided."
2574 #: build/C/man3/realpath.3:231
2576 "B<realpath>(1), B<readlink>(2), B<canonicalize_file_name>(3), B<getcwd>(3), "
2577 "B<pathconf>(3), B<sysconf>(3)"
2581 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:27
2587 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:27
2593 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:30
2594 msgid "setjmp, sigsetjmp - save stack context for nonlocal goto"
2598 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:32
2599 msgid "B<#include E<lt>setjmp.hE<gt>>"
2603 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:35
2605 msgid "B<int setjmp(jmp_buf >I<env>B<);>\n"
2609 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:37
2611 msgid "B<int sigsetjmp(sigjmp_buf >I<env>B<, int >I<savesigs>B<);>\n"
2615 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:46
2616 msgid "B<setjmp>(): see NOTES."
2620 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:49
2622 "B<sigsetjmp>(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE\\ E<gt>=\\ 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || "
2627 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:65
2629 "B<setjmp>() and B<longjmp>(3) are useful for dealing with errors and "
2630 "interrupts encountered in a low-level subroutine of a program. B<setjmp>() "
2631 "saves the stack context/environment in I<env> for later use by "
2632 "B<longjmp>(3). The stack context will be invalidated if the function which "
2633 "called B<setjmp>() returns."
2637 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:78
2639 "B<sigsetjmp>() is similar to B<setjmp>(). If, and only if, I<savesigs> is "
2640 "nonzero, the process's current signal mask is saved in I<env> and will be "
2641 "restored if a B<siglongjmp>(3) is later performed with this I<env>."
2645 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:88
2647 "B<setjmp>() and B<sigsetjmp>() return 0 if returning directly, and nonzero "
2648 "when returning from B<longjmp>(3) or B<siglongjmp>(3) using the saved "
2653 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:93
2655 "C89, C99, and POSIX.1-2001 specify B<setjmp>(). POSIX.1-2001 specifies "
2660 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:129
2662 "POSIX does not specify whether B<setjmp>() will save the signal mask (to be "
2663 "later restored during B<longjmp>(3)). In System V it will not. In 4.3BSD "
2664 "it will, and there is a function B<_setjmp> that will not. On Linux with "
2665 "glibc versions before 2.19, B<setjmp>() follows the System V behavior by "
2666 "default, but the BSD behavior is provided if the B<_BSD_SOURCE> feature test "
2667 "macro is defined and none of B<_POSIX_SOURCE>, B<_POSIX_C_SOURCE>, "
2668 "B<_XOPEN_SOURCE>, B<_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED>, B<_GNU_SOURCE>, or "
2669 "B<_SVID_SOURCE> is defined. Since glibc 2.19, I<E<lt>setjmp.hE<gt>> exposes "
2670 "only the System V version of B<setjmp>(). Programs that need the BSD "
2671 "semantics should replace calls to B<setjmp>() with calls to B<sigsetjmp>() "
2672 "with a nonzero I<savesigs> argument."
2676 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:134
2678 "If you want to portably save and restore signal masks, use B<sigsetjmp>() "
2679 "and B<siglongjmp>(3)."
2683 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:141
2685 "B<setjmp>() and B<sigsetjmp>() make programs hard to understand and "
2686 "maintain. If possible, an alternative should be used."
2690 #: build/C/man3/setjmp.3:144
2691 msgid "B<longjmp>(3), B<siglongjmp>(3)"
2695 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:13
2701 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:16
2702 msgid "xencrypt, xdecrypt, passwd2des - RFS password encryption"
2706 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:18
2707 msgid "B<#include E<lt>rpc/des_crypt.hE<gt>>"
2711 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:20
2712 msgid "B<void passwd2des(char >I<*passwd>B<, char *>I<key>B<);>"
2716 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:22
2717 msgid "B<int xencrypt(char *>I<secret>B<, char *>I<passwd>B<);>"
2721 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:24
2722 msgid "B<int xdecrypt(char *>I<secret>B<, char *>I<passwd>B<);>"
2726 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:40
2728 "The function B<passwd2des>() takes a character string I<passwd> of "
2729 "arbitrary length and fills a character array I<key> of length 8. The array "
2730 "I<key> is suitable for use as DES key. It has odd parity set in bit 0 of "
2731 "each byte. Both other functions described here use this function to turn "
2732 "their argument I<passwd> into a DES key."
2735 #. (over the alphabet 0123456789abcdefABCDEF),
2736 #. (over the alphabet 0123456789abcdef)
2738 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:57
2740 "The B<xencrypt>() function takes the ASCII character string I<secret> given "
2741 "in hex, which must have a length that is a multiple of 16, encrypts it using "
2742 "the DES key derived from I<passwd> by B<passwd2des>(), and outputs the "
2743 "result again in I<secret> as a hex string of the same length."
2747 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:61
2748 msgid "The B<xdecrypt>() function performs the converse operation."
2752 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:67
2754 "The functions B<xencrypt>() and B<xdecrypt>() return 1 on success and 0 on "
2759 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:69
2760 msgid "These functions are available in glibc since version 2.1."
2764 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:71
2765 msgid "The prototypes are missing from the abovementioned include file."
2769 #: build/C/man3/xcrypt.3:73
2770 msgid "B<cbc_crypt>(3)"