[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / release / man3 / exec.3

.\" Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\"
.\"     @(#)exec.3      6.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/91
.\"
.\" Converted for Linux, Mon Nov 29 11:12:48 1993, faith@cs.unc.edu
.\" Updated more for Linux, Tue Jul 15 11:54:18 1997, pacman@cqc.com
.\" Modified, 24 Jun 2004, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"     Added note on casting NULL
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 Masato Taruishi
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-05-27, Masato Taruishi
.\" Modified 1998-08-08, Fujiwara Teruyoshi <fujiwara@linux.or.jp>
.\" Modified 2000-10-06, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Modified 2005-02-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2010-10-27, Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v3.29
.\"
.\"WORD:        null-terminated strings    NULL¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ëʸ»úÎó
.\"WORD:        anti-Trojan-horse measure  ¥È¥í¥¤¤ÎÌÚÇÏÂкö
.\"WORD:        external variable          ³°ÉôÊÑ¿ô
.\"WORD:        current  directory first   ¥«¥ì¥ó¥È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬ºÇ½é
.\"WORD:        the attempted execve       ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤½¤¦¤È¤·¤¿execve
.\"WORD:        variadic function          ²ÄÊÑĹ°ú¤­¿ô´Ø¿ô
.\"WORD:        semantics                  (¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î)Æ°ºî
.\"
.TH EXEC 3  2010-09-25 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
execl, execlp, execle, execv, execvp, execvpe \- ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë
.SH ½ñ¼°
.B #include <unistd.h>
.sp
.B extern char **environ;
.sp
.BI "int execl(const char *" path ", const char *" arg ", ...);"
.br
.BI "int execlp(const char *" file ", const char *" arg ", ...);"
.br
.BI "int execle(const char *" path ", const char *" arg ,
.br
.BI "           ..., char * const " envp "[]);"
.br
.BI "int execv(const char *" path ", char *const " argv "[]);"
.br
.BI "int execvp(const char *" file ", char *const " argv "[]);"
.br
.BI "int execvpe(const char *" file ", char *const " argv "[],"
.br
.BI "           char *const " envp "[]);"
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.BR execvpe ():
_GNU_SOURCE
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR exec ()
¥Õ¥¡¥ß¥ê¡¼¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¸½ºß¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤ò¿·¤·¤¤¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤ÇÃÖ¤­
´¹¤¨¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR execve (2)
¤Î¥Õ¥í¥ó¥È¥¨¥ó¥É¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
(¸½ºß¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥¤¥á¡¼¥¸¤ÎÃÖ¤­´¹¤¨¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï
.BR execve (2)
¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ò»²¾È)
.PP
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.PP
´Ø¿ô
.BR execl (),
.BR execlp (),
.BR execle ()
¤Î
.I "const char *arg"
¤È¤½¤ì¤Ë³¤¯¾ÊάÉôʬ¤Ï
.IR arg0 ,
.IR arg1 ,
\&...,
.I argn
¤È¤ß¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
¤³¤ì¤é¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ÇÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ê°ú¤­¿ô¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë
(°ú¤­¿ô¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ï NULL ¤Ç½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤«¤é¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤ë)¡£
´·½¬¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢ºÇ½é¤Î°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾
¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£°ú¤­¿ô¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ïɬ¤º NULL
¤Ç½ª¤ï¤é¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤º¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï²ÄÊÑĹ°ú¤­¿ô´Ø¿ô¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¢
¤³¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ï
.I "(char *) NULL"
¤È¥­¥ã¥¹¥È¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
´Ø¿ô
.BR execv (),
.BR execvp (),
.BR execvpe ()
¤Ï¡¢ÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ê°ú¤­¿ô¥ê¥¹¥È (NULL ¤Ç½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î
¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ÎÇÛÎó) ¤ò¿·¤·¤¤¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ËÅϤ¹¡£
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¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ÎÇÛÎó¤Ïɬ¤º
NULL ¤Ç½ª¤ï¤é¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
´Ø¿ô
.BR execle (),
.BR execvpe ()
¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤¬°ú¤­¿ô
.I envp
·Ðͳ¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î´Ä¶­¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
.I envp
°ú¤­¿ô¤Ï¡¢NULL ¤Ç½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ÎÇÛÎó¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢
NULL ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç½ª¤ï¤é¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
¾¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î³°ÉôÊÑ¿ô
.B environ
¤«¤é¿·¤·¤¤¥×¥í¥»¥¹ÍѤδĶ­¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¡£
.SS execlp() ¤È execvp() ¤ÎÆÃÊ̤ÊÆ°ºî
.PP
´Ø¿ô
.BR execlp (),
.BR execvp (),
.BR execvpe ()
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¥·¥§¥ë¤ÈƱ¤¸Æ°ºî¤Ç¼Â¹Ô²Äǽ¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òõº÷¤¹¤ë¡£
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¸¡º÷¤Ï¡¢´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô
.B PATH
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¥«¥ì¥ó¥È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Î¸å¤í¤Ë¡¢
.I confstr(_CS_PATH)
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.BR confstr (3)
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»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬¥¹¥é¥Ã¥·¥å¤ò´Þ¤à¾ì¹ç¡¢
.B PATH
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¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤ÏÆÃÊ̤˽èÍý¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¼Â¹Ô¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç (¤³¤Î¤È¤­¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤½¤¦¤È¤·¤¿
.BR execve (2)
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.B EACCES
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¾¤Ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç
.I errno
¤Ë
.B EACCES
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.\" fujiwara: ¸Ä¿ÍŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡ÖÉüµ¢¤¹¤ë¡×¤ÎÊý¤¬¹¥¤­(^_^;

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(¤³¤Î¤È¤­¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤½¤¦¤È¤·¤¿
.BR execve (2)
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.B ENOEXEC
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.RI ( /bin/sh )
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.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.BR exec ()
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ÊÖ¤êÃÍ¤Ï \-1 ¤Ç¡¢
.I errno
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.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
¤³¤ì¤éÁ´¤Æ¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£¤½¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
.BR execve (2)
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.I errno
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.SH ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
.BR execvpe ()
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.SH ½àµò
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.

.BR execvpe ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï GNU ¤Ë¤è¤ë³ÈÄ¥¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH Ãí°Õ
Linux °Ê³°¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
(´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô \fBPATH\fR ¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤È¤­¤Î)
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.I /bin
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.I /usr/bin
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.PP
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.BR execlp ()
¤È
.BR execvp ()
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POSIX ɸ½à¤Ç¤âµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£BSD (¤Þ¤¿¤ª¤½¤é¤¯Â¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à) ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
.B ETXTBSY
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Linux ¤Ï¤½¤ì¤ò¥Ï¡¼¥É¥¨¥é¡¼¤È¤·¤Æ¼è¤ê°·¤¤Â¨ºÂ¤ËÉüµ¢¤¹¤ë¡£
.PP
ÅÁÅýŪ¤Ë¡¢´Ø¿ô
.BR execlp ()
¤È
.BR execvp ()
¤Ï¡¢¾å¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿¥¨¥é¡¼¤È¡¢¤³¤ì¤é 2 ¤Ä¤Î´Ø¿ô¼«¿È¤¬ÊÖ¤¹
.B ENOMEM
¤È
.B E2BIG
°Ê³°¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤ò̵»ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤¬¡¢
º£¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¾å¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿°Ê³°¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â¡¢
Ê֤äƤ¯¤ë¤è¤¦Êѹ¹¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR sh (1),
.BR execve (2),
.BR fork (2),
.BR ptrace (2),
.BR fexecve (3),
.BR environ (7)