[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / release / man3 / realpath.3

.\" Copyright (C), 1994, Graeme W. Wilford. (Wilf.)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Rewritten old page, 990824, aeb@cwi.nl
.\" 2004-12-14, mtk, added discussion of resolved_path == NULL
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 SHOJI Yasushi all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-03-22, SHOJI Yasushi <yashi@yashi.com>
.\" Updated 1999-03-07, Shouichi Saito
.\" Updated 2003-01-17, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-02-27, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\" Updated 2005-09-06, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\" Updated 2009-04-24, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.20
.\"
.\"WORD: bounded        À©¸Â¤¬¤Ê¤¤
.\"
.TH REALPATH 3  2010-09-20 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
realpath \- Àµµ¬²½¤µ¤ì¤¿ÀäÂХѥ¹Ì¾¤òÊÖ¤¹
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <limits.h>
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "char *realpath(const char *" path ", char *" resolved_path );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.BR realpath ():
.ad l
.RS 4
_BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500 ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
.RE
.ad
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR realpath ()
¤Ï
.I path
¤È¤·¤ÆÍ¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿ NULL ½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎóÃæ¤Î
¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤òŸ³«¤·¡¢
.IR "/./" ", " "/../"
¤Ë¤è¤ë»²¾È¤ä;ʬ¤Ê \(aq/\(aq
¤ò²ò·è¤·¤Æ¡¢Àµµ¬²½¤µ¤ì¤¿ÀäÂХѥ¹Ì¾¤òÀ¸À®¤¹¤ë¡£
ÆÀ¤é¤ì¤¿ÀäÂХѥ¹Ì¾¤Ï¡¢ºÇÂç¤Ç
.B PATH_MAX
¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î NULL ½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢
.I resolved_path
¤Ë¤è¤ê»²¾È¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤Ë³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
·ë²Ì¤È¤·¤ÆÊÖ¤ë¥Ñ¥¹¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤ä
.IR "/./" ", " "/../"
¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿Í×ÁǤϴޤޤì¤Ê¤¤¡£
.I resolved_path
¤Ë NULL ¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢
.BR realpath ()
¤Ï
.BR malloc (3)
¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ²ò·è¤·¤¿¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤òÊÝ»ý¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤ò
ºÇÂç¤Ç
.B PATH_MAX
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¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Ï¡¢
.BR free (3)
¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤³¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤ò²òÊü¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.\" resolved_path == NULL ¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â¡¢²ò·è¤·¤¿¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ÎŤµ¤¬
.\" PATH_MAX ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤òĶ¤¨¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë¤Ï¡¢realpath() ¤ÏÁ°¤ÈƱ¤¸¤¯
.\" ENAMETOOLONG ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£-- MTK, Dec 04
.\" .SH Îò»Ë
.\" .BR realpath ()
.\" ´Ø¿ô¤Ï 4.4BSD ¤Ç½é¤á¤ÆÅо줷¤¿ (Jan-Simon Pendry ¤Ë¤è¤êÄ󶡤µ¤ì¤¿)¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
.BR realpath ()
¤Ï
.I resolved_path
¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¥Ì¥ë (NULL) ¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¤¬Ê֤ꡢÇÛÎó
.I resolved_path
¤ÎÆâÍƤÏÉÔÄê¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¢
.I errno
¤Ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤ÎÆâÍƤò¼¨¤¹Ãͤ¬¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EACCES
¥Ñ¥¹¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÉôʬ¤Ë¡¢Æɤ߽Ф·µö²Ä¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¸¡º÷µö²Ä¤¬Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B EINVAL
.I path
¤«
.I resolved_path
¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤¬ NULL ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
(libc5 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¾ì¹ç segfault ¤òµ¯¤³¤¹¤À¤±¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦)
⤷¡¢²¼µ­¤Î¡ÖÃí°Õ¡×¤ÎÀá¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£
.TP
.B EIO
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÆɤà¤È¤­¤Ë¡¢I/O¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬µ¯¤³¤Ã¤¿¡£
.TP
.B ELOOP
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ÎÊÑ´¹¤Ë¤¢¤¿¤ê¡¢²ò·è¤¹¤Ù¤­¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¡¦¥ê¥ó¥¯¤Î¿ô¤¬Â¿²á¤®¤¿¡£
.TP
.B ENAMETOOLONG
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î°ìÍ×ÁǤÎʸ»ú¿ô¤¬
.B NAME_MAX
¤ò±Û¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¢¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾Á´ÂΤÎʸ»ú¿ô¤¬
.B PATH_MAX
¤ò±Û¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ENOENT
»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
.TP
.B ENOTDIR
¥Ñ¥¹¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥êÍ×ÁǤ¬¡¢¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¡£
.SH ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤¬ Linux ¤ËÅо줷¤¿¤Î¤Ï libc 4.5.21 ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ½àµò
4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.

POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ç¤Ï
.I resolved_path
¤¬ NULL ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤ÎÆ°ºî¤Ï¼ÂÁõ¤Ë°Í¸¤¹¤ë¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
POSIX.1-2008 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÆ°ºî¤¬µ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.SH Ãí°Õ
4.4BSD ¤È Solaris ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ÎŤµ¤Î¾å¸Â¤Ï
(\fI<sys/param.h>\fP ¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤¢¤ë)
.B MAXPATHLEN
¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£SUSv2 ¤Ç¤Ï
.B PATH_MAX
¤È
.B NAME_MAX
¤¬µ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
¤³¤ì¤é¤Ï \fI<limits.h>\fP ¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¡¢
.BR pathconf (3)
´Ø¿ô¤«¤éÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ë¡£°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥½¡¼¥¹¥³¡¼¥É¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤¡£
.LP
.in +4n
.nf
#ifdef PATH_MAX
  path_max = PATH_MAX;
#else
  path_max = pathconf(path, _PC_PATH_MAX);
  if (path_max <= 0)
         path_max = 4096;
#endif
.fi
.in
.LP
(¥Ð¥°¤Î¾Ï¤â»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È¡£) 
.LP
4.4BSD¡¢Linux¡¢SUSv2 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ÊÖ¤êÃͤϾï¤ËÀäÂХѥ¹Ì¾¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
Solaris ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
°ú¤­¿ô
.I path
¤¬ÁêÂХѥ¹¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ÊÖ¤êÃͤ¬ÁêÂХѥ¹¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.BR realpath ()
¤Î¥×¥í¥È¥¿¥¤¥×Àë¸À¤Ï¡¢
libc4 ¤È libc5 ¤Ç¤Ï \fI<unistd.h>\fP ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢
¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î´Ä¶­¤Ç¤Ï¤¤¤º¤ì¤â \fI<stdlib.h>\fP ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ¥Ð¥°
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Î POSIX.1-2001 ÈǤϡ¢Àß·×Ãʳ¬¤«¤éÌäÂ꤬¤¢¤ë¡£
½ÐÎϥХåե¡
.I resolved_path
¤ÎŬÀڤʥµ¥¤¥º¤ò·èÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ç¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¡¦¥µ¥¤¥º¤È¤·¤Æ
.B PATH_MAX
¤Ï½½Ê¬¤À¤È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢
.B PATH_MAX
¤ÏÄêµÁºÑ¤ÎÄê¿ô¤Ç¤¢¤ëɬÍפϤʤ¯¡¢
.BR pathconf (3)
¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÆÀ¤é¤ì¤ëÃͤǤ¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.BR pathconf (3)
¤«¤é¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¡¦¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò¼èÆÀ¤·¤¿¤È¤·¤Æ¤âɬ¤º¤·¤â½½Ê¬¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤é¡¢POSIX ¤Ç·Ù¹ð¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢
.BR pathconf (3)
¤ÎÊÖ¤êÃͤ¬Â礭²á¤®¤ÆŬÀڤ˥á¥â¥ê¤ò³ÎÊݤ¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤
¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤°ìÊý¤Ç¡¢
.BR pathconf (3)
¤Ï
.B PATH_MAX
¤ËÀ©¸Â¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤¹ \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤¹¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.I "resolved_path\ ==\ NULL"
¤Îµ¡Ç½¤ò»È¤¦¤È¡¢¤³¤ÎÀß·×¾å¤ÎÌäÂê¤ò²óÈò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ç¤Ïɸ½à²½¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢
POSIX.1-2008 ¤Ç¤Ïɸ½à²½¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.LP
libc4 ¤È libc5 ¤Î¼ÂÁõ¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¡¦¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤Î²ÄǽÀ­¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë
(libc-5.4.13 ¤Ç½¤Àµ¤µ¤ì¤¿¤¬)¡£¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¡¢
.BR mount (8)
¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê set-user-ID ¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
¤³¤Î´Ø¿ôÁêÅö¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò¼«Á°¤Ç»ý¤ÄɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR readlink (2),
.BR canonicalize_file_name (3),
.BR getcwd (3),
.BR pathconf (3),
.BR sysconf (3)