[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / release / man3 / strtok.3

.\" Copyright (C) 1996 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
.\" and Copyright (C) 2005 Michael Kerrisk (mtk.manpages@gmail.com)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Rewritten old page, 960210, aeb@cwi.nl
.\" Updated, added strtok_r. 2000-02-13 Nicolas Lichtmaier <nick@debian.org>
.\" 2005-11-17, mtk: Substantial parts rewritten
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 Ishii Tatsuo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-03-27, Ishii Tatsuo <rfun@azusa.shinshu-u.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2000-04-05, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2000-09-21, Kentaro Shirakata
.\" Updated 2002-03-28, Kentaro Shirakata
.\" Updated 2005-11-19, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.TH STRTOK 3  2010-09-27 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
strtok, strtok_r \- ʸ»úÎ󤫤é¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤ò¼è¤ê½Ð¤¹
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <string.h>
.sp
.BI "char *strtok(char *" str ", const char *" delim );
.sp
.BI "char *strtok_r(char *" str ", const char *" delim ", char **" saveptr );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.ad l
.BR strtok_r ():
_SVID_SOURCE || _BSD_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 1 ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE
.ad b
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.BR strtok ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ïʸ»úÎó¤ò²òÀϤ·¤Æ¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤Ëʬ³ä¤¹¤ë¡£
.BR strtok ()
¤òºÇ½é¤Ë¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹ºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢²òÀÏÂоݤÎʸ»úÎó¤ò \fIstr\fP ¤Ë
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£Æ±¤¸Ê¸»úÎó¤Î²òÀϤò¹Ô¤¦¤½¤Î¸å¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
\fIstr\fP ¤Ë¤Ï NULL ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£

\fIdelim\fP °ú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤Ï¡¢²òÀϤ¹¤ëʸ»úÎó¤ò¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤Ë¶èÀÚ¤ëʸ»ú½¸¹ç¤ò
»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£Æ±¤¸Ê¸»úÎó¤ò²òÀϤ¹¤ë°ìÏ¢¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢
\fIdelim\fP ¤Ë°ã¤¦Ê¸»úÎó¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤¡£

.BR strtok ()
¤Î¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤ò
³ÊǼ¤·¤¿ NULL ½ªÃ¼¤µ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
¤³¤Îʸ»úÎó¤Ë¤Ï¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤Ï´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤³¤ì°Ê¾å¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢NULL ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

²òÀÏÂоݤÎʸ»úÎó¤Ë2¤Ä°Ê¾å¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤¬Ï¢Â³¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
°ì¤Ä¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤È¤ß¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
ʸ»úÎó¤ÎÀèƬ¤äËöÈø¤Ë¤¢¤ë¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤Ï̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¸À¤¤´¹¤¨¤ë¤È¡¢
.BR strtok ()
¤¬ÊÖ¤¹¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤Ï¾ï¤Ë¶õ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤Ê¸»úÎó¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£

.BR strtok_r ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR strtok ()
¤Î¥ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥é¥ó¥ÈÈǤǤ¢¤ë¡£
\fIsaveptr\fP °ú¤­¿ô¤Ï \fIchar *\fP ÊÑ¿ô¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢
Ʊ¤¸Ê¸»úÎó¤Î²òÀϤò¹Ô¤¦
.BR strtok_r ()
¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·´Ö¤Ç½èÍý¾õ¶·¤òÊݸ¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
.BR strtok_r ()
ÆâÉô¤Ç»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£

.BR strtok_r ()
¤òºÇ½é¤Ë¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹ºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.I str
¤Ï²òÀÏÂоݤÎʸ»úÎó¤ò»Ø¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤º¡¢
.I saveptr
¤ÎÃͤÏ̵»ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
.I str
¤Ï NULL ¤È¤·¡¢
.I saveptr
¤ÏÁ°²ó¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·°Ê¹ßÊѹ¹¤·¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

.BR strtok_r ()
¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·»þ¤Ë°Û¤Ê¤ë \fIsaveptr\fP °ú¤­¿ô¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢
°Û¤Ê¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Î²òÀϤòƱ»þ¤Ë¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.BR strtok ()
¤È
.BR strtok_r ()
¤Ï¼¡¤Î¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤«¡¢
¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤¬¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð NULL ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.SH ½àµò
.TP
.BR strtok ()
SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
.TP
.BR strtok_r ()
POSIX.1-2001.
.SH ¥Ð¥°
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤¦¤Î¤Ï¿µ½Å¤Ë¶ãÌ£¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£
»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤ÎÅÀ¤ËÃí°Õ¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¢¤ë¡£
.IP * 2
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¤½¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î°ú¿ô¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¡£
.IP *
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï const ¤Êʸ»úÎó¤Ç¤Ï»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡£
.IP *
¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¼«ÂΤϼº¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¡£
.IP *
.BR strtok ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ïʸ»úÎó¤Î²òÀϤËÀÅŪ¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¥»¡¼¥Õ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤³¤ì¤¬ÌäÂê¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï
.BR strtok_r ()
¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤³¤È¡£
.SH Îã
°Ê²¼¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¡¢
.BR strtok_r ()
¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¥ë¡¼¥×¤òÆþ¤ì»Ò¤Ë¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤ·¡¢
ʸ»úÎó¤ò2³¬ÁؤΥȡ¼¥¯¥ó¤Ëʬ³ä¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
1ÈÖÌܤΥ³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó°ú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤Ï¡¢²òÀÏÂоݤÎʸ»úÎó¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
2ÈÖÌܤΰú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Ê¸»úÎó¤ò¡ÖÂ礭¤Ê¡×¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤Ëʬ³ä¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
3ÈÖÌܤΰú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¡ÖÂ礭¤Ê¡×¥È¡¼¥¯¥ó¤òºÙ¤«¤¯Ê¬³ä¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë
»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.PP
.PP
¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î½ÐÎÏÎã¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡£
.PP
.in +4n
.nf
.RB "$" " ./a.out \(aqa/bbb///cc;xxx:yyy:\(aq \(aq:;\(aq \(aq/\(aq"
1: a/bbb///cc
         \-\-> a
         \-\-> bbb
         \-\-> cc
2: xxx
         \-\-> xxx
3: yyy
         \-\-> yyy
.fi
.in
.SS ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹
\&
.nf
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    char *str1, *str2, *token, *subtoken;
    char *saveptr1, *saveptr2;
    int j;

    if (argc != 4) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s string delim subdelim\\n",
                argv[0]);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    for (j = 1, str1 = argv[1]; ; j++, str1 = NULL) {
        token = strtok_r(str1, argv[2], &saveptr1);
        if (token == NULL)
            break;
        printf("%d: %s\\n", j, token);

        for (str2 = token; ; str2 = NULL) {
            subtoken = strtok_r(str2, argv[3], &saveptr2);
            if (subtoken == NULL)
                break;
            printf("\t \-\-> %s\\n", subtoken);
        }
    }

    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
.fi
.PP
.BR strtok ()
¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿ÊÌ¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥àÎ㤬
.BR getaddrinfo_a (3)
¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR index (3),
.BR memchr (3),
.BR rindex (3),
.BR strchr (3),
.BR string (3),
.BR strpbrk (3),
.BR strsep (3),
.BR strspn (3),
.BR strstr (3),
.BR wcstok (3)