1 .\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
3 .\" This manpage is Copyright (C) 2006, Michael Kerrisk
5 .\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
6 .\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
7 .\" preserved on all copies.
9 .\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
10 .\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
11 .\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
12 .\" permission notice identical to this one.
14 .\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
15 .\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
16 .\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
17 .\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
18 .\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
19 .\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
22 .\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
23 .\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
25 .\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2006 Akihiro MOTOKI all rights reserved.
26 .\" Translated 2006-07-16, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
27 .\" Updated 2007-05-01, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.46
28 .\" Updated 2007-09-08, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.64
29 .\" Updated 2009-04-23, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.21
31 .\"WORD: feature test macro µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í
32 .\"WORD: feature test macro requirements µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
34 .TH FEATURE_TEST_MACROS 7 2010-09-10 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
36 feature_test_macros \- µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í
39 .B #include <features.h>
42 µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í (feature test macro) ¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥Þ¤Ï
43 ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤¬¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤µ¤ì¤ëºÝ¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤è¤ê
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50 ¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç»ØÄꤹ¤ëÊýË¡
51 .RI ( "cc \-DMACRO=value" )
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66 ¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Î½ñ¼° (SYNOPSIS) ¤ÎÀá¤Ë
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73 .B #include <unistd.h>
75 .BI "int acct(const char *" filename );
79 glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
80 .RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
86 _BSD_SOURCE || (_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE\ <\ 500)
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99 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE /* or any value < 500 */
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109 cc \-D_XOPEN_SOURCE # Or any value < 500
114 .B ¡Ö¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Ï¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡×
116 ¤³¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¡Ö½ñ¼°¡×¤ËµºÜ¤µ¤ì¤¿µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ò¾ï¤Ë
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127 .B #define _GNU_SOURCE
128 .B #include <fcntl.h>
130 .BI "ssize_t readahead(int " fd ", off64_t *" offset ", size_t " count );
134 ´Ø¿ôÄêµÁ¤Î¸ø³«¤Ë»È¤¨¤ëµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤¬°ì¤Ä¤À¤±¤Ç¡¢
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137 .SS glibc ¤¬²ò¼á¤¹¤ëµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í
138 °Ê²¼¤Ç¤Ï¡¢Linux glibc 2.\fIx\fP (\fIx\fP > 0) ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢
139 µ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤¬¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë°·¤ï¤ì¤ë¤«¤òÀâÌÀ¤¹¤ë¡£
140 .\" The details in glibc 2.0 are simpler, but combining a
141 .\" a description of them with the details in later glibc versions
142 .\" would make for a complicated description.
144 Linux/glibc ¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ò²ò¼á¤¹¤ë:
153 ¤Ê¤É¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤òÉÕ¤±¤Æµ¯Æ°¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
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158 °Ê²¼¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
161 Ãͤ¬ 1 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢POSIX.1-1990 ¤È ISO C (1990) ¤Ë½àµò¤¹¤ëÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
164 POSIX.2-1992 ´ØÏ¢¤ÎÄêµÁ¤âÄɲäǸø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
166 Ãͤ¬ 199309 °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
167 POSIX.1b (¥ê¥¢¥ë¥¿¥¤¥à³ÈÄ¥) ´ØÏ¢¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬ÄɲäǸø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
168 .\" 199506L functionality is only available since glibc 2.1
170 Ãͤ¬ 199506 °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
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174 Ãͤ¬ 200112L °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
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178 Ãͤ¬ 200809L °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
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183 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÏÇÑ»ßͽÄê¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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192 ¤É¤ó¤ÊÃͤǤ⡢¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç
193 POSIX.1, POSIX.2, XPG4 ¤Ë½àµò¤¹¤ëÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
195 Ãͤ¬ 500 °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
196 SUSv2 (UNIX 98) ´ØÏ¢¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬ÄɲäǸø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
199 Ãͤ¬ 600 °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
200 SUSv3 (UNIX 03; POSIX.1-2001 ´ðËÜ»ÅÍÍ + XSI ³ÈÄ¥¤ÈƱ¤¸)
201 ´ØÏ¢¤ÎÄêµÁ¤È C99 ¤Ç¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬ÄɲäǸø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
204 Ãͤ¬ 700 °Ê¾å¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢
205 SUSv4 (POSIX.1-2008 ´ðËÜ»ÅÍÍ + XSI ³ÈÄ¥¤ÈƱ¤¸)
206 ´ØÏ¢¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬ÄɲäǸø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
209 .B _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
210 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¡¢¤µ¤é¤Ë
212 ¤¬ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¡¢XPG4v2 (SUSv1) UNIX ³ÈÄ¥ (UNIX 95)
213 ¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ëÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
215 ¤¬ 500 °Ê¾å¤ÎÃͤÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Ï°ÅÌۤΤ¦¤Á¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
218 ISO C (1990) ¤Î C99 ³ÈÄ¥¤ò¸ø³«¤¹¤ë¡£
219 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Ï glibc 2.1.3 °Ê¹ß¤Çǧ¼±¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
220 ½é´ü¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.1.x ¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ê
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225 ¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Î»ÈÍѤÏÇѻߤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢
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228 .B _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
229 LFS (Large File Summit) ¤Ë¤è¤ê
230 "»ÃÄê³ÈÄ¥ (transitional extension)" Single UNIX Specification
231 ¤È¤·¤Æµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤¿ÂåÂØ API (alternative API) ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëÄêµÁ¤ò¸ø³«¤¹¤ë
232 (http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html »²¾È)¡£
233 ÂåÂØ API ¤Ï¿·µ¬¥ª¥Ö¥¸¥§¥¯¥È (´Ø¿ô¤È·¿) ¤Î½¸¹ç¤Ç¹½À®¤µ¤ì¡¢
234 ¤½¤Î̾Á°¤Ï "64" ¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ë (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢
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244 .I _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
248 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÃÍ 64 ¤ÇÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë I/O ¤È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥àÁàºî¤Ë
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253 (¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤·Ä¾¤¹¤À¤±¤ÇÂ礤ʥե¡¥¤¥ë¤ò
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255 64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ï¡¢¤â¤È¤â¤È 2 ¥®¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤è¤êÂ礤ʥե¡¥¤¥ë¤ò
256 °·¤¨¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢64 ¥Ó¥Ã¥È¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Ï¸ú²Ì¤ò»ý¤¿¤Ê¤¤¡£
259 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È (Ãͤ˴ؤï¤é¤º) ¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç
260 BSD ͳÍè¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
261 ¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ÁêÍƤì¤Ê¤¤É¸½à¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¾õ¶·¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ
262 BSD ͳÍè¤ÎÄêµÁ¤òÍ¥À褹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
266 .BR _POSIX_C_SOURCE ,
268 .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED ,
270 ¤¬°ì¤Ä¤Ç¤âÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢BSD ͳÍè¤ÎÄêµÁ¤ÏÍ¥À褵¤ì¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
273 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È (Ãͤ˴ؤï¤é¤º) ¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç
274 System V ͳÍè¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë
275 (SVID == System V Interface Definition;
279 .BR _ATFILE_SOURCE " (glibc 2.4 °Ê¹ß)"
280 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È (Ãͤ˴ؤï¤é¤º) ¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç
281 ̾Á°¤ÎËöÈø¤¬ "at" ¤Î³Æ¼ï¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
284 glibc 2.10 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
286 ¤¬ 200809L °Ê¾å¤ÎÃͤÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
287 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤â°ÅÌۤΤ¦¤Á¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
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295 .BR _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE ,
297 .BR _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED ,
301 (¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.10 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÃÍ¤Ï 200112L¡¢
302 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.5 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÃÍ¤Ï 199506L¡¢
303 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.1 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÃÍ¤Ï 199309L),
306 (¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.10 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÃÍ¤Ï 600¡¢
307 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó 2.2 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÃÍ¤Ï 500)¡£
308 ¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢³Æ¼ï¤Î GNU ¸ÇͤγÈÄ¥¤â¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
309 »ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿É¸½à¤ËÌ·½â¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
310 BSD ͳÍè¤ÎÄêµÁ¤¬Í¥À褵¤ì¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¡£
313 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¥ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥é¥ó¥È (ºÆÆþ²Äǽ) ¤Ê´Ø¿ô
314 ÄêµÁ¤¬¸ø³«¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë
321 ¾¤Î¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¼ÂÁõ¤È¤Î¸ß´¹À¤òÄ󶡤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤â¤Î¡£
323 .BR _FORTIFY_SOURCE " (glibc 2.3.4 °Ê¹ß)"
324 .\" For more detail, see:
325 .\" http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html
326 .\" [PATCH] Object size checking to prevent (some) buffer overflows
327 .\" * From: Jakub Jelinek <jakub at redhat dot com>
328 .\" * To: gcc-patches at gcc dot gnu dot org
329 .\" * Date: Tue, 21 Sep 2004 04:16:40 -0400
330 ¤³¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢Ê¸»úÎó¤ä¥á¥â¥ê¤ÎÁàºî¤ò¹Ô¤¦ÍÍ¡¹¤Ê´Ø¿ô¤ò
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426 ¸Å¤¤¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î glibc ¤Ç¤Ï
428 ¤ÎÃͤȤ·¤Æ 200112L ¤ä 200809L ¤Ï¸ºß¤»¤º¡¢
430 ¤ÎÃͤ¬¤É¤¦¤Ê¤ë¤«¤Ï glibc ¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤è¤ê°Û¤Ê¤ë¡£
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438 glibc 2.10 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï 200809L ¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£
442 ¤Þ¤¿¡¢Ê£¿ô¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤òÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
443 ¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ÄêµÁ¤·¤¿¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ͸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
446 .BR _POSIX_C_SOURCE ,
450 .B _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
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454 ¤Ï¤É¤Îɸ½à¤Ç¤âµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢
455 ¾¤Î¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«¤Î¼ÂÁõ¤ÇºÎÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
461 .BR _FORTIFY_SOURCE ,
464 ¤Ï Linux (glibc) ¸ÇͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
467 ¤Ï Linux/glibc ¸ÇͤΥإåÀ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
468 ¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤âƱÍͤÎÌÜŪ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢ÉáÄ̤ϰ㤦̾Á°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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475 ¤Ï¡¢Â¾¤Î glibc ¥Ø¥Ã¥À¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤µ¤ì¤ë³Æ¼ï¤Î¾¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ò¡¢
476 ÆâÉô¤ÇÄêµÁ¤¹¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤Î̾Á°¤Ï¥¢¥ó¥À¡¼¥¹¥³¥¢ 2¤Ä¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë
479 ¥æ¡¼¥¶¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ò \fI·è¤·¤Æ\fP ľÀÜÄêµÁ¤¹¤Ù¤¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
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482 ²¼µ¤Î¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò»È¤¦¤È¡¢³Æ¼ï¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤¬ glibc ¤Î¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó
483 ¤Ë±þ¤¸¤Æ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¤«¤ä¡¢¤É¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤¬ÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë
484 ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¤«¡¢¤òÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£
485 °Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹¥·¥§¥ë¡¦¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¢
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492 _POSIX_SOURCE defined
493 _POSIX_C_SOURCE defined: 200809L
496 _ATFILE_SOURCE defined
497 $ \fBcc -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 ftm.c\fP
499 _POSIX_SOURCE defined
500 _POSIX_C_SOURCE defined: 199506L
501 _XOPEN_SOURCE defined: 500
502 $ \fBcc -D_GNU_SOURCE ftm.c\fP
504 _POSIX_SOURCE defined
505 _POSIX_C_SOURCE defined: 200809L
506 _ISOC99_SOURCE defined
507 _XOPEN_SOURCE defined: 700
508 _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED defined
509 _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE defined
512 _ATFILE_SOURCE defined
526 main(int argc, char *argv[])
529 printf("_POSIX_SOURCE defined\\n");
532 #ifdef _POSIX_C_SOURCE
533 printf("_POSIX_C_SOURCE defined: %ldL\\n", (long) _POSIX_C_SOURCE);
536 #ifdef _ISOC99_SOURCE
537 printf("_ISOC99_SOURCE defined\\n");
541 printf("_XOPEN_SOURCE defined: %d\\n", _XOPEN_SOURCE);
544 #ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
545 printf("_XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED defined\\n");
548 #ifdef _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
549 printf("_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE defined\\n");
552 #ifdef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
553 printf("_FILE_OFFSET_BITS defined: %d\\n", _FILE_OFFSET_BITS);
557 printf("_BSD_SOURCE defined\\n");
561 printf("_SVID_SOURCE defined\\n");
564 #ifdef _ATFILE_SOURCE
565 printf("_ATFILE_SOURCE defined\\n");
569 printf("_GNU_SOURCE defined\\n");
573 printf("_REENTRANT defined\\n");
577 printf("_THREAD_SAFE defined\\n");
580 #ifdef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
581 printf("_FORTIFY_SOURCE defined\\n");
592 ¤Î "Feature Test Macros" ¤ÎÀá¡£
593 .\" But beware: the info libc document is out of date (Jul 07, mtk)
595 .I /usr/include/features.h