(split) [JM:00127] Fix a translation mistake in semop(2).

[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / release / man7 / glob.7

.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Andries Brouwer
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
.\"
.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" 2003-08-24 fix for / by John Kristoff + joey
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Wed 12 Aug 1998 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2003-09-28 by NAKANO Takeo
.\"
.\"WORD:        wild card pattern       ¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó
.\"WORD:        character class         ʸ»ú¥¯¥é¥¹
.\"WORD:        range                   Îΰè»ØÄê
.\"WORD:        complementation         Ê佸¹ç
.\"WORD:        regular expression      Àµµ¬É½¸½
.\"WORD:        bracket expression      ¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥Èɽ¸½
.\"WORD:        collating sequence      ¾È¹ç½ç½ø
.\"WORD:        collating element       ¾È¹ç½ç½ø¤ÎÍ×ÁÇ
.\"WORD:        current locale          ¥«¥ì¥ó¥È¥í¥±¡¼¥ë
.\"WORD:        equivalence class       Åù²Á¥¯¥é¥¹
.\"
.TH GLOB 7 2003-08-24 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
glob \- ¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤ò glob ¤¹¤ë
.SH ÀâÌÀ
ÀΡ¹ UNIX V6 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤òŸ³«¤¹¤ë
.I /etc/glob
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º£Æü¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤ò¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤«¤é¤â¼Â¹Ô¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¡¢
.BR glob (3)
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glob ¤Îµ¬Â§¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ë½Ò¤Ù¤ë (POSIX.2 3.13)¡£
.SS ¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Þ¥Ã¥Á
ʸ»úÎó¤Ë \(aq?\(aq, \(aq*\(aq, \(aq[\(aq ¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¡¢
¤½¤ì¤Ï¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤È¤ß¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
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¤½¤Î¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤òÆÀ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

(¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥È³°Éô¤Î) \(aq?\(aq ¤Ï¤¢¤é¤æ¤ëñ°ì¤Îʸ»ú¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£

(¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥È³°Éô¤Î) \(aq*\(aq ¤Ï¤¢¤é¤æ¤ëʸ»úÎó¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£
¶õʸ»úÎó (empty string) ¤Ë¤â¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£
.PP
.B "ʸ»ú¥¯¥é¥¹ (character class)"
.sp
"\fI[...]\fP" ¤È¸À¤¦É½µ­¤Ï¡¢ÀèƬ¤Î \(aq[\(aq ¤Ë³¤¯ºÇ½é¤Îʸ»ú¤¬ \(aq!\(aq ¤Ç
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¤Ç¤­¤ë (¤Ä¤Þ¤ê "\fI[][!]\fP" ¤Ï \(aq[\(aq, \(aq]\(aq, \(aq!\(aq ¤Î
3 ʸ»ú¤Î¤É¤ì¤«¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë)¡£
.PP
.B "Îΰè»ØÄê (range)"
.sp
Æüì¤Êɽµ­Ë¡¤¬°ì¤Ä¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£\(aq\-\(aq ¤ò¶´¤àÆó¤Ä¤Îʸ»ú¤ÏÎΰè»ØÄê¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£
(¤Ä¤Þ¤ê "\fI[A\-Fa\-f0\-9]\fP" ¤Ï "\fI[ABCDEFabcdef0123456789]\fP"
¤ÈÅù²Á¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£) \(aq\-\(aq ʸ»ú¤½¤Î¤â¤Î¤òÆþ¤ì¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÀèƬ¤Þ¤¿¤ÏºÇ¸å¤Îʸ»ú¤Ë»ØÄꤹ¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¡£
(¤Ä¤Þ¤ê "\fI[]\-]\fP" ¤ÏÆó¤Ä¤Îʸ»ú \(aq]\(aq ¤È \(aq\-\(aq
¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¡¢"\fI[\-\-0]\fP" ¤Ï \(aq\-\(aq, \(aq.\(aq, \(aq0\(aq ¤Î
3 ʸ»ú¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£¤³¤Î´Ö¤Î \(aq/\(aq ¤Ë¤Ï¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£¸å½Ò¤ò»²¾È¡£)
.PP
.B Ê佸¹ç (complementation)
.sp
"\fI[!...]\fP" ¤È¸À¤¦É½µ­¤Ï¡¢¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥È¤ÎÆâÉô¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Ê¤¤Ã±°ì¤Îʸ»ú¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë
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\(aq]\(aq, \(aqa\(aq, \(aq\-\(aq °Ê³°¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Îʸ»ú¤Î¡¢¤É¤ì¤«°ì¤Ä¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£)

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¤³¤ì¤é¤Îʸ»ú¤Ï¤½¤Îʸ»ú¼«¿È¤À¤±¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£
¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á "\fI[[?*\e]\fP" ¤Ï \(aq[\(aq, \(aq?\(aq, \(aq*\(aq, \(aq\e\(aq
¤Î¤É¤ì¤«°ìʸ»ú¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¡£
.SS "¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾ (pathname)"
glob Æ°ºî¤Ï¡¢¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤ÎÉôʬ¤ËÆÈΩ¤ËŬÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë \(aq/\(aq ¤Ï \(aq?\(aq ¤ä \(aq*\(aq ¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¤Ë¤Ï¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
¤Þ¤¿ "\fI[.\-0]\fP" ¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÎΰè»ØÄê¤Ë¤â¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£
Îΰè»ØÄê¤ÏÍÛ¤Ë \(aq/\(aq ʸ»ú¤ò´Þ¤à¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¡£¤³¤ì¤Ïʸˡ¥¨¥é¡¼¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£

\(aq.\(aq ¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Îʸ»ú¤ÏÍۤ˥ޥåÁ¤µ¤»¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
(¤Ä¤Þ¤ê \fIrm\ *\fP ¤Ï .profile ¤òºï½ü¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£¤Þ¤¿ \fItar\ c\ *\fP
¤Ç¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¥¢¡¼¥«¥¤¥Ö¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£ \fItar\ c\ .\fP ¤ÎÊý¤¬Îɤ¤¡£)
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¡Ö¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤ò¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤¿¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤Î¥ê¥¹¥È¤ËŸ³«¤¹¤ë¡×¤È¸À¤¦¤Î¤Ï¡¢
¥ª¥ê¥¸¥Ê¥ë¤Î UNIX ¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ëÄêµÁ¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£
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Î㤨¤Ð
.br
.nf
    xv \-wait 0 *.gif *.jpg
.fi
¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢*.gif ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Á´¤¯¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â¡¢
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.I bash
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.I allow_null_glob_expansion=true
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.br
.nf
    rm \`find . \-name "*~"\`
.fi
¤Î¤è¤¦¤Êµ­½Ò¤Ï¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ç¤Ï
.br
.nf
    rm \-f nosuchfile \`find . \-name "*~"\`
.fi
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.SH Ãí°Õ
.SS Àµµ¬É½¸½
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Î㤨¤ÐÀµµ¬É½¸½¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë \(aq*\(aq ¤Ï¡¢
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Àµµ¬É½¸½¤Ë¤â¥Ö¥é¥±¥Ã¥Èɽ¸½¤Ï¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢ÈÝÄê¤Ï \(aq^\(aq ¤Ç¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
POSIX ¤Ç¤Ï¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë "\fI[^...]\fP" ¤ò̤ÄêµÁ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
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"\fI[a\-z]\fP" ¤Ï¡Ö¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¾®Ê¸»ú¡×¤Î°ÕÌ£¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£
UNIX ¤Î¼ÂÁõ¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤ò³ÈÄ¥¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬Â¸ºß¤·¡¢
¤½¤³¤Ç¤Ï X\-Y ¤È¤¤¤¦Îΰè»ØÄê¤Ï¡¢X ¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤È
Y ¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤Ë¶´¤Þ¤ì¤¿¥³¡¼¥É¤ò»ý¤Äʸ»ú¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤òɽ¤¹¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£
¤·¤«¤·¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ï¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë
ʸ»ú¥³¡¼¥É¤òÃΤé¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤º¡¢
¤µ¤é¤Ë¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Ê¥¢¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥Ù¥Ã¥È¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¾È¹ç½ç½ø
(collating sequence) ¤¬Ê¸»ú¥³¡¼¥É¤Î½ç½ø¤È°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤ÏÉÔÊؤǤ¢¤Ã¤¿¡£
(ÌõÃí: collating sequence ¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï
.BR regex (7)
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¤·¤¿¤¬¤Ã¤Æ POSIX ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥ï¥¤¥ë¥É¥«¡¼¥É¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤ÈÀµµ¬É½¸½¤ÎÁÐÊý¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢
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POSIX ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢Îΰè»ØÄê¤ò¤è¤ê¹ñºÝ²½¤ËÊØÍø¤Ê¤è¤¦¤ËÄêµÁ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
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(iii) Îΰè»ØÄê X\-Y ¤Ï X ¤È Y ¤Ë¶´¤Þ¤ì¤¿ (ξü´Þ¤à) ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Îʸ»ú¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¡£
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.B LC_COLLATE
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(iv) ̾Á°ÉÕ¤­Ê¸»ú¥¯¥é¥¹: °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.nf

[:alnum:]  [:alpha:]  [:blank:]  [:cntrl:]
[:digit:]  [:graph:]  [:lower:]  [:print:]
[:punct:]  [:space:]  [:upper:]  [:xdigit:]

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.B LC_CTYPE
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(v) ¾È¹ç½ç½ø¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ë: "\fI[.ch.]\fP" ¤ä "\fI[.a-acute.]\fP" ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë "\fI[.\fP"
¤È "\fI.]\fP" ¤Ç¶´¤Þ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ï¡¢¥«¥ì¥ó¥È¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤¿¾È¹ç½ç½ø¤ÎÍ×ÁǤȤʤ롣
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(vi) Åù²Á¥¯¥é¥¹É½¸½ (equivalence class expressions): "\fI[=a=]\fP"
¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë "\fI[=\fP" ¤È "\fI=]\fP" ¤È¤Ç¶´¤Þ¤ì¤¿Ê¸»úÎó¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
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Î㤨¤Ð¡¢"\fI[[=a=]]\fP" ¤Ï
"\fI[a[.a\-acute.][.a\-grave.][.a\-umlaut.][.a\-circumflex.]]\fP"
¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ç¤¢¤ë
(Latin-1 ɽµ­¤Ç¤Ï [a\e`{a}\e'{a}\e"{a}\e^{a}] ¤âƱ¤¸¡£
[ÌõÃí] ÆüËܸì¤Î roff ¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤Ç¤Ï latin1 ¥³¡¼¥É¤¬½Ð¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢
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.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR sh (1),
.BR fnmatch (3),
.BR glob (3),
.BR locale (7),
.BR regex (7)