src/bin/psql/command.c

   1 /*
   2  * psql - the PostgreSQL interactive terminal
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2000-2011, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
   5  *
   6  * src/bin/psql/command.c
   7  */
   8 #include "postgres_fe.h"
   9 #include "command.h"
  10
  11 #ifdef __BORLANDC__                             /* needed for BCC */
  12 #undef mkdir
  13 #endif
  14
  15 #include <ctype.h>
  16 #ifdef HAVE_PWD_H
  17 #include <pwd.h>
  18 #endif
  19 #ifndef WIN32
  20 #include <sys/types.h>                  /* for umask() */
  21 #include <sys/stat.h>                   /* for stat() */
  22 #include <fcntl.h>                              /* open() flags */
  23 #include <unistd.h>                             /* for geteuid(), getpid(), stat() */
  24 #else
  25 #include <win32.h>
  26 #include <io.h>
  27 #include <fcntl.h>
  28 #include <direct.h>
  29 #include <sys/types.h>                  /* for umask() */
  30 #include <sys/stat.h>                   /* for stat() */
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef USE_SSL
  33 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
  34 #endif
  35
  36 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
  37
  38 #include "libpq-fe.h"
  39 #include "pqexpbuffer.h"
  40 #include "dumputils.h"
  41
  42 #include "common.h"
  43 #include "copy.h"
  44 #include "describe.h"
  45 #include "help.h"
  46 #include "input.h"
  47 #include "large_obj.h"
  48 #include "mainloop.h"
  49 #include "print.h"
  50 #include "psqlscan.h"
  51 #include "settings.h"
  52 #include "variables.h"
  53
  54
  55 /* functions for use in this file */
  56 static backslashResult exec_command(const char *cmd,
  57                          PsqlScanState scan_state,
  58                          PQExpBuffer query_buf);
  59 static bool do_edit(const char *filename_arg, PQExpBuffer query_buf,
  60                 int lineno, bool *edited);
  61 static bool do_connect(char *dbname, char *user, char *host, char *port);
  62 static bool do_shell(const char *command);
  63 static bool lookup_function_oid(PGconn *conn, const char *desc, Oid *foid);
  64 static bool get_create_function_cmd(PGconn *conn, Oid oid, PQExpBuffer buf);
  65 static int      strip_lineno_from_funcdesc(char *func);
  66 static void minimal_error_message(PGresult *res);
  67
  68 static void printSSLInfo(void);
  69
  70 #ifdef WIN32
  71 static void checkWin32Codepage(void);
  72 #endif
  73
  74
  75
  76 /*----------
  77  * HandleSlashCmds:
  78  *
  79  * Handles all the different commands that start with '\'.
  80  * Ordinarily called by MainLoop().
  81  *
  82  * scan_state is a lexer working state that is set to continue scanning
  83  * just after the '\'.  The lexer is advanced past the command and all
  84  * arguments on return.
  85  *
  86  * 'query_buf' contains the query-so-far, which may be modified by
  87  * execution of the backslash command (for example, \r clears it).
  88  * query_buf can be NULL if there is no query so far.
  89  *
  90  * Returns a status code indicating what action is desired, see command.h.
  91  *----------
  92  */
  93
  94 backslashResult
  95 HandleSlashCmds(PsqlScanState scan_state,
  96                                 PQExpBuffer query_buf)
  97 {
  98         backslashResult status = PSQL_CMD_SKIP_LINE;
  99         char       *cmd;
 100         char       *arg;
 101
 102         psql_assert(scan_state);
 103
 104         /* Parse off the command name */
 105         cmd = psql_scan_slash_command(scan_state);
 106
 107         /* And try to execute it */
 108         status = exec_command(cmd, scan_state, query_buf);
 109
 110         if (status == PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN)
 111         {
 112                 if (pset.cur_cmd_interactive)
 113                         fprintf(stderr, _("Invalid command \\%s. Try \\? for help.\n"), cmd);
 114                 else
 115                         psql_error("invalid command \\%s\n", cmd);
 116                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 117         }
 118
 119         if (status != PSQL_CMD_ERROR)
 120         {
 121                 /* eat any remaining arguments after a valid command */
 122                 /* note we suppress evaluation of backticks here */
 123                 while ((arg = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 124                                                                                          OT_VERBATIM, NULL, false)))
 125                 {
 126                         psql_error("\\%s: extra argument \"%s\" ignored\n", cmd, arg);
 127                         free(arg);
 128                 }
 129         }
 130         else
 131         {
 132                 /* silently throw away rest of line after an erroneous command */
 133                 while ((arg = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 134                                                                                          OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, false)))
 135                         free(arg);
 136         }
 137
 138         /* if there is a trailing \\, swallow it */
 139         psql_scan_slash_command_end(scan_state);
 140
 141         free(cmd);
 142
 143         /* some commands write to queryFout, so make sure output is sent */
 144         fflush(pset.queryFout);
 145
 146         return status;
 147 }
 148
 149 /*
 150  * Read and interpret an argument to the \connect slash command.
 151  */
 152 static char *
 153 read_connect_arg(PsqlScanState scan_state)
 154 {
 155         char       *result;
 156         char            quote;
 157
 158         /*
 159          * Ideally we should treat the arguments as SQL identifiers.  But for
 160          * backwards compatibility with 7.2 and older pg_dump files, we have to
 161          * take unquoted arguments verbatim (don't downcase them). For now,
 162          * double-quoted arguments may be stripped of double quotes (as if SQL
 163          * identifiers).  By 7.4 or so, pg_dump files can be expected to
 164          * double-quote all mixed-case \connect arguments, and then we can get rid
 165          * of OT_SQLIDHACK.
 166          */
 167         result = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state, OT_SQLIDHACK, &quote, true);
 168
 169         if (!result)
 170                 return NULL;
 171
 172         if (quote)
 173                 return result;
 174
 175         if (*result == '\0' || strcmp(result, "-") == 0)
 176                 return NULL;
 177
 178         return result;
 179 }
 180
 181
 182 /*
 183  * Subroutine to actually try to execute a backslash command.
 184  */
 185 static backslashResult
 186 exec_command(const char *cmd,
 187                          PsqlScanState scan_state,
 188                          PQExpBuffer query_buf)
 189 {
 190         bool            success = true; /* indicate here if the command ran ok or
 191                                                                  * failed */
 192         backslashResult status = PSQL_CMD_SKIP_LINE;
 193
 194         /*
 195          * \a -- toggle field alignment This makes little sense but we keep it
 196          * around.
 197          */
 198         if (strcmp(cmd, "a") == 0)
 199         {
 200                 if (pset.popt.topt.format != PRINT_ALIGNED)
 201                         success = do_pset("format", "aligned", &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 202                 else
 203                         success = do_pset("format", "unaligned", &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 204         }
 205
 206         /* \C -- override table title (formerly change HTML caption) */
 207         else if (strcmp(cmd, "C") == 0)
 208         {
 209                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 210                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 211
 212                 success = do_pset("title", opt, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 213                 free(opt);
 214         }
 215
 216         /*
 217          * \c or \connect -- connect to database using the specified parameters.
 218          *
 219          * \c dbname user host port
 220          *
 221          * If any of these parameters are omitted or specified as '-', the current
 222          * value of the parameter will be used instead. If the parameter has no
 223          * current value, the default value for that parameter will be used. Some
 224          * examples:
 225          *
 226          * \c - - hst           Connect to current database on current port of host
 227          * "hst" as current user. \c - usr - prt   Connect to current database on
 228          * "prt" port of current host as user "usr". \c dbs                       Connect to
 229          * "dbs" database on current port of current host as current user.
 230          */
 231         else if (strcmp(cmd, "c") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "connect") == 0)
 232         {
 233                 char       *opt1,
 234                                    *opt2,
 235                                    *opt3,
 236                                    *opt4;
 237
 238                 opt1 = read_connect_arg(scan_state);
 239                 opt2 = read_connect_arg(scan_state);
 240                 opt3 = read_connect_arg(scan_state);
 241                 opt4 = read_connect_arg(scan_state);
 242
 243                 success = do_connect(opt1, opt2, opt3, opt4);
 244
 245                 free(opt1);
 246                 free(opt2);
 247                 free(opt3);
 248                 free(opt4);
 249         }
 250
 251         /* \cd */
 252         else if (strcmp(cmd, "cd") == 0)
 253         {
 254                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 255                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 256                 char       *dir;
 257
 258                 if (opt)
 259                         dir = opt;
 260                 else
 261                 {
 262 #ifndef WIN32
 263                         struct passwd *pw;
 264
 265                         pw = getpwuid(geteuid());
 266                         if (!pw)
 267                         {
 268                                 psql_error("could not get home directory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 269                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 270                         }
 271                         dir = pw->pw_dir;
 272 #else                                                   /* WIN32 */
 273
 274                         /*
 275                          * On Windows, 'cd' without arguments prints the current
 276                          * directory, so if someone wants to code this here instead...
 277                          */
 278                         dir = "/";
 279 #endif   /* WIN32 */
 280                 }
 281
 282                 if (chdir(dir) == -1)
 283                 {
 284                         psql_error("\\%s: could not change directory to \"%s\": %s\n",
 285                                            cmd, dir, strerror(errno));
 286                         success = false;
 287                 }
 288
 289                 if (pset.dirname)
 290                         free(pset.dirname);
 291                 pset.dirname = pg_strdup(dir);
 292                 canonicalize_path(pset.dirname);
 293
 294                 if (opt)
 295                         free(opt);
 296         }
 297
 298         /* \conninfo -- display information about the current connection */
 299         else if (strcmp(cmd, "conninfo") == 0)
 300         {
 301                 char       *db = PQdb(pset.db);
 302                 char       *host = PQhost(pset.db);
 303
 304                 if (db == NULL)
 305                         printf(_("You are not connected.\n"));
 306                 else
 307                 {
 308                         if (host == NULL)
 309                                 host = DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR;
 310                         /* If the host is an absolute path, the connection is via socket */
 311                         if (is_absolute_path(host))
 312                                 printf(_("You are connected to database \"%s\" as user \"%s\" via socket in \"%s\" at port \"%s\".\n"),
 313                                            db, PQuser(pset.db), host, PQport(pset.db));
 314                         else
 315                                 printf(_("You are connected to database \"%s\" as user \"%s\" on host \"%s\" at port \"%s\".\n"),
 316                                            db, PQuser(pset.db), host, PQport(pset.db));
 317                 }
 318         }
 319
 320         /* \copy */
 321         else if (pg_strcasecmp(cmd, "copy") == 0)
 322         {
 323                 /* Default fetch-it-all-and-print mode */
 324                 instr_time      before,
 325                                         after;
 326
 327                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 328                                                                                                  OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, false);
 329
 330                 if (pset.timing)
 331                         INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(before);
 332
 333                 success = do_copy(opt);
 334
 335                 if (pset.timing && success)
 336                 {
 337                         INSTR_TIME_SET_CURRENT(after);
 338                         INSTR_TIME_SUBTRACT(after, before);
 339                         printf(_("Time: %.3f ms\n"), INSTR_TIME_GET_MILLISEC(after));
 340                 }
 341
 342                 free(opt);
 343         }
 344
 345         /* \copyright */
 346         else if (strcmp(cmd, "copyright") == 0)
 347                 print_copyright();
 348
 349         /* \d* commands */
 350         else if (cmd[0] == 'd')
 351         {
 352                 char       *pattern;
 353                 bool            show_verbose,
 354                                         show_system;
 355
 356                 /* We don't do SQLID reduction on the pattern yet */
 357                 pattern = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 358                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 359
 360                 show_verbose = strchr(cmd, '+') ? true : false;
 361                 show_system = strchr(cmd, 'S') ? true : false;
 362
 363                 switch (cmd[1])
 364                 {
 365                         case '\0':
 366                         case '+':
 367                         case 'S':
 368                                 if (pattern)
 369                                         success = describeTableDetails(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 370                                 else
 371                                         /* standard listing of interesting things */
 372                                         success = listTables("tvsE", NULL, show_verbose, show_system);
 373                                 break;
 374                         case 'a':
 375                                 success = describeAggregates(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 376                                 break;
 377                         case 'b':
 378                                 success = describeTablespaces(pattern, show_verbose);
 379                                 break;
 380                         case 'c':
 381                                 success = listConversions(pattern, show_system);
 382                                 break;
 383                         case 'C':
 384                                 success = listCasts(pattern);
 385                                 break;
 386                         case 'd':
 387                                 if (strncmp(cmd, "ddp", 3) == 0)
 388                                         success = listDefaultACLs(pattern);
 389                                 else
 390                                         success = objectDescription(pattern, show_system);
 391                                 break;
 392                         case 'D':
 393                                 success = listDomains(pattern, show_system);
 394                                 break;
 395                         case 'f':                       /* function subsystem */
 396                                 switch (cmd[2])
 397                                 {
 398                                         case '\0':
 399                                         case '+':
 400                                         case 'S':
 401                                         case 'a':
 402                                         case 'n':
 403                                         case 't':
 404                                         case 'w':
 405                                                 success = describeFunctions(&cmd[2], pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 406                                                 break;
 407                                         default:
 408                                                 status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 409                                                 break;
 410                                 }
 411                                 break;
 412                         case 'g':
 413                                 /* no longer distinct from \du */
 414                                 success = describeRoles(pattern, show_verbose);
 415                                 break;
 416                         case 'l':
 417                                 success = do_lo_list();
 418                                 break;
 419                         case 'L':
 420                                 success = listLanguages(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 421                                 break;
 422                         case 'n':
 423                                 success = listSchemas(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 424                                 break;
 425                         case 'o':
 426                                 success = describeOperators(pattern, show_system);
 427                                 break;
 428                         case 'O':
 429                                 success = listCollations(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 430                                 break;
 431                         case 'p':
 432                                 success = permissionsList(pattern);
 433                                 break;
 434                         case 'T':
 435                                 success = describeTypes(pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 436                                 break;
 437                         case 't':
 438                         case 'v':
 439                         case 'i':
 440                         case 's':
 441                         case 'E':
 442                                 success = listTables(&cmd[1], pattern, show_verbose, show_system);
 443                                 break;
 444                         case 'r':
 445                                 if (cmd[2] == 'd' && cmd[3] == 's')
 446                                 {
 447                                         char       *pattern2 = NULL;
 448
 449                                         if (pattern)
 450                                                 pattern2 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 451                                                                                                           OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 452                                         success = listDbRoleSettings(pattern, pattern2);
 453                                 }
 454                                 else
 455                                         success = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 456                                 break;
 457                         case 'u':
 458                                 success = describeRoles(pattern, show_verbose);
 459                                 break;
 460                         case 'F':                       /* text search subsystem */
 461                                 switch (cmd[2])
 462                                 {
 463                                         case '\0':
 464                                         case '+':
 465                                                 success = listTSConfigs(pattern, show_verbose);
 466                                                 break;
 467                                         case 'p':
 468                                                 success = listTSParsers(pattern, show_verbose);
 469                                                 break;
 470                                         case 'd':
 471                                                 success = listTSDictionaries(pattern, show_verbose);
 472                                                 break;
 473                                         case 't':
 474                                                 success = listTSTemplates(pattern, show_verbose);
 475                                                 break;
 476                                         default:
 477                                                 status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 478                                                 break;
 479                                 }
 480                                 break;
 481                         case 'e':                       /* SQL/MED subsystem */
 482                                 switch (cmd[2])
 483                                 {
 484                                         case 's':
 485                                                 success = listForeignServers(pattern, show_verbose);
 486                                                 break;
 487                                         case 'u':
 488                                                 success = listUserMappings(pattern, show_verbose);
 489                                                 break;
 490                                         case 'w':
 491                                                 success = listForeignDataWrappers(pattern, show_verbose);
 492                                                 break;
 493                                         case 't':
 494                                                 success = listForeignTables(pattern, show_verbose);
 495                                                 break;
 496                                         default:
 497                                                 status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 498                                                 break;
 499                                 }
 500                                 break;
 501                         case 'x':          /* Extensions */
 502                                 if (show_verbose)
 503                                         success = listExtensionContents(pattern);
 504                                 else
 505                                         success = listExtensions(pattern);
 506                                 break;
 507                         default:
 508                                 status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 509                 }
 510
 511                 if (pattern)
 512                         free(pattern);
 513         }
 514
 515
 516         /*
 517          * \e or \edit -- edit the current query buffer, or edit a file and make
 518          * it the query buffer
 519          */
 520         else if (strcmp(cmd, "e") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "edit") == 0)
 521         {
 522                 if (!query_buf)
 523                 {
 524                         psql_error("no query buffer\n");
 525                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 526                 }
 527                 else
 528                 {
 529                         char       *fname;
 530                         char       *ln = NULL;
 531                         int                     lineno = -1;
 532
 533                         fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 534                                                                                    OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 535                         if (fname)
 536                         {
 537                                 /* try to get separate lineno arg */
 538                                 ln = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 539                                                                                         OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 540                                 if (ln == NULL)
 541                                 {
 542                                         /* only one arg; maybe it is lineno not fname */
 543                                         if (fname[0] &&
 544                                                 strspn(fname, "0123456789") == strlen(fname))
 545                                         {
 546                                                 /* all digits, so assume it is lineno */
 547                                                 ln = fname;
 548                                                 fname = NULL;
 549                                         }
 550                                 }
 551                         }
 552                         if (ln)
 553                         {
 554                                 lineno = atoi(ln);
 555                                 if (lineno < 1)
 556                                 {
 557                                         psql_error("invalid line number: %s\n", ln);
 558                                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 559                                 }
 560                         }
 561                         if (status != PSQL_CMD_ERROR)
 562                         {
 563                                 expand_tilde(&fname);
 564                                 if (fname)
 565                                         canonicalize_path(fname);
 566                                 if (do_edit(fname, query_buf, lineno, NULL))
 567                                         status = PSQL_CMD_NEWEDIT;
 568                                 else
 569                                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 570                         }
 571                         if (fname)
 572                                 free(fname);
 573                         if (ln)
 574                                 free(ln);
 575                 }
 576         }
 577
 578         /*
 579          * \ef -- edit the named function, or present a blank CREATE FUNCTION
 580          * template if no argument is given
 581          */
 582         else if (strcmp(cmd, "ef") == 0)
 583         {
 584                 int                     lineno = -1;
 585
 586                 if (!query_buf)
 587                 {
 588                         psql_error("no query buffer\n");
 589                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 590                 }
 591                 else
 592                 {
 593                         char       *func;
 594                         Oid                     foid = InvalidOid;
 595
 596                         func = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 597                                                                                   OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, true);
 598                         lineno = strip_lineno_from_funcdesc(func);
 599                         if (lineno == 0)
 600                         {
 601                                 /* error already reported */
 602                                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 603                         }
 604                         else if (!func)
 605                         {
 606                                 /* set up an empty command to fill in */
 607                                 printfPQExpBuffer(query_buf,
 608                                                                   "CREATE FUNCTION ( )\n"
 609                                                                   " RETURNS \n"
 610                                                                   " LANGUAGE \n"
 611                                                                   " -- common options:  IMMUTABLE  STABLE  STRICT  SECURITY DEFINER\n"
 612                                                                   "AS $function$\n"
 613                                                                   "\n$function$\n");
 614                         }
 615                         else if (!lookup_function_oid(pset.db, func, &foid))
 616                         {
 617                                 /* error already reported */
 618                                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 619                         }
 620                         else if (!get_create_function_cmd(pset.db, foid, query_buf))
 621                         {
 622                                 /* error already reported */
 623                                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 624                         }
 625                         else if (lineno > 0)
 626                         {
 627                                 /*
 628                                  * lineno "1" should correspond to the first line of the
 629                                  * function body.  We expect that pg_get_functiondef() will
 630                                  * emit that on a line beginning with "AS ", and that there
 631                                  * can be no such line before the real start of the function
 632                                  * body.  Increment lineno by the number of lines before that
 633                                  * line, so that it becomes relative to the first line of the
 634                                  * function definition.
 635                                  */
 636                                 const char *lines = query_buf->data;
 637
 638                                 while (*lines != '\0')
 639                                 {
 640                                         if (strncmp(lines, "AS ", 3) == 0)
 641                                                 break;
 642                                         lineno++;
 643                                         /* find start of next line */
 644                                         lines = strchr(lines, '\n');
 645                                         if (!lines)
 646                                                 break;
 647                                         lines++;
 648                                 }
 649                         }
 650
 651                         if (func)
 652                                 free(func);
 653                 }
 654
 655                 if (status != PSQL_CMD_ERROR)
 656                 {
 657                         bool            edited = false;
 658
 659                         if (!do_edit(NULL, query_buf, lineno, &edited))
 660                                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
 661                         else if (!edited)
 662                                 puts(_("No changes"));
 663                         else
 664                                 status = PSQL_CMD_NEWEDIT;
 665                 }
 666         }
 667
 668         /* \echo and \qecho */
 669         else if (strcmp(cmd, "echo") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "qecho") == 0)
 670         {
 671                 char       *value;
 672                 char            quoted;
 673                 bool            no_newline = false;
 674                 bool            first = true;
 675                 FILE       *fout;
 676
 677                 if (strcmp(cmd, "qecho") == 0)
 678                         fout = pset.queryFout;
 679                 else
 680                         fout = stdout;
 681
 682                 while ((value = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 683                                                                                            OT_NORMAL, &quoted, false)))
 684                 {
 685                         if (!quoted && strcmp(value, "-n") == 0)
 686                                 no_newline = true;
 687                         else
 688                         {
 689                                 if (first)
 690                                         first = false;
 691                                 else
 692                                         fputc(' ', fout);
 693                                 fputs(value, fout);
 694                         }
 695                         free(value);
 696                 }
 697                 if (!no_newline)
 698                         fputs("\n", fout);
 699         }
 700
 701         /* \encoding -- set/show client side encoding */
 702         else if (strcmp(cmd, "encoding") == 0)
 703         {
 704                 char       *encoding = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 705                                                                                                           OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
 706
 707                 if (!encoding)
 708                 {
 709                         /* show encoding */
 710                         puts(pg_encoding_to_char(pset.encoding));
 711                 }
 712                 else
 713                 {
 714                         /* set encoding */
 715                         if (PQsetClientEncoding(pset.db, encoding) == -1)
 716                                 psql_error("%s: invalid encoding name or conversion procedure not found\n", encoding);
 717                         else
 718                         {
 719                                 /* save encoding info into psql internal data */
 720                                 pset.encoding = PQclientEncoding(pset.db);
 721                                 pset.popt.topt.encoding = pset.encoding;
 722                                 SetVariable(pset.vars, "ENCODING",
 723                                                         pg_encoding_to_char(pset.encoding));
 724                         }
 725                         free(encoding);
 726                 }
 727         }
 728
 729         /* \f -- change field separator */
 730         else if (strcmp(cmd, "f") == 0)
 731         {
 732                 char       *fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 733                                                                                                    OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
 734
 735                 success = do_pset("fieldsep", fname, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 736                 free(fname);
 737         }
 738
 739         /* \g means send query */
 740         else if (strcmp(cmd, "g") == 0)
 741         {
 742                 char       *fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 743                                                                                                    OT_FILEPIPE, NULL, false);
 744
 745                 if (!fname)
 746                         pset.gfname = NULL;
 747                 else
 748                 {
 749                         expand_tilde(&fname);
 750                         pset.gfname = pg_strdup(fname);
 751                 }
 752                 free(fname);
 753                 status = PSQL_CMD_SEND;
 754         }
 755
 756         /* help */
 757         else if (strcmp(cmd, "h") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "help") == 0)
 758         {
 759                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 760                                                                                                  OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, false);
 761                 size_t          len;
 762
 763                 /* strip any trailing spaces and semicolons */
 764                 if (opt)
 765                 {
 766                         len = strlen(opt);
 767                         while (len > 0 &&
 768                                    (isspace((unsigned char) opt[len - 1])
 769                                         || opt[len - 1] == ';'))
 770                                 opt[--len] = '\0';
 771                 }
 772
 773                 helpSQL(opt, pset.popt.topt.pager);
 774                 free(opt);
 775         }
 776
 777         /* HTML mode */
 778         else if (strcmp(cmd, "H") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "html") == 0)
 779         {
 780                 if (pset.popt.topt.format != PRINT_HTML)
 781                         success = do_pset("format", "html", &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 782                 else
 783                         success = do_pset("format", "aligned", &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
 784         }
 785
 786
 787         /* \i is include file */
 788         else if (strcmp(cmd, "i") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "include") == 0)
 789         {
 790                 char       *fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 791                                                                                                    OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 792
 793                 if (!fname)
 794                 {
 795                         psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
 796                         success = false;
 797                 }
 798                 else
 799                 {
 800                         expand_tilde(&fname);
 801                         success = (process_file(fname, false) == EXIT_SUCCESS);
 802                         free(fname);
 803                 }
 804         }
 805
 806         /* \l is list databases */
 807         else if (strcmp(cmd, "l") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "list") == 0)
 808                 success = listAllDbs(false);
 809         else if (strcmp(cmd, "l+") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "list+") == 0)
 810                 success = listAllDbs(true);
 811
 812         /*
 813          * large object things
 814          */
 815         else if (strncmp(cmd, "lo_", 3) == 0)
 816         {
 817                 char       *opt1,
 818                                    *opt2;
 819
 820                 opt1 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 821                                                                           OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 822                 opt2 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 823                                                                           OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
 824
 825                 if (strcmp(cmd + 3, "export") == 0)
 826                 {
 827                         if (!opt2)
 828                         {
 829                                 psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
 830                                 success = false;
 831                         }
 832                         else
 833                         {
 834                                 expand_tilde(&opt2);
 835                                 success = do_lo_export(opt1, opt2);
 836                         }
 837                 }
 838
 839                 else if (strcmp(cmd + 3, "import") == 0)
 840                 {
 841                         if (!opt1)
 842                         {
 843                                 psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
 844                                 success = false;
 845                         }
 846                         else
 847                         {
 848                                 expand_tilde(&opt1);
 849                                 success = do_lo_import(opt1, opt2);
 850                         }
 851                 }
 852
 853                 else if (strcmp(cmd + 3, "list") == 0)
 854                         success = do_lo_list();
 855
 856                 else if (strcmp(cmd + 3, "unlink") == 0)
 857                 {
 858                         if (!opt1)
 859                         {
 860                                 psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
 861                                 success = false;
 862                         }
 863                         else
 864                                 success = do_lo_unlink(opt1);
 865                 }
 866
 867                 else
 868                         status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
 869
 870                 free(opt1);
 871                 free(opt2);
 872         }
 873
 874
 875         /* \o -- set query output */
 876         else if (strcmp(cmd, "o") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "out") == 0)
 877         {
 878                 char       *fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
 879                                                                                                    OT_FILEPIPE, NULL, true);
 880
 881                 expand_tilde(&fname);
 882                 success = setQFout(fname);
 883                 free(fname);
 884         }
 885
 886         /* \p prints the current query buffer */
 887         else if (strcmp(cmd, "p") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "print") == 0)
 888         {
 889                 if (query_buf && query_buf->len > 0)
 890                         puts(query_buf->data);
 891                 else if (!pset.quiet)
 892                         puts(_("Query buffer is empty."));
 893                 fflush(stdout);
 894         }
 895
 896         /* \password -- set user password */
 897         else if (strcmp(cmd, "password") == 0)
 898         {
 899                 char       *pw1;
 900                 char       *pw2;
 901
 902                 pw1 = simple_prompt("Enter new password: ", 100, false);
 903                 pw2 = simple_prompt("Enter it again: ", 100, false);
 904
 905                 if (strcmp(pw1, pw2) != 0)
 906                 {
 907                         fprintf(stderr, _("Passwords didn't match.\n"));
 908                         success = false;
 909                 }
 910                 else
 911                 {
 912                         char       *opt0 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state, OT_SQLID, NULL, true);
 913                         char       *user;
 914                         char       *encrypted_password;
 915
 916                         if (opt0)
 917                                 user = opt0;
 918                         else
 919                                 user = PQuser(pset.db);
 920
 921                         encrypted_password = PQencryptPassword(pw1, user);
 922
 923                         if (!encrypted_password)
 924                         {
 925                                 fprintf(stderr, _("Password encryption failed.\n"));
 926                                 success = false;
 927                         }
 928                         else
 929                         {
 930                                 PQExpBufferData buf;
 931                                 PGresult   *res;
 932
 933                                 initPQExpBuffer(&buf);
 934                                 printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "ALTER USER %s PASSWORD ",
 935                                                                   fmtId(user));
 936                                 appendStringLiteralConn(&buf, encrypted_password, pset.db);
 937                                 res = PSQLexec(buf.data, false);
 938                                 termPQExpBuffer(&buf);
 939                                 if (!res)
 940                                         success = false;
 941                                 else
 942                                         PQclear(res);
 943                                 PQfreemem(encrypted_password);
 944                         }
 945                 }
 946
 947                 free(pw1);
 948                 free(pw2);
 949         }
 950
 951         /* \prompt -- prompt and set variable */
 952         else if (strcmp(cmd, "prompt") == 0)
 953         {
 954                 char       *opt,
 955                                    *prompt_text = NULL;
 956                 char       *arg1,
 957                                    *arg2;
 958
 959                 arg1 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state, OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
 960                 arg2 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state, OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
 961
 962                 if (!arg1)
 963                 {
 964                         psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
 965                         success = false;
 966                 }
 967                 else
 968                 {
 969                         char       *result;
 970
 971                         if (arg2)
 972                         {
 973                                 prompt_text = arg1;
 974                                 opt = arg2;
 975                         }
 976                         else
 977                                 opt = arg1;
 978
 979                         if (!pset.inputfile)
 980                                 result = simple_prompt(prompt_text, 4096, true);
 981                         else
 982                         {
 983                                 if (prompt_text)
 984                                 {
 985                                         fputs(prompt_text, stdout);
 986                                         fflush(stdout);
 987                                 }
 988                                 result = gets_fromFile(stdin);
 989                         }
 990
 991                         if (!SetVariable(pset.vars, opt, result))
 992                         {
 993                                 psql_error("\\%s: error\n", cmd);
 994                                 success = false;
 995                         }
 996
 997                         free(result);
 998                         if (prompt_text)
 999                                 free(prompt_text);
1000                         free(opt);
1001                 }
1002         }
1003
1004         /* \pset -- set printing parameters */
1005         else if (strcmp(cmd, "pset") == 0)
1006         {
1007                 char       *opt0 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1008                                                                                                   OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1009                 char       *opt1 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1010                                                                                                   OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1011
1012                 if (!opt0)
1013                 {
1014                         psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
1015                         success = false;
1016                 }
1017                 else
1018                         success = do_pset(opt0, opt1, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
1019
1020                 free(opt0);
1021                 free(opt1);
1022         }
1023
1024         /* \q or \quit */
1025         else if (strcmp(cmd, "q") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "quit") == 0)
1026                 status = PSQL_CMD_TERMINATE;
1027
1028         /* reset(clear) the buffer */
1029         else if (strcmp(cmd, "r") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "reset") == 0)
1030         {
1031                 resetPQExpBuffer(query_buf);
1032                 psql_scan_reset(scan_state);
1033                 if (!pset.quiet)
1034                         puts(_("Query buffer reset (cleared)."));
1035         }
1036
1037         /* \s save history in a file or show it on the screen */
1038         else if (strcmp(cmd, "s") == 0)
1039         {
1040                 char       *fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1041                                                                                                    OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
1042
1043                 expand_tilde(&fname);
1044                 /* This scrolls off the screen when using /dev/tty */
1045                 success = saveHistory(fname ? fname : DEVTTY, -1, false, false);
1046                 if (success && !pset.quiet && fname)
1047                         printf(gettext("Wrote history to file \"%s/%s\".\n"),
1048                                    pset.dirname ? pset.dirname : ".", fname);
1049                 if (!fname)
1050                         putchar('\n');
1051                 free(fname);
1052         }
1053
1054         /* \set -- generalized set variable/option command */
1055         else if (strcmp(cmd, "set") == 0)
1056         {
1057                 char       *opt0 = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1058                                                                                                   OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1059
1060                 if (!opt0)
1061                 {
1062                         /* list all variables */
1063                         PrintVariables(pset.vars);
1064                         success = true;
1065                 }
1066                 else
1067                 {
1068                         /*
1069                          * Set variable to the concatenation of the arguments.
1070                          */
1071                         char       *newval;
1072                         char       *opt;
1073
1074                         opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1075                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1076                         newval = pg_strdup(opt ? opt : "");
1077                         free(opt);
1078
1079                         while ((opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1080                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, false)))
1081                         {
1082                                 newval = realloc(newval, strlen(newval) + strlen(opt) + 1);
1083                                 if (!newval)
1084                                 {
1085                                         psql_error("out of memory\n");
1086                                         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
1087                                 }
1088                                 strcat(newval, opt);
1089                                 free(opt);
1090                         }
1091
1092                         if (!SetVariable(pset.vars, opt0, newval))
1093                         {
1094                                 psql_error("\\%s: error\n", cmd);
1095                                 success = false;
1096                         }
1097                         free(newval);
1098                 }
1099                 free(opt0);
1100         }
1101
1102         /* \sf -- show a function's source code */
1103         else if (strcmp(cmd, "sf") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "sf+") == 0)
1104         {
1105                 bool            show_linenumbers = (strcmp(cmd, "sf+") == 0);
1106                 PQExpBuffer     func_buf;
1107                 char       *func;
1108                 Oid                     foid = InvalidOid;
1109
1110                 func_buf = createPQExpBuffer();
1111                 func = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1112                                                                           OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, true);
1113                 if (!func)
1114                 {
1115                         psql_error("function name is required\n");
1116                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
1117                 }
1118                 else if (!lookup_function_oid(pset.db, func, &foid))
1119                 {
1120                         /* error already reported */
1121                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
1122                 }
1123                 else if (!get_create_function_cmd(pset.db, foid, func_buf))
1124                 {
1125                         /* error already reported */
1126                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
1127                 }
1128                 else
1129                 {
1130                         FILE   *output;
1131                         bool    is_pager;
1132
1133                         /* Select output stream: stdout, pager, or file */
1134                         if (pset.queryFout == stdout)
1135                         {
1136                                 /* count lines in function to see if pager is needed */
1137                                 int                     lineno = 0;
1138                                 const char *lines = func_buf->data;
1139
1140                                 while (*lines != '\0')
1141                                 {
1142                                         lineno++;
1143                                         /* find start of next line */
1144                                         lines = strchr(lines, '\n');
1145                                         if (!lines)
1146                                                 break;
1147                                         lines++;
1148                                 }
1149
1150                                 output = PageOutput(lineno, pset.popt.topt.pager);
1151                                 is_pager = true;
1152                         }
1153                         else
1154                         {
1155                                 /* use previously set output file, without pager */
1156                                 output = pset.queryFout;
1157                                 is_pager = false;
1158                         }
1159
1160                         if (show_linenumbers)
1161                         {
1162                                 bool            in_header = true;
1163                                 int                     lineno = 0;
1164                                 char       *lines = func_buf->data;
1165
1166                                 /*
1167                                  * lineno "1" should correspond to the first line of the
1168                                  * function body.  We expect that pg_get_functiondef() will
1169                                  * emit that on a line beginning with "AS ", and that there
1170                                  * can be no such line before the real start of the function
1171                                  * body.
1172                                  *
1173                                  * Note that this loop scribbles on func_buf.
1174                                  */
1175                                 while (*lines != '\0')
1176                                 {
1177                                         char   *eol;
1178
1179                                         if (in_header && strncmp(lines, "AS ", 3) == 0)
1180                                                 in_header = false;
1181                                         /* increment lineno only for body's lines */
1182                                         if (!in_header)
1183                                                 lineno++;
1184
1185                                         /* find and mark end of current line */
1186                                         eol = strchr(lines, '\n');
1187                                         if (eol != NULL)
1188                                                 *eol = '\0';
1189
1190                                         /* show current line as appropriate */
1191                                         if (in_header)
1192                                                 fprintf(output, "        %s\n", lines);
1193                                         else
1194                                                 fprintf(output, "%-7d %s\n", lineno, lines);
1195
1196                                         /* advance to next line, if any */
1197                                         if (eol == NULL)
1198                                                 break;
1199                                         lines = ++eol;
1200                                 }
1201                         }
1202                         else
1203                         {
1204                                 /* just send the function definition to output */
1205                                 fputs(func_buf->data, output);
1206                         }
1207
1208                         if (is_pager)
1209                                 ClosePager(output);
1210                 }
1211
1212                 if (func)
1213                         free(func);
1214                 destroyPQExpBuffer(func_buf);
1215         }
1216
1217         /* \t -- turn off headers and row count */
1218         else if (strcmp(cmd, "t") == 0)
1219         {
1220                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1221                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
1222
1223                 success = do_pset("tuples_only", opt, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
1224                 free(opt);
1225         }
1226
1227         /* \T -- define html <table ...> attributes */
1228         else if (strcmp(cmd, "T") == 0)
1229         {
1230                 char       *value = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1231                                                                                                    OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1232
1233                 success = do_pset("tableattr", value, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
1234                 free(value);
1235         }
1236
1237         /* \timing -- toggle timing of queries */
1238         else if (strcmp(cmd, "timing") == 0)
1239         {
1240                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1241                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1242
1243                 if (opt)
1244                         pset.timing = ParseVariableBool(opt);
1245                 else
1246                         pset.timing = !pset.timing;
1247                 if (!pset.quiet)
1248                 {
1249                         if (pset.timing)
1250                                 puts(_("Timing is on."));
1251                         else
1252                                 puts(_("Timing is off."));
1253                 }
1254                 free(opt);
1255         }
1256
1257         /* \unset */
1258         else if (strcmp(cmd, "unset") == 0)
1259         {
1260                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1261                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, false);
1262
1263                 if (!opt)
1264                 {
1265                         psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
1266                         success = false;
1267                 }
1268                 else if (!SetVariable(pset.vars, opt, NULL))
1269                 {
1270                         psql_error("\\%s: error\n", cmd);
1271                         success = false;
1272                 }
1273                 free(opt);
1274         }
1275
1276         /* \w -- write query buffer to file */
1277         else if (strcmp(cmd, "w") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "write") == 0)
1278         {
1279                 FILE       *fd = NULL;
1280                 bool            is_pipe = false;
1281                 char       *fname = NULL;
1282
1283                 if (!query_buf)
1284                 {
1285                         psql_error("no query buffer\n");
1286                         status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
1287                 }
1288                 else
1289                 {
1290                         fname = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1291                                                                                    OT_FILEPIPE, NULL, true);
1292                         expand_tilde(&fname);
1293
1294                         if (!fname)
1295                         {
1296                                 psql_error("\\%s: missing required argument\n", cmd);
1297                                 success = false;
1298                         }
1299                         else
1300                         {
1301                                 if (fname[0] == '|')
1302                                 {
1303                                         is_pipe = true;
1304                                         fd = popen(&fname[1], "w");
1305                                 }
1306                                 else
1307                                 {
1308                                         canonicalize_path(fname);
1309                                         fd = fopen(fname, "w");
1310                                 }
1311                                 if (!fd)
1312                                 {
1313                                         psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1314                                         success = false;
1315                                 }
1316                         }
1317                 }
1318
1319                 if (fd)
1320                 {
1321                         int                     result;
1322
1323                         if (query_buf && query_buf->len > 0)
1324                                 fprintf(fd, "%s\n", query_buf->data);
1325
1326                         if (is_pipe)
1327                                 result = pclose(fd);
1328                         else
1329                                 result = fclose(fd);
1330
1331                         if (result == EOF)
1332                         {
1333                                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1334                                 success = false;
1335                         }
1336                 }
1337
1338                 free(fname);
1339         }
1340
1341         /* \x -- toggle expanded table representation */
1342         else if (strcmp(cmd, "x") == 0)
1343         {
1344                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1345                                                                                                  OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
1346
1347                 success = do_pset("expanded", opt, &pset.popt, pset.quiet);
1348                 free(opt);
1349         }
1350
1351         /* \z -- list table rights (equivalent to \dp) */
1352         else if (strcmp(cmd, "z") == 0)
1353         {
1354                 char       *pattern = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1355                                                                                                          OT_NORMAL, NULL, true);
1356
1357                 success = permissionsList(pattern);
1358                 if (pattern)
1359                         free(pattern);
1360         }
1361
1362         /* \! -- shell escape */
1363         else if (strcmp(cmd, "!") == 0)
1364         {
1365                 char       *opt = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1366                                                                                                  OT_WHOLE_LINE, NULL, false);
1367
1368                 success = do_shell(opt);
1369                 free(opt);
1370         }
1371
1372         /* \? -- slash command help */
1373         else if (strcmp(cmd, "?") == 0)
1374                 slashUsage(pset.popt.topt.pager);
1375
1376 #if 0
1377
1378         /*
1379          * These commands don't do anything. I just use them to test the parser.
1380          */
1381         else if (strcmp(cmd, "void") == 0 || strcmp(cmd, "#") == 0)
1382         {
1383                 int                     i = 0;
1384                 char       *value;
1385
1386                 while ((value = psql_scan_slash_option(scan_state,
1387                                                                                            OT_NORMAL, NULL, true)))
1388                 {
1389                         fprintf(stderr, "+ opt(%d) = |%s|\n", i++, value);
1390                         free(value);
1391                 }
1392         }
1393 #endif
1394
1395         else
1396                 status = PSQL_CMD_UNKNOWN;
1397
1398         if (!success)
1399                 status = PSQL_CMD_ERROR;
1400
1401         return status;
1402 }
1403
1404 /*
1405  * Ask the user for a password; 'username' is the username the
1406  * password is for, if one has been explicitly specified. Returns a
1407  * malloc'd string.
1408  */
1409 static char *
1410 prompt_for_password(const char *username)
1411 {
1412         char       *result;
1413
1414         if (username == NULL)
1415                 result = simple_prompt("Password: ", 100, false);
1416         else
1417         {
1418                 char       *prompt_text;
1419
1420                 prompt_text = malloc(strlen(username) + 100);
1421                 snprintf(prompt_text, strlen(username) + 100,
1422                                  _("Password for user %s: "), username);
1423                 result = simple_prompt(prompt_text, 100, false);
1424                 free(prompt_text);
1425         }
1426
1427         return result;
1428 }
1429
1430 static bool
1431 param_is_newly_set(const char *old_val, const char *new_val)
1432 {
1433         if (new_val == NULL)
1434                 return false;
1435
1436         if (old_val == NULL || strcmp(old_val, new_val) != 0)
1437                 return true;
1438
1439         return false;
1440 }
1441
1442 /*
1443  * do_connect -- handler for \connect
1444  *
1445  * Connects to a database with given parameters. If there exists an
1446  * established connection, NULL values will be replaced with the ones
1447  * in the current connection. Otherwise NULL will be passed for that
1448  * parameter to PQconnectdbParams(), so the libpq defaults will be used.
1449  *
1450  * In interactive mode, if connection fails with the given parameters,
1451  * the old connection will be kept.
1452  */
1453 static bool
1454 do_connect(char *dbname, char *user, char *host, char *port)
1455 {
1456         PGconn     *o_conn = pset.db,
1457                            *n_conn;
1458         char       *password = NULL;
1459
1460         if (!dbname)
1461                 dbname = PQdb(o_conn);
1462         if (!user)
1463                 user = PQuser(o_conn);
1464         if (!host)
1465                 host = PQhost(o_conn);
1466         if (!port)
1467                 port = PQport(o_conn);
1468
1469         /*
1470          * If the user asked to be prompted for a password, ask for one now. If
1471          * not, use the password from the old connection, provided the username
1472          * has not changed. Otherwise, try to connect without a password first,
1473          * and then ask for a password if needed.
1474          *
1475          * XXX: this behavior leads to spurious connection attempts recorded in
1476          * the postmaster's log.  But libpq offers no API that would let us obtain
1477          * a password and then continue with the first connection attempt.
1478          */
1479         if (pset.getPassword == TRI_YES)
1480         {
1481                 password = prompt_for_password(user);
1482         }
1483         else if (o_conn && user && strcmp(PQuser(o_conn), user) == 0)
1484         {
1485                 password = strdup(PQpass(o_conn));
1486         }
1487
1488         while (true)
1489         {
1490 #define PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE       7
1491                 const char **keywords = pg_malloc(PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE * sizeof(*keywords));
1492                 const char **values = pg_malloc(PARAMS_ARRAY_SIZE * sizeof(*values));
1493
1494                 keywords[0] = "host";
1495                 values[0] = host;
1496                 keywords[1] = "port";
1497                 values[1] = port;
1498                 keywords[2] = "user";
1499                 values[2] = user;
1500                 keywords[3] = "password";
1501                 values[3] = password;
1502                 keywords[4] = "dbname";
1503                 values[4] = dbname;
1504                 keywords[5] = "fallback_application_name";
1505                 values[5] = pset.progname;
1506                 keywords[6] = NULL;
1507                 values[6] = NULL;
1508
1509                 n_conn = PQconnectdbParams(keywords, values, true);
1510
1511                 free(keywords);
1512                 free(values);
1513
1514                 /* We can immediately discard the password -- no longer needed */
1515                 if (password)
1516                         free(password);
1517
1518                 if (PQstatus(n_conn) == CONNECTION_OK)
1519                         break;
1520
1521                 /*
1522                  * Connection attempt failed; either retry the connection attempt with
1523                  * a new password, or give up.
1524                  */
1525                 if (!password && PQconnectionNeedsPassword(n_conn) && pset.getPassword != TRI_NO)
1526                 {
1527                         PQfinish(n_conn);
1528                         password = prompt_for_password(user);
1529                         continue;
1530                 }
1531
1532                 /*
1533                  * Failed to connect to the database. In interactive mode, keep the
1534                  * previous connection to the DB; in scripting mode, close our
1535                  * previous connection as well.
1536                  */
1537                 if (pset.cur_cmd_interactive)
1538                 {
1539                         psql_error("%s", PQerrorMessage(n_conn));
1540
1541                         /* pset.db is left unmodified */
1542                         if (o_conn)
1543                                 fputs(_("Previous connection kept\n"), stderr);
1544                 }
1545                 else
1546                 {
1547                         psql_error("\\connect: %s", PQerrorMessage(n_conn));
1548                         if (o_conn)
1549                         {
1550                                 PQfinish(o_conn);
1551                                 pset.db = NULL;
1552                         }
1553                 }
1554
1555                 PQfinish(n_conn);
1556                 return false;
1557         }
1558
1559         /*
1560          * Replace the old connection with the new one, and update
1561          * connection-dependent variables.
1562          */
1563         PQsetNoticeProcessor(n_conn, NoticeProcessor, NULL);
1564         pset.db = n_conn;
1565         SyncVariables();
1566         connection_warnings(false); /* Must be after SyncVariables */
1567
1568         /* Tell the user about the new connection */
1569         if (!pset.quiet)
1570         {
1571                 if (param_is_newly_set(PQhost(o_conn), PQhost(pset.db)) ||
1572                         param_is_newly_set(PQport(o_conn), PQport(pset.db)))
1573                 {
1574                         char    *host = PQhost(pset.db);
1575
1576                         if (host == NULL)
1577                                 host = DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR;
1578                         /* If the host is an absolute path, the connection is via socket */
1579                         if (is_absolute_path(host))
1580                                 printf(_("You are now connected to database \"%s\" as user \"%s\" via socket in \"%s\" at port \"%s\".\n"),
1581                                            PQdb(pset.db), PQuser(pset.db), host, PQport(pset.db));
1582                         else
1583                                 printf(_("You are now connected to database \"%s\" as user \"%s\" on host \"%s\" at port \"%s\".\n"),
1584                                            PQdb(pset.db), PQuser(pset.db), host, PQport(pset.db));
1585                 }
1586                 else
1587                         printf(_("You are now connected to database \"%s\" as user \"%s\".\n"),
1588                                    PQdb(pset.db), PQuser(pset.db));
1589         }
1590
1591         if (o_conn)
1592                 PQfinish(o_conn);
1593         return true;
1594 }
1595
1596
1597 void
1598 connection_warnings(bool in_startup)
1599 {
1600         if (!pset.quiet && !pset.notty)
1601         {
1602                 int                     client_ver = parse_version(PG_VERSION);
1603
1604                 if (pset.sversion != client_ver)
1605                 {
1606                         const char *server_version;
1607                         char            server_ver_str[16];
1608
1609                         /* Try to get full text form, might include "devel" etc */
1610                         server_version = PQparameterStatus(pset.db, "server_version");
1611                         if (!server_version)
1612                         {
1613                                 snprintf(server_ver_str, sizeof(server_ver_str),
1614                                                  "%d.%d.%d",
1615                                                  pset.sversion / 10000,
1616                                                  (pset.sversion / 100) % 100,
1617                                                  pset.sversion % 100);
1618                                 server_version = server_ver_str;
1619                         }
1620
1621                         printf(_("%s (%s, server %s)\n"),
1622                                    pset.progname, PG_VERSION, server_version);
1623                 }
1624                 /* For version match, only print psql banner on startup. */
1625                 else if (in_startup)
1626                         printf("%s (%s)\n", pset.progname, PG_VERSION);
1627
1628                 if (pset.sversion / 100 != client_ver / 100)
1629                         printf(_("WARNING: %s version %d.%d, server version %d.%d.\n"
1630                                          "         Some psql features might not work.\n"),
1631                                  pset.progname, client_ver / 10000, (client_ver / 100) % 100,
1632                                    pset.sversion / 10000, (pset.sversion / 100) % 100);
1633
1634 #ifdef WIN32
1635                 checkWin32Codepage();
1636 #endif
1637                 printSSLInfo();
1638         }
1639 }
1640
1641
1642 /*
1643  * printSSLInfo
1644  *
1645  * Prints information about the current SSL connection, if SSL is in use
1646  */
1647 static void
1648 printSSLInfo(void)
1649 {
1650 #ifdef USE_SSL
1651         int                     sslbits = -1;
1652         SSL                *ssl;
1653
1654         ssl = PQgetssl(pset.db);
1655         if (!ssl)
1656                 return;                                 /* no SSL */
1657
1658         SSL_get_cipher_bits(ssl, &sslbits);
1659         printf(_("SSL connection (cipher: %s, bits: %i)\n"),
1660                    SSL_get_cipher(ssl), sslbits);
1661 #else
1662
1663         /*
1664          * If psql is compiled without SSL but is using a libpq with SSL, we
1665          * cannot figure out the specifics about the connection. But we know it's
1666          * SSL secured.
1667          */
1668         if (PQgetssl(pset.db))
1669                 printf(_("SSL connection (unknown cipher)\n"));
1670 #endif
1671 }
1672
1673
1674 /*
1675  * checkWin32Codepage
1676  *
1677  * Prints a warning when win32 console codepage differs from Windows codepage
1678  */
1679 #ifdef WIN32
1680 static void
1681 checkWin32Codepage(void)
1682 {
1683         unsigned int wincp,
1684                                 concp;
1685
1686         wincp = GetACP();
1687         concp = GetConsoleCP();
1688         if (wincp != concp)
1689         {
1690                 printf(_("WARNING: Console code page (%u) differs from Windows code page (%u)\n"
1691                                  "         8-bit characters might not work correctly. See psql reference\n"
1692                                  "         page \"Notes for Windows users\" for details.\n"),
1693                            concp, wincp);
1694         }
1695 }
1696 #endif
1697
1698
1699 /*
1700  * SyncVariables
1701  *
1702  * Make psql's internal variables agree with connection state upon
1703  * establishing a new connection.
1704  */
1705 void
1706 SyncVariables(void)
1707 {
1708         /* get stuff from connection */
1709         pset.encoding = PQclientEncoding(pset.db);
1710         pset.popt.topt.encoding = pset.encoding;
1711         pset.sversion = PQserverVersion(pset.db);
1712
1713         SetVariable(pset.vars, "DBNAME", PQdb(pset.db));
1714         SetVariable(pset.vars, "USER", PQuser(pset.db));
1715         SetVariable(pset.vars, "HOST", PQhost(pset.db));
1716         SetVariable(pset.vars, "PORT", PQport(pset.db));
1717         SetVariable(pset.vars, "ENCODING", pg_encoding_to_char(pset.encoding));
1718
1719         /* send stuff to it, too */
1720         PQsetErrorVerbosity(pset.db, pset.verbosity);
1721 }
1722
1723 /*
1724  * UnsyncVariables
1725  *
1726  * Clear variables that should be not be set when there is no connection.
1727  */
1728 void
1729 UnsyncVariables(void)
1730 {
1731         SetVariable(pset.vars, "DBNAME", NULL);
1732         SetVariable(pset.vars, "USER", NULL);
1733         SetVariable(pset.vars, "HOST", NULL);
1734         SetVariable(pset.vars, "PORT", NULL);
1735         SetVariable(pset.vars, "ENCODING", NULL);
1736 }
1737
1738
1739 /*
1740  * do_edit -- handler for \e
1741  *
1742  * If you do not specify a filename, the current query buffer will be copied
1743  * into a temporary one.
1744  */
1745 static bool
1746 editFile(const char *fname, int lineno)
1747 {
1748         const char *editorName;
1749         const char *editor_lineno_switch = NULL;
1750         char       *sys;
1751         int                     result;
1752
1753         psql_assert(fname);
1754
1755         /* Find an editor to use */
1756         editorName = getenv("PSQL_EDITOR");
1757         if (!editorName)
1758                 editorName = getenv("EDITOR");
1759         if (!editorName)
1760                 editorName = getenv("VISUAL");
1761         if (!editorName)
1762                 editorName = DEFAULT_EDITOR;
1763
1764         /* Get line number switch, if we need it. */
1765         if (lineno > 0)
1766         {
1767                 editor_lineno_switch = GetVariable(pset.vars,
1768                                                                                    "EDITOR_LINENUMBER_SWITCH");
1769                 if (editor_lineno_switch == NULL)
1770                 {
1771                         psql_error("EDITOR_LINENUMBER_SWITCH variable must be set to specify a line number\n");
1772                         return false;
1773                 }
1774         }
1775
1776         /* Allocate sufficient memory for command line. */
1777         if (lineno > 0)
1778                 sys = pg_malloc(strlen(editorName)
1779                                                 + strlen(editor_lineno_switch) + 10     /* for integer */
1780                                                 + 1 + strlen(fname) + 10 + 1);
1781         else
1782                 sys = pg_malloc(strlen(editorName) + strlen(fname) + 10 + 1);
1783
1784         /*
1785          * On Unix the EDITOR value should *not* be quoted, since it might include
1786          * switches, eg, EDITOR="pico -t"; it's up to the user to put quotes in it
1787          * if necessary.  But this policy is not very workable on Windows, due to
1788          * severe brain damage in their command shell plus the fact that standard
1789          * program paths include spaces.
1790          */
1791 #ifndef WIN32
1792         if (lineno > 0)
1793                 sprintf(sys, "exec %s %s%d '%s'",
1794                                 editorName, editor_lineno_switch, lineno, fname);
1795         else
1796                 sprintf(sys, "exec %s '%s'",
1797                                 editorName, fname);
1798 #else
1799         if (lineno > 0)
1800                 sprintf(sys, SYSTEMQUOTE "\"%s\" %s%d \"%s\"" SYSTEMQUOTE,
1801                                 editorName, editor_lineno_switch, lineno, fname);
1802         else
1803                 sprintf(sys, SYSTEMQUOTE "\"%s\" \"%s\"" SYSTEMQUOTE,
1804                                 editorName, fname);
1805 #endif
1806         result = system(sys);
1807         if (result == -1)
1808                 psql_error("could not start editor \"%s\"\n", editorName);
1809         else if (result == 127)
1810                 psql_error("could not start /bin/sh\n");
1811         free(sys);
1812
1813         return result == 0;
1814 }
1815
1816
1817 /* call this one */
1818 static bool
1819 do_edit(const char *filename_arg, PQExpBuffer query_buf,
1820                 int lineno, bool *edited)
1821 {
1822         char            fnametmp[MAXPGPATH];
1823         FILE       *stream = NULL;
1824         const char *fname;
1825         bool            error = false;
1826         int                     fd;
1827
1828         struct stat before,
1829                                 after;
1830
1831         if (filename_arg)
1832                 fname = filename_arg;
1833         else
1834         {
1835                 /* make a temp file to edit */
1836 #ifndef WIN32
1837                 const char *tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR");
1838
1839                 if (!tmpdir)
1840                         tmpdir = "/tmp";
1841 #else
1842                 char            tmpdir[MAXPGPATH];
1843                 int                     ret;
1844
1845                 ret = GetTempPath(MAXPGPATH, tmpdir);
1846                 if (ret == 0 || ret > MAXPGPATH)
1847                 {
1848                         psql_error("cannot locate temporary directory: %s",
1849                                            !ret ? strerror(errno) : "");
1850                         return false;
1851                 }
1852
1853                 /*
1854                  * No canonicalize_path() here. EDIT.EXE run from CMD.EXE prepends the
1855                  * current directory to the supplied path unless we use only
1856                  * backslashes, so we do that.
1857                  */
1858 #endif
1859 #ifndef WIN32
1860                 snprintf(fnametmp, sizeof(fnametmp), "%s%spsql.edit.%d", tmpdir,
1861                                  "/", (int) getpid());
1862 #else
1863                 snprintf(fnametmp, sizeof(fnametmp), "%s%spsql.edit.%d", tmpdir,
1864                            "" /* trailing separator already present */ , (int) getpid());
1865 #endif
1866
1867                 fname = (const char *) fnametmp;
1868
1869                 fd = open(fname, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0600);
1870                 if (fd != -1)
1871                         stream = fdopen(fd, "w");
1872
1873                 if (fd == -1 || !stream)
1874                 {
1875                         psql_error("could not open temporary file \"%s\": %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1876                         error = true;
1877                 }
1878                 else
1879                 {
1880                         unsigned int ql = query_buf->len;
1881
1882                         if (ql == 0 || query_buf->data[ql - 1] != '\n')
1883                         {
1884                                 appendPQExpBufferChar(query_buf, '\n');
1885                                 ql++;
1886                         }
1887
1888                         if (fwrite(query_buf->data, 1, ql, stream) != ql)
1889                         {
1890                                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1891                                 fclose(stream);
1892                                 remove(fname);
1893                                 error = true;
1894                         }
1895                         else if (fclose(stream) != 0)
1896                         {
1897                                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1898                                 remove(fname);
1899                                 error = true;
1900                         }
1901                 }
1902         }
1903
1904         if (!error && stat(fname, &before) != 0)
1905         {
1906                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1907                 error = true;
1908         }
1909
1910         /* call editor */
1911         if (!error)
1912                 error = !editFile(fname, lineno);
1913
1914         if (!error && stat(fname, &after) != 0)
1915         {
1916                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1917                 error = true;
1918         }
1919
1920         if (!error && before.st_mtime != after.st_mtime)
1921         {
1922                 stream = fopen(fname, PG_BINARY_R);
1923                 if (!stream)
1924                 {
1925                         psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1926                         error = true;
1927                 }
1928                 else
1929                 {
1930                         /* read file back into query_buf */
1931                         char            line[1024];
1932
1933                         resetPQExpBuffer(query_buf);
1934                         while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), stream) != NULL)
1935                                 appendPQExpBufferStr(query_buf, line);
1936
1937                         if (ferror(stream))
1938                         {
1939                                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1940                                 error = true;
1941                         }
1942                         else if (edited)
1943                         {
1944                                 *edited = true;
1945                         }
1946
1947                         fclose(stream);
1948                 }
1949         }
1950
1951         /* remove temp file */
1952         if (!filename_arg)
1953         {
1954                 if (remove(fname) == -1)
1955                 {
1956                         psql_error("%s: %s\n", fname, strerror(errno));
1957                         error = true;
1958                 }
1959         }
1960
1961         return !error;
1962 }
1963
1964
1965
1966 /*
1967  * process_file
1968  *
1969  * Read commands from filename and then them to the main processing loop
1970  * Handler for \i, but can be used for other things as well.  Returns
1971  * MainLoop() error code.
1972  */
1973 int
1974 process_file(char *filename, bool single_txn)
1975 {
1976         FILE       *fd;
1977         int                     result;
1978         char       *oldfilename;
1979         PGresult   *res;
1980
1981         if (!filename)
1982                 return EXIT_FAILURE;
1983
1984         if (strcmp(filename, "-") != 0)
1985         {
1986                 canonicalize_path(filename);
1987                 fd = fopen(filename, PG_BINARY_R);
1988         }
1989         else
1990                 fd = stdin;
1991
1992         if (!fd)
1993         {
1994                 psql_error("%s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
1995                 return EXIT_FAILURE;
1996         }
1997
1998         oldfilename = pset.inputfile;
1999         pset.inputfile = filename;
2000
2001         if (single_txn)
2002         {
2003                 if ((res = PSQLexec("BEGIN", false)) == NULL)
2004                 {
2005                         if (pset.on_error_stop)
2006                         {
2007                                 result = EXIT_USER;
2008                                 goto error;
2009                         }
2010                 }
2011                 else
2012                         PQclear(res);
2013         }
2014
2015         result = MainLoop(fd);
2016
2017         if (single_txn)
2018         {
2019                 if ((res = PSQLexec("COMMIT", false)) == NULL)
2020                 {
2021                         if (pset.on_error_stop)
2022                         {
2023                                 result = EXIT_USER;
2024                                 goto error;
2025                         }
2026                 }
2027                 else
2028                         PQclear(res);
2029         }
2030
2031 error:
2032         if (fd != stdin)
2033                 fclose(fd);
2034
2035         pset.inputfile = oldfilename;
2036         return result;
2037 }
2038
2039
2040
2041 /*
2042  * do_pset
2043  *
2044  */
2045 static const char *
2046 _align2string(enum printFormat in)
2047 {
2048         switch (in)
2049         {
2050                 case PRINT_NOTHING:
2051                         return "nothing";
2052                         break;
2053                 case PRINT_UNALIGNED:
2054                         return "unaligned";
2055                         break;
2056                 case PRINT_ALIGNED:
2057                         return "aligned";
2058                         break;
2059                 case PRINT_WRAPPED:
2060                         return "wrapped";
2061                         break;
2062                 case PRINT_HTML:
2063                         return "html";
2064                         break;
2065                 case PRINT_LATEX:
2066                         return "latex";
2067                         break;
2068                 case PRINT_TROFF_MS:
2069                         return "troff-ms";
2070                         break;
2071         }
2072         return "unknown";
2073 }
2074
2075
2076 bool
2077 do_pset(const char *param, const char *value, printQueryOpt *popt, bool quiet)
2078 {
2079         size_t          vallen = 0;
2080
2081         psql_assert(param);
2082
2083         if (value)
2084                 vallen = strlen(value);
2085
2086         /* set format */
2087         if (strcmp(param, "format") == 0)
2088         {
2089                 if (!value)
2090                         ;
2091                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("unaligned", value, vallen) == 0)
2092                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_UNALIGNED;
2093                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("aligned", value, vallen) == 0)
2094                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_ALIGNED;
2095                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("wrapped", value, vallen) == 0)
2096                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_WRAPPED;
2097                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("html", value, vallen) == 0)
2098                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_HTML;
2099                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("latex", value, vallen) == 0)
2100                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_LATEX;
2101                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("troff-ms", value, vallen) == 0)
2102                         popt->topt.format = PRINT_TROFF_MS;
2103                 else
2104                 {
2105                         psql_error("\\pset: allowed formats are unaligned, aligned, wrapped, html, latex, troff-ms\n");
2106                         return false;
2107                 }
2108
2109                 if (!quiet)
2110                         printf(_("Output format is %s.\n"), _align2string(popt->topt.format));
2111         }
2112
2113         /* set table line style */
2114         else if (strcmp(param, "linestyle") == 0)
2115         {
2116                 if (!value)
2117                         ;
2118                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("ascii", value, vallen) == 0)
2119                         popt->topt.line_style = &pg_asciiformat;
2120                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("old-ascii", value, vallen) == 0)
2121                         popt->topt.line_style = &pg_asciiformat_old;
2122                 else if (pg_strncasecmp("unicode", value, vallen) == 0)
2123                         popt->topt.line_style = &pg_utf8format;
2124                 else
2125                 {
2126                         psql_error("\\pset: allowed line styles are ascii, old-ascii, unicode\n");
2127                         return false;
2128                 }
2129
2130                 if (!quiet)
2131                         printf(_("Line style is %s.\n"),
2132                                    get_line_style(&popt->topt)->name);
2133         }
2134
2135         /* set border style/width */
2136         else if (strcmp(param, "border") == 0)
2137         {
2138                 if (value)
2139                         popt->topt.border = atoi(value);
2140
2141                 if (!quiet)
2142                         printf(_("Border style is %d.\n"), popt->topt.border);
2143         }
2144
2145         /* set expanded/vertical mode */
2146         else if (strcmp(param, "x") == 0 || strcmp(param, "expanded") == 0 || strcmp(param, "vertical") == 0)
2147         {
2148                 if (value)
2149                         popt->topt.expanded = ParseVariableBool(value);
2150                 else
2151                         popt->topt.expanded = !popt->topt.expanded;
2152                 if (!quiet)
2153                         printf(popt->topt.expanded
2154                                    ? _("Expanded display is on.\n")
2155                                    : _("Expanded display is off.\n"));
2156         }
2157
2158         /* locale-aware numeric output */
2159         else if (strcmp(param, "numericlocale") == 0)
2160         {
2161                 if (value)
2162                         popt->topt.numericLocale = ParseVariableBool(value);
2163                 else
2164                         popt->topt.numericLocale = !popt->topt.numericLocale;
2165                 if (!quiet)
2166                 {
2167                         if (popt->topt.numericLocale)
2168                                 puts(_("Showing locale-adjusted numeric output."));
2169                         else
2170                                 puts(_("Locale-adjusted numeric output is off."));
2171                 }
2172         }
2173
2174         /* null display */
2175         else if (strcmp(param, "null") == 0)
2176         {
2177                 if (value)
2178                 {
2179                         free(popt->nullPrint);
2180                         popt->nullPrint = pg_strdup(value);
2181                 }
2182                 if (!quiet)
2183                         printf(_("Null display is \"%s\".\n"), popt->nullPrint ? popt->nullPrint : "");
2184         }
2185
2186         /* field separator for unaligned text */
2187         else if (strcmp(param, "fieldsep") == 0)
2188         {
2189                 if (value)
2190                 {
2191                         free(popt->topt.fieldSep);
2192                         popt->topt.fieldSep = pg_strdup(value);
2193                 }
2194                 if (!quiet)
2195                         printf(_("Field separator is \"%s\".\n"), popt->topt.fieldSep);
2196         }
2197
2198         /* record separator for unaligned text */
2199         else if (strcmp(param, "recordsep") == 0)
2200         {
2201                 if (value)
2202                 {
2203                         free(popt->topt.recordSep);
2204                         popt->topt.recordSep = pg_strdup(value);
2205                 }
2206                 if (!quiet)
2207                 {
2208                         if (strcmp(popt->topt.recordSep, "\n") == 0)
2209                                 printf(_("Record separator is <newline>."));
2210                         else
2211                                 printf(_("Record separator is \"%s\".\n"), popt->topt.recordSep);
2212                 }
2213         }
2214
2215         /* toggle between full and tuples-only format */
2216         else if (strcmp(param, "t") == 0 || strcmp(param, "tuples_only") == 0)
2217         {
2218                 if (value)
2219                         popt->topt.tuples_only = ParseVariableBool(value);
2220                 else
2221                         popt->topt.tuples_only = !popt->topt.tuples_only;
2222                 if (!quiet)
2223                 {
2224                         if (popt->topt.tuples_only)
2225                                 puts(_("Showing only tuples."));
2226                         else
2227                                 puts(_("Tuples only is off."));
2228                 }
2229         }
2230
2231         /* set title override */
2232         else if (strcmp(param, "title") == 0)
2233         {
2234                 free(popt->title);
2235                 if (!value)
2236                         popt->title = NULL;
2237                 else
2238                         popt->title = pg_strdup(value);
2239
2240                 if (!quiet)
2241                 {
2242                         if (popt->title)
2243                                 printf(_("Title is \"%s\".\n"), popt->title);
2244                         else
2245                                 printf(_("Title is unset.\n"));
2246                 }
2247         }
2248
2249         /* set HTML table tag options */
2250         else if (strcmp(param, "T") == 0 || strcmp(param, "tableattr") == 0)
2251         {
2252                 free(popt->topt.tableAttr);
2253                 if (!value)
2254                         popt->topt.tableAttr = NULL;
2255                 else
2256                         popt->topt.tableAttr = pg_strdup(value);
2257
2258                 if (!quiet)
2259                 {
2260                         if (popt->topt.tableAttr)
2261                                 printf(_("Table attribute is \"%s\".\n"), popt->topt.tableAttr);
2262                         else
2263                                 printf(_("Table attributes unset.\n"));
2264                 }
2265         }
2266
2267         /* toggle use of pager */
2268         else if (strcmp(param, "pager") == 0)
2269         {
2270                 if (value && pg_strcasecmp(value, "always") == 0)
2271                         popt->topt.pager = 2;
2272                 else if (value)
2273                         if (ParseVariableBool(value))
2274                                 popt->topt.pager = 1;
2275                         else
2276                                 popt->topt.pager = 0;
2277                 else if (popt->topt.pager == 1)
2278                         popt->topt.pager = 0;
2279                 else
2280                         popt->topt.pager = 1;
2281                 if (!quiet)
2282                 {
2283                         if (popt->topt.pager == 1)
2284                                 puts(_("Pager is used for long output."));
2285                         else if (popt->topt.pager == 2)
2286                                 puts(_("Pager is always used."));
2287                         else
2288                                 puts(_("Pager usage is off."));
2289                 }
2290         }
2291
2292         /* disable "(x rows)" footer */
2293         else if (strcmp(param, "footer") == 0)
2294         {
2295                 if (value)
2296                         popt->default_footer = ParseVariableBool(value);
2297                 else
2298                         popt->default_footer = !popt->default_footer;
2299                 if (!quiet)
2300                 {
2301                         if (popt->default_footer)
2302                                 puts(_("Default footer is on."));
2303                         else
2304                                 puts(_("Default footer is off."));
2305                 }
2306         }
2307
2308         /* set border style/width */
2309         else if (strcmp(param, "columns") == 0)
2310         {
2311                 if (value)
2312                         popt->topt.columns = atoi(value);
2313
2314                 if (!quiet)
2315                         printf(_("Target width for \"wrapped\" format is %d.\n"), popt->topt.columns);
2316         }
2317
2318         else
2319         {
2320                 psql_error("\\pset: unknown option: %s\n", param);
2321                 return false;
2322         }
2323
2324         return true;
2325 }
2326
2327
2328
2329 #ifndef WIN32
2330 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "/bin/sh"
2331 #else
2332 /*
2333  *      CMD.EXE is in different places in different Win32 releases so we
2334  *      have to rely on the path to find it.
2335  */
2336 #define DEFAULT_SHELL "cmd.exe"
2337 #endif
2338
2339 static bool
2340 do_shell(const char *command)
2341 {
2342         int                     result;
2343
2344         if (!command)
2345         {
2346                 char       *sys;
2347                 const char *shellName;
2348
2349                 shellName = getenv("SHELL");
2350 #ifdef WIN32
2351                 if (shellName == NULL)
2352                         shellName = getenv("COMSPEC");
2353 #endif
2354                 if (shellName == NULL)
2355                         shellName = DEFAULT_SHELL;
2356
2357                 sys = pg_malloc(strlen(shellName) + 16);
2358 #ifndef WIN32
2359                 sprintf(sys,
2360                 /* See EDITOR handling comment for an explaination */
2361                                 "exec %s", shellName);
2362 #else
2363                 /* See EDITOR handling comment for an explaination */
2364                 sprintf(sys, SYSTEMQUOTE "\"%s\"" SYSTEMQUOTE, shellName);
2365 #endif
2366                 result = system(sys);
2367                 free(sys);
2368         }
2369         else
2370                 result = system(command);
2371
2372         if (result == 127 || result == -1)
2373         {
2374                 psql_error("\\!: failed\n");
2375                 return false;
2376         }
2377         return true;
2378 }
2379
2380 /*
2381  * This function takes a function description, e.g. "x" or "x(int)", and
2382  * issues a query on the given connection to retrieve the function's OID
2383  * using a cast to regproc or regprocedure (as appropriate). The result,
2384  * if there is one, is returned at *foid.  Note that we'll fail if the
2385  * function doesn't exist OR if there are multiple matching candidates
2386  * OR if there's something syntactically wrong with the function description;
2387  * unfortunately it can be hard to tell the difference.
2388  */
2389 static bool
2390 lookup_function_oid(PGconn *conn, const char *desc, Oid *foid)
2391 {
2392         bool            result = true;
2393         PQExpBuffer query;
2394         PGresult   *res;
2395
2396         query = createPQExpBuffer();
2397         printfPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT ");
2398         appendStringLiteralConn(query, desc, conn);
2399         appendPQExpBuffer(query, "::pg_catalog.%s::pg_catalog.oid",
2400                                           strchr(desc, '(') ? "regprocedure" : "regproc");
2401
2402         res = PQexec(conn, query->data);
2403         if (PQresultStatus(res) == PGRES_TUPLES_OK && PQntuples(res) == 1)
2404                 *foid = atooid(PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0));
2405         else
2406         {
2407                 minimal_error_message(res);
2408                 result = false;
2409         }
2410
2411         PQclear(res);
2412         destroyPQExpBuffer(query);
2413
2414         return result;
2415 }
2416
2417 /*
2418  * Fetches the "CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION ..." command that describes the
2419  * function with the given OID.  If successful, the result is stored in buf.
2420  */
2421 static bool
2422 get_create_function_cmd(PGconn *conn, Oid oid, PQExpBuffer buf)
2423 {
2424         bool            result = true;
2425         PQExpBuffer query;
2426         PGresult   *res;
2427
2428         query = createPQExpBuffer();
2429         printfPQExpBuffer(query, "SELECT pg_catalog.pg_get_functiondef(%u)", oid);
2430
2431         res = PQexec(conn, query->data);
2432         if (PQresultStatus(res) == PGRES_TUPLES_OK && PQntuples(res) == 1)
2433         {
2434                 resetPQExpBuffer(buf);
2435                 appendPQExpBufferStr(buf, PQgetvalue(res, 0, 0));
2436         }
2437         else
2438         {
2439                 minimal_error_message(res);
2440                 result = false;
2441         }
2442
2443         PQclear(res);
2444         destroyPQExpBuffer(query);
2445
2446         return result;
2447 }
2448
2449 /*
2450  * If the given argument of \ef ends with a line number, delete the line
2451  * number from the argument string and return it as an integer.  (We need
2452  * this kluge because we're too lazy to parse \ef's function name argument
2453  * carefully --- we just slop it up in OT_WHOLE_LINE mode.)
2454  *
2455  * Returns -1 if no line number is present, 0 on error, or a positive value
2456  * on success.
2457  */
2458 static int
2459 strip_lineno_from_funcdesc(char *func)
2460 {
2461         char       *c;
2462         int                     lineno;
2463
2464         if (!func || func[0] == '\0')
2465                 return -1;
2466
2467         c = func + strlen(func) - 1;
2468
2469         /*
2470          * This business of parsing backwards is dangerous as can be in a
2471          * multibyte environment: there is no reason to believe that we are
2472          * looking at the first byte of a character, nor are we necessarily
2473          * working in a "safe" encoding.  Fortunately the bitpatterns we are
2474          * looking for are unlikely to occur as non-first bytes, but beware
2475          * of trying to expand the set of cases that can be recognized.  We must
2476          * guard the <ctype.h> macros by using isascii() first, too.
2477          */
2478
2479         /* skip trailing whitespace */
2480         while (c > func && isascii((unsigned char) *c) && isspace((unsigned char) *c))
2481                 c--;
2482
2483         /* must have a digit as last non-space char */
2484         if (c == func || !isascii((unsigned char) *c) || !isdigit((unsigned char) *c))
2485                 return -1;
2486
2487         /* find start of digit string */
2488         while (c > func && isascii((unsigned char) *c) && isdigit((unsigned char) *c))
2489                 c--;
2490
2491         /* digits must be separated from func name by space or closing paren */
2492         /* notice also that we are not allowing an empty func name ... */
2493         if (c == func || !isascii((unsigned char) *c) ||
2494                 !(isspace((unsigned char) *c) || *c == ')'))
2495                 return -1;
2496
2497         /* parse digit string */
2498         c++;
2499         lineno = atoi(c);
2500         if (lineno < 1)
2501         {
2502                 psql_error("invalid line number: %s\n", c);
2503                 return 0;
2504         }
2505
2506         /* strip digit string from func */
2507         *c = '\0';
2508
2509         return lineno;
2510 }
2511
2512 /*
2513  * Report just the primary error; this is to avoid cluttering the output
2514  * with, for instance, a redisplay of the internally generated query
2515  */
2516 static void
2517 minimal_error_message(PGresult *res)
2518 {
2519         PQExpBuffer msg;
2520         const char *fld;
2521
2522         msg = createPQExpBuffer();
2523
2524         fld = PQresultErrorField(res, PG_DIAG_SEVERITY);
2525         if (fld)
2526                 printfPQExpBuffer(msg, "%s:  ", fld);
2527         else
2528                 printfPQExpBuffer(msg, "ERROR:  ");
2529         fld = PQresultErrorField(res, PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY);
2530         if (fld)
2531                 appendPQExpBufferStr(msg, fld);
2532         else
2533                 appendPQExpBufferStr(msg, "(not available)");
2534         appendPQExpBufferStr(msg, "\n");
2535
2536         psql_error("%s", msg->data);
2537
2538         destroyPQExpBuffer(msg);
2539 }