2 '\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
3 '\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
5 '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
6 '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
8 .TH split n "" Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
9 .\" The -*- nroff -*- definitions below are for supplemental macros used
10 .\" in Tcl/Tk manual entries.
12 .\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
13 .\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
14 .\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
15 .\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
16 .\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
17 .\" needed; use .AS below instead)
20 .\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and
21 .\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
22 .\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
25 .\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be
26 .\" enclosed in one large box.
29 .\" End of box enclosure.
32 .\" Begin code excerpt.
37 .\" .VS ?version? ?br?
38 .\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
39 .\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording
40 .\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
41 .\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument
42 .\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
45 .\" End of vertical sidebar.
48 .\" Begin an indented unfilled display.
51 .\" End of indented unfilled display.
54 .\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The manpage
55 .\" argument defines where to look up the standard options; if
56 .\" omitted, defaults to "options". The options follow on successive
57 .\" lines, in three columns separated by tabs.
60 .\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
62 .\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
63 .\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the
64 .\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
65 .\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
66 .\" the option's class in the option database.
69 .\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
72 .\" Print arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally (for trailing punctuation).
75 .\" Print an open parenthesis, arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally
76 .\" (for trailing punctuation) and then a closing parenthesis.
78 .\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
82 .\" # Start an argument description
86 . ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
91 \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3)
104 .\" # define tabbing values for .AP
107 .if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
110 .if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
111 .nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
113 .AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
114 .\" # BS - start boxed text
115 .\" # ^y = starting y location
123 .if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
126 .\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
131 .ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
133 .\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
134 .\" box if the box started on an earlier page.
136 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
139 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
146 .\" # VS - start vertical sidebar
147 .\" # ^Y = starting y location
148 .\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter)
152 .ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
155 .\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar
163 \h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n'
170 .\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current
171 .\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
172 .\" # page bottom macro.
179 .\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
180 .\" draw two sides but no top otherwise.
181 .ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
182 .el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
185 .nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
186 \kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c
199 .\" # DS - begin display
205 .\" # DE - end display
211 .\" # SO - start of list of standard options
213 'ie '\\$1'' .ds So \\fBoptions\\fR
214 'el .ds So \\fB\\$1\\fR
215 .SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
221 .\" # SE - end of list of standard options
226 See the \\*(So manual entry for details on the standard options.
228 .\" # OP - start of full description for a single option
233 Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR
234 Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR
235 Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR
239 .\" # CS - begin code excerpt
245 .\" # CE - end code excerpt
250 .\" # UL - underline word
254 .\" # QW - apply quotation marks to word
256 .ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\$2
257 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
258 .el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2
260 .\" # PQ - apply parens and quotation marks to word
262 .ie '\\*(lq'"' (``\\$1''\\$2)\\$3
263 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
264 .el (\\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2)\\$3
266 .\" # QR - quoted range
268 .ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\-``\\$2''\\$3
269 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
270 .el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\-\\*(lq\\$2\\*(rq\\$3
272 .\" # MT - "empty" string
277 '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
279 split \- Split a string into a proper Tcl list
281 \fBsplit \fIstring \fR?\fIsplitChars\fR?
285 Returns a list created by splitting \fIstring\fR at each character
286 that is in the \fIsplitChars\fR argument.
287 Each element of the result list will consist of the
288 characters from \fIstring\fR that lie between instances of the
289 characters in \fIsplitChars\fR.
290 Empty list elements will be generated if \fIstring\fR contains
291 adjacent characters in \fIsplitChars\fR, or if the first or last
292 character of \fIstring\fR is in \fIsplitChars\fR.
293 If \fIsplitChars\fR is an empty string then each character of
294 \fIstring\fR becomes a separate element of the result list.
295 \fISplitChars\fR defaults to the standard white-space characters.
298 Divide up a USENET group name into its hierarchical components:
301 \fBsplit\fR "comp.lang.tcl" .
302 \fI\(-> comp lang tcl\fR
305 See how the \fBsplit\fR command splits on \fIevery\fR character in
306 \fIsplitChars\fR, which can result in information loss if you are not
310 \fBsplit\fR "alpha beta gamma" "temp"
311 \fI\(-> al {ha b} {} {a ga} {} a\fR
314 Extract the list words from a string that is not a well-formed list:
317 \fBsplit\fR "Example with {unbalanced brace character"
318 \fI\(-> Example with \e{unbalanced brace character\fR
321 Split a string into its constituent characters
324 \fBsplit\fR "Hello world" {}
325 \fI\(-> H e l l o { } w o r l d\fR
327 .SS "PARSING RECORD-ORIENTED FILES"
329 Parse a Unix /etc/passwd file, which consists of one entry per line,
330 with each line consisting of a colon-separated list of fields:
334 set fid [open /etc/passwd]
335 set content [read $fid]
338 ## Split into records on newlines
339 set records [\fBsplit\fR $content "\en"]
341 ## Iterate over the records
342 foreach rec $records {
344 ## Split into fields on colons
345 set fields [\fBsplit\fR $rec ":"]
347 ## Assign fields to variables and print some out...
349 userName password uid grp longName homeDir shell
350 puts "$longName uses [file tail $shell] for a login shell"
354 join(n), list(n), string(n)