2 '\" Copyright (c) 1994 The Regents of the University of California.
3 '\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
4 '\" Copyright (c) 2001 Donal K. Fellows
6 '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
7 '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
9 .TH subst n 7.4 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
10 .\" The -*- nroff -*- definitions below are for supplemental macros used
11 .\" in Tcl/Tk manual entries.
13 .\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
14 .\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
15 .\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
16 .\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
17 .\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
18 .\" needed; use .AS below instead)
21 .\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and
22 .\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
23 .\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
26 .\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be
27 .\" enclosed in one large box.
30 .\" End of box enclosure.
33 .\" Begin code excerpt.
38 .\" .VS ?version? ?br?
39 .\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
40 .\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording
41 .\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
42 .\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument
43 .\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
46 .\" End of vertical sidebar.
49 .\" Begin an indented unfilled display.
52 .\" End of indented unfilled display.
55 .\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The manpage
56 .\" argument defines where to look up the standard options; if
57 .\" omitted, defaults to "options". The options follow on successive
58 .\" lines, in three columns separated by tabs.
61 .\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
63 .\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
64 .\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the
65 .\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
66 .\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
67 .\" the option's class in the option database.
70 .\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
73 .\" Print arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally (for trailing punctuation).
76 .\" Print an open parenthesis, arg1 in quotes, then arg2 normally
77 .\" (for trailing punctuation) and then a closing parenthesis.
79 .\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
83 .\" # Start an argument description
87 . ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
92 \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3)
105 .\" # define tabbing values for .AP
108 .if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
111 .if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
112 .nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
114 .AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
115 .\" # BS - start boxed text
116 .\" # ^y = starting y location
124 .if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
127 .\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
132 .ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
134 .\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
135 .\" box if the box started on an earlier page.
137 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
140 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
147 .\" # VS - start vertical sidebar
148 .\" # ^Y = starting y location
149 .\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter)
153 .ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
156 .\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar
164 \h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n'
171 .\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current
172 .\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
173 .\" # page bottom macro.
180 .\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
181 .\" draw two sides but no top otherwise.
182 .ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
183 .el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
186 .nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
187 \kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c
200 .\" # DS - begin display
206 .\" # DE - end display
212 .\" # SO - start of list of standard options
214 'ie '\\$1'' .ds So \\fBoptions\\fR
215 'el .ds So \\fB\\$1\\fR
216 .SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
222 .\" # SE - end of list of standard options
227 See the \\*(So manual entry for details on the standard options.
229 .\" # OP - start of full description for a single option
234 Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR
235 Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR
236 Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR
240 .\" # CS - begin code excerpt
246 .\" # CE - end code excerpt
251 .\" # UL - underline word
255 .\" # QW - apply quotation marks to word
257 .ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\$2
258 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
259 .el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2
261 .\" # PQ - apply parens and quotation marks to word
263 .ie '\\*(lq'"' (``\\$1''\\$2)\\$3
264 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
265 .el (\\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\$2)\\$3
267 .\" # QR - quoted range
269 .ie '\\*(lq'"' ``\\$1''\\-``\\$2''\\$3
270 .\"" fix emacs highlighting
271 .el \\*(lq\\$1\\*(rq\\-\\*(lq\\$2\\*(rq\\$3
273 .\" # MT - "empty" string
278 '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
280 subst \- Perform backslash, command, and variable substitutions
282 \fBsubst \fR?\fB\-nobackslashes\fR? ?\fB\-nocommands\fR? ?\fB\-novariables\fR? \fIstring\fR
286 This command performs variable substitutions, command substitutions,
287 and backslash substitutions on its \fIstring\fR argument and
288 returns the fully-substituted result.
289 The substitutions are performed in exactly the same way as for
291 As a result, the \fIstring\fR argument is actually substituted twice,
292 once by the Tcl parser in the usual fashion for Tcl commands, and
293 again by the \fIsubst\fR command.
295 If any of the \fB\-nobackslashes\fR, \fB\-nocommands\fR, or
296 \fB\-novariables\fR are specified, then the corresponding substitutions
298 For example, if \fB\-nocommands\fR is specified, command substitution
299 is not performed: open and close brackets are treated as ordinary characters
300 with no special interpretation.
302 Note that the substitution of one kind can include substitution of
303 other kinds. For example, even when the \fB\-novariables\fR option
304 is specified, command substitution is performed without restriction.
305 This means that any variable substitution necessary to complete the
306 command substitution will still take place. Likewise, any command
307 substitution necessary to complete a variable substitution will
308 take place, even when \fB\-nocommands\fR is specified. See the
309 \fBEXAMPLES\fR below.
311 If an error occurs during substitution, then \fBsubst\fR will return
312 that error. If a break exception occurs during command or variable
313 substitution, the result of the whole substitution will be the
314 string (as substituted) up to the start of the substitution that
315 raised the exception. If a continue exception occurs during the
316 evaluation of a command or variable substitution, an empty string
317 will be substituted for that entire command or variable substitution
318 (as long as it is well-formed Tcl.) If a return exception occurs,
319 or any other return code is returned during command or variable
320 substitution, then the returned value is substituted for that
321 substitution. See the \fBEXAMPLES\fR below. In this way, all exceptional
324 by \fBsubst\fR. The \fBsubst\fR command
325 itself will either return an error, or will complete successfully.
328 When it performs its substitutions, \fIsubst\fR does not give any
329 special treatment to double quotes or curly braces (except within
330 command substitutions) so the script
334 \fBsubst\fR {xyz {$a}}
338 .QW "\fBxyz {44}\fR" ,
345 \fBsubst\fR {xyz {$a}}
349 .QW "\fBxyz {p} q {r}\fR" ,
351 .QW "\fBxyz {p\e} q \e{r}\fR".
353 When command substitution is performed, it includes any variable
354 substitution necessary to evaluate the script.
358 \fBsubst\fR -novariables {$a [format $a]}
366 variable substitution is performed, it includes any command
367 substitution necessary to retrieve the value of the variable.
371 array set a {c c [b] tricky}
372 \fBsubst\fR -nocommands {[b] $a([b])}
378 .QW "\fB[b] tricky\fR" .
380 The continue and break exceptions allow command substitutions to
381 prevent substitution of the rest of the command substitution and the
382 rest of \fIstring\fR respectively, giving script authors more options
383 when processing text using \fIsubst\fR. For example, the script
386 \fBsubst\fR {abc,[break],def}
396 \fBsubst\fR {abc,[continue;expr {1+2}],def}
402 .QW \fBabc,3,def\fR .
404 Other exceptional return codes substitute the returned value
407 \fBsubst\fR {abc,[return foo;expr {1+2}],def}
411 .QW \fBabc,foo,def\fR ,
417 \fBsubst\fR {abc,[return -code 10 foo;expr {1+2}],def}
421 .QW \fBabc,foo,def\fR ,
423 .QW \fBabc,3,def\fR .
425 Tcl(n), eval(n), break(n), continue(n)
427 backslash substitution, command substitution, quoting, substitution, variable substitution