2 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 * Dalvik initialization, shutdown, and command-line argument processing.
20 #define __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
26 #include <sys/mount.h>
29 #include <cutils/fs.h>
33 #include "test/Test.h"
34 #include "mterp/Mterp.h"
38 #include "compiler/codegen/Optimizer.h"
41 #define kMinHeapStartSize (1*1024*1024)
42 #define kMinHeapSize (2*1024*1024)
43 #define kMaxHeapSize (1*1024*1024*1024)
46 * Register VM-agnostic native methods for system classes.
48 extern int jniRegisterSystemMethods(JNIEnv* env);
51 static bool registerSystemNatives(JNIEnv* pEnv);
52 static bool initJdwp();
53 static bool initZygote();
57 struct DvmGlobals gDvm;
58 struct DvmJniGlobals gDvmJni;
60 /* JIT-specific global state */
62 struct DvmJitGlobals gDvmJit;
64 #if defined(WITH_JIT_TUNING)
66 * Track the number of hits in the inline cache for predicted chaining.
67 * Use an ugly global variable here since it is accessed in assembly code.
77 * We follow the tradition of unhyphenated compound words.
79 static void usage(const char* progName)
81 dvmFprintf(stderr, "%s: [options] class [argument ...]\n", progName);
82 dvmFprintf(stderr, "%s: [options] -jar file.jar [argument ...]\n",progName);
83 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
84 dvmFprintf(stderr, "The following standard options are recognized:\n");
85 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -classpath classpath\n");
86 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Dproperty=value\n");
87 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -verbose:tag ('gc', 'jni', or 'class')\n");
88 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -ea[:<package name>... |:<class name>]\n");
89 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -da[:<package name>... |:<class name>]\n");
90 dvmFprintf(stderr, " (-enableassertions, -disableassertions)\n");
91 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -esa\n");
92 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -dsa\n");
94 " (-enablesystemassertions, -disablesystemassertions)\n");
95 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -showversion\n");
96 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -help\n");
97 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
98 dvmFprintf(stderr, "The following extended options are recognized:\n");
99 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xrunjdwp:<options>\n");
100 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xbootclasspath:bootclasspath\n");
101 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xcheck:tag (e.g. 'jni')\n");
102 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XmsN (min heap, must be multiple of 1K, >= 1MB)\n");
103 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XmxN (max heap, must be multiple of 1K, >= 2MB)\n");
104 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XssN (stack size, >= %dKB, <= %dKB)\n",
105 kMinStackSize / 1024, kMaxStackSize / 1024);
106 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xverify:{none,remote,all}\n");
107 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xrs\n");
108 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
110 " -Xint (extended to accept ':portable', ':fast' and ':jit')\n");
113 " -Xint (extended to accept ':portable' and ':fast')\n");
115 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
116 dvmFprintf(stderr, "These are unique to Dalvik:\n");
117 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xzygote\n");
118 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xdexopt:{none,verified,all,full}\n");
119 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xnoquithandler\n");
121 " -Xjnigreflimit:N (must be multiple of 100, >= 200)\n");
122 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjniopts:{warnonly,forcecopy}\n");
123 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjnitrace:substring (eg NativeClass or nativeMethod)\n");
124 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xstacktracefile:<filename>\n");
125 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgc:[no]precise\n");
126 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgc:[no]preverify\n");
127 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgc:[no]postverify\n");
128 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgc:[no]concurrent\n");
129 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xgc:[no]verifycardtable\n");
130 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -XX:+DisableExplicitGC\n");
131 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -X[no]genregmap\n");
132 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xverifyopt:[no]checkmon\n");
133 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xcheckdexsum\n");
134 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
135 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xincludeselectedop\n");
136 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitop:hexopvalue[-endvalue]"
137 "[,hexopvalue[-endvalue]]*\n");
138 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xincludeselectedmethod\n");
139 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitthreshold:decimalvalue\n");
140 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitblocking\n");
141 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitmethod:signature[,signature]* "
142 "(eg Ljava/lang/String\\;replace)\n");
143 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitclass:classname[,classname]*\n");
144 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitoffset:offset[,offset]\n");
145 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitconfig:filename\n");
146 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitcheckcg\n");
147 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitverbose\n");
148 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitprofile\n");
149 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitdisableopt\n");
150 dvmFprintf(stderr, " -Xjitsuspendpoll\n");
152 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
153 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Configured with:"
157 #ifdef WITH_TRACKREF_CHECKS
160 #ifdef WITH_INSTR_CHECKS
163 #ifdef WITH_EXTRA_OBJECT_VALIDATION
164 " extra_object_validation"
166 #ifdef WITH_EXTRA_GC_CHECKS
169 #if !defined(NDEBUG) && defined(WITH_DALVIK_ASSERT)
172 #ifdef WITH_JNI_STACK_CHECK
181 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
182 " jit(" ARCH_VARIANT ")"
184 #if defined(WITH_SELF_VERIFICATION)
191 #ifdef DVM_SHOW_EXCEPTION
192 dvmFprintf(stderr, " show_exception=%d", DVM_SHOW_EXCEPTION);
194 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
198 * Show helpful information on JDWP options.
200 static void showJdwpHelp()
203 "Example: -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y\n");
205 "Example: -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=localhost:6500,server=n\n");
209 * Show version and copyright info.
211 static void showVersion()
213 dvmFprintf(stdout, "DalvikVM version %d.%d.%d\n",
214 DALVIK_MAJOR_VERSION, DALVIK_MINOR_VERSION, DALVIK_BUG_VERSION);
216 "Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project\n\n"
217 "This software is built from source code licensed under the "
219 "Version 2.0 (the \"License\"). You may obtain a copy of the "
221 " http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n\n"
222 "See the associated NOTICE file for this software for further "
227 * Parse a string of the form /[0-9]+[kKmMgG]?/, which is used to specify
228 * memory sizes. [kK] indicates kilobytes, [mM] megabytes, and
231 * "s" should point just past the "-Xm?" part of the string.
232 * "min" specifies the lowest acceptable value described by "s".
233 * "div" specifies a divisor, e.g. 1024 if the value must be a multiple
236 * The spec says the -Xmx and -Xms options must be multiples of 1024. It
237 * doesn't say anything about -Xss.
239 * Returns 0 (a useless size) if "s" is malformed or specifies a low or
240 * non-evenly-divisible value.
242 static size_t parseMemOption(const char* s, size_t div)
244 /* strtoul accepts a leading [+-], which we don't want,
245 * so make sure our string starts with a decimal digit.
251 val = strtoul(s, (char* *)&s2, 10);
253 /* s2 should be pointing just after the number.
254 * If this is the end of the string, the user
255 * has specified a number of bytes. Otherwise,
256 * there should be exactly one more character
257 * that specifies a multiplier.
262 /* The remainder of the string is either a single multiplier
263 * character, or nothing to indicate that the value is in
272 } else if (c == 'k' || c == 'K') {
274 } else if (c == 'm' || c == 'M') {
276 } else if (c == 'g' || c == 'G') {
277 mul = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
279 /* Unknown multiplier character.
284 if (val <= SIZE_MAX / mul) {
287 /* Clamp to a multiple of 1024.
289 val = SIZE_MAX & ~(1024-1);
292 /* There's more than one character after the
299 /* The man page says that a -Xm value must be
300 * a multiple of 1024.
302 if (val % div == 0) {
312 * Handle one of the JDWP name/value pairs.
315 * help: if specified, show help message and bail
316 * transport: may be dt_socket or dt_shmem
317 * address: for dt_socket, "host:port", or just "port" when listening
318 * server: if "y", wait for debugger to attach; if "n", attach to debugger
319 * timeout: how long to wait for debugger to connect / listen
321 * Useful with server=n (these aren't supported yet):
322 * onthrow=<exception-name>: connect to debugger when exception thrown
323 * onuncaught=y|n: connect to debugger when uncaught exception thrown
324 * launch=<command-line>: launch the debugger itself
326 * The "transport" option is required, as is "address" if server=n.
328 static bool handleJdwpOption(const char* name, const char* value)
330 if (strcmp(name, "transport") == 0) {
331 if (strcmp(value, "dt_socket") == 0) {
332 gDvm.jdwpTransport = kJdwpTransportSocket;
333 } else if (strcmp(value, "dt_android_adb") == 0) {
334 gDvm.jdwpTransport = kJdwpTransportAndroidAdb;
336 ALOGE("JDWP transport '%s' not supported", value);
339 } else if (strcmp(name, "server") == 0) {
341 gDvm.jdwpServer = false;
342 else if (*value == 'y')
343 gDvm.jdwpServer = true;
345 ALOGE("JDWP option 'server' must be 'y' or 'n'");
348 } else if (strcmp(name, "suspend") == 0) {
350 gDvm.jdwpSuspend = false;
351 else if (*value == 'y')
352 gDvm.jdwpSuspend = true;
354 ALOGE("JDWP option 'suspend' must be 'y' or 'n'");
357 } else if (strcmp(name, "address") == 0) {
358 /* this is either <port> or <host>:<port> */
359 const char* colon = strchr(value, ':');
365 gDvm.jdwpHost = (char*) malloc(colon - value +1);
366 strncpy(gDvm.jdwpHost, value, colon - value +1);
367 gDvm.jdwpHost[colon-value] = '\0';
370 if (*value == '\0') {
371 ALOGE("JDWP address missing port");
374 port = strtol(value, &end, 10);
376 ALOGE("JDWP address has junk in port field '%s'", value);
379 gDvm.jdwpPort = port;
380 } else if (strcmp(name, "launch") == 0 ||
381 strcmp(name, "onthrow") == 0 ||
382 strcmp(name, "oncaught") == 0 ||
383 strcmp(name, "timeout") == 0)
385 /* valid but unsupported */
386 ALOGI("Ignoring JDWP option '%s'='%s'", name, value);
388 ALOGI("Ignoring unrecognized JDWP option '%s'='%s'", name, value);
395 * Parse the latter half of a -Xrunjdwp/-agentlib:jdwp= string, e.g.:
396 * "transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y,suspend=n"
398 static bool parseJdwpOptions(const char* str)
400 char* mangle = strdup(str);
405 * Process all of the name=value pairs.
411 value = strchr(name, '=');
413 ALOGE("JDWP opts: garbage at '%s'", name);
417 comma = strchr(name, ','); // use name, not value, for safety
420 ALOGE("JDWP opts: found comma before '=' in '%s'", mangle);
426 *value++ = '\0'; // stomp the '='
428 if (!handleJdwpOption(name, value))
439 * Make sure the combination of arguments makes sense.
441 if (gDvm.jdwpTransport == kJdwpTransportUnknown) {
442 ALOGE("JDWP opts: must specify transport");
445 if (!gDvm.jdwpServer && (gDvm.jdwpHost == NULL || gDvm.jdwpPort == 0)) {
446 ALOGE("JDWP opts: when server=n, must specify host and port");
449 // transport mandatory
450 // outbound server address
452 gDvm.jdwpConfigured = true;
461 * Handle one of the four kinds of assertion arguments.
463 * "pkgOrClass" is the last part of an enable/disable line. For a package
464 * the arg looks like "-ea:com.google.fubar...", for a class it looks
465 * like "-ea:com.google.fubar.Wahoo". The string we get starts at the ':'.
467 * For system assertions (-esa/-dsa), "pkgOrClass" is NULL.
469 * Multiple instances of these arguments can be specified, e.g. you can
470 * enable assertions for a package and then disable them for one class in
473 static bool enableAssertions(const char* pkgOrClass, bool enable)
475 AssertionControl* pCtrl = &gDvm.assertionCtrl[gDvm.assertionCtrlCount++];
476 pCtrl->enable = enable;
478 if (pkgOrClass == NULL) {
479 /* enable or disable for all system classes */
480 pCtrl->isPackage = false;
481 pCtrl->pkgOrClass = NULL;
482 pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
484 if (*pkgOrClass == '\0') {
485 /* global enable/disable for all but system */
486 pCtrl->isPackage = false;
487 pCtrl->pkgOrClass = strdup("");
488 pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
490 pCtrl->pkgOrClass = dvmDotToSlash(pkgOrClass+1); // skip ':'
491 if (pCtrl->pkgOrClass == NULL) {
492 /* can happen if class name includes an illegal '/' */
493 ALOGW("Unable to process assertion arg '%s'", pkgOrClass);
497 int len = strlen(pCtrl->pkgOrClass);
498 if (len >= 3 && strcmp(pCtrl->pkgOrClass + len-3, "///") == 0) {
499 /* mark as package, truncate two of the three slashes */
500 pCtrl->isPackage = true;
501 *(pCtrl->pkgOrClass + len-2) = '\0';
502 pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = len - 2;
505 pCtrl->isPackage = false;
506 pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = len;
515 * Turn assertions on when requested to do so by the Zygote.
517 * This is a bit sketchy. We can't (easily) go back and fiddle with all
518 * of the classes that have already been initialized, so this only
519 * affects classes that have yet to be loaded. If some or all assertions
520 * have been enabled through some other means, we don't want to mess with
521 * it here, so we do nothing. Finally, we assume that there's room in
522 * "assertionCtrl" to hold at least one entry; this is guaranteed by the
525 * This must only be called from the main thread during zygote init.
527 void dvmLateEnableAssertions()
529 if (gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL) {
530 ALOGD("Not late-enabling assertions: no assertionCtrl array");
532 } else if (gDvm.assertionCtrlCount != 0) {
533 ALOGD("Not late-enabling assertions: some asserts already configured");
536 ALOGD("Late-enabling assertions");
538 /* global enable for all but system */
539 AssertionControl* pCtrl = gDvm.assertionCtrl;
540 pCtrl->pkgOrClass = strdup("");
541 pCtrl->pkgOrClassLen = 0;
542 pCtrl->isPackage = false;
543 pCtrl->enable = true;
544 gDvm.assertionCtrlCount = 1;
549 * Release memory associated with the AssertionCtrl array.
551 static void freeAssertionCtrl()
555 for (i = 0; i < gDvm.assertionCtrlCount; i++)
556 free(gDvm.assertionCtrl[i].pkgOrClass);
557 free(gDvm.assertionCtrl);
560 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
561 /* Parse -Xjitop to selectively turn on/off certain opcodes for JIT */
562 static void processXjitop(const char* opt)
565 const char* startPtr = &opt[8];
569 long startValue, endValue;
571 startValue = strtol(startPtr, &endPtr, 16);
572 if (startPtr != endPtr) {
573 /* Just in case value is out of range */
574 startValue %= kNumPackedOpcodes;
576 if (*endPtr == '-') {
577 endValue = strtol(endPtr+1, &endPtr, 16);
578 endValue %= kNumPackedOpcodes;
580 endValue = startValue;
583 for (; startValue <= endValue; startValue++) {
584 ALOGW("Dalvik opcode %x is selected for debugging",
585 (unsigned int) startValue);
586 /* Mark the corresponding bit to 1 */
587 gDvmJit.opList[startValue >> 3] |= 1 << (startValue & 0x7);
594 startPtr = endPtr + 1;
600 "Warning: Unrecognized opcode value substring "
608 for (i = 0; i < (kNumPackedOpcodes+7)/8; i++) {
609 gDvmJit.opList[i] = 0xff;
611 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Warning: select all opcodes\n");
615 /* Parse -Xjitoffset to selectively turn on/off traces with certain offsets for JIT */
616 static void processXjitoffset(const char* opt) {
617 gDvmJit.num_entries_pcTable = 0;
618 char* buf = strdup(opt);
623 end = strchr(start, ',');
628 dvmFprintf(stderr, "processXjitoffset start = %s\n", start);
629 char* tmp = strdup(start);
630 gDvmJit.pcTable[idx++] = atoi(tmp);
632 if (idx >= COMPILER_PC_OFFSET_SIZE) {
633 dvmFprintf(stderr, "processXjitoffset: ignore entries beyond %d\n", COMPILER_PC_OFFSET_SIZE);
642 gDvmJit.num_entries_pcTable = idx;
646 /* Parse -Xjitmethod to selectively turn on/off certain methods for JIT */
647 static void processXjitmethod(const char* opt, bool isMethod) {
648 char* buf = strdup(opt);
650 if (isMethod && gDvmJit.methodTable == NULL) {
651 gDvmJit.methodTable = dvmHashTableCreate(8, NULL);
653 if (!isMethod && gDvmJit.classTable == NULL) {
654 gDvmJit.classTable = dvmHashTableCreate(8, NULL);
660 * Break comma-separated method signatures and enter them into the hash
661 * table individually.
666 end = strchr(start, ',');
671 hashValue = dvmComputeUtf8Hash(start);
672 dvmHashTableLookup(isMethod ? gDvmJit.methodTable : gDvmJit.classTable,
673 hashValue, strdup(start), (HashCompareFunc) strcmp, true);
684 /* The format of jit_config.list:
691 index ... //each pair is a range, if pcOff falls into a range, JIT
693 static int processXjitconfig(const char* opt) {
694 FILE* fp = fopen(opt, "r");
700 bool startClass = false, startMethod = false, startOffset = false;
701 gDvmJit.num_entries_pcTable = 0;
704 while (fgets(fLine, 500, fp) != NULL) {
705 char* curLine = strtok(fLine, " \t\r\n");
706 /* handles keyword CLASS, METHOD, INCLUDE, EXCLUDE */
707 if (!strncmp(curLine, "CLASS", 5)) {
713 if (!strncmp(curLine, "METHOD", 6)) {
719 if (!strncmp(curLine, "OFFSET", 6)) {
725 if (!strncmp(curLine, "EXCLUDE", 7)) {
726 gDvmJit.includeSelectedMethod = false;
729 if (!strncmp(curLine, "INCLUDE", 7)) {
730 gDvmJit.includeSelectedMethod = true;
733 if (!startMethod && !startClass && !startOffset) {
737 int hashValue = dvmComputeUtf8Hash(curLine);
739 if (gDvmJit.methodTable == NULL) {
740 gDvmJit.methodTable = dvmHashTableCreate(8, NULL);
742 dvmHashTableLookup(gDvmJit.methodTable, hashValue,
744 (HashCompareFunc) strcmp, true);
745 } else if (startClass) {
746 if (gDvmJit.classTable == NULL) {
747 gDvmJit.classTable = dvmHashTableCreate(8, NULL);
749 dvmHashTableLookup(gDvmJit.classTable, hashValue,
751 (HashCompareFunc) strcmp, true);
752 } else if (startOffset) {
753 int tmpInt = atoi(curLine);
754 gDvmJit.pcTable[idx++] = tmpInt;
755 if (idx >= COMPILER_PC_OFFSET_SIZE) {
756 printf("processXjitoffset: ignore entries beyond %d\n", COMPILER_PC_OFFSET_SIZE);
761 gDvmJit.num_entries_pcTable = idx;
768 * Process an argument vector full of options. Unlike standard C programs,
769 * argv[0] does not contain the name of the program.
771 * If "ignoreUnrecognized" is set, we ignore options starting with "-X" or "_"
772 * that we don't recognize. Otherwise, we return with an error as soon as
773 * we see anything we can't identify.
775 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure, and 1 for the special case of
776 * "-version" where we want to stop without showing an error message.
778 static int processOptions(int argc, const char* const argv[],
779 bool ignoreUnrecognized)
783 ALOGV("VM options (%d):", argc);
784 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
785 ALOGV(" %d: '%s'", i, argv[i]);
788 * Over-allocate AssertionControl array for convenience. If allocated,
789 * the array must be able to hold at least one entry, so that the
790 * zygote-time activation can do its business.
792 assert(gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL);
795 (AssertionControl*) malloc(sizeof(AssertionControl) * argc);
796 if (gDvm.assertionCtrl == NULL)
798 assert(gDvm.assertionCtrlCount == 0);
801 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
802 if (strcmp(argv[i], "-help") == 0) {
803 /* show usage and stop */
806 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-version") == 0) {
807 /* show version and stop */
810 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-showversion") == 0) {
811 /* show version and continue */
814 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-classpath") == 0 ||
815 strcmp(argv[i], "-cp") == 0)
819 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing classpath path list\n");
822 free(gDvm.classPathStr); /* in case we have compiled-in default */
823 gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(argv[++i]);
825 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xbootclasspath:",
826 sizeof("-Xbootclasspath:")-1) == 0)
828 /* set bootclasspath */
829 const char* path = argv[i] + sizeof("-Xbootclasspath:")-1;
832 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing bootclasspath path list\n");
835 free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
836 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(path);
838 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xbootclasspath/a:",
839 sizeof("-Xbootclasspath/a:")-1) == 0) {
840 const char* appPath = argv[i] + sizeof("-Xbootclasspath/a:")-1;
842 if (*(appPath) == '\0') {
843 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing appending bootclasspath path list\n");
848 if (asprintf(&allPath, "%s:%s", gDvm.bootClassPathStr, appPath) < 0) {
849 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Can't append to bootclasspath path list\n");
852 free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
853 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = allPath;
855 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xbootclasspath/p:",
856 sizeof("-Xbootclasspath/p:")-1) == 0) {
857 const char* prePath = argv[i] + sizeof("-Xbootclasspath/p:")-1;
859 if (*(prePath) == '\0') {
860 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Missing prepending bootclasspath path list\n");
865 if (asprintf(&allPath, "%s:%s", prePath, gDvm.bootClassPathStr) < 0) {
866 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Can't prepend to bootclasspath path list\n");
869 free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
870 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = allPath;
872 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-D", 2) == 0) {
873 /* Properties are handled in managed code. We just check syntax. */
874 if (strchr(argv[i], '=') == NULL) {
875 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Bad system property setting: \"%s\"\n",
879 gDvm.properties->push_back(argv[i] + 2);
881 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-jar") == 0) {
882 // TODO: handle this; name of jar should be in argv[i+1]
883 dvmFprintf(stderr, "-jar not yet handled\n");
886 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xms", 4) == 0) {
887 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1024);
889 if (val >= kMinHeapStartSize && val <= kMaxHeapSize) {
890 gDvm.heapStartingSize = val;
893 "Invalid -Xms '%s', range is %dKB to %dKB\n",
894 argv[i], kMinHeapStartSize/1024, kMaxHeapSize/1024);
898 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xms option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
901 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xmx", 4) == 0) {
902 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1024);
904 if (val >= kMinHeapSize && val <= kMaxHeapSize) {
905 gDvm.heapMaximumSize = val;
908 "Invalid -Xmx '%s', range is %dKB to %dKB\n",
909 argv[i], kMinHeapSize/1024, kMaxHeapSize/1024);
913 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xmx option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
916 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=", 20) == 0) {
917 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i] + 20, 1024);
919 gDvm.heapGrowthLimit = val;
921 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:HeapGrowthLimit option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
924 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:HeapMinFree=", 16) == 0) {
925 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i] + 16, 1024);
927 gDvm.heapMinFree = val;
929 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:HeapMinFree option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
932 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:HeapMaxFree=", 16) == 0) {
933 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i] + 16, 1024);
935 gDvm.heapMaxFree = val;
937 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:HeapMaxFree option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
940 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:HeapTargetUtilization=", 26) == 0) {
941 const char* start = argv[i] + 26;
942 const char* end = start;
943 double val = strtod(start, const_cast<char**>(&end));
944 // Ensure that we have a value, there was no cruft after it and it
945 // satisfies a sensible range.
946 bool sane_val = (start != end) && (end[0] == '\0') &&
947 (val >= 0.1) && (val <= 0.9);
949 gDvm.heapTargetUtilization = val;
951 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:HeapTargetUtilization option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
954 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xss", 4) == 0) {
955 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i]+4, 1);
957 if (val >= kMinStackSize && val <= kMaxStackSize) {
958 gDvm.stackSize = val;
959 if (val > gDvm.mainThreadStackSize) {
960 gDvm.mainThreadStackSize = val;
963 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xss '%s', range is %d to %d\n",
964 argv[i], kMinStackSize, kMaxStackSize);
968 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -Xss option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
972 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:mainThreadStackSize=", strlen("-XX:mainThreadStackSize=")) == 0) {
973 size_t val = parseMemOption(argv[i] + strlen("-XX:mainThreadStackSize="), 1);
975 if (val >= kMinStackSize && val <= kMaxStackSize) {
976 gDvm.mainThreadStackSize = val;
978 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:mainThreadStackSize '%s', range is %d to %d\n",
979 argv[i], kMinStackSize, kMaxStackSize);
983 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Invalid -XX:mainThreadStackSize option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
987 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-XX:+DisableExplicitGC", 22) == 0) {
988 gDvm.disableExplicitGc = true;
989 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose") == 0 ||
990 strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:class") == 0)
992 // JNI spec says "-verbose:gc,class" is valid, but cmd line
993 // doesn't work that way; may want to support.
994 gDvm.verboseClass = true;
995 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:jni") == 0) {
996 gDvm.verboseJni = true;
997 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:gc") == 0) {
998 gDvm.verboseGc = true;
999 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-verbose:shutdown") == 0) {
1000 gDvm.verboseShutdown = true;
1002 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-enableassertions", 17) == 0) {
1003 enableAssertions(argv[i] + 17, true);
1004 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-ea", 3) == 0) {
1005 enableAssertions(argv[i] + 3, true);
1006 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-disableassertions", 18) == 0) {
1007 enableAssertions(argv[i] + 18, false);
1008 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-da", 3) == 0) {
1009 enableAssertions(argv[i] + 3, false);
1010 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-enablesystemassertions") == 0 ||
1011 strcmp(argv[i], "-esa") == 0)
1013 enableAssertions(NULL, true);
1014 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-disablesystemassertions") == 0 ||
1015 strcmp(argv[i], "-dsa") == 0)
1017 enableAssertions(NULL, false);
1019 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xcheck:jni", 11) == 0) {
1020 /* nothing to do now -- was handled during JNI init */
1022 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xdebug") == 0) {
1023 /* accept but ignore */
1025 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xrunjdwp:", 10) == 0 ||
1026 strncmp(argv[i], "-agentlib:jdwp=", 15) == 0)
1030 if (argv[i][1] == 'X')
1031 tail = argv[i] + 10;
1033 tail = argv[i] + 15;
1035 if (strncmp(tail, "help", 4) == 0 || !parseJdwpOptions(tail)) {
1039 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xrs") == 0) {
1040 gDvm.reduceSignals = true;
1041 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xnoquithandler") == 0) {
1042 /* disables SIGQUIT handler thread while still blocking SIGQUIT */
1043 /* (useful if we don't want thread but system still signals us) */
1044 gDvm.noQuitHandler = true;
1045 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xzygote") == 0) {
1047 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
1048 gDvmJit.runningInAndroidFramework = true;
1050 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xdexopt:", 9) == 0) {
1051 if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "none") == 0)
1052 gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_NONE;
1053 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "verified") == 0)
1054 gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_VERIFIED;
1055 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "all") == 0)
1056 gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_ALL;
1057 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "full") == 0)
1058 gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_FULL;
1060 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized dexopt option '%s'\n",argv[i]);
1063 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xverify:", 9) == 0) {
1064 if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "none") == 0)
1065 gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_NONE;
1066 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "remote") == 0)
1067 gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_REMOTE;
1068 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 9, "all") == 0)
1069 gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_ALL;
1071 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized verify option '%s'\n",argv[i]);
1074 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjnigreflimit:", 15) == 0) {
1075 int lim = atoi(argv[i] + 15);
1076 if (lim < 200 || (lim % 100) != 0) {
1077 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Bad value for -Xjnigreflimit: '%s'\n",
1081 gDvm.jniGrefLimit = lim;
1082 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjnitrace:", 11) == 0) {
1083 gDvm.jniTrace = strdup(argv[i] + 11);
1084 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xlog-stdio") == 0) {
1085 gDvm.logStdio = true;
1087 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xint", 5) == 0) {
1088 if (argv[i][5] == ':') {
1089 if (strcmp(argv[i] + 6, "portable") == 0)
1090 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpPortable;
1091 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 6, "fast") == 0)
1092 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpFast;
1094 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 6, "jit") == 0)
1095 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeJit;
1099 "Warning: Unrecognized interpreter mode %s\n",argv[i]);
1103 /* disable JIT if it was enabled by default */
1104 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpFast;
1107 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xlockprofthreshold:", 20) == 0) {
1108 gDvm.lockProfThreshold = atoi(argv[i] + 20);
1111 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitop", 7) == 0) {
1112 processXjitop(argv[i]);
1113 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitmethod:", 12) == 0) {
1114 processXjitmethod(argv[i] + strlen("-Xjitmethod:"), true);
1115 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitclass:", 11) == 0) {
1116 processXjitmethod(argv[i] + strlen("-Xjitclass:"), false);
1117 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitoffset:", 12) == 0) {
1118 processXjitoffset(argv[i] + strlen("-Xjitoffset:"));
1119 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitconfig:", 12) == 0) {
1120 processXjitconfig(argv[i] + strlen("-Xjitconfig:"));
1121 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitblocking", 13) == 0) {
1122 gDvmJit.blockingMode = true;
1123 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitthreshold:", 15) == 0) {
1124 gDvmJit.threshold = atoi(argv[i] + 15);
1125 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xincludeselectedop", 19) == 0) {
1126 gDvmJit.includeSelectedOp = true;
1127 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xincludeselectedmethod", 23) == 0) {
1128 gDvmJit.includeSelectedMethod = true;
1129 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitcheckcg", 12) == 0) {
1130 gDvmJit.checkCallGraph = true;
1131 /* Need to enable blocking mode due to stack crawling */
1132 gDvmJit.blockingMode = true;
1133 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitdumpbin", 12) == 0) {
1134 gDvmJit.printBinary = true;
1135 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitverbose", 12) == 0) {
1136 gDvmJit.printMe = true;
1137 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitprofile", 12) == 0) {
1138 gDvmJit.profileMode = kTraceProfilingContinuous;
1139 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitdisableopt", 15) == 0) {
1140 /* Disable selected optimizations */
1141 if (argv[i][15] == ':') {
1142 sscanf(argv[i] + 16, "%x", &gDvmJit.disableOpt);
1143 /* Disable all optimizations */
1145 gDvmJit.disableOpt = -1;
1147 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xjitsuspendpoll", 16) == 0) {
1148 gDvmJit.genSuspendPoll = true;
1151 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xstacktracefile:", 17) == 0) {
1152 gDvm.stackTraceFile = strdup(argv[i]+17);
1154 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xgenregmap") == 0) {
1155 gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = true;
1156 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xnogenregmap") == 0) {
1157 gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = false;
1159 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "Xverifyopt:checkmon") == 0) {
1160 gDvm.monitorVerification = true;
1161 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "Xverifyopt:nocheckmon") == 0) {
1162 gDvm.monitorVerification = false;
1164 } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "-Xgc:", 5) == 0) {
1165 if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "precise") == 0)
1166 gDvm.preciseGc = true;
1167 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "noprecise") == 0)
1168 gDvm.preciseGc = false;
1169 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "preverify") == 0)
1170 gDvm.preVerify = true;
1171 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "nopreverify") == 0)
1172 gDvm.preVerify = false;
1173 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "postverify") == 0)
1174 gDvm.postVerify = true;
1175 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "nopostverify") == 0)
1176 gDvm.postVerify = false;
1177 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "concurrent") == 0)
1178 gDvm.concurrentMarkSweep = true;
1179 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "noconcurrent") == 0)
1180 gDvm.concurrentMarkSweep = false;
1181 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "verifycardtable") == 0)
1182 gDvm.verifyCardTable = true;
1183 else if (strcmp(argv[i] + 5, "noverifycardtable") == 0)
1184 gDvm.verifyCardTable = false;
1186 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Bad value for -Xgc");
1189 ALOGV("Precise GC configured %s", gDvm.preciseGc ? "ON" : "OFF");
1191 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xcheckdexsum") == 0) {
1192 gDvm.verifyDexChecksum = true;
1194 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xprofile:threadcpuclock") == 0) {
1195 gDvm.profilerClockSource = kProfilerClockSourceThreadCpu;
1196 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xprofile:wallclock") == 0) {
1197 gDvm.profilerClockSource = kProfilerClockSourceWall;
1198 } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-Xprofile:dualclock") == 0) {
1199 gDvm.profilerClockSource = kProfilerClockSourceDual;
1202 if (!ignoreUnrecognized) {
1203 dvmFprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized option '%s'\n", argv[i]);
1213 * Set defaults for fields altered or modified by arguments.
1215 * Globals are initialized to 0 (a/k/a NULL or false).
1217 static void setCommandLineDefaults()
1219 const char* envStr = getenv("CLASSPATH");
1220 if (envStr != NULL) {
1221 gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(envStr);
1223 gDvm.classPathStr = strdup(".");
1225 envStr = getenv("BOOTCLASSPATH");
1226 if (envStr != NULL) {
1227 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(envStr);
1229 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(".");
1232 gDvm.properties = new std::vector<std::string>();
1234 /* Defaults overridden by -Xms and -Xmx.
1235 * TODO: base these on a system or application-specific default
1237 gDvm.heapStartingSize = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // Spec says 16MB; too big for us.
1238 gDvm.heapMaximumSize = 16 * 1024 * 1024; // Spec says 75% physical mem
1239 gDvm.heapGrowthLimit = 0; // 0 means no growth limit
1240 gDvm.stackSize = kDefaultStackSize;
1241 gDvm.mainThreadStackSize = kDefaultStackSize;
1242 // When the heap is less than the maximum or growth limited size,
1243 // fix the free portion of the heap. The utilization is the ratio
1244 // of live to free memory, 0.5 implies half the heap is available
1245 // to allocate into before a GC occurs. Min free and max free
1246 // force the free memory to never be smaller than min free or
1247 // larger than max free.
1248 gDvm.heapTargetUtilization = 0.5;
1249 gDvm.heapMaxFree = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
1250 gDvm.heapMinFree = gDvm.heapMaxFree / 4;
1252 gDvm.concurrentMarkSweep = true;
1254 /* gDvm.jdwpSuspend = true; */
1256 /* allowed unless zygote config doesn't allow it */
1257 gDvm.jdwpAllowed = true;
1259 /* default verification and optimization modes */
1260 gDvm.classVerifyMode = VERIFY_MODE_ALL;
1261 gDvm.dexOptMode = OPTIMIZE_MODE_VERIFIED;
1262 gDvm.monitorVerification = false;
1263 gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = true;
1264 gDvm.registerMapMode = kRegisterMapModeTypePrecise;
1267 * Default execution mode.
1269 * This should probably interact with the mterp code somehow, e.g. if
1270 * we know we're using the "desktop" build we should probably be
1271 * using "portable" rather than "fast".
1273 #if defined(WITH_JIT)
1274 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeJit;
1275 gDvmJit.num_entries_pcTable = 0;
1276 gDvmJit.includeSelectedMethod = false;
1277 gDvmJit.includeSelectedOffset = false;
1278 gDvmJit.methodTable = NULL;
1279 gDvmJit.classTable = NULL;
1281 gDvm.constInit = false;
1282 gDvm.commonInit = false;
1284 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpFast;
1288 * SMP support is a compile-time define, but we may want to have
1289 * dexopt target a differently-configured device.
1291 gDvm.dexOptForSmp = (ANDROID_SMP != 0);
1294 * Default profiler configuration.
1296 gDvm.profilerClockSource = kProfilerClockSourceDual;
1301 * Handle a SIGBUS, which frequently occurs because somebody replaced an
1302 * optimized DEX file out from under us.
1304 static void busCatcher(int signum, siginfo_t* info, void* context)
1306 void* addr = info->si_addr;
1308 ALOGE("Caught a SIGBUS (%d), addr=%p", signum, addr);
1311 * If we return at this point the SIGBUS just keeps happening, so we
1312 * remove the signal handler and allow it to kill us. TODO: restore
1313 * the original, which points to a debuggerd stub; if we don't then
1314 * debuggerd won't be notified.
1316 signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
1320 * Configure signals. We need to block SIGQUIT so that the signal only
1321 * reaches the dump-stack-trace thread.
1323 * This can be disabled with the "-Xrs" flag.
1325 static void blockSignals()
1331 sigaddset(&mask, SIGQUIT);
1332 sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR1); // used to initiate heap dump
1333 #if defined(WITH_JIT) && defined(WITH_JIT_TUNING)
1334 sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR2); // used to investigate JIT internals
1336 //sigaddset(&mask, SIGPIPE);
1337 cc = sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);
1341 /* TODO: save the old sigaction in a global */
1342 struct sigaction sa;
1343 memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
1344 sa.sa_sigaction = busCatcher;
1345 sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO;
1346 cc = sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, NULL);
1351 class ScopedShutdown {
1353 ScopedShutdown() : armed_(true) {
1371 * VM initialization. Pass in any options provided on the command line.
1372 * Do not pass in the class name or the options for the class.
1374 * Returns 0 on success.
1376 std::string dvmStartup(int argc, const char* const argv[],
1377 bool ignoreUnrecognized, JNIEnv* pEnv)
1379 ScopedShutdown scopedShutdown;
1381 assert(gDvm.initializing);
1383 ALOGV("VM init args (%d):", argc);
1384 for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1385 ALOGV(" %d: '%s'", i, argv[i]);
1387 setCommandLineDefaults();
1390 * Process the option flags (if any).
1392 int cc = processOptions(argc, argv, ignoreUnrecognized);
1395 dvmFprintf(stderr, "\n");
1398 return "syntax error";
1401 #if WITH_EXTRA_GC_CHECKS > 1
1402 /* only "portable" interp has the extra goodies */
1403 if (gDvm.executionMode != kExecutionModeInterpPortable) {
1404 ALOGI("Switching to 'portable' interpreter for GC checks");
1405 gDvm.executionMode = kExecutionModeInterpPortable;
1409 /* Configure group scheduling capabilities */
1410 if (!access("/dev/cpuctl/tasks", F_OK)) {
1411 ALOGV("Using kernel group scheduling");
1412 gDvm.kernelGroupScheduling = 1;
1414 ALOGV("Using kernel scheduler policies");
1417 /* configure signal handling */
1418 if (!gDvm.reduceSignals)
1421 /* verify system page size */
1422 if (sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) != SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE) {
1423 return StringPrintf("expected page size %d, got %d",
1424 SYSTEM_PAGE_SIZE, (int) sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
1428 ALOGV("Using executionMode %d", gDvm.executionMode);
1429 dvmCheckAsmConstants();
1432 * Initialize components.
1434 dvmQuasiAtomicsStartup();
1435 if (!dvmAllocTrackerStartup()) {
1436 return "dvmAllocTrackerStartup failed";
1438 if (!dvmGcStartup()) {
1439 return "dvmGcStartup failed";
1441 if (!dvmThreadStartup()) {
1442 return "dvmThreadStartup failed";
1444 if (!dvmInlineNativeStartup()) {
1445 return "dvmInlineNativeStartup";
1447 if (!dvmRegisterMapStartup()) {
1448 return "dvmRegisterMapStartup failed";
1450 if (!dvmInstanceofStartup()) {
1451 return "dvmInstanceofStartup failed";
1453 if (!dvmClassStartup()) {
1454 return "dvmClassStartup failed";
1458 * At this point, the system is guaranteed to be sufficiently
1459 * initialized that we can look up classes and class members. This
1460 * call populates the gDvm instance with all the class and member
1461 * references that the VM wants to use directly.
1463 if (!dvmFindRequiredClassesAndMembers()) {
1464 return "dvmFindRequiredClassesAndMembers failed";
1467 if (!dvmStringInternStartup()) {
1468 return "dvmStringInternStartup failed";
1470 if (!dvmNativeStartup()) {
1471 return "dvmNativeStartup failed";
1473 if (!dvmInternalNativeStartup()) {
1474 return "dvmInternalNativeStartup failed";
1476 if (!dvmJniStartup()) {
1477 return "dvmJniStartup failed";
1479 if (!dvmProfilingStartup()) {
1480 return "dvmProfilingStartup failed";
1484 * Create a table of methods for which we will substitute an "inline"
1485 * version for performance.
1487 if (!dvmCreateInlineSubsTable()) {
1488 return "dvmCreateInlineSubsTable failed";
1492 * Miscellaneous class library validation.
1494 if (!dvmValidateBoxClasses()) {
1495 return "dvmValidateBoxClasses failed";
1499 * Do the last bits of Thread struct initialization we need to allow
1500 * JNI calls to work.
1502 if (!dvmPrepMainForJni(pEnv)) {
1503 return "dvmPrepMainForJni failed";
1507 * Explicitly initialize java.lang.Class. This doesn't happen
1508 * automatically because it's allocated specially (it's an instance
1509 * of itself). Must happen before registration of system natives,
1510 * which make some calls that throw assertions if the classes they
1511 * operate on aren't initialized.
1513 if (!dvmInitClass(gDvm.classJavaLangClass)) {
1514 return "couldn't initialized java.lang.Class";
1518 * Register the system native methods, which are registered through JNI.
1520 if (!registerSystemNatives(pEnv)) {
1521 return "couldn't register system natives";
1525 * Do some "late" initialization for the memory allocator. This may
1526 * allocate storage and initialize classes.
1528 if (!dvmCreateStockExceptions()) {
1529 return "dvmCreateStockExceptions failed";
1533 * At this point, the VM is in a pretty good state. Finish prep on
1534 * the main thread (specifically, create a java.lang.Thread object to go
1535 * along with our Thread struct). Note we will probably be executing
1536 * some interpreted class initializer code in here.
1538 if (!dvmPrepMainThread()) {
1539 return "dvmPrepMainThread failed";
1543 * Make sure we haven't accumulated any tracked references. The main
1544 * thread should be starting with a clean slate.
1546 if (dvmReferenceTableEntries(&dvmThreadSelf()->internalLocalRefTable) != 0)
1548 ALOGW("Warning: tracked references remain post-initialization");
1549 dvmDumpReferenceTable(&dvmThreadSelf()->internalLocalRefTable, "MAIN");
1552 /* general debugging setup */
1553 if (!dvmDebuggerStartup()) {
1554 return "dvmDebuggerStartup failed";
1557 if (!dvmGcStartupClasses()) {
1558 return "dvmGcStartupClasses failed";
1562 * Init for either zygote mode or non-zygote mode. The key difference
1563 * is that we don't start any additional threads in Zygote mode.
1566 if (!initZygote()) {
1567 return "initZygote failed";
1570 if (!dvmInitAfterZygote()) {
1571 return "dvmInitAfterZygote failed";
1578 ALOGE("dvmTestHash FAILED");
1579 if (false /*noisy!*/ && !dvmTestIndirectRefTable())
1580 ALOGE("dvmTestIndirectRefTable FAILED");
1583 if (dvmCheckException(dvmThreadSelf())) {
1584 dvmLogExceptionStackTrace();
1585 return "Exception pending at end of VM initialization";
1588 scopedShutdown.disarm();
1592 static void loadJniLibrary(const char* name) {
1593 std::string mappedName(StringPrintf(OS_SHARED_LIB_FORMAT_STR, name));
1594 char* reason = NULL;
1595 if (!dvmLoadNativeCode(mappedName.c_str(), NULL, &reason)) {
1596 ALOGE("dvmLoadNativeCode failed for \"%s\": %s", name, reason);
1602 * Register java.* natives from our class libraries. We need to do
1603 * this after we're ready for JNI registration calls, but before we
1604 * do any class initialization.
1606 * If we get this wrong, we will blow up in the ThreadGroup class init if
1607 * interpreted code makes any reference to System. It will likely do this
1608 * since it wants to do some java.io.File setup (e.g. for static in/out/err).
1610 * We need to have gDvm.initializing raised here so that JNI FindClass
1611 * won't try to use the system/application class loader.
1613 static bool registerSystemNatives(JNIEnv* pEnv)
1615 // Main thread is always first in list.
1616 Thread* self = gDvm.threadList;
1618 // Must set this before allowing JNI-based method registration.
1619 self->status = THREAD_NATIVE;
1621 // Most JNI libraries can just use System.loadLibrary, but you can't
1622 // if you're the library that implements System.loadLibrary!
1623 loadJniLibrary("javacore");
1624 loadJniLibrary("nativehelper");
1626 // Back to run mode.
1627 self->status = THREAD_RUNNING;
1634 * Do zygote-mode-only initialization.
1636 static bool initZygote()
1638 /* zygote goes into its own process group */
1641 // See storage config details at http://source.android.com/tech/storage/
1642 // Create private mount namespace shared by all children
1643 if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) == -1) {
1644 SLOGE("Failed to unshare(): %s", strerror(errno));
1648 // Mark rootfs as being a slave so that changes from default
1649 // namespace only flow into our children.
1650 if (mount("rootfs", "/", NULL, (MS_SLAVE | MS_REC), NULL) == -1) {
1651 SLOGE("Failed to mount() rootfs as MS_SLAVE: %s", strerror(errno));
1655 // Create a staging tmpfs that is shared by our children; they will
1656 // bind mount storage into their respective private namespaces, which
1657 // are isolated from each other.
1658 const char* target_base = getenv("EMULATED_STORAGE_TARGET");
1659 if (target_base != NULL) {
1660 if (mount("tmpfs", target_base, "tmpfs", MS_NOSUID | MS_NODEV,
1661 "uid=0,gid=1028,mode=0050") == -1) {
1662 SLOGE("Failed to mount tmpfs to %s: %s", target_base, strerror(errno));
1671 * Do non-zygote-mode initialization. This is done during VM init for
1672 * standard startup, or after a "zygote fork" when creating a new process.
1674 bool dvmInitAfterZygote()
1676 u8 startHeap, startQuit, startJdwp;
1677 u8 endHeap, endQuit, endJdwp;
1679 startHeap = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1682 * Post-zygote heap initialization, including starting
1683 * the HeapWorker thread.
1685 if (!dvmGcStartupAfterZygote())
1688 endHeap = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1689 startQuit = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1691 /* start signal catcher thread that dumps stacks on SIGQUIT */
1692 if (!gDvm.reduceSignals && !gDvm.noQuitHandler) {
1693 if (!dvmSignalCatcherStartup())
1697 /* start stdout/stderr copier, if requested */
1698 if (gDvm.logStdio) {
1699 if (!dvmStdioConverterStartup())
1703 endQuit = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1704 startJdwp = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1707 * Start JDWP thread. If the command-line debugger flags specified
1708 * "suspend=y", this will pause the VM. We probably want this to
1712 ALOGD("JDWP init failed; continuing anyway");
1715 endJdwp = dvmGetRelativeTimeUsec();
1717 ALOGV("thread-start heap=%d quit=%d jdwp=%d total=%d usec",
1718 (int)(endHeap-startHeap), (int)(endQuit-startQuit),
1719 (int)(endJdwp-startJdwp), (int)(endJdwp-startHeap));
1722 if (gDvm.executionMode == kExecutionModeJit) {
1723 if (!dvmCompilerStartup())
1732 * Prepare for a connection to a JDWP-compliant debugger.
1734 * Note this needs to happen fairly late in the startup process, because
1735 * we need to have all of the java.* native methods registered (which in
1736 * turn requires JNI to be fully prepped).
1738 * There are several ways to initialize:
1740 * We immediately try to connect to host:port. Bail on failure. On
1741 * success, send VM_START (suspending the VM if "suspend=y").
1742 * server=y suspend=n
1743 * Passively listen for a debugger to connect. Return immediately.
1744 * server=y suspend=y
1745 * Wait until debugger connects. Send VM_START ASAP, suspending the
1746 * VM after the message is sent.
1748 * This gets more complicated with a nonzero value for "timeout".
1750 static bool initJdwp()
1752 assert(!gDvm.zygote);
1755 * Init JDWP if the debugger is enabled. This may connect out to a
1756 * debugger, passively listen for a debugger, or block waiting for a
1759 if (gDvm.jdwpAllowed && gDvm.jdwpConfigured) {
1760 JdwpStartupParams params;
1762 if (gDvm.jdwpHost != NULL) {
1763 if (strlen(gDvm.jdwpHost) >= sizeof(params.host)-1) {
1764 ALOGE("ERROR: hostname too long: '%s'", gDvm.jdwpHost);
1767 strcpy(params.host, gDvm.jdwpHost);
1769 params.host[0] = '\0';
1771 params.transport = gDvm.jdwpTransport;
1772 params.server = gDvm.jdwpServer;
1773 params.suspend = gDvm.jdwpSuspend;
1774 params.port = gDvm.jdwpPort;
1776 gDvm.jdwpState = dvmJdwpStartup(¶ms);
1777 if (gDvm.jdwpState == NULL) {
1778 ALOGW("WARNING: debugger thread failed to initialize");
1779 /* TODO: ignore? fail? need to mimic "expected" behavior */
1784 * If a debugger has already attached, send the "welcome" message. This
1785 * may cause us to suspend all threads.
1787 if (dvmJdwpIsActive(gDvm.jdwpState)) {
1788 //dvmChangeStatus(NULL, THREAD_RUNNING);
1789 if (!dvmJdwpPostVMStart(gDvm.jdwpState, gDvm.jdwpSuspend)) {
1790 ALOGW("WARNING: failed to post 'start' message to debugger");
1793 //dvmChangeStatus(NULL, THREAD_NATIVE);
1800 * An alternative to JNI_CreateJavaVM/dvmStartup that does the first bit
1801 * of initialization and then returns with "initializing" still set. (Used
1802 * by DexOpt command-line utility.)
1804 * Attempting to use JNI or internal natives will fail. It's best
1805 * if no bytecode gets executed, which means no <clinit>, which means
1806 * no exception-throwing. (In practice we need to initialize Class and
1807 * Object, and probably some exception classes.)
1809 * Returns 0 on success.
1811 int dvmPrepForDexOpt(const char* bootClassPath, DexOptimizerMode dexOptMode,
1812 DexClassVerifyMode verifyMode, int dexoptFlags)
1814 gDvm.initializing = true;
1815 gDvm.optimizing = true;
1817 /* configure signal handling */
1820 /* set some defaults */
1821 setCommandLineDefaults();
1822 free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
1823 gDvm.bootClassPathStr = strdup(bootClassPath);
1825 /* set opt/verify modes */
1826 gDvm.dexOptMode = dexOptMode;
1827 gDvm.classVerifyMode = verifyMode;
1828 gDvm.generateRegisterMaps = (dexoptFlags & DEXOPT_GEN_REGISTER_MAPS) != 0;
1829 if (dexoptFlags & DEXOPT_SMP) {
1830 assert((dexoptFlags & DEXOPT_UNIPROCESSOR) == 0);
1831 gDvm.dexOptForSmp = true;
1832 } else if (dexoptFlags & DEXOPT_UNIPROCESSOR) {
1833 gDvm.dexOptForSmp = false;
1835 gDvm.dexOptForSmp = (ANDROID_SMP != 0);
1839 * Initialize the heap, some basic thread control mutexes, and
1840 * get the bootclasspath prepped.
1842 * We can't load any classes yet because we may not yet have a source
1843 * for things like java.lang.Object and java.lang.Class.
1845 if (!dvmGcStartup())
1847 if (!dvmThreadStartup())
1849 if (!dvmInlineNativeStartup())
1851 if (!dvmRegisterMapStartup())
1853 if (!dvmInstanceofStartup())
1855 if (!dvmClassStartup())
1859 * We leave gDvm.initializing set to "true" so that, if we're not
1860 * able to process the "core" classes, we don't go into a death-spin
1861 * trying to throw a "class not found" exception.
1873 * All threads have stopped. Finish the shutdown procedure.
1875 * We can also be called if startup fails partway through, so be prepared
1876 * to deal with partially initialized data.
1878 * Free any storage allocated in gGlobals.
1880 * We can't dlclose() shared libs we've loaded, because it's possible a
1881 * thread not associated with the VM is running code in one.
1883 * This is called from the JNI DestroyJavaVM function, which can be
1884 * called from any thread. (In practice, this will usually run in the
1885 * same thread that started the VM, a/k/a the main thread, but we don't
1886 * want to assume that.)
1890 ALOGV("VM shutting down");
1892 if (CALC_CACHE_STATS)
1893 dvmDumpAtomicCacheStats(gDvm.instanceofCache);
1896 * Stop our internal threads.
1898 dvmGcThreadShutdown();
1900 if (gDvm.jdwpState != NULL)
1901 dvmJdwpShutdown(gDvm.jdwpState);
1902 free(gDvm.jdwpHost);
1903 gDvm.jdwpHost = NULL;
1904 free(gDvm.jniTrace);
1905 gDvm.jniTrace = NULL;
1906 free(gDvm.stackTraceFile);
1907 gDvm.stackTraceFile = NULL;
1909 /* tell signal catcher to shut down if it was started */
1910 dvmSignalCatcherShutdown();
1912 /* shut down stdout/stderr conversion */
1913 dvmStdioConverterShutdown();
1916 if (gDvm.executionMode == kExecutionModeJit) {
1917 /* shut down the compiler thread */
1918 dvmCompilerShutdown();
1923 * Kill any daemon threads that still exist. Actively-running threads
1924 * are likely to crash the process if they continue to execute while
1925 * the VM shuts down.
1929 if (gDvm.verboseShutdown)
1930 ALOGD("VM cleaning up");
1932 dvmDebuggerShutdown();
1933 dvmProfilingShutdown();
1935 dvmStringInternShutdown();
1936 dvmThreadShutdown();
1938 dvmRegisterMapShutdown();
1939 dvmInstanceofShutdown();
1940 dvmInlineNativeShutdown();
1942 dvmAllocTrackerShutdown();
1944 /* these must happen AFTER dvmClassShutdown has walked through class data */
1945 dvmNativeShutdown();
1946 dvmInternalNativeShutdown();
1948 dvmFreeInlineSubsTable();
1950 free(gDvm.bootClassPathStr);
1951 free(gDvm.classPathStr);
1952 delete gDvm.properties;
1954 freeAssertionCtrl();
1956 dvmQuasiAtomicsShutdown();
1959 * We want valgrind to report anything we forget to free as "definitely
1960 * lost". If there's a pointer in the global chunk, it would be reported
1961 * as "still reachable". Erasing the memory fixes this.
1963 * This must be erased to zero if we want to restart the VM within this
1966 memset(&gDvm, 0xcd, sizeof(gDvm));
1971 * fprintf() wrapper that calls through the JNI-specified vfprintf hook if
1972 * one was specified.
1974 int dvmFprintf(FILE* fp, const char* format, ...)
1979 va_start(args, format);
1980 if (gDvm.vfprintfHook != NULL)
1981 result = (*gDvm.vfprintfHook)(fp, format, args);
1983 result = vfprintf(fp, format, args);
1990 #include <execinfo.h>
1992 * glibc-only stack dump function. Requires link with "--export-dynamic".
1994 * TODO: move this into libs/cutils and make it work for all platforms.
1996 void dvmPrintNativeBackTrace()
1998 size_t MAX_STACK_FRAMES = 64;
1999 void* stackFrames[MAX_STACK_FRAMES];
2000 size_t frameCount = backtrace(stackFrames, MAX_STACK_FRAMES);
2003 * TODO: in practice, we may find that we should use backtrace_symbols_fd
2004 * to avoid allocation, rather than use our own custom formatting.
2006 char** strings = backtrace_symbols(stackFrames, frameCount);
2007 if (strings == NULL) {
2008 ALOGE("backtrace_symbols failed: %s", strerror(errno));
2013 for (i = 0; i < frameCount; ++i) {
2014 ALOGW("#%-2d %s", i, strings[i]);
2019 void dvmPrintNativeBackTrace() {
2020 /* Hopefully, you're on an Android device and debuggerd will do this. */
2025 * Abort the VM. We get here on fatal errors. Try very hard not to use
2026 * this; whenever possible, return an error to somebody responsible.
2031 * Leave gDvm.lastMessage on the stack frame which can be decoded in the
2032 * tombstone file. This is for situations where we only have tombstone files
2033 * but no logs (ie b/5372634).
2035 * For example, in the tombstone file you usually see this:
2037 * #00 pc 00050ef2 /system/lib/libdvm.so (dvmAbort)
2038 * #01 pc 00077670 /system/lib/libdvm.so (_Z15dvmClassStartupv)
2043 * #00 beed2658 00000000
2053 * The ascii values between beed265c and beed2674 belongs to messageBuffer
2054 * and it can be decoded as "/system/framework/core.jar".
2056 const int messageLength = 512;
2057 char messageBuffer[messageLength] = {0};
2060 snprintf(messageBuffer, messageLength, "%s", gDvm.lastMessage);
2062 /* So that messageBuffer[] looks like useful stuff to the compiler */
2063 for (int i = 0; i < messageLength && messageBuffer[i]; i++) {
2064 result += messageBuffer[i];
2067 ALOGE("VM aborting");
2069 fflush(NULL); // flush all open file buffers
2071 /* JNI-supplied abort hook gets right of first refusal */
2072 if (gDvm.abortHook != NULL)
2073 (*gDvm.abortHook)();
2076 * On the device, debuggerd will give us a stack trace.
2077 * On the host, we have to help ourselves.
2079 dvmPrintNativeBackTrace();
2082 * If we call abort(), all threads in the process receives a SIBABRT.
2083 * debuggerd dumps the stack trace of the main thread, whether or not
2084 * that was the thread that failed.
2086 * By stuffing a value into a bogus address, we cause a segmentation
2087 * fault in the current thread, and get a useful log from debuggerd.
2088 * We can also trivially tell the difference between a VM crash and
2089 * a deliberate abort by looking at the fault address.
2091 *((char*)0xdeadd00d) = result;