=== Hengband Commands === Hengband commands are entered as an "underlying command" (a single key) plus a variety of optional or required arguments. You may choose how the "keyboard keys" are mapped to the "underlying commands" by choosing one of two standard "keynotes", the "original" keyset or the "roguelike" keyset. For beginners, Hengband provides the unified command menu that is very easy to use, and can do every thing only with cursor keys, enter key and escape key. Simply press Enter to show up the command menu. The command menu can be disable/enabled by the option 'command_menu'. The original keyset is very similar to the "underlying" command set, with a few additions (such as the ability to use the numeric "directions" to "walk" or the "5" key to "stay still"). The roguelike keyset provides similar additions, and also allows the use of the h/j/k/l/y/u/b/n keys to "walk" (or, in combination with the shift or control keys, to run or tunnel), which thus requires a variety of key mappings to allow access to the underlying commands used for walking, running and tunneling. In particular, the "roguelike" keyset includes many more "capital" and "control" keys, as shown below. Note that any keys that are not required for access to the underlying command set may be used by the user as "command macro" triggers (see below). You may always specify any "underlying command" directly by pressing backslash ("\") plus the "underlying command" key. This is normally only used in "macro" definitions. You may often enter "control-keys" as a caret ("^") plus the key (so "^" + "p" often yields "^P"). Some commands allow an optional "repeat count", which allows you to tell the game that you wish to do the command multiple times, unless you press a key or are otherwise disturbed. To enter a "repeat count", type '0', followed by the numerical count, followed by the command. You must type "space" before entering certain commands. Skipping the numerical count yields a count of 99. An option allows certain commands (open, disarm, tunnel, etc) to auto-repeat. Some commands will prompt for extra information, such as a direction, an inventory or equipment item, a spell, a textual inscription, the symbol of a monster race, a sub-command, a verification, an amount of time, a quantity, a file name, or various other things. Normally you can hit return to choose the "default" response, or escape to cancel the command entirely. Some commands will prompt for a spell or an inventory item. Pressing space (or '*') will give you a list of choices. Pressing "-" (minus) selects the item on the floor. Pressing a lowercase letter selects the given item. Pressing a capital letter selects the given item after verification. Pressing a numeric digit '#' selects the first item (if any) whose inscription contains "@#" or "@x#", where "x" is the current "underlying command". You may only specify items which are "legal" for the command. Whenever an item inscription contains "!*" or "!x" (with "x" as above) you must verify its selection. In Hengband, there are items which occasionally teleport you away, asking for permission first. The recurring "Teleport (y/n)?" can be annoying, and this behavior can be eliminated by inscribing the object which causes the teleportation with "." (or any inscription containing the character "."). With this inscription, the object will no longer teleport you around nor keep asking you. If you want to restore the teleport ability to the object, just remove the "." from its inscription. Note that cursed items which teleport you are unaffected by the inscription. Some commands will prompt for a direction. You may enter a "compass" direction using any of the "direction keys" shown below. Sometimes, you may specify that you wish to use the current "target", by pressing "t" or "5", or that you wish to select a new target, by pressing "*" (see "Target" below). Each of the standard keysets provides some short-cuts over the "underlying commands". For example, both keysets allow you to "walk" by simply pressing an "original" direction key (or a "roguelike" direction key if you are using the roguelike keyset), instead of using the "walk" command plus a direction. The roguelike keyset allows you to "run" or "tunnel" by simply holding the shift or control modifier key down while pressing a "roguelike" direction key, instead of using the "run" or "tunnel" command plus a direction. Both keysets allow the use of the "5" key to "stand still", which is most convenient when using the original keyset. Note that on many systems, it is possible to define "macros" (or "command macros") to various keys, or key combinations, so that it is often possible to make macros which, for example, allow the use of the shift or control modifier keys, plus a numeric keypad key, to specify the "run" or "tunnel" command, with the given direction, regardless of any keymap definitions, by using the fact that you can always, for example, use "\" + "." + "6", to specify "run east". ***** === Original Keyset === Original Keyset Directions 7 8 9 4 6 1 2 3 a Aim a wand A Activate an equipment b Browse magic list B Bash a door c Close a door C Character description d Drop an item D Disarm a trap e Equipment list E Eat some food f Fire an item F Fuel your lantern/torch g Stay still (flip pickup) G Gain new spells/prayers h (unused) H (unused) i Inventory list I Observe an item j Jam a door J (unused) k Destroy an item K (unused) l Look around L Locate player on map m Cast a spell / use mental power M Full dungeon map n Repeat last command N (unused) o Open a door or chest O (unused) p Command your pets P (unused) q Quaff a potion Q Quit (commit suicide) r Read a scroll R Rest for a period s Search for traps/doors S Toggle search mode t Take off equipment T Dig a tunnel u Use a staff U Use bonus power (if any) v Throw an item V Version info w Wear/wield equipment W (unused) x (unused) X (unused) y (unused) Y (unused) z Zap a rod Z (unused) ! (unused) ^A (special - wizard command) @ Interact with macros ^B (unused) # (unused) ^C (special - break) $ Reload Auto-picker pref ^D (unused) % Interact with visuals ^E Toggle choice window ^ (special - control key) ^F Repeat level feeling & Interact with colors ^G (unused) * Target monster or location ^H (unused) ( Load screen dump ^I (special - tab) ) Dump screen dump ^J (special - linefeed) { Inscribe an object ^K (unused) } Uninscribe an object ^L (unused) [ (unused) ^M (special - return) ] (unused) ^N (unused) - Walk (flip pickup) ^O (unused) _ Edit auto-picker/destroyer pref ^P Show previous messages + Alter grid ^Q Display quest info = Set options ^R Redraw the screen ; Walk (with pickup) ^S Save and don't quit : Take notes ^T Display game time ' (unused) ^U (unused) " Enter a user pref command ^V Output rand artifacts list , Stay still (with pickup) ^W (special - wizard mode) < Go up staircase (Enter global map) ^X Save and quit . Run ^Y (unused) > Go down staircase(Enter normal map) ^Z (special - borg command) \ (special - bypass keymap) | Check play record ` (special - escape) ~ Check various information / Identify symbol ? Help ***** === Roguelike Keyset === Roguelike Keyset Directions y k u h l b j n a Zap a rod (Activate) A Activate an artifact b (walk - south west) B (run - south west) c Close a door C Character description d Drop an item D Disarm a trap or chest e Equipment list E Eat some food f Bash a door (force) F Fuel your lantern/torch g Stay still (flip pickup) G Gain new spells/prayers h (walk - west) H (run - west) i Inventory list I Observe an item j (walk - south) J (run - south) k (walk - north) K (run - north) l (walk - east) L (run - east) m Spell casting / mental power M Full dungeon map n (walk - south east) N (run - south east) o Open a door or chest O Use bonus power (if any) p Command your pets P Browse magic list q Quaff a potion Q Quit (commit suicide) r Read a scroll R Rest for a period s Search for traps/doors S Jam a door (Spike) t Fire an item T Take off equipment u (walk - north east) U (run - north east) v Throw an item V Version info w Wear/wield equipment W Locate player on map x Look around X (unused) y (walk - north west) Y (run - north west) z Aim a wand (Zap) Z Use a staff (Zap) ! (unused) ^A (special - wizard command) @ Interact with macros ^B (tunnel - south west) # Toggle search mode ^C (special - break) $ Reload Auto-picker pref ^D Destroy item % Interact with visuals ^E Toggle choice window ^ (special - control key) ^F Repeat level feeling & Interact with colors ^G (unused) * Target monster or location ^H (tunnel - west) ( Load screen dump ^I (special - tab) ) Dump screen dump ^J (tunnel - south) { Inscribe an object ^K (tunnel - north) } Uninscribe an object ^L (tunnel - east) [ Repeat last command ^M (tunnel - south) ] (unused) ^N (tunnel - south east) - Walk (flip pickup) ^O (unused) _ Edit auto-picker/destroyer pref ^P Show previous messages + Alter grid ^Q Display quest info = Set options ^R Redraw the screen ; Walk (with pickup) ^S Save and don't quit : Take notes ^T Dig a Tunnel ' Display game time ^U (tunnel - north east) " Enter a user pref command ^V Output rand artifacts list , Run ^W (special - wizard mode) < Go up staircase (Enter global map) ^X Save and quit . Stay still (with pickup) ^Y (tunnel - north west) > Go down staircase(Enter normal map) ^Z (unused) \ (special - bypass keymap) | Check play record ` (special - escape) ~ Check various information / Identify symbol ? Help ***** === Special Keys === Certain special keys may be intercepted by the operating system or the host machine, causing unexpected results. In general, these special keys are control keys, and often, you can disable their special effects. If you are playing on a UNIX or similar system, then Ctrl-C will interrupt Hengband. The second and third interrupt will induce a warning bell, and the fourth will induce both a warning bell and a special message, since the fifth will quit the game, after killing your character. Also, Ctrl-Z will suspend the game, and return you to the original command shell, until you resume the game with the "fg" command. There is now a compilation option to force the game to prevent the "double ctrl-z escape death trick". The Ctrl-\ and Ctrl-D and Ctrl-S keys should not be intercepted. It is often possible to specify "control-keys" without actually pressing the control key, by typing a caret ("^") followed by the key. This is useful for specifying control-key commands which might be caught by the operating system as explained above. Pressing backslash ("\") before a command will bypass all keymaps, and the next keypress will be interpreted as an "underlying command" key, unless it is a caret ("^"), in which case the keypress after that will be turned into a control-key and interpreted as a command in the underlying Hengband keyset. The backslash key is useful for creating macro actions which are not affected by any keymap definitions that may be in force, for example, the sequence "\" + "." + "6" will always mean "run east", even if the "." key has been mapped to a different underlying command. The "0" and "^" and "\" keys all have special meaning when entered at the command prompt, and there is no "useful" way to specify any of them as an "underlying command", which is okay, since they would have no effect. For many input requests or queries, the special character ESCAPE will abort the command. The "[y/n]" prompts may be answered with "y" or "n", or escape. The "-more-" message prompts may be cleared (after reading the displayed message) by pressing ESCAPE, SPACE, RETURN, LINEFEED, or by any keypress, if the "quick_messages" option is turned on. ***** === Command Counts === Some commands can be executed a fixed number of times by preceding them with a count. Counted commands will execute until the count expires, until you type any character, or until something significant happens, such as being attacked. Thus, a counted command doesn't work to attack another creature. While the command is being repeated, the number of times left to be repeated will flash by on the line at the bottom of the screen. To give a count to a command, type 0, the repeat count, and then the command. If you want to give a movement command and you are using the original command set (where the movement commands are digits), press space after the count and you will be prompted for the command. Counted commands are very useful for searching or tunneling, as they automatically terminate on success, or if you are attacked. You may also terminate any counted command (or resting or running), by typing any character. This character is ignored, but it is safest to use a SPACE or ESCAPE which are always ignored as commands in case you type the command just after the count expires. You can tell Hengband to automatically use a repeat count of 99 with commands you normally want to repeat (open, disarm, tunnel, bash, alter, etc) by setting the "always_repeat" option. ***** === Selection of Objects === Many commands will also prompt for a particular object to be used. For example, the command to read a scroll will ask you which of the scrolls that you are carrying that you wish to read. In such cases, the selection is made by typing a letter of the alphabet. The prompt will indicate the possible letters, and will also allow you to type the key "*", which causes all of the available options to be described. The list of choices will also be shown in the Choice window, if you are using a windows environment and windows are turned on. Often you will be able to press "/" to select an object from your equipment instead of your inventory. Pressing space once will have the same effect as "*", and the second time will cancel the command and run the "i" or "e" command. The particular object may be selected by an upper case or a lower case letter. If lower case is used, the selection takes place immediately. If upper case is used, then the particular option is described, and you are given the option of confirming or retracting that choice. Upper case selection is thus safer, but requires an extra key stroke. Also see the "!*" and "!x" inscriptions, below. For many commands, you can also use "-" to select an object on the floor where you are standing. This lets you read scrolls or quaff potions, for example, off the dungeon floor without picking them up. If you enter a number between 0 and 9, the first item engraved with "@#" where "#" is the number you entered will be selected. For example, if you have a shovel engraved with "@0" and you type "w" (for wield) and then 0, you will wield the shovel. This is very useful for macros (see below), since you can use this to select an object regardless of its location in your pack. For example, Hengband automatically defines a macro for the key "X" to do "w0". If you then engrave both your digging instrument and your primary weapon with @0, pressing X will wield whichever one is not being currently wielded (letting you quickly switch between them). Multiple numbers can be engraved on the same object; for example, if a sword is engraved with @1@0, then either "w1" or "w0" will wield it. Normally, you inscribe "@1@0" on your primary weapon, and "@2@0" on your digger or secondary weapon. Note that an inscription containing "@x#" will act like "@#" but only when the current "Hengband command" is "x". Thus you can put "@z4" on a rod and "@u4" on a staff, and then use both "z4" and "u4" as desired. Note that any object containing "!x" in its inscription, where "x" is the current "Hengband command" (or containing "!*" ever) will induce "verification" whenever that object is "selected". Thus, inscribing, say, "!f!k!d" on an object will greatly reduce the odds of you "losing" it by accident, and inscribing "!*" on an object will allow you to be very paranoid about the object. Note that "selling" and "dropping" both use the "d" command. -- Original : Alexander Cutler and Andy Astrand Updated : (2.7.6) by Russ Allbery (rra@cs.stanford.edu) Updated : (2.7.9) by Ben Harrison (benh@phial.com) Updated : Zangband 2.2.0 through 2.2.6c by Robert Ruehlmann Updated : Zangband DevTeam Updated : Hengband 1.0.11