+ error_setg(errp, "temporary iova range not found");
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * qemu_vfio_water_mark_reached:
+ *
+ * Returns %true if high watermark has been reached, %false otherwise.
+ */
+static bool qemu_vfio_water_mark_reached(QEMUVFIOState *s, size_t size,
+ Error **errp)
+{
+ if (s->high_water_mark - s->low_water_mark + 1 < size) {
+ error_setg(errp, "iova exhausted (water mark reached)");
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;