OSDN Git Service

Revert "tests/avocado: Enable reverse_debugging.py tests in gitlab CI"
[qmiga/qemu.git] / blockdev.c
index d6550e0..4c1177e 100644 (file)
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "sysemu/blockdev.h"
 #include "hw/block/block.h"
 #include "block/blockjob.h"
+#include "block/dirty-bitmap.h"
 #include "block/qdict.h"
 #include "block/throttle-groups.h"
 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
@@ -152,12 +153,22 @@ void blockdev_mark_auto_del(BlockBackend *blk)
 
     JOB_LOCK_GUARD();
 
-    for (job = block_job_next_locked(NULL); job;
-         job = block_job_next_locked(job)) {
-        if (block_job_has_bdrv(job, blk_bs(blk))) {
+    do {
+        job = block_job_next_locked(NULL);
+        while (job && (job->job.cancelled ||
+                       job->job.deferred_to_main_loop ||
+                       !block_job_has_bdrv(job, blk_bs(blk))))
+        {
+            job = block_job_next_locked(job);
+        }
+        if (job) {
+            /*
+             * This drops the job lock temporarily and polls, so we need to
+             * restart processing the list from the start after this.
+             */
             job_cancel_locked(&job->job, false);
         }
-    }
+    } while (job);
 
     dinfo->auto_del = 1;
 }
@@ -244,13 +255,13 @@ void drive_check_orphaned(void)
          * Ignore default drives, because we create certain default
          * drives unconditionally, then leave them unclaimed.  Not the
          * users fault.
-         * Ignore IF_VIRTIO, because it gets desugared into -device,
-         * so we can leave failing to -device.
+         * Ignore IF_VIRTIO or IF_XEN, because it gets desugared into
+         * -device, so we can leave failing to -device.
          * Ignore IF_NONE, because leaving unclaimed IF_NONE remains
          * available for device_add is a feature.
          */
         if (dinfo->is_default || dinfo->type == IF_VIRTIO
-            || dinfo->type == IF_NONE) {
+            || dinfo->type == IF_XEN || dinfo->type == IF_NONE) {
             continue;
         }
         if (!blk_get_attached_dev(blk)) {
@@ -330,10 +341,10 @@ static bool parse_stats_intervals(BlockAcctStats *stats, QList *intervals,
         switch (qobject_type(entry->value)) {
 
         case QTYPE_QSTRING: {
-            unsigned long long length;
+            uint64_t length;
             const char *str = qstring_get_str(qobject_to(QString,
                                                          entry->value));
-            if (parse_uint_full(str, &length, 10) == 0 &&
+            if (parse_uint_full(str, 10, &length) == 0 &&
                 length > 0 && length <= UINT_MAX) {
                 block_acct_add_interval(stats, (unsigned) length);
             } else {
@@ -651,6 +662,7 @@ err_no_opts:
 /* Takes the ownership of bs_opts */
 BlockDriverState *bds_tree_init(QDict *bs_opts, Error **errp)
 {
+    BlockDriverState *bs;
     int bdrv_flags = 0;
 
     GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
@@ -665,7 +677,11 @@ BlockDriverState *bds_tree_init(QDict *bs_opts, Error **errp)
         bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
     }
 
-    return bdrv_open(NULL, NULL, bs_opts, bdrv_flags, errp);
+    aio_context_acquire(qemu_get_aio_context());
+    bs = bdrv_open(NULL, NULL, bs_opts, bdrv_flags, errp);
+    aio_context_release(qemu_get_aio_context());
+
+    return bs;
 }
 
 void blockdev_close_all_bdrv_states(void)
@@ -961,6 +977,15 @@ DriveInfo *drive_new(QemuOpts *all_opts, BlockInterfaceType block_default_type,
         qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver", "virtio-blk", &error_abort);
         qemu_opt_set(devopts, "drive", qdict_get_str(bs_opts, "id"),
                      &error_abort);
+    } else if (type == IF_XEN) {
+        QemuOpts *devopts;
+        devopts = qemu_opts_create(qemu_find_opts("device"), NULL, 0,
+                                   &error_abort);
+        qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver",
+                     (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "xen-cdrom" : "xen-disk",
+                     &error_abort);
+        qemu_opt_set(devopts, "drive", qdict_get_str(bs_opts, "id"),
+                     &error_abort);
     }
 
     filename = qemu_opt_get(legacy_opts, "file");
@@ -1023,6 +1048,9 @@ fail:
 static BlockDriverState *qmp_get_root_bs(const char *name, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockDriverState *bs;
+    AioContext *aio_context;
+
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
 
     bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(name, name, errp);
     if (bs == NULL) {
@@ -1034,11 +1062,16 @@ static BlockDriverState *qmp_get_root_bs(const char *name, Error **errp)
         return NULL;
     }
 
+    aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
+    aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
+
     if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) {
         error_setg(errp, "Device has no medium");
-        return NULL;
+        bs = NULL;
     }
 
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
+
     return bs;
 }
 
@@ -1048,26 +1081,20 @@ static void blockdev_do_action(TransactionAction *action, Error **errp)
 
     list.value = action;
     list.next = NULL;
-    qmp_transaction(&list, false, NULL, errp);
+    qmp_transaction(&list, NULL, errp);
 }
 
-void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(bool has_device, const char *device,
-                                bool has_node_name, const char *node_name,
+void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(const char *device, const char *node_name,
                                 const char *snapshot_file,
-                                bool has_snapshot_node_name,
                                 const char *snapshot_node_name,
-                                bool has_format, const char *format,
+                                const char *format,
                                 bool has_mode, NewImageMode mode, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockdevSnapshotSync snapshot = {
-        .has_device = has_device,
         .device = (char *) device,
-        .has_node_name = has_node_name,
         .node_name = (char *) node_name,
         .snapshot_file = (char *) snapshot_file,
-        .has_snapshot_node_name = has_snapshot_node_name,
         .snapshot_node_name = (char *) snapshot_node_name,
-        .has_format = has_format,
         .format = (char *) format,
         .has_mode = has_mode,
         .mode = mode,
@@ -1109,9 +1136,7 @@ void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_internal_sync(const char *device,
 }
 
 SnapshotInfo *qmp_blockdev_snapshot_delete_internal_sync(const char *device,
-                                                         bool has_id,
                                                          const char *id,
-                                                         bool has_name,
                                                          const char *name,
                                                          Error **errp)
 {
@@ -1122,6 +1147,9 @@ SnapshotInfo *qmp_blockdev_snapshot_delete_internal_sync(const char *device,
     SnapshotInfo *info = NULL;
     int ret;
 
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     bs = qmp_get_root_bs(device, errp);
     if (!bs) {
         return NULL;
@@ -1129,14 +1157,6 @@ SnapshotInfo *qmp_blockdev_snapshot_delete_internal_sync(const char *device,
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
     aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
 
-    if (!has_id) {
-        id = NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (!has_name) {
-        name = NULL;
-    }
-
     if (!id && !name) {
         error_setg(errp, "Name or id must be provided");
         goto out_aio_context;
@@ -1187,79 +1207,22 @@ out_aio_context:
     return NULL;
 }
 
-/* New and old BlockDriverState structs for atomic group operations */
-
-typedef struct BlkActionState BlkActionState;
-
-/**
- * BlkActionOps:
- * Table of operations that define an Action.
- *
- * @instance_size: Size of state struct, in bytes.
- * @prepare: Prepare the work, must NOT be NULL.
- * @commit: Commit the changes, can be NULL.
- * @abort: Abort the changes on fail, can be NULL.
- * @clean: Clean up resources after all transaction actions have called
- *         commit() or abort(). Can be NULL.
- *
- * Only prepare() may fail. In a single transaction, only one of commit() or
- * abort() will be called. clean() will always be called if it is present.
- *
- * Always run under BQL.
- */
-typedef struct BlkActionOps {
-    size_t instance_size;
-    void (*prepare)(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp);
-    void (*commit)(BlkActionState *common);
-    void (*abort)(BlkActionState *common);
-    void (*clean)(BlkActionState *common);
-} BlkActionOps;
-
-/**
- * BlkActionState:
- * Describes one Action's state within a Transaction.
- *
- * @action: QAPI-defined enum identifying which Action to perform.
- * @ops: Table of ActionOps this Action can perform.
- * @block_job_txn: Transaction which this action belongs to.
- * @entry: List membership for all Actions in this Transaction.
- *
- * This structure must be arranged as first member in a subclassed type,
- * assuming that the compiler will also arrange it to the same offsets as the
- * base class.
- */
-struct BlkActionState {
-    TransactionAction *action;
-    const BlkActionOps *ops;
-    JobTxn *block_job_txn;
-    TransactionProperties *txn_props;
-    QTAILQ_ENTRY(BlkActionState) entry;
-};
-
 /* internal snapshot private data */
 typedef struct InternalSnapshotState {
-    BlkActionState common;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
     bool created;
 } InternalSnapshotState;
 
+static void internal_snapshot_abort(void *opaque);
+static void internal_snapshot_clean(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv internal_snapshot_drv = {
+    .abort = internal_snapshot_abort,
+    .clean = internal_snapshot_clean,
+};
 
-static int action_check_completion_mode(BlkActionState *s, Error **errp)
-{
-    if (s->txn_props->completion_mode != ACTION_COMPLETION_MODE_INDIVIDUAL) {
-        error_setg(errp,
-                   "Action '%s' does not support Transaction property "
-                   "completion-mode = %s",
-                   TransactionActionKind_str(s->action->type),
-                   ActionCompletionMode_str(s->txn_props->completion_mode));
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static void internal_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                      Error **errp)
+static void internal_snapshot_action(BlockdevSnapshotInternal *internal,
+                                     Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     const char *device;
@@ -1268,25 +1231,18 @@ static void internal_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     QEMUSnapshotInfo old_sn, *sn;
     bool ret;
     int64_t rt;
-    BlockdevSnapshotInternal *internal;
-    InternalSnapshotState *state;
+    InternalSnapshotState *state = g_new0(InternalSnapshotState, 1);
     AioContext *aio_context;
     int ret1;
 
-    g_assert(common->action->type ==
-             TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_INTERNAL_SYNC);
-    internal = common->action->u.blockdev_snapshot_internal_sync.data;
-    state = DO_UPCAST(InternalSnapshotState, common, common);
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
+    tran_add(tran, &internal_snapshot_drv, state);
 
-    /* 1. parse input */
     device = internal->device;
     name = internal->name;
 
-    /* 2. check for validation */
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-
     bs = qmp_get_root_bs(device, errp);
     if (!bs) {
         return;
@@ -1362,15 +1318,17 @@ out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void internal_snapshot_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void internal_snapshot_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    InternalSnapshotState *state =
-                             DO_UPCAST(InternalSnapshotState, common, common);
+    InternalSnapshotState *state = opaque;
     BlockDriverState *bs = state->bs;
     QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn = &state->sn;
     AioContext *aio_context;
     Error *local_error = NULL;
 
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     if (!state->created) {
         return;
     }
@@ -1389,10 +1347,9 @@ static void internal_snapshot_abort(BlkActionState *common)
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void internal_snapshot_clean(BlkActionState *common)
+static void internal_snapshot_clean(void *opaque)
 {
-    InternalSnapshotState *state = DO_UPCAST(InternalSnapshotState,
-                                             common, common);
+    g_autofree InternalSnapshotState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     if (!state->bs) {
@@ -1409,14 +1366,22 @@ static void internal_snapshot_clean(BlkActionState *common)
 
 /* external snapshot private data */
 typedef struct ExternalSnapshotState {
-    BlkActionState common;
     BlockDriverState *old_bs;
     BlockDriverState *new_bs;
     bool overlay_appended;
 } ExternalSnapshotState;
 
-static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                      Error **errp)
+static void external_snapshot_commit(void *opaque);
+static void external_snapshot_abort(void *opaque);
+static void external_snapshot_clean(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv external_snapshot_drv = {
+    .commit = external_snapshot_commit,
+    .abort = external_snapshot_abort,
+    .clean = external_snapshot_clean,
+};
+
+static void external_snapshot_action(TransactionAction *action,
+                                     Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
     int ret;
     int flags = 0;
@@ -1429,12 +1394,15 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     const char *snapshot_ref;
     /* File name of the new image (for 'blockdev-snapshot-sync') */
     const char *new_image_file;
-    ExternalSnapshotState *state =
-                             DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotState, common, common);
-    TransactionAction *action = common->action;
+    ExternalSnapshotState *state = g_new0(ExternalSnapshotState, 1);
     AioContext *aio_context;
     uint64_t perm, shared;
 
+    /* TODO We'll eventually have to take a writer lock in this function */
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
+    tran_add(tran, &external_snapshot_drv, state);
+
     /* 'blockdev-snapshot' and 'blockdev-snapshot-sync' have similar
      * purpose but a different set of parameters */
     switch (action->type) {
@@ -1450,8 +1418,8 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC:
         {
             BlockdevSnapshotSync *s = action->u.blockdev_snapshot_sync.data;
-            device = s->has_device ? s->device : NULL;
-            node_name = s->has_node_name ? s->node_name : NULL;
+            device = s->device;
+            node_name = s->node_name;
             new_image_file = s->snapshot_file;
             snapshot_ref = NULL;
         }
@@ -1461,9 +1429,6 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     }
 
     /* start processing */
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
 
     state->old_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(device, node_name, errp);
     if (!state->old_bs) {
@@ -1495,10 +1460,9 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
 
     if (action->type == TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC) {
         BlockdevSnapshotSync *s = action->u.blockdev_snapshot_sync.data;
-        const char *format = s->has_format ? s->format : "qcow2";
+        const char *format = s->format ?: "qcow2";
         enum NewImageMode mode;
-        const char *snapshot_node_name =
-            s->has_snapshot_node_name ? s->snapshot_node_name : NULL;
+        const char *snapshot_node_name = s->snapshot_node_name;
 
         if (node_name && !snapshot_node_name) {
             error_setg(errp, "New overlay node-name missing");
@@ -1524,10 +1488,14 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
                 goto out;
             }
             bdrv_refresh_filename(state->old_bs);
+
+            aio_context_release(aio_context);
             bdrv_img_create(new_image_file, format,
                             state->old_bs->filename,
                             state->old_bs->drv->format_name,
                             NULL, size, flags, false, &local_err);
+            aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
+
             if (local_err) {
                 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
                 goto out;
@@ -1540,14 +1508,20 @@ static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
         }
         qdict_put_str(options, "driver", format);
     }
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
 
+    aio_context_acquire(qemu_get_aio_context());
     state->new_bs = bdrv_open(new_image_file, snapshot_ref, options, flags,
                               errp);
+    aio_context_release(qemu_get_aio_context());
+
     /* We will manually add the backing_hd field to the bs later */
     if (!state->new_bs) {
-        goto out;
+        return;
     }
 
+    aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
+
     /*
      * Allow attaching a backing file to an overlay that's already in use only
      * if the parents don't assume that they are already seeing a valid image.
@@ -1584,10 +1558,9 @@ out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void external_snapshot_commit(BlkActionState *common)
+static void external_snapshot_commit(void *opaque)
 {
-    ExternalSnapshotState *state =
-                             DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotState, common, common);
+    ExternalSnapshotState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(state->old_bs);
@@ -1603,10 +1576,9 @@ static void external_snapshot_commit(BlkActionState *common)
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void external_snapshot_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void external_snapshot_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    ExternalSnapshotState *state =
-                             DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotState, common, common);
+    ExternalSnapshotState *state = opaque;
     if (state->new_bs) {
         if (state->overlay_appended) {
             AioContext *aio_context;
@@ -1638,7 +1610,12 @@ static void external_snapshot_abort(BlkActionState *common)
                 aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
             }
 
+            bdrv_drained_begin(state->new_bs);
+            bdrv_graph_wrlock(state->old_bs);
             bdrv_replace_node(state->new_bs, state->old_bs, &error_abort);
+            bdrv_graph_wrunlock(state->old_bs);
+            bdrv_drained_end(state->new_bs);
+
             bdrv_unref(state->old_bs); /* bdrv_replace_node() ref'ed old_bs */
 
             aio_context_release(aio_context);
@@ -1646,10 +1623,9 @@ static void external_snapshot_abort(BlkActionState *common)
     }
 }
 
-static void external_snapshot_clean(BlkActionState *common)
+static void external_snapshot_clean(void *opaque)
 {
-    ExternalSnapshotState *state =
-                             DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotState, common, common);
+    g_autofree ExternalSnapshotState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     if (!state->old_bs) {
@@ -1666,7 +1642,6 @@ static void external_snapshot_clean(BlkActionState *common)
 }
 
 typedef struct DriveBackupState {
-    BlkActionState common;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockJob *job;
 } DriveBackupState;
@@ -1677,10 +1652,20 @@ static BlockJob *do_backup_common(BackupCommon *backup,
                                   AioContext *aio_context,
                                   JobTxn *txn, Error **errp);
 
-static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
+static void drive_backup_commit(void *opaque);
+static void drive_backup_abort(void *opaque);
+static void drive_backup_clean(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv drive_backup_drv = {
+    .commit = drive_backup_commit,
+    .abort = drive_backup_abort,
+    .clean = drive_backup_clean,
+};
+
+static void drive_backup_action(DriveBackup *backup,
+                                JobTxn *block_job_txn,
+                                Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    DriveBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(DriveBackupState, common, common);
-    DriveBackup *backup;
+    DriveBackupState *state = g_new0(DriveBackupState, 1);
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockDriverState *target_bs;
     BlockDriverState *source = NULL;
@@ -1694,8 +1679,9 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
     bool set_backing_hd = false;
     int ret;
 
-    assert(common->action->type == TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_DRIVE_BACKUP);
-    backup = common->action->u.drive_backup.data;
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+
+    tran_add(tran, &drive_backup_drv, state);
 
     if (!backup->has_mode) {
         backup->mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS;
@@ -1724,7 +1710,9 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
     }
 
     /* Early check to avoid creating target */
+    bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
     if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_BACKUP_SOURCE, errp)) {
+        bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
         goto out;
     }
 
@@ -1751,6 +1739,7 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
         flags |= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING;
         set_backing_hd = true;
     }
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
 
     size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
     if (size < 0) {
@@ -1762,10 +1751,13 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
         assert(format);
         if (source) {
             /* Implicit filters should not appear in the filename */
-            BlockDriverState *explicit_backing =
-                bdrv_skip_implicit_filters(source);
+            BlockDriverState *explicit_backing;
 
+            bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
+            explicit_backing = bdrv_skip_implicit_filters(source);
             bdrv_refresh_filename(explicit_backing);
+            bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
+
             bdrv_img_create(backup->target, format,
                             explicit_backing->filename,
                             explicit_backing->drv->format_name, NULL,
@@ -1787,15 +1779,18 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
     if (format) {
         qdict_put_str(options, "driver", format);
     }
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
 
+    aio_context_acquire(qemu_get_aio_context());
     target_bs = bdrv_open(backup->target, NULL, options, flags, errp);
+    aio_context_release(qemu_get_aio_context());
+
     if (!target_bs) {
-        goto out;
+        return;
     }
 
     /* Honor bdrv_try_change_aio_context() context acquisition requirements. */
     old_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(target_bs);
-    aio_context_release(aio_context);
     aio_context_acquire(old_context);
 
     ret = bdrv_try_change_aio_context(target_bs, aio_context, NULL, errp);
@@ -1816,7 +1811,7 @@ static void drive_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
 
     state->job = do_backup_common(qapi_DriveBackup_base(backup),
                                   bs, target_bs, aio_context,
-                                  common->block_job_txn, errp);
+                                  block_job_txn, errp);
 
 unref:
     bdrv_unref(target_bs);
@@ -1824,9 +1819,9 @@ out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void drive_backup_commit(BlkActionState *common)
+static void drive_backup_commit(void *opaque)
 {
-    DriveBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(DriveBackupState, common, common);
+    DriveBackupState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(state->bs);
@@ -1838,18 +1833,18 @@ static void drive_backup_commit(BlkActionState *common)
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void drive_backup_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void drive_backup_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    DriveBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(DriveBackupState, common, common);
+    DriveBackupState *state = opaque;
 
     if (state->job) {
         job_cancel_sync(&state->job->job, true);
     }
 }
 
-static void drive_backup_clean(BlkActionState *common)
+static void drive_backup_clean(void *opaque)
 {
-    DriveBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(DriveBackupState, common, common);
+    g_autofree DriveBackupState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     if (!state->bs) {
@@ -1865,23 +1860,31 @@ static void drive_backup_clean(BlkActionState *common)
 }
 
 typedef struct BlockdevBackupState {
-    BlkActionState common;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockJob *job;
 } BlockdevBackupState;
 
-static void blockdev_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
+static void blockdev_backup_commit(void *opaque);
+static void blockdev_backup_abort(void *opaque);
+static void blockdev_backup_clean(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv blockdev_backup_drv = {
+    .commit = blockdev_backup_commit,
+    .abort = blockdev_backup_abort,
+    .clean = blockdev_backup_clean,
+};
+
+static void blockdev_backup_action(BlockdevBackup *backup,
+                                   JobTxn *block_job_txn,
+                                   Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    BlockdevBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockdevBackupState, common, common);
-    BlockdevBackup *backup;
+    BlockdevBackupState *state = g_new0(BlockdevBackupState, 1);
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     BlockDriverState *target_bs;
     AioContext *aio_context;
     AioContext *old_context;
     int ret;
 
-    assert(common->action->type == TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_BACKUP);
-    backup = common->action->u.blockdev_backup.data;
+    tran_add(tran, &blockdev_backup_drv, state);
 
     bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(backup->device, backup->device, errp);
     if (!bs) {
@@ -1913,14 +1916,14 @@ static void blockdev_backup_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
 
     state->job = do_backup_common(qapi_BlockdevBackup_base(backup),
                                   bs, target_bs, aio_context,
-                                  common->block_job_txn, errp);
+                                  block_job_txn, errp);
 
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void blockdev_backup_commit(BlkActionState *common)
+static void blockdev_backup_commit(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockdevBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockdevBackupState, common, common);
+    BlockdevBackupState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(state->bs);
@@ -1932,18 +1935,18 @@ static void blockdev_backup_commit(BlkActionState *common)
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static void blockdev_backup_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void blockdev_backup_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockdevBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockdevBackupState, common, common);
+    BlockdevBackupState *state = opaque;
 
     if (state->job) {
         job_cancel_sync(&state->job->job, true);
     }
 }
 
-static void blockdev_backup_clean(BlkActionState *common)
+static void blockdev_backup_clean(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockdevBackupState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockdevBackupState, common, common);
+    g_autofree BlockdevBackupState *state = opaque;
     AioContext *aio_context;
 
     if (!state->bs) {
@@ -1959,27 +1962,26 @@ static void blockdev_backup_clean(BlkActionState *common)
 }
 
 typedef struct BlockDirtyBitmapState {
-    BlkActionState common;
     BdrvDirtyBitmap *bitmap;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     HBitmap *backup;
-    bool prepared;
     bool was_enabled;
 } BlockDirtyBitmapState;
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                           Error **errp)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_abort(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_add_drv = {
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_add_abort,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
+
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_action(BlockDirtyBitmapAdd *action,
+                                          Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
     Error *local_err = NULL;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapAdd *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_add_drv, state);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_add.data;
     /* AIO context taken and released within qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add */
     qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add(action->node, action->name,
                                action->has_granularity, action->granularity,
@@ -1988,39 +1990,37 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
                                &local_err);
 
     if (!local_err) {
-        state->prepared = true;
+        state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_lookup(action->node, action->name,
+                                                  NULL, &error_abort);
     } else {
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_add_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapAdd *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_add.data;
-    /* Should not be able to fail: IF the bitmap was added via .prepare(),
-     * then the node reference and bitmap name must have been valid.
-     */
-    if (state->prepared) {
-        qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_remove(action->node, action->name, &error_abort);
+    if (state->bitmap) {
+        bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_clear_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                             Error **errp)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_restore(void *opaque);
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_clear_drv = {
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_restore,
+    .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
+
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_clear_action(BlockDirtyBitmap *action,
+                                            Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
-    BlockDirtyBitmap *action;
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_clear_drv, state);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_clear.data;
     state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_lookup(action->node,
                                               action->name,
                                               &state->bs,
@@ -2036,36 +2036,35 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_clear_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     bdrv_clear_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap, &state->backup);
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_restore(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_restore(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     if (state->backup) {
         bdrv_restore_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap, state->backup);
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     hbitmap_free(state->backup);
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                              Error **errp)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_abort(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_enable_drv = {
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_enable_abort,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
+
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_action(BlockDirtyBitmap *action,
+                                             Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmap *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_enable_drv, state);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_enable.data;
     state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_lookup(action->node,
                                               action->name,
                                               NULL,
@@ -2082,28 +2081,28 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     bdrv_enable_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_enable_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     if (!state->was_enabled) {
         bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                               Error **errp)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_abort(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_disable_drv = {
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_disable_abort,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
+
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_action(BlockDirtyBitmap *action,
+                                              Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmap *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_disable_drv, state);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_disable.data;
     state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_lookup(action->node,
                                               action->name,
                                               NULL,
@@ -2120,46 +2119,48 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     bdrv_disable_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_disable_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     if (state->was_enabled) {
         bdrv_enable_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_merge_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                             Error **errp)
-{
-    BlockDirtyBitmapMerge *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_merge_drv = {
+    .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup,
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_restore,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_merge_action(BlockDirtyBitmapMerge *action,
+                                            Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
+{
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_merge.data;
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_merge_drv, state);
 
     state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_merge(action->node, action->target,
                                              action->bitmaps, &state->backup,
                                              errp);
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
-                                              Error **errp)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_commit(void *opaque);
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv block_dirty_bitmap_remove_drv = {
+    .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_remove_commit,
+    .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort,
+    .clean = g_free,
+};
+
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_action(BlockDirtyBitmap *action,
+                                             Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmap *action;
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapState, 1);
 
-    if (action_check_completion_mode(common, errp) < 0) {
-        return;
-    }
+    tran_add(tran, &block_dirty_bitmap_remove_drv, state);
 
-    action = common->action->u.block_dirty_bitmap_remove.data;
 
     state->bitmap = block_dirty_bitmap_remove(action->node, action->name,
                                               false, &state->bs, errp);
@@ -2169,10 +2170,9 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_prepare(BlkActionState *common,
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     if (state->bitmap) {
         bdrv_dirty_bitmap_skip_store(state->bitmap, false);
@@ -2180,210 +2180,156 @@ static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort(BlkActionState *common)
     }
 }
 
-static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_commit(BlkActionState *common)
+static void block_dirty_bitmap_remove_commit(void *opaque)
 {
-    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = DO_UPCAST(BlockDirtyBitmapState,
-                                             common, common);
+    BlockDirtyBitmapState *state = opaque;
 
     bdrv_dirty_bitmap_set_busy(state->bitmap, false);
     bdrv_release_dirty_bitmap(state->bitmap);
 }
 
-static void abort_prepare(BlkActionState *common, Error **errp)
+static void abort_commit(void *opaque);
+TransactionActionDrv abort_drv = {
+    .commit = abort_commit,
+};
+
+static void abort_action(Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
 {
+    tran_add(tran, &abort_drv, NULL);
     error_setg(errp, "Transaction aborted using Abort action");
 }
 
-static void abort_commit(BlkActionState *common)
+static void abort_commit(void *opaque)
 {
     g_assert_not_reached(); /* this action never succeeds */
 }
 
-static const BlkActionOps actions[] = {
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(ExternalSnapshotState),
-        .prepare  = external_snapshot_prepare,
-        .commit   = external_snapshot_commit,
-        .abort = external_snapshot_abort,
-        .clean = external_snapshot_clean,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(ExternalSnapshotState),
-        .prepare  = external_snapshot_prepare,
-        .commit   = external_snapshot_commit,
-        .abort = external_snapshot_abort,
-        .clean = external_snapshot_clean,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_DRIVE_BACKUP] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(DriveBackupState),
-        .prepare = drive_backup_prepare,
-        .commit = drive_backup_commit,
-        .abort = drive_backup_abort,
-        .clean = drive_backup_clean,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_BACKUP] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockdevBackupState),
-        .prepare = blockdev_backup_prepare,
-        .commit = blockdev_backup_commit,
-        .abort = blockdev_backup_abort,
-        .clean = blockdev_backup_clean,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_ABORT] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlkActionState),
-        .prepare = abort_prepare,
-        .commit = abort_commit,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_INTERNAL_SYNC] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(InternalSnapshotState),
-        .prepare  = internal_snapshot_prepare,
-        .abort = internal_snapshot_abort,
-        .clean = internal_snapshot_clean,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_ADD] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_add_prepare,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_add_abort,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_CLEAR] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_clear_prepare,
-        .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_restore,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_ENABLE] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_enable_prepare,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_enable_abort,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_DISABLE] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_disable_prepare,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_disable_abort,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_MERGE] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_merge_prepare,
-        .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_free_backup,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_restore,
-    },
-    [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_REMOVE] = {
-        .instance_size = sizeof(BlockDirtyBitmapState),
-        .prepare = block_dirty_bitmap_remove_prepare,
-        .commit = block_dirty_bitmap_remove_commit,
-        .abort = block_dirty_bitmap_remove_abort,
-    },
-    /* Where are transactions for MIRROR, COMMIT and STREAM?
+static void transaction_action(TransactionAction *act, JobTxn *block_job_txn,
+                               Transaction *tran, Error **errp)
+{
+    switch (act->type) {
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT:
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC:
+        external_snapshot_action(act, tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_DRIVE_BACKUP:
+        drive_backup_action(act->u.drive_backup.data,
+                            block_job_txn, tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_BACKUP:
+        blockdev_backup_action(act->u.blockdev_backup.data,
+                               block_job_txn, tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_ABORT:
+        abort_action(tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_INTERNAL_SYNC:
+        internal_snapshot_action(act->u.blockdev_snapshot_internal_sync.data,
+                                 tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_ADD:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_add_action(act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_add.data,
+                                      tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_CLEAR:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_clear_action(act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_clear.data,
+                                        tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_ENABLE:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_enable_action(act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_enable.data,
+                                         tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_DISABLE:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_disable_action(
+                act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_disable.data, tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_MERGE:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_merge_action(act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_merge.data,
+                                        tran, errp);
+        return;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCK_DIRTY_BITMAP_REMOVE:
+        block_dirty_bitmap_remove_action(act->u.block_dirty_bitmap_remove.data,
+                                         tran, errp);
+        return;
+    /*
+     * Where are transactions for MIRROR, COMMIT and STREAM?
      * Although these blockjobs use transaction callbacks like the backup job,
      * these jobs do not necessarily adhere to transaction semantics.
      * These jobs may not fully undo all of their actions on abort, nor do they
      * necessarily work in transactions with more than one job in them.
      */
-};
-
-/**
- * Allocate a TransactionProperties structure if necessary, and fill
- * that structure with desired defaults if they are unset.
- */
-static TransactionProperties *get_transaction_properties(
-    TransactionProperties *props)
-{
-    if (!props) {
-        props = g_new0(TransactionProperties, 1);
-    }
-
-    if (!props->has_completion_mode) {
-        props->has_completion_mode = true;
-        props->completion_mode = ACTION_COMPLETION_MODE_INDIVIDUAL;
-    }
-
-    return props;
+    case TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND__MAX:
+    default:
+        g_assert_not_reached();
+    };
 }
 
+
 /*
  * 'Atomic' group operations.  The operations are performed as a set, and if
  * any fail then we roll back all operations in the group.
  *
  * Always run under BQL.
  */
-void qmp_transaction(TransactionActionList *dev_list,
-                     bool has_props,
-                     struct TransactionProperties *props,
+void qmp_transaction(TransactionActionList *actions,
+                     struct TransactionProperties *properties,
                      Error **errp)
 {
-    TransactionActionList *dev_entry = dev_list;
+    TransactionActionList *act;
     JobTxn *block_job_txn = NULL;
-    BlkActionState *state, *next;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
+    Transaction *tran;
+    ActionCompletionMode comp_mode =
+        properties ? properties->completion_mode :
+        ACTION_COMPLETION_MODE_INDIVIDUAL;
 
     GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
 
-    QTAILQ_HEAD(, BlkActionState) snap_bdrv_states;
-    QTAILQ_INIT(&snap_bdrv_states);
-
     /* Does this transaction get canceled as a group on failure?
      * If not, we don't really need to make a JobTxn.
      */
-    props = get_transaction_properties(props);
-    if (props->completion_mode != ACTION_COMPLETION_MODE_INDIVIDUAL) {
+    if (comp_mode != ACTION_COMPLETION_MODE_INDIVIDUAL) {
+        for (act = actions; act; act = act->next) {
+            TransactionActionKind type = act->value->type;
+
+            if (type != TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_BACKUP &&
+                type != TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_DRIVE_BACKUP)
+            {
+                error_setg(errp,
+                           "Action '%s' does not support transaction property "
+                           "completion-mode = %s",
+                           TransactionActionKind_str(type),
+                           ActionCompletionMode_str(comp_mode));
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
         block_job_txn = job_txn_new();
     }
 
     /* drain all i/o before any operations */
     bdrv_drain_all();
 
-    /* We don't do anything in this loop that commits us to the operations */
-    while (NULL != dev_entry) {
-        TransactionAction *dev_info = NULL;
-        const BlkActionOps *ops;
-
-        dev_info = dev_entry->value;
-        dev_entry = dev_entry->next;
-
-        assert(dev_info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(actions));
+    tran = tran_new();
 
-        ops = &actions[dev_info->type];
-        assert(ops->instance_size > 0);
-
-        state = g_malloc0(ops->instance_size);
-        state->ops = ops;
-        state->action = dev_info;
-        state->block_job_txn = block_job_txn;
-        state->txn_props = props;
-        QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&snap_bdrv_states, state, entry);
-
-        state->ops->prepare(state, &local_err);
+    /* We don't do anything in this loop that commits us to the operations */
+    for (act = actions; act; act = act->next) {
+        transaction_action(act->value, block_job_txn, tran, &local_err);
         if (local_err) {
             error_propagate(errp, local_err);
             goto delete_and_fail;
         }
     }
 
-    QTAILQ_FOREACH(state, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) {
-        if (state->ops->commit) {
-            state->ops->commit(state);
-        }
-    }
+    tran_commit(tran);
 
     /* success */
     goto exit;
 
 delete_and_fail:
     /* failure, and it is all-or-none; roll back all operations */
-    QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) {
-        if (state->ops->abort) {
-            state->ops->abort(state);
-        }
-    }
+    tran_abort(tran);
 exit:
-    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(state, &snap_bdrv_states, entry, next) {
-        if (state->ops->clean) {
-            state->ops->clean(state);
-        }
-        g_free(state);
-    }
-    if (!has_props) {
-        qapi_free_TransactionProperties(props);
-    }
     job_txn_unref(block_job_txn);
 }
 
@@ -2412,8 +2358,7 @@ BlockDirtyBitmapSha256 *qmp_x_debug_block_dirty_bitmap_sha256(const char *node,
     return ret;
 }
 
-void coroutine_fn qmp_block_resize(bool has_device, const char *device,
-                                   bool has_node_name, const char *node_name,
+void coroutine_fn qmp_block_resize(const char *device, const char *node_name,
                                    int64_t size, Error **errp)
 {
     Error *local_err = NULL;
@@ -2421,9 +2366,7 @@ void coroutine_fn qmp_block_resize(bool has_device, const char *device,
     BlockDriverState *bs;
     AioContext *old_ctx;
 
-    bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(has_device ? device : NULL,
-                        has_node_name ? node_name : NULL,
-                        &local_err);
+    bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(device, node_name, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
         return;
@@ -2434,12 +2377,15 @@ void coroutine_fn qmp_block_resize(bool has_device, const char *device,
         return;
     }
 
+    bdrv_graph_co_rdlock();
     if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_RESIZE, NULL)) {
         error_setg(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device);
+        bdrv_graph_co_rdunlock();
         return;
     }
+    bdrv_graph_co_rdunlock();
 
-    blk = blk_new_with_bs(bs, BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL, errp);
+    blk = blk_co_new_with_bs(bs, BLK_PERM_RESIZE, BLK_PERM_ALL, errp);
     if (!blk) {
         return;
     }
@@ -2454,18 +2400,18 @@ void coroutine_fn qmp_block_resize(bool has_device, const char *device,
 
     bdrv_co_lock(bs);
     bdrv_drained_end(bs);
-    blk_unref(blk);
+    blk_co_unref(blk);
     bdrv_co_unlock(bs);
 }
 
-void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
-                      bool has_base, const char *base,
-                      bool has_base_node, const char *base_node,
-                      bool has_backing_file, const char *backing_file,
-                      bool has_bottom, const char *bottom,
+void qmp_block_stream(const char *job_id, const char *device,
+                      const char *base,
+                      const char *base_node,
+                      const char *backing_file,
+                      const char *bottom,
                       bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
                       bool has_on_error, BlockdevOnError on_error,
-                      bool has_filter_node_name, const char *filter_node_name,
+                      const char *filter_node_name,
                       bool has_auto_finalize, bool auto_finalize,
                       bool has_auto_dismiss, bool auto_dismiss,
                       Error **errp)
@@ -2477,19 +2423,21 @@ void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     Error *local_err = NULL;
     int job_flags = JOB_DEFAULT;
 
-    if (has_base && has_base_node) {
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+
+    if (base && base_node) {
         error_setg(errp, "'base' and 'base-node' cannot be specified "
                    "at the same time");
         return;
     }
 
-    if (has_base && has_bottom) {
+    if (base && bottom) {
         error_setg(errp, "'base' and 'bottom' cannot be specified "
                    "at the same time");
         return;
     }
 
-    if (has_bottom && has_base_node) {
+    if (bottom && base_node) {
         error_setg(errp, "'bottom' and 'base-node' cannot be specified "
                    "at the same time");
         return;
@@ -2507,47 +2455,49 @@ void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
     aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
 
-    if (has_base) {
+    bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
+    if (base) {
         base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base);
         if (base_bs == NULL) {
             error_setg(errp, "Can't find '%s' in the backing chain", base);
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         assert(bdrv_get_aio_context(base_bs) == aio_context);
     }
 
-    if (has_base_node) {
+    if (base_node) {
         base_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(NULL, base_node, errp);
         if (!base_bs) {
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         if (bs == base_bs || !bdrv_chain_contains(bs, base_bs)) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is not a backing image of '%s'",
                        base_node, device);
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         assert(bdrv_get_aio_context(base_bs) == aio_context);
+
         bdrv_refresh_filename(base_bs);
     }
 
-    if (has_bottom) {
+    if (bottom) {
         bottom_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(NULL, bottom, errp);
         if (!bottom_bs) {
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         if (!bottom_bs->drv) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is not open", bottom);
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         if (bottom_bs->drv->is_filter) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is a filter, use a non-filter node "
                        "as 'bottom'", bottom);
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         if (!bdrv_chain_contains(bs, bottom_bs)) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' is not in a chain starting from '%s'",
                        bottom, device);
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
         assert(bdrv_get_aio_context(bottom_bs) == aio_context);
     }
@@ -2555,18 +2505,19 @@ void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     /*
      * Check for op blockers in the whole chain between bs and base (or bottom)
      */
-    iter_end = has_bottom ? bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(bottom_bs) : base_bs;
+    iter_end = bottom ? bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(bottom_bs) : base_bs;
     for (iter = bs; iter && iter != iter_end;
          iter = bdrv_filter_or_cow_bs(iter))
     {
         if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(iter, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_STREAM, errp)) {
-            goto out;
+            goto out_rdlock;
         }
     }
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
 
     /* if we are streaming the entire chain, the result will have no backing
      * file, and specifying one is therefore an error */
-    if (base_bs == NULL && has_backing_file) {
+    if (!base_bs && backing_file) {
         error_setg(errp, "backing file specified, but streaming the "
                          "entire chain");
         goto out;
@@ -2579,7 +2530,7 @@ void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
         job_flags |= JOB_MANUAL_DISMISS;
     }
 
-    stream_start(has_job_id ? job_id : NULL, bs, base_bs, backing_file,
+    stream_start(job_id, bs, base_bs, backing_file,
                  bottom_bs, job_flags, has_speed ? speed : 0, on_error,
                  filter_node_name, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
@@ -2591,17 +2542,22 @@ void qmp_block_stream(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
 
 out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
+    return;
+
+out_rdlock:
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
-                      bool has_base_node, const char *base_node,
-                      bool has_base, const char *base,
-                      bool has_top_node, const char *top_node,
-                      bool has_top, const char *top,
-                      bool has_backing_file, const char *backing_file,
+void qmp_block_commit(const char *job_id, const char *device,
+                      const char *base_node,
+                      const char *base,
+                      const char *top_node,
+                      const char *top,
+                      const char *backing_file,
                       bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
                       bool has_on_error, BlockdevOnError on_error,
-                      bool has_filter_node_name, const char *filter_node_name,
+                      const char *filter_node_name,
                       bool has_auto_finalize, bool auto_finalize,
                       bool has_auto_dismiss, bool auto_dismiss,
                       Error **errp)
@@ -2614,15 +2570,15 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     int job_flags = JOB_DEFAULT;
     uint64_t top_perm, top_shared;
 
+    /* TODO We'll eventually have to take a writer lock in this function */
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     if (!has_speed) {
         speed = 0;
     }
     if (!has_on_error) {
         on_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
     }
-    if (!has_filter_node_name) {
-        filter_node_name = NULL;
-    }
     if (has_auto_finalize && !auto_finalize) {
         job_flags |= JOB_MANUAL_FINALIZE;
     }
@@ -2658,10 +2614,10 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     /* default top_bs is the active layer */
     top_bs = bs;
 
-    if (has_top_node && has_top) {
+    if (top_node && top) {
         error_setg(errp, "'top-node' and 'top' are mutually exclusive");
         goto out;
-    } else if (has_top_node) {
+    } else if (top_node) {
         top_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(NULL, top_node, errp);
         if (top_bs == NULL) {
             goto out;
@@ -2671,7 +2627,7 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
                        top_node);
             goto out;
         }
-    } else if (has_top && top) {
+    } else if (top) {
         /* This strcmp() is just a shortcut, there is no need to
          * refresh @bs's filename.  If it mismatches,
          * bdrv_find_backing_image() will do the refresh and may still
@@ -2688,10 +2644,10 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
 
     assert(bdrv_get_aio_context(top_bs) == aio_context);
 
-    if (has_base_node && has_base) {
+    if (base_node && base) {
         error_setg(errp, "'base-node' and 'base' are mutually exclusive");
         goto out;
-    } else if (has_base_node) {
+    } else if (base_node) {
         base_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(NULL, base_node, errp);
         if (base_bs == NULL) {
             goto out;
@@ -2701,7 +2657,7 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
                        base_node);
             goto out;
         }
-    } else if (has_base && base) {
+    } else if (base) {
         base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(top_bs, base);
         if (base_bs == NULL) {
             error_setg(errp, "Can't find '%s' in the backing chain", base);
@@ -2743,7 +2699,7 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
     if (top_perm & BLK_PERM_WRITE ||
         bdrv_skip_filters(top_bs) == bdrv_skip_filters(bs))
     {
-        if (has_backing_file) {
+        if (backing_file) {
             if (bdrv_skip_filters(top_bs) == bdrv_skip_filters(bs)) {
                 error_setg(errp, "'backing-file' specified,"
                                  " but 'top' is the active layer");
@@ -2753,7 +2709,7 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
             }
             goto out;
         }
-        if (!has_job_id) {
+        if (!job_id) {
             /*
              * Emulate here what block_job_create() does, because it
              * is possible that @bs != @top_bs (the block job should
@@ -2769,8 +2725,8 @@ void qmp_block_commit(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id, const char *device,
         if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(overlay_bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_COMMIT_TARGET, errp)) {
             goto out;
         }
-        commit_start(has_job_id ? job_id : NULL, bs, base_bs, top_bs, job_flags,
-                     speed, on_error, has_backing_file ? backing_file : NULL,
+        commit_start(job_id, bs, base_bs, top_bs, job_flags,
+                     speed, on_error, backing_file,
                      filter_node_name, &local_err);
     }
     if (local_err != NULL) {
@@ -2803,9 +2759,6 @@ static BlockJob *do_backup_common(BackupCommon *backup,
     if (!backup->has_on_target_error) {
         backup->on_target_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT;
     }
-    if (!backup->has_job_id) {
-        backup->job_id = NULL;
-    }
     if (!backup->has_auto_finalize) {
         backup->auto_finalize = true;
     }
@@ -2831,7 +2784,7 @@ static BlockJob *do_backup_common(BackupCommon *backup,
     if ((backup->sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_BITMAP) ||
         (backup->sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_INCREMENTAL)) {
         /* done before desugaring 'incremental' to print the right message */
-        if (!backup->has_bitmap) {
+        if (!backup->bitmap) {
             error_setg(errp, "must provide a valid bitmap name for "
                        "'%s' sync mode", MirrorSyncMode_str(backup->sync));
             return NULL;
@@ -2852,7 +2805,7 @@ static BlockJob *do_backup_common(BackupCommon *backup,
         backup->bitmap_mode = BITMAP_SYNC_MODE_ON_SUCCESS;
     }
 
-    if (backup->has_bitmap) {
+    if (backup->bitmap) {
         bmap = bdrv_find_dirty_bitmap(bs, backup->bitmap);
         if (!bmap) {
             error_setg(errp, "Bitmap '%s' could not be found", backup->bitmap);
@@ -2885,7 +2838,7 @@ static BlockJob *do_backup_common(BackupCommon *backup,
         }
     }
 
-    if (!backup->has_bitmap && backup->has_bitmap_mode) {
+    if (!backup->bitmap && backup->has_bitmap_mode) {
         error_setg(errp, "Cannot specify bitmap sync mode without a bitmap");
         return NULL;
     }
@@ -2928,6 +2881,8 @@ BlockDeviceInfoList *qmp_query_named_block_nodes(bool has_flat,
 
 XDbgBlockGraph *qmp_x_debug_query_block_graph(Error **errp)
 {
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     return bdrv_get_xdbg_block_graph(errp);
 }
 
@@ -2945,7 +2900,7 @@ void qmp_blockdev_backup(BlockdevBackup *backup, Error **errp)
  **/
 static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
                                    BlockDriverState *target,
-                                   bool has_replaces, const char *replaces,
+                                   const char *replaces,
                                    enum MirrorSyncMode sync,
                                    BlockMirrorBackingMode backing_mode,
                                    bool zero_target,
@@ -2957,7 +2912,6 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
                                    bool has_on_target_error,
                                    BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
                                    bool has_unmap, bool unmap,
-                                   bool has_filter_node_name,
                                    const char *filter_node_name,
                                    bool has_copy_mode, MirrorCopyMode copy_mode,
                                    bool has_auto_finalize, bool auto_finalize,
@@ -2967,6 +2921,9 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
     BlockDriverState *unfiltered_bs;
     int job_flags = JOB_DEFAULT;
 
+    GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     if (!has_speed) {
         speed = 0;
     }
@@ -2985,9 +2942,6 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
     if (!has_unmap) {
         unmap = true;
     }
-    if (!has_filter_node_name) {
-        filter_node_name = NULL;
-    }
     if (!has_copy_mode) {
         copy_mode = MIRROR_COPY_MODE_BACKGROUND;
     }
@@ -3020,17 +2974,17 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
         sync = MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL;
     }
 
-    if (!has_replaces) {
+    if (!replaces) {
         /* We want to mirror from @bs, but keep implicit filters on top */
         unfiltered_bs = bdrv_skip_implicit_filters(bs);
         if (unfiltered_bs != bs) {
             replaces = unfiltered_bs->node_name;
-            has_replaces = true;
         }
     }
 
-    if (has_replaces) {
+    if (replaces) {
         BlockDriverState *to_replace_bs;
+        AioContext *aio_context;
         AioContext *replace_aio_context;
         int64_t bs_size, replace_size;
 
@@ -3045,10 +2999,19 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
             return;
         }
 
+        aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
         replace_aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(to_replace_bs);
-        aio_context_acquire(replace_aio_context);
+        /*
+         * bdrv_getlength() is a co-wrapper and uses AIO_WAIT_WHILE. Be sure not
+         * to acquire the same AioContext twice.
+         */
+        if (replace_aio_context != aio_context) {
+            aio_context_acquire(replace_aio_context);
+        }
         replace_size = bdrv_getlength(to_replace_bs);
-        aio_context_release(replace_aio_context);
+        if (replace_aio_context != aio_context) {
+            aio_context_release(replace_aio_context);
+        }
 
         if (replace_size < 0) {
             error_setg_errno(errp, -replace_size,
@@ -3066,7 +3029,7 @@ static void blockdev_mirror_common(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
      * and will allow to check whether the node still exist at mirror completion
      */
     mirror_start(job_id, bs, target,
-                 has_replaces ? replaces : NULL, job_flags,
+                 replaces, job_flags,
                  speed, granularity, buf_size, sync, backing_mode, zero_target,
                  on_source_error, on_target_error, unmap, filter_node_name,
                  copy_mode, errp);
@@ -3093,7 +3056,9 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
     }
 
     /* Early check to avoid creating target */
+    bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
     if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_MIRROR_SOURCE, errp)) {
+        bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
         return;
     }
 
@@ -3104,7 +3069,7 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
         arg->mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS;
     }
 
-    if (!arg->has_format) {
+    if (!arg->format) {
         format = (arg->mode == NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING
                   ? NULL : bs->drv->format_name);
     }
@@ -3117,6 +3082,7 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
     if (arg->sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_NONE) {
         target_backing_bs = bs;
     }
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
 
     size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
     if (size < 0) {
@@ -3124,8 +3090,8 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
         goto out;
     }
 
-    if (arg->has_replaces) {
-        if (!arg->has_node_name) {
+    if (arg->replaces) {
+        if (!arg->node_name) {
             error_setg(errp, "a node-name must be provided when replacing a"
                              " named node of the graph");
             goto out;
@@ -3149,16 +3115,21 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
         bdrv_img_create(arg->target, format,
                         NULL, NULL, NULL, size, flags, false, &local_err);
     } else {
-        /* Implicit filters should not appear in the filename */
-        BlockDriverState *explicit_backing =
-            bdrv_skip_implicit_filters(target_backing_bs);
+        BlockDriverState *explicit_backing;
 
         switch (arg->mode) {
         case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING:
             break;
         case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS:
-            /* create new image with backing file */
+            /*
+             * Create new image with backing file.
+             * Implicit filters should not appear in the filename.
+             */
+            bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
+            explicit_backing = bdrv_skip_implicit_filters(target_backing_bs);
             bdrv_refresh_filename(explicit_backing);
+            bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
+
             bdrv_img_create(arg->target, format,
                             explicit_backing->filename,
                             explicit_backing->drv->format_name,
@@ -3175,29 +3146,34 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
     }
 
     options = qdict_new();
-    if (arg->has_node_name) {
+    if (arg->node_name) {
         qdict_put_str(options, "node-name", arg->node_name);
     }
     if (format) {
         qdict_put_str(options, "driver", format);
     }
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
 
     /* Mirroring takes care of copy-on-write using the source's backing
      * file.
      */
+    aio_context_acquire(qemu_get_aio_context());
     target_bs = bdrv_open(arg->target, NULL, options, flags, errp);
+    aio_context_release(qemu_get_aio_context());
+
     if (!target_bs) {
-        goto out;
+        return;
     }
 
+    bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
     zero_target = (arg->sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL &&
                    (arg->mode == NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING ||
                     !bdrv_has_zero_init(target_bs)));
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
 
 
     /* Honor bdrv_try_change_aio_context() context acquisition requirements. */
     old_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(target_bs);
-    aio_context_release(aio_context);
     aio_context_acquire(old_context);
 
     ret = bdrv_try_change_aio_context(target_bs, aio_context, NULL, errp);
@@ -3210,8 +3186,8 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
     aio_context_release(old_context);
     aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
 
-    blockdev_mirror_common(arg->has_job_id ? arg->job_id : NULL, bs, target_bs,
-                           arg->has_replaces, arg->replaces, arg->sync,
+    blockdev_mirror_common(arg->job_id, bs, target_bs,
+                           arg->replaces, arg->sync,
                            backing_mode, zero_target,
                            arg->has_speed, arg->speed,
                            arg->has_granularity, arg->granularity,
@@ -3219,7 +3195,7 @@ void qmp_drive_mirror(DriveMirror *arg, Error **errp)
                            arg->has_on_source_error, arg->on_source_error,
                            arg->has_on_target_error, arg->on_target_error,
                            arg->has_unmap, arg->unmap,
-                           false, NULL,
+                           NULL,
                            arg->has_copy_mode, arg->copy_mode,
                            arg->has_auto_finalize, arg->auto_finalize,
                            arg->has_auto_dismiss, arg->auto_dismiss,
@@ -3229,9 +3205,9 @@ out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-void qmp_blockdev_mirror(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id,
+void qmp_blockdev_mirror(const char *job_id,
                          const char *device, const char *target,
-                         bool has_replaces, const char *replaces,
+                         const char *replaces,
                          MirrorSyncMode sync,
                          bool has_speed, int64_t speed,
                          bool has_granularity, uint32_t granularity,
@@ -3240,7 +3216,6 @@ void qmp_blockdev_mirror(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id,
                          BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
                          bool has_on_target_error,
                          BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
-                         bool has_filter_node_name,
                          const char *filter_node_name,
                          bool has_copy_mode, MirrorCopyMode copy_mode,
                          bool has_auto_finalize, bool auto_finalize,
@@ -3281,15 +3256,14 @@ void qmp_blockdev_mirror(bool has_job_id, const char *job_id,
         goto out;
     }
 
-    blockdev_mirror_common(has_job_id ? job_id : NULL, bs, target_bs,
-                           has_replaces, replaces, sync, backing_mode,
+    blockdev_mirror_common(job_id, bs, target_bs,
+                           replaces, sync, backing_mode,
                            zero_target, has_speed, speed,
                            has_granularity, granularity,
                            has_buf_size, buf_size,
                            has_on_source_error, on_source_error,
                            has_on_target_error, on_target_error,
-                           true, true,
-                           has_filter_node_name, filter_node_name,
+                           true, true, filter_node_name,
                            has_copy_mode, copy_mode,
                            has_auto_finalize, auto_finalize,
                            has_auto_dismiss, auto_dismiss,
@@ -3438,6 +3412,20 @@ void qmp_block_job_dismiss(const char *id, Error **errp)
     job_dismiss_locked(&job, errp);
 }
 
+void qmp_block_job_change(BlockJobChangeOptions *opts, Error **errp)
+{
+    BlockJob *job;
+
+    JOB_LOCK_GUARD();
+    job = find_block_job_locked(opts->id, errp);
+
+    if (!job) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    block_job_change_locked(job, opts, errp);
+}
+
 void qmp_change_backing_file(const char *device,
                              const char *image_node_name,
                              const char *backing_file,
@@ -3458,35 +3446,38 @@ void qmp_change_backing_file(const char *device,
     aio_context = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
     aio_context_acquire(aio_context);
 
+    bdrv_graph_rdlock_main_loop();
+
     image_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(NULL, image_node_name, &local_err);
     if (local_err) {
         error_propagate(errp, local_err);
-        goto out;
+        goto out_rdlock;
     }
 
     if (!image_bs) {
         error_setg(errp, "image file not found");
-        goto out;
+        goto out_rdlock;
     }
 
     if (bdrv_find_base(image_bs) == image_bs) {
         error_setg(errp, "not allowing backing file change on an image "
                          "without a backing file");
-        goto out;
+        goto out_rdlock;
     }
 
     /* even though we are not necessarily operating on bs, we need it to
      * determine if block ops are currently prohibited on the chain */
     if (bdrv_op_is_blocked(bs, BLOCK_OP_TYPE_CHANGE, errp)) {
-        goto out;
+        goto out_rdlock;
     }
 
     /* final sanity check */
     if (!bdrv_chain_contains(bs, image_bs)) {
         error_setg(errp, "'%s' and image file are not in the same chain",
                    device);
-        goto out;
+        goto out_rdlock;
     }
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
 
     /* if not r/w, reopen to make r/w */
     ro = bdrv_is_read_only(image_bs);
@@ -3514,6 +3505,11 @@ void qmp_change_backing_file(const char *device,
 
 out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
+    return;
+
+out_rdlock:
+    bdrv_graph_rdunlock_main_loop();
+    aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
 void qmp_blockdev_add(BlockdevOptions *options, Error **errp)
@@ -3548,8 +3544,6 @@ fail:
 void qmp_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptionsList *reopen_list, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockReopenQueue *queue = NULL;
-    GSList *drained = NULL;
-    GSList *p;
 
     /* Add each one of the BDS that we want to reopen to the queue */
     for (; reopen_list != NULL; reopen_list = reopen_list->next) {
@@ -3561,7 +3555,7 @@ void qmp_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptionsList *reopen_list, Error **errp)
         QDict *qdict;
 
         /* Check for the selected node name */
-        if (!options->has_node_name) {
+        if (!options->node_name) {
             error_setg(errp, "node-name not specified");
             goto fail;
         }
@@ -3586,9 +3580,7 @@ void qmp_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptionsList *reopen_list, Error **errp)
         ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
         aio_context_acquire(ctx);
 
-        bdrv_subtree_drained_begin(bs);
         queue = bdrv_reopen_queue(queue, bs, qdict, false);
-        drained = g_slist_prepend(drained, bs);
 
         aio_context_release(ctx);
     }
@@ -3599,15 +3591,6 @@ void qmp_blockdev_reopen(BlockdevOptionsList *reopen_list, Error **errp)
 
 fail:
     bdrv_reopen_queue_free(queue);
-    for (p = drained; p; p = p->next) {
-        BlockDriverState *bs = p->data;
-        AioContext *ctx = bdrv_get_aio_context(bs);
-
-        aio_context_acquire(ctx);
-        bdrv_subtree_drained_end(bs);
-        aio_context_release(ctx);
-    }
-    g_slist_free(drained);
 }
 
 void qmp_blockdev_del(const char *node_name, Error **errp)
@@ -3616,6 +3599,7 @@ void qmp_blockdev_del(const char *node_name, Error **errp)
     BlockDriverState *bs;
 
     GLOBAL_STATE_CODE();
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
 
     bs = bdrv_find_node(node_name);
     if (!bs) {
@@ -3652,8 +3636,8 @@ out:
     aio_context_release(aio_context);
 }
 
-static BdrvChild *bdrv_find_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
-                                  const char *child_name)
+static BdrvChild * GRAPH_RDLOCK
+bdrv_find_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs, const char *child_name)
 {
     BdrvChild *child;
 
@@ -3666,45 +3650,49 @@ static BdrvChild *bdrv_find_child(BlockDriverState *parent_bs,
     return NULL;
 }
 
-void qmp_x_blockdev_change(const char *parent, bool has_child,
-                           const char *child, bool has_node,
+void qmp_x_blockdev_change(const char *parent, const char *child,
                            const char *node, Error **errp)
 {
     BlockDriverState *parent_bs, *new_bs = NULL;
     BdrvChild *p_child;
 
+    bdrv_graph_wrlock(NULL);
+
     parent_bs = bdrv_lookup_bs(parent, parent, errp);
     if (!parent_bs) {
-        return;
+        goto out;
     }
 
-    if (has_child == has_node) {
-        if (has_child) {
+    if (!child == !node) {
+        if (child) {
             error_setg(errp, "The parameters child and node are in conflict");
         } else {
             error_setg(errp, "Either child or node must be specified");
         }
-        return;
+        goto out;
     }
 
-    if (has_child) {
+    if (child) {
         p_child = bdrv_find_child(parent_bs, child);
         if (!p_child) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' does not have child '%s'",
                        parent, child);
-            return;
+            goto out;
         }
         bdrv_del_child(parent_bs, p_child, errp);
     }
 
-    if (has_node) {
+    if (node) {
         new_bs = bdrv_find_node(node);
         if (!new_bs) {
             error_setg(errp, "Node '%s' not found", node);
-            return;
+            goto out;
         }
         bdrv_add_child(parent_bs, new_bs, errp);
     }
+
+out:
+    bdrv_graph_wrunlock(NULL);
 }
 
 BlockJobInfoList *qmp_query_block_jobs(Error **errp)
@@ -3739,6 +3727,8 @@ void qmp_x_blockdev_set_iothread(const char *node_name, StrOrNull *iothread,
     AioContext *new_context;
     BlockDriverState *bs;
 
+    GRAPH_RDLOCK_GUARD_MAINLOOP();
+
     bs = bdrv_find_node(node_name);
     if (!bs) {
         error_setg(errp, "Failed to find node with node-name='%s'", node_name);