--- /dev/null
+." DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by help2man 1.5.1.2.
+.TH CHMOD 1 "November 1998" "GNU fileutils 4.0" "FSF"
+.SH NAME
+chmod \- change file access permissions
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B chmod
+[\fIOPTION\fR]...\fI MODE\fR[\fI,MODE\fR]...\fI FILE\fR...
+.br
+.B chmod
+[\fIOPTION\fR]...\fI OCTAL_MODE FILE\fR...
+.br
+.B chmod
+[\fIOPTION\fR]...\fI --reference=RFILE FILE\fR...
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.PP
+This manual page
+documents the GNU version of
+.BR chmod .
+.B chmod
+changes the permissions of each given file according to
+.IR mode ,
+which can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make, or
+an octal number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions.
+.PP
+The format of a symbolic mode is
+`[ugoa...][[+-=][rwxXstugo...]...][,...]'. Multiple symbolic
+operations can be given, separated by commas.
+.PP
+A combination of the letters `ugoa' controls which users' access to
+the file will be changed: the user who owns it (u), other users in the
+file's group (g), other users not in the file's group (o), or all
+users (a). If none of these are given, the effect is as if `a' were
+given, but bits that are set in the umask are not affected.
+.PP
+The operator `+' causes the permissions selected to be added to the
+existing permissions of each file; `-' causes them to be removed; and
+`=' causes them to be the only permissions that the file has.
+.PP
+The letters `rwxXstugo' select the new permissions for the affected
+users: read (r), write (w), execute (or access for directories) (x),
+execute only if the file is a directory or already has execute
+permission for some user (X), set user or group ID on execution (s),
+save program text on swap device (t), the permissions that the user
+who owns the file currently has for it (u), the permissions that other
+users in the file's group have for it (g), and the permissions that
+other users not in the file's group have for it (o).
+.PP
+A numeric mode is from one to four octal digits (0-7), derived by
+adding up the bits with values 4, 2, and 1. Any omitted digits are
+assumed to be leading zeros. The first digit selects the set user ID
+(4) and set group ID (2) and save text image (1) attributes. The
+second digit selects permissions for the user who owns the file: read
+(4), write (2), and execute (1); the third selects permissions for
+other users in the file's group, with the same values; and the fourth
+for other users not in the file's group, with the same values.
+.PP
+.B chmod
+never changes the permissions of symbolic links; the
+.B chmod
+system call cannot change their permissions. This is not a problem
+since the permissions of symbolic links are never used.
+However, for each symbolic link listed on the command line,
+.B chmod
+changes the permissions of the pointed-to file.
+In contrast,
+.B chmod
+ignores symbolic links encountered during recursive directory
+traversals.
+.SH OPTIONS
+.TP
+\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-changes\fR
+like verbose but report only when a change is made
+.TP
+\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-silent\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR
+suppress most error messages
+.TP
+\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-verbose\fR
+output a diagnostic for every file processed
+.TP
+\fB\-\-reference\fR=\fIRFILE\fR
+use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values
+.TP
+\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-recursive\fR
+change files and directories recursively
+.TP
+\fB\-\-help\fR
+display this help and exit
+.TP
+\fB\-\-version\fR
+output version information and exit
+.PP
+Each MODE is one or more of the letters ugoa, one of the symbols +-= and
+one or more of the letters rwxXstugo.
+.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
+Report bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>.
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+The full documentation for
+.B chmod
+is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the
+.B info
+and
+.B chmod
+programs are properly installed at your site, the command
+.IP
+.B info chmod
+.PP
+should give you access to the complete manual.
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