+++ /dev/null
-.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
-.\"
-.\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
-.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
-.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
-.\" preserved on all copies.
-.\"
-.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
-.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one.
-.\"
-.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
-.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
-.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
-.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
-.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
-.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
-.\" professionally.
-.\"
-.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
-.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
-.\" %%%LICENSE_END
-.\"
-.\" References consulted:
-.\" Linux libc source code
-.\" Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
-.\" 386BSD man pages
-.\" Modified Sun Jul 25 10:54:03 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
-.\" Fixed typo, aeb, 950823
-.\" 2002-02-22, joey, mihtjel: Added strtoull()
-.\"
-.TH STRTOUL 3 2014-03-18 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
-.SH NAME
-strtoul, strtoull, strtouq \- convert a string to an unsigned long integer
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.B #include <stdlib.h>
-.sp
-.BI "unsigned long int strtoul(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr \
-", int " base );
-.sp
-.BI "unsigned long long int strtoull(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ,
-.BI " int " base );
-.fi
-.sp
-.in -4n
-Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
-.BR feature_test_macros (7)):
-.in
-.sp
-.ad l
-.BR strtoull ():
-.RS 4
-_XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _ISOC99_SOURCE ||
-_POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L;
-.br
-or
-.I cc\ -std=c99
-.RE
-.ad
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-The
-.BR strtoul ()
-function converts the initial part of the string
-in
-.I nptr
-to an
-.I "unsigned long int"
-value according to the
-given
-.IR base ,
-which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be
-the special value 0.
-.PP
-The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as
-determined by
-.BR isspace (3))
-followed by a single optional \(aq+\(aq or \(aq\-\(aq
-sign.
-If
-.I base
-is zero or 16, the string may then include a
-"0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a
-zero
-.I base
-is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character
-is \(aq0\(aq, in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
-.PP
-The remainder of the string is converted to an
-.I "unsigned long int"
-value in the obvious manner,
-stopping at the first character which is not a
-valid digit in the given base.
-(In bases above 10, the letter \(aqA\(aq in
-either uppercase or lowercase represents 10, \(aqB\(aq represents 11, and so
-forth, with \(aqZ\(aq representing 35.)
-.PP
-If
-.I endptr
-is not NULL,
-.BR strtoul ()
-stores the address of the
-first invalid character in
-.IR *endptr .
-If there were no digits at
-all,
-.BR strtoul ()
-stores the original value of
-.I nptr
-in
-.I *endptr
-(and returns 0).
-In particular, if
-.I *nptr
-is not \(aq\\0\(aq but
-.I **endptr
-is \(aq\\0\(aq on return, the entire string is valid.
-.PP
-The
-.BR strtoull ()
-function works just like the
-.BR strtoul ()
-function but returns an
-.I "unsigned long long int"
-value.
-.SH RETURN VALUE
-The
-.BR strtoul ()
-function returns either the result of the conversion
-or, if there was a leading minus sign, the negation of the result of the
-conversion represented as an unsigned value,
-unless the original (nonnegated) value would overflow; in
-the latter case,
-.BR strtoul ()
-returns
-.B ULONG_MAX
-and sets
-.I errno
-to
-.BR ERANGE .
-Precisely the same holds for
-.BR strtoull ()
-(with
-.B ULLONG_MAX
-instead of
-.BR ULONG_MAX ).
-.SH ERRORS
-.TP
-.B EINVAL
-(not in C99)
-The given
-.I base
-contains an unsupported value.
-.TP
-.B ERANGE
-The resulting value was out of range.
-.LP
-The implementation may also set
-.IR errno
-to
-.B EINVAL
-in case
-no conversion was performed (no digits seen, and 0 returned).
-.SH ATTRIBUTES
-.SS Multithreading (see pthreads(7))
-The
-.BR strtoul (),
-.BR strtoull (),
-and
-.BR strtouq ()
-functions are thread-safe with exceptions.
-These functions can be safely used in multithreaded applications,
-as long as
-.BR setlocale (3)
-is not called to change the locale during their execution.
-.SH CONFORMING TO
-.BR strtoul ()
-conforms to SVr4, C89, C99, and POSIX-2001, and
-.BR strtoull ()
-to C99 and POSIX.1-2001.
-.SH NOTES
-Since
-.BR strtoul ()
-can legitimately return 0 or
-.B ULONG_MAX
-.RB ( ULLONG_MAX
-for
-.BR strtoull ())
-on both success and failure, the calling program should set
-.I errno
-to 0 before the call,
-and then determine if an error occurred by checking whether
-.I errno
-has a nonzero value after the call.
-
-In locales other than the "C" locale, other strings may be accepted.
-(For example, the thousands separator of the current locale may be
-supported.)
-.LP
-BSD also has
-.sp
-.in +4n
-.nf
-.BI "u_quad_t strtouq(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base );
-.sp
-.in -4n
-.fi
-with completely analogous definition.
-Depending on the wordsize of the current architecture, this
-may be equivalent to
-.BR strtoull ()
-or to
-.BR strtoul ().
-
-Negative values are considered valid input and are
-silently converted to the equivalent
-.I "unsigned long int"
-value.
-.SH EXAMPLE
-See the example on the
-.BR strtol (3)
-manual page;
-the use of the functions described in this manual page is similar.
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR atof (3),
-.BR atoi (3),
-.BR atol (3),
-.BR strtod (3),
-.BR strtol (3)
-.SH COLOPHON
-This page is part of release 3.79 of the Linux
-.I man-pages
-project.
-A description of the project,
-information about reporting bugs,
-and the latest version of this page,
-can be found at
-\%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/.
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