#include <sched.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <getopt.h>
-#define ALSA_PCM_NEW_HW_PARAMS_API
-#define ALSA_PCM_NEW_SW_PARAMS_API
#include "../include/asoundlib.h"
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <math.h>
-char *device = "plughw:0,0"; /* playback device */
-snd_pcm_format_t format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16; /* sample format */
-unsigned int rate = 44100; /* stream rate */
-unsigned int channels = 1; /* count of channels */
-unsigned int buffer_time = 500000; /* ring buffer length in us */
-unsigned int period_time = 100000; /* period time in us */
-double freq = 440; /* sinusoidal wave frequency in Hz */
-
-snd_pcm_sframes_t buffer_size;
-snd_pcm_sframes_t period_size;
-snd_output_t *output = NULL;
+static char *device = "plughw:0,0"; /* playback device */
+static snd_pcm_format_t format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16; /* sample format */
+static unsigned int rate = 44100; /* stream rate */
+static unsigned int channels = 1; /* count of channels */
+static unsigned int buffer_time = 500000; /* ring buffer length in us */
+static unsigned int period_time = 100000; /* period time in us */
+static double freq = 440; /* sinusoidal wave frequency in Hz */
+static int verbose = 0; /* verbose flag */
+static int resample = 1; /* enable alsa-lib resampling */
+static int period_event = 0; /* produce poll event after each period */
+
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t buffer_size;
+static snd_pcm_sframes_t period_size;
+static snd_output_t *output = NULL;
static void generate_sine(const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas,
snd_pcm_uframes_t offset,
int count, double *_phase)
{
+ static double max_phase = 2. * M_PI;
double phase = *_phase;
- double max_phase = 1.0 / freq;
- double step = 1.0 / (double)rate;
- double res;
- signed short *samples[channels];
+ double step = max_phase*freq/(double)rate;
+ unsigned char *samples[channels];
int steps[channels];
- int chn, ires;
-
+ unsigned int chn;
+ int format_bits = snd_pcm_format_width(format);
+ unsigned int maxval = (1 << (format_bits - 1)) - 1;
+ int bps = format_bits / 8; /* bytes per sample */
+ int phys_bps = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format) / 8;
+ int big_endian = snd_pcm_format_big_endian(format) == 1;
+ int to_unsigned = snd_pcm_format_unsigned(format) == 1;
+ int is_float = (format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE ||
+ format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE);
+
/* verify and prepare the contents of areas */
for (chn = 0; chn < channels; chn++) {
if ((areas[chn].first % 8) != 0) {
- printf("areas[%i].first == %i, aborting...\n", chn, areas[chn].first);
+ printf("areas[%u].first == %u, aborting...\n", chn, areas[chn].first);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
- samples[chn] = (signed short *)(((unsigned char *)areas[chn].addr) + (areas[chn].first / 8));
+ samples[chn] = /*(signed short *)*/(((unsigned char *)areas[chn].addr) + (areas[chn].first / 8));
if ((areas[chn].step % 16) != 0) {
- printf("areas[%i].step == %i, aborting...\n", chn, areas[chn].step);
+ printf("areas[%u].step == %u, aborting...\n", chn, areas[chn].step);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
- steps[chn] = areas[chn].step / 16;
+ steps[chn] = areas[chn].step / 8;
samples[chn] += offset * steps[chn];
}
/* fill the channel areas */
while (count-- > 0) {
- res = sin((phase * 2 * M_PI) / max_phase - M_PI) * 32767;
- ires = res;
+ union {
+ float f;
+ int i;
+ } fval;
+ int res, i;
+ if (is_float) {
+ fval.f = sin(phase);
+ res = fval.i;
+ } else
+ res = sin(phase) * maxval;
+ if (to_unsigned)
+ res ^= 1U << (format_bits - 1);
for (chn = 0; chn < channels; chn++) {
- *samples[chn] = ires;
+ /* Generate data in native endian format */
+ if (big_endian) {
+ for (i = 0; i < bps; i++)
+ *(samples[chn] + phys_bps - 1 - i) = (res >> i * 8) & 0xff;
+ } else {
+ for (i = 0; i < bps; i++)
+ *(samples[chn] + i) = (res >> i * 8) & 0xff;
+ }
samples[chn] += steps[chn];
}
phase += step;
snd_pcm_access_t access)
{
unsigned int rrate;
+ snd_pcm_uframes_t size;
int err, dir;
/* choose all parameters */
printf("Broken configuration for playback: no configurations available: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
+ /* set hardware resampling */
+ err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_resample(handle, params, resample);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("Resampling setup failed for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ return err;
+ }
/* set the interleaved read/write format */
err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(handle, params, access);
if (err < 0) {
/* set the count of channels */
err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels(handle, params, channels);
if (err < 0) {
- printf("Channels count (%i) not available for playbacks: %s\n", channels, snd_strerror(err));
+ printf("Channels count (%u) not available for playbacks: %s\n", channels, snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
/* set the stream rate */
rrate = rate;
err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(handle, params, &rrate, 0);
if (err < 0) {
- printf("Rate %iHz not available for playback: %s\n", rate, snd_strerror(err));
+ printf("Rate %uHz not available for playback: %s\n", rate, snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
if (rrate != rate) {
- printf("Rate doesn't match (requested %iHz, get %iHz)\n", rate, err);
+ printf("Rate doesn't match (requested %uHz, get %iHz)\n", rate, err);
return -EINVAL;
}
/* set the buffer time */
err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(handle, params, &buffer_time, &dir);
if (err < 0) {
- printf("Unable to set buffer time %i for playback: %s\n", buffer_time, snd_strerror(err));
+ printf("Unable to set buffer time %u for playback: %s\n", buffer_time, snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
- err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size(params, &buffer_size);
+ err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size(params, &size);
if (err < 0) {
printf("Unable to get buffer size for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
+ buffer_size = size;
/* set the period time */
err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near(handle, params, &period_time, &dir);
if (err < 0) {
- printf("Unable to set period time %i for playback: %s\n", period_time, snd_strerror(err));
+ printf("Unable to set period time %u for playback: %s\n", period_time, snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
- err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(params, &period_size, &dir);
- if (err > 0) {
+ err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(params, &size, &dir);
+ if (err < 0) {
printf("Unable to get period size for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
+ period_size = size;
/* write the parameters to device */
err = snd_pcm_hw_params(handle, params);
if (err < 0) {
printf("Unable to determine current swparams for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
- /* start the transfer when the buffer is full */
- err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold(handle, swparams, buffer_size);
+ /* start the transfer when the buffer is almost full: */
+ /* (buffer_size / avail_min) * avail_min */
+ err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold(handle, swparams, (buffer_size / period_size) * period_size);
if (err < 0) {
printf("Unable to set start threshold mode for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
/* allow the transfer when at least period_size samples can be processed */
- err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min(handle, swparams, period_size);
+ /* or disable this mechanism when period event is enabled (aka interrupt like style processing) */
+ err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min(handle, swparams, period_event ? buffer_size : period_size);
if (err < 0) {
printf("Unable to set avail min for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
- /* align all transfers to 1 sample */
- err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_xfer_align(handle, swparams, 1);
- if (err < 0) {
- printf("Unable to set transfer align for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
- return err;
+ /* enable period events when requested */
+ if (period_event) {
+ err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_period_event(handle, swparams, 1);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("Unable to set period event: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ return err;
+ }
}
/* write the parameters to the playback device */
err = snd_pcm_sw_params(handle, swparams);
static int xrun_recovery(snd_pcm_t *handle, int err)
{
+ if (verbose)
+ printf("stream recovery\n");
if (err == -EPIPE) { /* under-run */
err = snd_pcm_prepare(handle);
if (err < 0)
ufds = malloc(sizeof(struct pollfd) * count);
if (ufds == NULL) {
printf("No enough memory\n");
- return err;;
+ return -ENOMEM;
}
if ((err = snd_pcm_poll_descriptors(handle, ufds, count)) < 0) {
printf("Unable to obtain poll descriptors for playback: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
generate_sine(areas, 0, period_size, &data->phase);
err = snd_pcm_writei(handle, samples, period_size);
if (err < 0) {
- printf("Initial write error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ printf("Write error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
if (err != period_size) {
- printf("Initial write error: written %i expected %li\n", err, period_size);
+ printf("Write error: written %i expected %li\n", err, period_size);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
avail = snd_pcm_avail_update(handle);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
+ if (snd_pcm_state(handle) == SND_PCM_STATE_PREPARED) {
+ err = snd_pcm_start(handle);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("Start error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* because all other work is done in the signal handler,
+ suspend the process */
+ while (1) {
+ sleep(1);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Transfer method - asynchronous notification + direct write
+ */
+
+static void async_direct_callback(snd_async_handler_t *ahandler)
+{
+ snd_pcm_t *handle = snd_async_handler_get_pcm(ahandler);
+ struct async_private_data *data = snd_async_handler_get_callback_private(ahandler);
+ const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *my_areas;
+ snd_pcm_uframes_t offset, frames, size;
+ snd_pcm_sframes_t avail, commitres;
+ snd_pcm_state_t state;
+ int first = 0, err;
+
+ while (1) {
+ state = snd_pcm_state(handle);
+ if (state == SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN) {
+ err = xrun_recovery(handle, -EPIPE);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("XRUN recovery failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ first = 1;
+ } else if (state == SND_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED) {
+ err = xrun_recovery(handle, -ESTRPIPE);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("SUSPEND recovery failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ avail = snd_pcm_avail_update(handle);
+ if (avail < 0) {
+ err = xrun_recovery(handle, avail);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("avail update failed: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ first = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (avail < period_size) {
+ if (first) {
+ first = 0;
+ err = snd_pcm_start(handle);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("Start error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ } else {
+ break;
+ }
+ continue;
+ }
+ size = period_size;
+ while (size > 0) {
+ frames = size;
+ err = snd_pcm_mmap_begin(handle, &my_areas, &offset, &frames);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ if ((err = xrun_recovery(handle, err)) < 0) {
+ printf("MMAP begin avail error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ first = 1;
+ }
+ generate_sine(my_areas, offset, frames, &data->phase);
+ commitres = snd_pcm_mmap_commit(handle, offset, frames);
+ if (commitres < 0 || (snd_pcm_uframes_t)commitres != frames) {
+ if ((err = xrun_recovery(handle, commitres >= 0 ? -EPIPE : commitres)) < 0) {
+ printf("MMAP commit error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ first = 1;
+ }
+ size -= frames;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static int async_direct_loop(snd_pcm_t *handle,
+ signed short *samples ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+ snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
+{
+ struct async_private_data data;
+ snd_async_handler_t *ahandler;
+ const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *my_areas;
+ snd_pcm_uframes_t offset, frames, size;
+ snd_pcm_sframes_t commitres;
+ int err, count;
+
+ data.samples = NULL; /* we do not require the global sample area for direct write */
+ data.areas = NULL; /* we do not require the global areas for direct write */
+ data.phase = 0;
+ err = snd_async_add_pcm_handler(&ahandler, handle, async_direct_callback, &data);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ printf("Unable to register async handler\n");
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ for (count = 0; count < 2; count++) {
+ size = period_size;
+ while (size > 0) {
+ frames = size;
+ err = snd_pcm_mmap_begin(handle, &my_areas, &offset, &frames);
+ if (err < 0) {
+ if ((err = xrun_recovery(handle, err)) < 0) {
+ printf("MMAP begin avail error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ generate_sine(my_areas, offset, frames, &data.phase);
+ commitres = snd_pcm_mmap_commit(handle, offset, frames);
+ if (commitres < 0 || (snd_pcm_uframes_t)commitres != frames) {
+ if ((err = xrun_recovery(handle, commitres >= 0 ? -EPIPE : commitres)) < 0) {
+ printf("MMAP commit error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+ size -= frames;
+ }
+ }
err = snd_pcm_start(handle);
if (err < 0) {
printf("Start error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
*/
static int direct_loop(snd_pcm_t *handle,
- signed short *samples,
- snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas)
+ signed short *samples ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
+ snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
{
double phase = 0;
const snd_pcm_channel_area_t *my_areas;
}
generate_sine(my_areas, offset, frames, &phase);
commitres = snd_pcm_mmap_commit(handle, offset, frames);
- if (commitres < 0 || commitres != frames) {
+ if (commitres < 0 || (snd_pcm_uframes_t)commitres != frames) {
if ((err = xrun_recovery(handle, commitres >= 0 ? -EPIPE : commitres)) < 0) {
printf("MMAP commit error: %s\n", snd_strerror(err));
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
{ "write", SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED, write_loop },
{ "write_and_poll", SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED, write_and_poll_loop },
{ "async", SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED, async_loop },
+ { "async_direct", SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED, async_direct_loop },
{ "direct_interleaved", SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED, direct_loop },
{ "direct_noninterleaved", SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_NONINTERLEAVED, direct_loop },
{ "direct_write", SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED, direct_write_loop },
static void help(void)
{
int k;
- printf("\
-Usage: latency [OPTION]... [FILE]...
--h,--help help
--D,--device playback device
--r,--rate stream rate in Hz
--c,--channels count of channels in stream
--f,--frequency sine wave frequency in Hz
--b,--buffer ring buffer size in us
--p,--period period size in us
--m,--method transfer method
-
-");
+ printf(
+"Usage: pcm [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n"
+"-h,--help help\n"
+"-D,--device playback device\n"
+"-r,--rate stream rate in Hz\n"
+"-c,--channels count of channels in stream\n"
+"-f,--frequency sine wave frequency in Hz\n"
+"-b,--buffer ring buffer size in us\n"
+"-p,--period period size in us\n"
+"-m,--method transfer method\n"
+"-o,--format sample format\n"
+"-v,--verbose show the PCM setup parameters\n"
+"-n,--noresample do not resample\n"
+"-e,--pevent enable poll event after each period\n"
+"\n");
printf("Recognized sample formats are:");
- for (k = 0; k < SND_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; ++(unsigned long) k) {
+ for (k = 0; k < SND_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; ++k) {
const char *s = snd_pcm_format_name(k);
if (s)
printf(" %s", s);
{"buffer", 1, NULL, 'b'},
{"period", 1, NULL, 'p'},
{"method", 1, NULL, 'm'},
+ {"format", 1, NULL, 'o'},
+ {"verbose", 1, NULL, 'v'},
+ {"noresample", 1, NULL, 'n'},
+ {"pevent", 1, NULL, 'e'},
{NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
};
snd_pcm_t *handle;
snd_pcm_sw_params_t *swparams;
int method = 0;
signed short *samples;
- int chn;
+ unsigned int chn;
snd_pcm_channel_area_t *areas;
snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(&hwparams);
morehelp = 0;
while (1) {
int c;
- if ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hD:r:c:f:b:p:m:", long_option, NULL)) < 0)
+ if ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hD:r:c:f:b:p:m:o:vne", long_option, NULL)) < 0)
break;
switch (c) {
case 'h':
break;
case 'm':
for (method = 0; transfer_methods[method].name; method++)
- if (!strcasecmp(transfer_methods[method].name, optarg))
+ if (!strcasecmp(transfer_methods[method].name, optarg))
break;
if (transfer_methods[method].name == NULL)
method = 0;
break;
+ case 'o':
+ for (format = 0; format < SND_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; format++) {
+ const char *format_name = snd_pcm_format_name(format);
+ if (format_name)
+ if (!strcasecmp(format_name, optarg))
+ break;
+ }
+ if (format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+ format = SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16;
+ if (!snd_pcm_format_linear(format) &&
+ !(format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE ||
+ format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE)) {
+ printf("Invalid (non-linear/float) format %s\n",
+ optarg);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'v':
+ verbose = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'n':
+ resample = 0;
+ break;
+ case 'e':
+ period_event = 1;
+ break;
}
}
}
printf("Playback device is %s\n", device);
- printf("Stream parameters are %iHz, %s, %i channels\n", rate, snd_pcm_format_name(format), channels);
+ printf("Stream parameters are %uHz, %s, %u channels\n", rate, snd_pcm_format_name(format), channels);
printf("Sine wave rate is %.4fHz\n", freq);
printf("Using transfer method: %s\n", transfer_methods[method].name);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
- samples = malloc((period_size * channels * snd_pcm_format_width(format)) / 8);
+ if (verbose > 0)
+ snd_pcm_dump(handle, output);
+
+ samples = malloc((period_size * channels * snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format)) / 8);
if (samples == NULL) {
printf("No enough memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for (chn = 0; chn < channels; chn++) {
areas[chn].addr = samples;
- areas[chn].first = chn * 16;
- areas[chn].step = channels * 16;
+ areas[chn].first = chn * snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format);
+ areas[chn].step = channels * snd_pcm_format_physical_width(format);
}
err = transfer_methods[method].transfer_loop(handle, samples, areas);
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