Fix the makefiles to fail cleanly if Perl is needed but not present. This

Fix the makefiles to fail cleanly if Perl is needed but not present.  This
used to work as intended, but got broken some time ago (a quoted empty string
is not an empty string), and got broken some more by the changes to generate
ecpg's preproc.y automatically.  Given all the unprotected uses of $(PERL)
elsewhere, it seems best to make use of the $(missing) script rather than
trying to ensure each such use is protected individually.  Also fix various
bits of documentation that omitted to mention Perl as a requirement for
building from a CVS pull.  Per a complaint from Robert Haas.