ART: Force constants into the entry block

ART: Force constants into the entry block

Optimizations such as GVN and BCE make the assumption that all
constants are located in the entry block of the CFG, but not all
passes adhere to this rule.

This patch makes constructors of constants private and only accessible
to friend classes - HGraph for int/long constants and SsaBuilder for
float/double - which ensure that they are placed correctly and not
duplicated.

Note that the ArenaAllocatorAdapter was modified to not increment
the ArenaAllocator's internal reference counter in order to allow
for use of ArenaSafeMap inside an arena-allocated objects. Because
their destructor is not called, the counter does not get decremented.

Change-Id: I36a4fa29ae34fb905cdefd482ccbf386cff14166