static cl::opt<bool> ClInstrumentFastpath(
"esan-instrument-fastpath", cl::init(true),
cl::desc("Instrument fastpath"), cl::Hidden);
+static cl::opt<bool> ClAuxFieldInfo(
+ "esan-aux-field-info", cl::init(true),
+ cl::desc("Generate binary with auxiliary struct field information"),
+ cl::Hidden);
// Experiments show that the performance difference can be 2x or more,
// and accuracy loss is typically negligible, so we turn this on by default.
bool shouldIgnoreStructType(StructType *StructTy);
void createStructCounterName(
StructType *StructTy, SmallString<MaxStructCounterNameSize> &NameStr);
+ void createCacheFragAuxGV(
+ Module &M, const DataLayout &DL, StructType *StructTy,
+ GlobalVariable *&TypeNames, GlobalVariable *&Offsets, GlobalVariable *&Size);
GlobalVariable *createCacheFragInfoGV(Module &M, const DataLayout &DL,
Constant *UnitName);
Constant *createEsanInitToolInfoArg(Module &M, const DataLayout &DL);
}
}
+// Create global variables with auxiliary information (e.g., struct field size,
+// offset, and type name) for better user report.
+void EfficiencySanitizer::createCacheFragAuxGV(
+ Module &M, const DataLayout &DL, StructType *StructTy,
+ GlobalVariable *&TypeName, GlobalVariable *&Offset,
+ GlobalVariable *&Size) {
+ auto *Int8PtrTy = Type::getInt8PtrTy(*Ctx);
+ auto *Int32Ty = Type::getInt32Ty(*Ctx);
+ // FieldTypeName.
+ auto *TypeNameArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int8PtrTy, StructTy->getNumElements());
+ TypeName = new GlobalVariable(M, TypeNameArrayTy, true,
+ GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
+ SmallVector<Constant *, 16> TypeNameVec;
+ // FieldOffset.
+ auto *OffsetArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, StructTy->getNumElements());
+ Offset = new GlobalVariable(M, OffsetArrayTy, true,
+ GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
+ SmallVector<Constant *, 16> OffsetVec;
+ // FieldSize
+ auto *SizeArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, StructTy->getNumElements());
+ Size = new GlobalVariable(M, SizeArrayTy, true,
+ GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
+ SmallVector<Constant *, 16> SizeVec;
+ for (unsigned i = 0; i < StructTy->getNumElements(); ++i) {
+ Type *Ty = StructTy->getElementType(i);
+ std::string Str;
+ raw_string_ostream StrOS(Str);
+ Ty->print(StrOS);
+ TypeNameVec.push_back(
+ ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(
+ createPrivateGlobalForString(M, StrOS.str(), true),
+ Int8PtrTy));
+ OffsetVec.push_back(
+ ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty,
+ DL.getStructLayout(StructTy)->getElementOffset(i)));
+ SizeVec.push_back(ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty,
+ DL.getTypeAllocSize(Ty)));
+ }
+ TypeName->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(TypeNameArrayTy, TypeNameVec));
+ Offset->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(OffsetArrayTy, OffsetVec));
+ Size->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(SizeArrayTy, SizeVec));
+}
+
// Create the global variable for the cache-fragmentation tool.
GlobalVariable *EfficiencySanitizer::createCacheFragInfoGV(
Module &M, const DataLayout &DL, Constant *UnitName) {
// const char *StructName;
// u32 Size;
// u32 NumFields;
- // u32 *FieldOffsets;
- // u32 *FieldSize;
- // const char **FieldTypeNames;
+ // u32 *FieldOffset; // auxiliary struct field info.
+ // u32 *FieldSize; // auxiliary struct field info.
+ // const char **FieldTypeName; // auxiliary struct field info.
// u64 *FieldCounters;
// u64 *ArrayCounter;
// };
// Remember the counter variable for each struct type.
StructTyMap.insert(std::pair<Type *, GlobalVariable *>(StructTy, Counters));
- // We pass the field type name array and offset array to the runtime for
- // better reporting.
- // FieldTypeNames.
- auto *TypeNameArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int8PtrTy, StructTy->getNumElements());
- GlobalVariable *TypeNames =
- new GlobalVariable(M, TypeNameArrayTy, true,
- GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
- SmallVector<Constant *, 16> TypeNameVec;
- // FieldOffsets.
- const StructLayout *SL = DL.getStructLayout(StructTy);
- auto *OffsetArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, StructTy->getNumElements());
- GlobalVariable *Offsets =
- new GlobalVariable(M, OffsetArrayTy, true,
- GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
- SmallVector<Constant *, 16> OffsetVec;
- // FieldSize
- auto *SizeArrayTy = ArrayType::get(Int32Ty, StructTy->getNumElements());
- GlobalVariable *Size =
- new GlobalVariable(M, SizeArrayTy, true,
- GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage, nullptr);
- SmallVector<Constant *, 16> SizeVec;
- for (unsigned i = 0; i < StructTy->getNumElements(); ++i) {
- Type *Ty = StructTy->getElementType(i);
- std::string Str;
- raw_string_ostream StrOS(Str);
- Ty->print(StrOS);
- TypeNameVec.push_back(
- ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(
- createPrivateGlobalForString(M, StrOS.str(), true),
- Int8PtrTy));
- OffsetVec.push_back(ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, SL->getElementOffset(i)));
- SizeVec.push_back(ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty,
- DL.getTypeAllocSize(Ty)));
- }
- TypeNames->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(TypeNameArrayTy, TypeNameVec));
- Offsets->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(OffsetArrayTy, OffsetVec));
- Size->setInitializer(ConstantArray::get(SizeArrayTy, SizeVec));
+ // We pass the field type name array, offset array, and size array to
+ // the runtime for better reporting.
+ GlobalVariable *TypeName = nullptr, *Offset = nullptr, *Size = nullptr;
+ if (ClAuxFieldInfo)
+ createCacheFragAuxGV(M, DL, StructTy, TypeName, Offset, Size);
Constant *FieldCounterIdx[2];
FieldCounterIdx[0] = ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, 0);
ConstantStruct::get(
StructInfoTy,
ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(StructCounterName, Int8PtrTy),
- ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, SL->getSizeInBytes()),
+ ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty,
+ DL.getStructLayout(StructTy)->getSizeInBytes()),
ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, StructTy->getNumElements()),
- ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(Offsets, Int32PtrTy),
- ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(Size, Int32PtrTy),
- ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(TypeNames, Int8PtrPtrTy),
+ Offset == nullptr ? ConstantPointerNull::get(Int32PtrTy) :
+ ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(Offset, Int32PtrTy),
+ Size == nullptr ? ConstantPointerNull::get(Int32PtrTy) :
+ ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(Size, Int32PtrTy),
+ TypeName == nullptr ? ConstantPointerNull::get(Int8PtrPtrTy) :
+ ConstantExpr::getPointerCast(TypeName, Int8PtrPtrTy),
ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(CounterArrayTy, Counters,
FieldCounterIdx),
ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(CounterArrayTy, Counters,
--- /dev/null
+; Test basic EfficiencySanitizer struct field count instrumentation with -esan-small-binary
+;
+; RUN: opt < %s -esan -esan-cache-frag -esan-aux-field-info=false -S | FileCheck %s
+
+%struct.A = type { i32, i32 }
+%union.U = type { double }
+%struct.C = type { %struct.anon, %union.anon, [10 x i8] }
+%struct.anon = type { i32, i32 }
+%union.anon = type { double }
+
+; CHECK: @0 = private unnamed_addr constant [8 x i8] c"<stdin>\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @1 = private unnamed_addr constant [17 x i8] c"struct.A#2#11#11\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @"struct.A#2#11#11" = weak global [3 x i64] zeroinitializer
+; CHECK-NEXT: @2 = private unnamed_addr constant [12 x i8] c"union.U#1#3\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @"union.U#1#3" = weak global [2 x i64] zeroinitializer
+; CHECK-NEXT: @3 = private unnamed_addr constant [20 x i8] c"struct.C#3#14#13#13\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @"struct.C#3#14#13#13" = weak global [4 x i64] zeroinitializer
+; CHECK-NEXT: @4 = private unnamed_addr constant [20 x i8] c"struct.anon#2#11#11\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @"struct.anon#2#11#11" = weak global [3 x i64] zeroinitializer
+; CHECK-NEXT: @5 = private unnamed_addr constant [15 x i8] c"union.anon#1#3\00", align 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: @"union.anon#1#3" = weak global [2 x i64] zeroinitializer
+; CHECK-NEXT: @6 = internal global [5 x { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }] [{ i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @1, i32 0, i32 0), i32 8, i32 2, i32* null, i32* null, i8** null, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0), i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 2) }, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([12 x i8], [12 x i8]* @2, i32 0, i32 0), i32 8, i32 1, i32* null, i32* null, i8** null, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([2 x i64], [2 x i64]* @"union.U#1#3", i32 0, i32 0), i64* getelementptr inbounds ([2 x i64], [2 x i64]* @"union.U#1#3", i32 0, i32 1) }, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([20 x i8], [20 x i8]* @3, i32 0, i32 0), i32 32, i32 3, i32* null, i32* null, i8** null, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 0), i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3) }, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([20 x i8], [20 x i8]* @4, i32 0, i32 0), i32 8, i32 2, i32* null, i32* null, i8** null, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0), i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 2) }, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([15 x i8], [15 x i8]* @5, i32 0, i32 0), i32 8, i32 1, i32* null, i32* null, i8** null, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([2 x i64], [2 x i64]* @"union.anon#1#3", i32 0, i32 0), i64* getelementptr inbounds ([2 x i64], [2 x i64]* @"union.anon#1#3", i32 0, i32 1) }]
+; CHECK-NEXT: @7 = internal constant { i8*, i32, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }* } { i8* getelementptr inbounds ([8 x i8], [8 x i8]* @0, i32 0, i32 0), i32 5, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }* getelementptr inbounds ([5 x { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }], [5 x { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }]* @6, i32 0, i32 0) }
+
+define i32 @main() {
+entry:
+ %a = alloca %struct.A, align 4
+ %u = alloca %union.U, align 8
+ %c = alloca [2 x %struct.C], align 16
+ %k = alloca %struct.A*, align 8
+ %x = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %a, i32 0, i32 0
+ %y = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %a, i32 0, i32 1
+ %f = bitcast %union.U* %u to float*
+ %d = bitcast %union.U* %u to double*
+ %arrayidx = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+ %cs = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx, i32 0, i32 0
+ %x1 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.anon, %struct.anon* %cs, i32 0, i32 0
+ %arrayidx2 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 1
+ %cs3 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx2, i32 0, i32 0
+ %y4 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.anon, %struct.anon* %cs3, i32 0, i32 1
+ %arrayidx5 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+ %cu = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx5, i32 0, i32 1
+ %f6 = bitcast %union.anon* %cu to float*
+ %arrayidx7 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 1
+ %cu8 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx7, i32 0, i32 1
+ %d9 = bitcast %union.anon* %cu8 to double*
+ %arrayidx10 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+ %c11 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx10, i32 0, i32 2
+ %arrayidx12 = getelementptr inbounds [10 x i8], [10 x i8]* %c11, i64 0, i64 2
+ %k1 = load %struct.A*, %struct.A** %k, align 8
+ %arrayidx13 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %k1, i64 0
+ ret i32 0
+}
+
+; CHECK: @llvm.global_ctors = {{.*}}@esan.module_ctor
+; CHECK: @llvm.global_dtors = {{.*}}@esan.module_dtor
+
+; CHECK: %a = alloca %struct.A, align 4
+; CHECK-NEXT: %u = alloca %union.U, align 8
+; CHECK-NEXT: %c = alloca [2 x %struct.C], align 16
+; CHECK-NEXT: %k = alloca %struct.A*, align 8
+; CHECK-NEXT: %0 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %1 = add i64 %0, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %1, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %x = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %a, i32 0, i32 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %2 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %3 = add i64 %2, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %3, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.A#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %y = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %a, i32 0, i32 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %f = bitcast %union.U* %u to float*
+; CHECK-NEXT: %d = bitcast %union.U* %u to double*
+; CHECK-NEXT: %4 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %5 = add i64 %4, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %5, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %6 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %7 = add i64 %6, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %7, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %cs = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx, i32 0, i32 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %8 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %9 = add i64 %8, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %9, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %x1 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.anon, %struct.anon* %cs, i32 0, i32 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %10 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %11 = add i64 %10, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %11, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx2 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %12 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %13 = add i64 %12, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %13, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 0)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %cs3 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx2, i32 0, i32 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %14 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %15 = add i64 %14, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %15, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i64], [3 x i64]* @"struct.anon#2#11#11", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %y4 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.anon, %struct.anon* %cs3, i32 0, i32 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %16 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %17 = add i64 %16, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %17, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx5 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %18 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %19 = add i64 %18, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %19, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %cu = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx5, i32 0, i32 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %f6 = bitcast %union.anon* %cu to float*
+; CHECK-NEXT: %20 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %21 = add i64 %20, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %21, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx7 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %22 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %23 = add i64 %22, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %23, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 1)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %cu8 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx7, i32 0, i32 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: %d9 = bitcast %union.anon* %cu8 to double*
+; CHECK-NEXT: %24 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %25 = add i64 %24, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %25, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 3)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx10 = getelementptr inbounds [2 x %struct.C], [2 x %struct.C]* %c, i64 0, i64 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: %26 = load i64, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 2)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %27 = add i64 %26, 1
+; CHECK-NEXT: store i64 %27, i64* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i64], [4 x i64]* @"struct.C#3#14#13#13", i32 0, i32 2)
+; CHECK-NEXT: %c11 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.C, %struct.C* %arrayidx10, i32 0, i32 2
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx12 = getelementptr inbounds [10 x i8], [10 x i8]* %c11, i64 0, i64 2
+; CHECK-NEXT: %k1 = load %struct.A*, %struct.A** %k, align 8
+; CHECK-NEXT: %arrayidx13 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.A, %struct.A* %k1, i64 0
+; CHECK-NEXT: ret i32 0
+
+;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
+; Top-level:
+
+; CHECK: define internal void @esan.module_ctor()
+; CHECK: call void @__esan_init(i32 1, i8* bitcast ({ i8*, i32, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }* }* @7 to i8*))
+; CHECK: define internal void @esan.module_dtor()
+; CHECK: call void @__esan_exit(i8* bitcast ({ i8*, i32, { i8*, i32, i32, i32*, i32*, i8**, i64*, i64* }* }* @7 to i8*))