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posix-cpu-timers: Utilize timerqueue for storage
authorThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tue, 27 Aug 2019 19:31:02 +0000 (21:31 +0200)
committerThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Wed, 28 Aug 2019 09:50:43 +0000 (11:50 +0200)
Using a linear O(N) search for timer insertion affects execution time and
D-cache footprint badly with a larger number of timers.

Switch the storage to a timerqueue which is already used for hrtimers and
alarmtimers. It does not affect the size of struct k_itimer as it.alarm is
still larger.

The extra list head for the expiry list will go away later once the expiry
is moved into task work context.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1908272129220.1939@nanos.tec.linutronix.de
include/linux/posix-timers.h
include/linux/timerqueue.h
kernel/time/posix-cpu-timers.c

index a9e3f69..f9fbb4c 100644 (file)
@@ -5,17 +5,11 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/list.h>
 #include <linux/alarmtimer.h>
+#include <linux/timerqueue.h>
 
 struct kernel_siginfo;
 struct task_struct;
 
-struct cpu_timer_list {
-       struct list_head entry;
-       u64 expires;
-       struct task_struct *task;
-       int firing;
-};
-
 /*
  * Bit fields within a clockid:
  *
@@ -65,13 +59,57 @@ static inline int clockid_to_fd(const clockid_t clk)
 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX_TIMERS
 
 /**
+ * cpu_timer - Posix CPU timer representation for k_itimer
+ * @node:      timerqueue node to queue in the task/sig
+ * @head:      timerqueue head on which this timer is queued
+ * @task:      Pointer to target task
+ * @elist:     List head for the expiry list
+ * @firing:    Timer is currently firing
+ */
+struct cpu_timer {
+       struct timerqueue_node  node;
+       struct timerqueue_head  *head;
+       struct task_struct      *task;
+       struct list_head        elist;
+       int                     firing;
+};
+
+static inline bool cpu_timer_requeue(struct cpu_timer *ctmr)
+{
+       return timerqueue_add(ctmr->head, &ctmr->node);
+}
+
+static inline bool cpu_timer_enqueue(struct timerqueue_head *head,
+                                    struct cpu_timer *ctmr)
+{
+       ctmr->head = head;
+       return timerqueue_add(head, &ctmr->node);
+}
+
+static inline void cpu_timer_dequeue(struct cpu_timer *ctmr)
+{
+       if (!RB_EMPTY_NODE(&ctmr->node.node))
+               timerqueue_del(ctmr->head, &ctmr->node);
+}
+
+static inline u64 cpu_timer_getexpires(struct cpu_timer *ctmr)
+{
+       return ctmr->node.expires;
+}
+
+static inline void cpu_timer_setexpires(struct cpu_timer *ctmr, u64 exp)
+{
+       ctmr->node.expires = exp;
+}
+
+/**
  * posix_cputimer_base - Container per posix CPU clock
  * @nextevt:           Earliest-expiration cache
- * @cpu_timers:                List heads to queue posix CPU timers
+ * @tqhead:            timerqueue head for cpu_timers
  */
 struct posix_cputimer_base {
        u64                     nextevt;
-       struct list_head        cpu_timers;
+       struct timerqueue_head  tqhead;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -92,14 +130,10 @@ struct posix_cputimers {
 
 static inline void posix_cputimers_init(struct posix_cputimers *pct)
 {
-       pct->timers_active = 0;
-       pct->expiry_active = 0;
+       memset(pct, 0, sizeof(*pct));
        pct->bases[0].nextevt = U64_MAX;
        pct->bases[1].nextevt = U64_MAX;
        pct->bases[2].nextevt = U64_MAX;
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pct->bases[0].cpu_timers);
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pct->bases[1].cpu_timers);
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pct->bases[2].cpu_timers);
 }
 
 void posix_cputimers_group_init(struct posix_cputimers *pct, u64 cpu_limit);
@@ -113,7 +147,6 @@ static inline void posix_cputimers_rt_watchdog(struct posix_cputimers *pct,
 /* Init task static initializer */
 #define INIT_CPU_TIMERBASE(b) {                                                \
        .nextevt        = U64_MAX,                                      \
-       .cpu_timers     = LIST_HEAD_INIT(b.cpu_timers),                 \
 }
 
 #define INIT_CPU_TIMERBASES(b) {                                       \
@@ -182,7 +215,7 @@ struct k_itimer {
                struct {
                        struct hrtimer  timer;
                } real;
-               struct cpu_timer_list   cpu;
+               struct cpu_timer        cpu;
                struct {
                        struct alarm    alarmtimer;
                } alarm;
index aff122f..9388408 100644 (file)
@@ -43,6 +43,16 @@ static inline void timerqueue_init(struct timerqueue_node *node)
        RB_CLEAR_NODE(&node->node);
 }
 
+static inline bool timerqueue_node_queued(struct timerqueue_node *node)
+{
+       return !RB_EMPTY_NODE(&node->node);
+}
+
+static inline bool timerqueue_node_expires(struct timerqueue_node *node)
+{
+       return node->expires;
+}
+
 static inline void timerqueue_init_head(struct timerqueue_head *head)
 {
        head->rb_root = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
index 52f4c99..73c492c 100644 (file)
@@ -96,19 +96,19 @@ static inline int validate_clock_permissions(const clockid_t clock)
  * Update expiry time from increment, and increase overrun count,
  * given the current clock sample.
  */
-static void bump_cpu_timer(struct k_itimer *timer, u64 now)
+static u64 bump_cpu_timer(struct k_itimer *timer, u64 now)
 {
+       u64 delta, incr, expires = timer->it.cpu.node.expires;
        int i;
-       u64 delta, incr;
 
        if (!timer->it_interval)
-               return;
+               return expires;
 
-       if (now < timer->it.cpu.expires)
-               return;
+       if (now < expires)
+               return expires;
 
        incr = timer->it_interval;
-       delta = now + incr - timer->it.cpu.expires;
+       delta = now + incr - expires;
 
        /* Don't use (incr*2 < delta), incr*2 might overflow. */
        for (i = 0; incr < delta - incr; i++)
@@ -118,10 +118,11 @@ static void bump_cpu_timer(struct k_itimer *timer, u64 now)
                if (delta < incr)
                        continue;
 
-               timer->it.cpu.expires += incr;
+               timer->it.cpu.node.expires += incr;
                timer->it_overrun += 1LL << i;
                delta -= incr;
        }
+       return timer->it.cpu.node.expires;
 }
 
 /* Check whether all cache entries contain U64_MAX, i.e. eternal expiry time */
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_create(struct k_itimer *new_timer)
                return -EINVAL;
 
        new_timer->kclock = &clock_posix_cpu;
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new_timer->it.cpu.entry);
+       timerqueue_init(&new_timer->it.cpu.node);
        new_timer->it.cpu.task = p;
        return 0;
 }
@@ -378,10 +379,11 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_create(struct k_itimer *new_timer)
  */
 static int posix_cpu_timer_del(struct k_itimer *timer)
 {
-       int ret = 0;
-       unsigned long flags;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+       struct task_struct *p = ctmr->task;
        struct sighand_struct *sighand;
-       struct task_struct *p = timer->it.cpu.task;
+       unsigned long flags;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!p))
                return -EINVAL;
@@ -393,15 +395,15 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_del(struct k_itimer *timer)
        sighand = lock_task_sighand(p, &flags);
        if (unlikely(sighand == NULL)) {
                /*
-                * We raced with the reaping of the task.
-                * The deletion should have cleared us off the list.
+                * This raced with the reaping of the task. The exit cleanup
+                * should have removed this timer from the timer queue.
                 */
-               WARN_ON_ONCE(!list_empty(&timer->it.cpu.entry));
+               WARN_ON_ONCE(ctmr->head || timerqueue_node_queued(&ctmr->node));
        } else {
                if (timer->it.cpu.firing)
                        ret = TIMER_RETRY;
                else
-                       list_del(&timer->it.cpu.entry);
+                       cpu_timer_dequeue(ctmr);
 
                unlock_task_sighand(p, &flags);
        }
@@ -412,12 +414,16 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_del(struct k_itimer *timer)
        return ret;
 }
 
-static void cleanup_timers_list(struct list_head *head)
+static void cleanup_timerqueue(struct timerqueue_head *head)
 {
-       struct cpu_timer_list *timer, *next;
+       struct timerqueue_node *node;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr;
 
-       list_for_each_entry_safe(timer, next, head, entry)
-               list_del_init(&timer->entry);
+       while ((node = timerqueue_getnext(head))) {
+               timerqueue_del(head, node);
+               ctmr = container_of(node, struct cpu_timer, node);
+               ctmr->head = NULL;
+       }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -429,9 +435,9 @@ static void cleanup_timers_list(struct list_head *head)
  */
 static void cleanup_timers(struct posix_cputimers *pct)
 {
-       cleanup_timers_list(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_PROF].cpu_timers);
-       cleanup_timers_list(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_VIRT].cpu_timers);
-       cleanup_timers_list(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_SCHED].cpu_timers);
+       cleanup_timerqueue(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_PROF].tqhead);
+       cleanup_timerqueue(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_VIRT].tqhead);
+       cleanup_timerqueue(&pct->bases[CPUCLOCK_SCHED].tqhead);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -454,28 +460,18 @@ void posix_cpu_timers_exit_group(struct task_struct *tsk)
  */
 static void arm_timer(struct k_itimer *timer)
 {
-       struct cpu_timer_list *const nt = &timer->it.cpu;
        int clkidx = CPUCLOCK_WHICH(timer->it_clock);
-       struct task_struct *p = timer->it.cpu.task;
-       u64 newexp = timer->it.cpu.expires;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+       u64 newexp = cpu_timer_getexpires(ctmr);
+       struct task_struct *p = ctmr->task;
        struct posix_cputimer_base *base;
-       struct list_head *head, *listpos;
-       struct cpu_timer_list *next;
 
        if (CPUCLOCK_PERTHREAD(timer->it_clock))
                base = p->posix_cputimers.bases + clkidx;
        else
                base = p->signal->posix_cputimers.bases + clkidx;
 
-       listpos = head = &base->cpu_timers;
-       list_for_each_entry(next,head, entry) {
-               if (nt->expires < next->expires)
-                       break;
-               listpos = &next->entry;
-       }
-       list_add(&nt->entry, listpos);
-
-       if (listpos != head)
+       if (!cpu_timer_enqueue(&base->tqhead, ctmr))
                return;
 
        /*
@@ -498,24 +494,26 @@ static void arm_timer(struct k_itimer *timer)
  */
 static void cpu_timer_fire(struct k_itimer *timer)
 {
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+
        if ((timer->it_sigev_notify & ~SIGEV_THREAD_ID) == SIGEV_NONE) {
                /*
                 * User don't want any signal.
                 */
-               timer->it.cpu.expires = 0;
+               cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, 0);
        } else if (unlikely(timer->sigq == NULL)) {
                /*
                 * This a special case for clock_nanosleep,
                 * not a normal timer from sys_timer_create.
                 */
                wake_up_process(timer->it_process);
-               timer->it.cpu.expires = 0;
+               cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, 0);
        } else if (!timer->it_interval) {
                /*
                 * One-shot timer.  Clear it as soon as it's fired.
                 */
                posix_timer_event(timer, 0);
-               timer->it.cpu.expires = 0;
+               cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, 0);
        } else if (posix_timer_event(timer, ++timer->it_requeue_pending)) {
                /*
                 * The signal did not get queued because the signal
@@ -539,10 +537,11 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_set(struct k_itimer *timer, int timer_flags,
 {
        clockid_t clkid = CPUCLOCK_WHICH(timer->it_clock);
        u64 old_expires, new_expires, old_incr, val;
-       struct task_struct *p = timer->it.cpu.task;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+       struct task_struct *p = ctmr->task;
        struct sighand_struct *sighand;
        unsigned long flags;
-       int ret;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!p))
                return -EINVAL;
@@ -562,22 +561,21 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_set(struct k_itimer *timer, int timer_flags,
         * If p has just been reaped, we can no
         * longer get any information about it at all.
         */
-       if (unlikely(sighand == NULL)) {
+       if (unlikely(sighand == NULL))
                return -ESRCH;
-       }
 
        /*
         * Disarm any old timer after extracting its expiry time.
         */
-
-       ret = 0;
        old_incr = timer->it_interval;
-       old_expires = timer->it.cpu.expires;
+       old_expires = cpu_timer_getexpires(ctmr);
+
        if (unlikely(timer->it.cpu.firing)) {
                timer->it.cpu.firing = -1;
                ret = TIMER_RETRY;
-       } else
-               list_del_init(&timer->it.cpu.entry);
+       } else {
+               cpu_timer_dequeue(ctmr);
+       }
 
        /*
         * We need to sample the current value to convert the new
@@ -598,18 +596,16 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_set(struct k_itimer *timer, int timer_flags,
                        old->it_value.tv_nsec = 0;
                } else {
                        /*
-                        * Update the timer in case it has
-                        * overrun already.  If it has,
-                        * we'll report it as having overrun
-                        * and with the next reloaded timer
-                        * already ticking, though we are
-                        * swallowing that pending
-                        * notification here to install the
-                        * new setting.
+                        * Update the timer in case it has overrun already.
+                        * If it has, we'll report it as having overrun and
+                        * with the next reloaded timer already ticking,
+                        * though we are swallowing that pending
+                        * notification here to install the new setting.
                         */
-                       bump_cpu_timer(timer, val);
-                       if (val < timer->it.cpu.expires) {
-                               old_expires = timer->it.cpu.expires - val;
+                       u64 exp = bump_cpu_timer(timer, val);
+
+                       if (val < exp) {
+                               old_expires = exp - val;
                                old->it_value = ns_to_timespec64(old_expires);
                        } else {
                                old->it_value.tv_nsec = 1;
@@ -638,7 +634,7 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_set(struct k_itimer *timer, int timer_flags,
         * For a timer with no notification action, we don't actually
         * arm the timer (we'll just fake it for timer_gettime).
         */
-       timer->it.cpu.expires = new_expires;
+       cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, new_expires);
        if (new_expires != 0 && val < new_expires) {
                arm_timer(timer);
        }
@@ -680,8 +676,9 @@ static int posix_cpu_timer_set(struct k_itimer *timer, int timer_flags,
 static void posix_cpu_timer_get(struct k_itimer *timer, struct itimerspec64 *itp)
 {
        clockid_t clkid = CPUCLOCK_WHICH(timer->it_clock);
-       struct task_struct *p = timer->it.cpu.task;
-       u64 now;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+       u64 now, expires = cpu_timer_getexpires(ctmr);
+       struct task_struct *p = ctmr->task;
 
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!p))
                return;
@@ -691,7 +688,7 @@ static void posix_cpu_timer_get(struct k_itimer *timer, struct itimerspec64 *itp
         */
        itp->it_interval = ktime_to_timespec64(timer->it_interval);
 
-       if (!timer->it.cpu.expires)
+       if (!expires)
                return;
 
        /*
@@ -713,9 +710,9 @@ static void posix_cpu_timer_get(struct k_itimer *timer, struct itimerspec64 *itp
                        /*
                         * The process has been reaped.
                         * We can't even collect a sample any more.
-                        * Call the timer disarmed, nothing else to do.
+                        * Disarm the timer, nothing else to do.
                         */
-                       timer->it.cpu.expires = 0;
+                       cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, 0);
                        return;
                } else {
                        now = cpu_clock_sample_group(clkid, p, false);
@@ -723,8 +720,8 @@ static void posix_cpu_timer_get(struct k_itimer *timer, struct itimerspec64 *itp
                }
        }
 
-       if (now < timer->it.cpu.expires) {
-               itp->it_value = ns_to_timespec64(timer->it.cpu.expires - now);
+       if (now < expires) {
+               itp->it_value = ns_to_timespec64(expires - now);
        } else {
                /*
                 * The timer should have expired already, but the firing
@@ -735,37 +732,41 @@ static void posix_cpu_timer_get(struct k_itimer *timer, struct itimerspec64 *itp
        }
 }
 
-static unsigned long long
-check_timers_list(struct list_head *timers,
-                 struct list_head *firing,
-                 unsigned long long curr)
-{
-       int maxfire = 20;
-
-       while (!list_empty(timers)) {
-               struct cpu_timer_list *t;
-
-               t = list_first_entry(timers, struct cpu_timer_list, entry);
+#define MAX_COLLECTED  20
 
-               if (!--maxfire || curr < t->expires)
-                       return t->expires;
-
-               t->firing = 1;
-               list_move_tail(&t->entry, firing);
+static u64 collect_timerqueue(struct timerqueue_head *head,
+                             struct list_head *firing, u64 now)
+{
+       struct timerqueue_node *next;
+       int i = 0;
+
+       while ((next = timerqueue_getnext(head))) {
+               struct cpu_timer *ctmr;
+               u64 expires;
+
+               ctmr = container_of(next, struct cpu_timer, node);
+               expires = cpu_timer_getexpires(ctmr);
+               /* Limit the number of timers to expire at once */
+               if (++i == MAX_COLLECTED || now < expires)
+                       return expires;
+
+               ctmr->firing = 1;
+               cpu_timer_dequeue(ctmr);
+               list_add_tail(&ctmr->elist, firing);
        }
 
        return U64_MAX;
 }
 
-static void collect_posix_cputimers(struct posix_cputimers *pct,
-                                   u64 *samples, struct list_head *firing)
+static void collect_posix_cputimers(struct posix_cputimers *pct, u64 *samples,
+                                   struct list_head *firing)
 {
        struct posix_cputimer_base *base = pct->bases;
        int i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < CPUCLOCK_MAX; i++, base++) {
-               base->nextevt = check_timers_list(&base->cpu_timers, firing,
-                                                  samples[i]);
+               base->nextevt = collect_timerqueue(&base->tqhead, firing,
+                                                   samples[i]);
        }
 }
 
@@ -948,7 +949,8 @@ static void check_process_timers(struct task_struct *tsk,
 static void posix_cpu_timer_rearm(struct k_itimer *timer)
 {
        clockid_t clkid = CPUCLOCK_WHICH(timer->it_clock);
-       struct task_struct *p = timer->it.cpu.task;
+       struct cpu_timer *ctmr = &timer->it.cpu;
+       struct task_struct *p = ctmr->task;
        struct sighand_struct *sighand;
        unsigned long flags;
        u64 now;
@@ -980,7 +982,7 @@ static void posix_cpu_timer_rearm(struct k_itimer *timer)
                         * The process has been reaped.
                         * We can't even collect a sample any more.
                         */
-                       timer->it.cpu.expires = 0;
+                       cpu_timer_setexpires(ctmr, 0);
                        return;
                } else if (unlikely(p->exit_state) && thread_group_empty(p)) {
                        /* If the process is dying, no need to rearm */
@@ -1124,11 +1126,11 @@ void run_posix_cpu_timers(void)
         * each timer's lock before clearing its firing flag, so no
         * timer call will interfere.
         */
-       list_for_each_entry_safe(timer, next, &firing, it.cpu.entry) {
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(timer, next, &firing, it.cpu.elist) {
                int cpu_firing;
 
                spin_lock(&timer->it_lock);
-               list_del_init(&timer->it.cpu.entry);
+               list_del_init(&timer->it.cpu.elist);
                cpu_firing = timer->it.cpu.firing;
                timer->it.cpu.firing = 0;
                /*
@@ -1204,6 +1206,7 @@ static int do_cpu_nanosleep(const clockid_t which_clock, int flags,
        timer.it_overrun = -1;
        error = posix_cpu_timer_create(&timer);
        timer.it_process = current;
+
        if (!error) {
                static struct itimerspec64 zero_it;
                struct restart_block *restart;
@@ -1219,7 +1222,7 @@ static int do_cpu_nanosleep(const clockid_t which_clock, int flags,
                }
 
                while (!signal_pending(current)) {
-                       if (timer.it.cpu.expires == 0) {
+                       if (!cpu_timer_getexpires(&timer.it.cpu)) {
                                /*
                                 * Our timer fired and was reset, below
                                 * deletion can not fail.
@@ -1241,7 +1244,7 @@ static int do_cpu_nanosleep(const clockid_t which_clock, int flags,
                /*
                 * We were interrupted by a signal.
                 */
-               expires = timer.it.cpu.expires;
+               expires = cpu_timer_getexpires(&timer.it.cpu);
                error = posix_cpu_timer_set(&timer, 0, &zero_it, &it);
                if (!error) {
                        /*