checkpatch: add warning for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi]

Modifiers %h and %hh should never be used.

Commit cbacb5ab0aa0 ("docs: printk-formats: Stop encouraging use of
unnecessary %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi]") specifies that:

 "Standard integer promotion is already done and %hx and %hhx is useless
  so do not encourage the use of %hh[xudi] or %h[xudi]."

 "The "h" and "hh" things should never be used. The only reason for them
  being used if you have an "int", but you want to print it out as a
  "char" (and honestly, that is a really bad reason, you'd be better off
  just using a proper cast to make the code more obvious)."

Add a new check to emit a warning on finding an unneeded use of %h or
%hh modifier.

Also add a fix option to the check.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/4910042649a4f3ab22fac93191b8c1fa0a2e17c3.camel@perches.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201128200046.78739-1-dwaipayanray1@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dwaipayan Ray <dwaipayanray1@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Suggested-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

diff --git a/scripts/checkpatch.pl b/scripts/checkpatch.pl
index d7616a6..2716b9b 100755 (executable)
--- a/scripts/checkpatch.pl
+++ b/scripts/checkpatch.pl
@@ -6102,6 +6102,28 @@ sub process {
                             "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
                }
 
+# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
+               if (defined $stat &&
+                   $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
+                   index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
+                       my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
+                       $lc = $lc + $linenr;
+                       my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
+                       pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
+                       while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
+                               my $pspec = $1;
+                               my $h = $2;
+                               my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
+                               if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
+                                        "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
+                                   $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
+                                       my $nspec = $pspec;
+                                       $nspec =~ s/h//g;
+                                       $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
                if ($perl_version_ok &&
                    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&