-<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.136 2010/04/03 07:22:53 petere Exp $ -->
+<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/client-auth.sgml,v 1.137 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter id="client-authentication">
<title>Client Authentication</title>
<para>
The general format of the <filename>pg_hba.conf</filename> file is
a set of records, one per line. Blank lines are ignored, as is any
- text after the <literal>#</literal> comment character. A record is made
+ text after the <literal>#</literal> comment character.
+ Records cannot be continued across lines.
+ A record is made
up of a number of fields which are separated by spaces and/or tabs.
Fields can contain white space if the field value is quoted.
- Quoting one of the keywords in database or username field (e.g "all"
- or "replication") makes the name lose its special character, and just
- match a database or username with that name. Records cannot be
- continued across lines.
+ Quoting one of the keywords in a database or username field (e.g.,
+ <literal>all</> or <literal>replication</>) makes the word lose its special
+ character, and just match a database or user with that name.
</para>
<para>
name as the requested database. (<literal>samegroup</> is an
obsolete but still accepted spelling of <literal>samerole</>.)
The value <literal>replication</> specifies that the record
- matches if streaming replication is requested.
+ matches if a replication connection is requested (note that
+ replication connections do not specify any particular database).
Otherwise, this is the name of
a specific <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> database.
Multiple database names can be supplied by separating them with
Typical examples of a <replaceable>CIDR-address</replaceable> are
<literal>172.20.143.89/32</literal> for a single host, or
<literal>172.20.143.0/24</literal> for a small network, or
- <literal>10.6.0.0/16</literal> for a larger one.
+ <literal>10.6.0.0/16</literal> for a larger one.
<literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal> (<quote>all balls</>) represents all addresses.
To specify a single host, use a CIDR mask of 32 for IPv4 or
128 for IPv6. In a network address, do not omit trailing zeroes.
-<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml,v 1.61 2010/04/20 11:15:06 rhaas Exp $ -->
+<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml,v 1.62 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter id="high-availability">
<title>High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication</title>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="preparing-master-for-standby">
- <title>Preparing Master for Standby Servers</title>
+ <title>Preparing the Master for Standby Servers</title>
<para>
Set up continuous archiving on the primary to an archive directory
</para>
<para>
- If you want to use streaming replication, set up authentication to allow
- streaming replication connections and set <varname>max_wal_senders</> in
- the configuration file of the primary server.
+ If you want to use streaming replication, set up authentication on the
+ primary server to allow replication connections from the standby
+ server(s); that is, provide a suitable entry or entries in
+ <filename>pg_hba.conf</> with the database field set to
+ <literal>replication</>. Also ensure <varname>max_wal_senders</> is set
+ to a sufficiently large value in the configuration file of the primary
+ server.
</para>
<para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="standby-server-setup">
- <title>Setting up the standby server</title>
+ <title>Setting Up a Standby Server</title>
<para>
To set up the standby server, restore the base backup taken from primary
<para>
Do not use pg_standby or similar tools with the built-in standby mode
described here. <varname>restore_command</> should return immediately
- if the file does not exist, the server will retry the command again if
+ if the file does not exist; the server will retry the command again if
necessary. See <xref linkend="log-shipping-alternative">
for using tools like pg_standby.
</para>
<sect3 id="streaming-replication-authentication">
<title>Authentication</title>
<para>
- It is very important that the access privilege for replication be setup
- properly so that only trusted users can read the WAL stream, because it is
- easy to extract privileged information from it.
+ It is very important that the access privileges for replication be set up
+ so that only trusted users can read the WAL stream, because it is
+ easy to extract privileged information from it. Standby servers must
+ authenticate to the primary as a superuser account.
+ So a role with the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</>
+ privileges needs to be created on the primary.
</para>
<para>
- Only the superuser is allowed to connect to the primary as the replication
- standby. So a role with the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</>
- privileges needs to be created in the primary.
- </para>
- <para>
- Client authentication for replication is controlled by the
+ Client authentication for replication is controlled by a
<filename>pg_hba.conf</> record specifying <literal>replication</> in the
<replaceable>database</> field. For example, if the standby is running on
host IP <literal>192.168.1.100</> and the superuser's name for replication
is <literal>foo</>, the administrator can add the following line to the
- <filename>pg_hba.conf</> file on the primary.
+ <filename>pg_hba.conf</> file on the primary:
<programlisting>
# Allow the user "foo" from host 192.168.1.100 to connect to the primary
port <literal>5432</literal>, the superuser's name for replication is
<literal>foo</>, and the password is <literal>foopass</>, the administrator
can add the following line to the <filename>recovery.conf</> file on the
- standby.
+ standby:
<programlisting>
# The standby connects to the primary that is running on host 192.168.1.50
# and port 5432 as the user "foo" whose password is "foopass".
primary_conninfo = 'host=192.168.1.50 port=5432 user=foo password=foopass'
</programlisting>
-
- You do not need to specify <literal>database=replication</> in the
- <varname>primary_conninfo</varname>. The required option will be added
- automatically. If you mention the database parameter at all within
- <varname>primary_conninfo</varname> then a FATAL error will be raised.
</para>
</sect3>
<filename>pg_control</> contains the location where WAL replay will
begin after restoring from the backup; backing it up first ensures
that it points to the last restartpoint when the backup started, not
- some later restartpoint that happened while files were copied to the
+ some later restartpoint that happened while files were copied to the
backup.
</para>
</listitem>
-<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml,v 2.4 2010/04/07 10:58:49 heikki Exp $ -->
+<!-- $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml,v 2.5 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $ -->
<chapter Id="recovery-config">
<title>Recovery Configuration</title>
</indexterm>
<para>
- This chapter describes the settings available in
- <filename>recovery.conf</> file. They apply only for the duration of
- the recovery. (A sample file, <filename>share/recovery.conf.sample</>,
- exists in the installation's <filename>share/</> directory.) They must
- be reset for any subsequent recovery you wish to perform. They cannot
- be changed once recovery has begun.
+ This chapter describes the settings available in the
+ <filename>recovery.conf</> file. They apply only for the duration of the
+ recovery. They must be reset for any subsequent recovery you wish to
+ perform. They cannot be changed once recovery has begun.
</para>
<para>
value, write two quotes (<literal>''</>).
</para>
+ <para>
+ A sample file, <filename>share/recovery.conf.sample</>,
+ is provided in the installation's <filename>share/</> directory.
+ </para>
+
<sect1 id="archive-recovery-settings">
<title>Archive recovery settings</title>
<para>
Specifies whether to start the <productname>PostgreSQL</> server as
a standby. If this parameter is <literal>on</>, the server will
- not end recovery when the end of archived WAL is reached, but
- will keep trying to continue recovery using <varname>restore_command</>
- and by connecting to the primary server as specified by the
+ not stop recovery when the end of archived WAL is reached, but
+ will keep trying to continue recovery by fetching new WAL segments
+ using <varname>restore_command</>
+ and/or by connecting to the primary server as specified by the
<varname>primary_conninfo</> setting.
</para>
</listitem>
defaults are used.
</para>
<para>
- The built-in replication requires that a host name (or host address)
- or port number which the primary server listens on be
- specified in this string. Also ensure that a role with
- the <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</> privileges on the
- primary is set (see
- <xref linkend="streaming-replication-authentication">). Note that
- the password needs to be set if the primary demands password
- authentication.
+ The connection string should specify the host name (or address)
+ of the primary server, as well as the port number if it is not
+ the same as the standby server's default.
+ Also specify a user name corresponding to a role that has the
+ <literal>SUPERUSER</> and <literal>LOGIN</> privileges on the
+ primary (see
+ <xref linkend="streaming-replication-authentication">).
+ A password needs to be provided too, if the primary demands password
+ authentication. (The password can be provided either in
+ the <varname>primary_conninfo</varname> string or in a separate
+ <filename>~/.pgpass</> file on the standby server.)
+ Do not specify a database name in the
+ <varname>primary_conninfo</varname> string.
</para>
<para>
This setting has no effect if <varname>standby_mode</> is <literal>off</>.
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/auth.c,v 1.199 2010/04/19 19:02:18 sriggs Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/auth.c,v 1.200 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#include "libpq/pqformat.h"
#include "libpq/md5.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
+#include "replication/walsender.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h"
switch (port->hba->auth_method)
{
case uaReject:
+ case uaImplicitReject:
errstr = gettext_noop("authentication failed for user \"%s\": host rejected");
break;
case uaKrb5:
case uaReject:
/*
- * An explicit "reject" entry in pg_hba.conf. Take pity on the poor
- * user and issue a helpful error message.
- * NOTE: this is not a security breach, because all the info
- * reported here is known at the frontend and must be assumed
- * known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less clueful
- * good guys.
+ * An explicit "reject" entry in pg_hba.conf. This report exposes
+ * the fact that there's an explicit reject entry, which is perhaps
+ * not so desirable from a security standpoint; but the message
+ * for an implicit reject could confuse the DBA a lot when the
+ * true situation is a match to an explicit reject. And we don't
+ * want to change the message for an implicit reject. As noted
+ * below, the additional information shown here doesn't expose
+ * anything not known to an attacker.
*/
{
char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST];
NULL, 0,
NI_NUMERICHOST);
+ if (am_walsender)
+ {
#ifdef USE_SSL
- ereport(FATAL,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
- errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
- hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name,
- port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects replication connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", %s",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else
- ereport(FATAL,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
- errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
- hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name)));
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects replication connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\"",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name)));
#endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#ifdef USE_SSL
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->database_name,
+ port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
+#else
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("pg_hba.conf rejects connection for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->database_name)));
+#endif
+ }
break;
}
case uaImplicitReject:
/*
- * No matching entry so tell the user we fell through.
- * NOTE: this is not a security breach, because all the info
- * reported here is known at the frontend and must be assumed
- * known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less clueful
- * good guys.
+ * No matching entry, so tell the user we fell through.
+ *
+ * NOTE: the extra info reported here is not a security breach,
+ * because all that info is known at the frontend and must be
+ * assumed known to bad guys. We're merely helping out the less
+ * clueful good guys.
*/
{
char hostinfo[NI_MAXHOST];
NULL, 0,
NI_NUMERICHOST);
+ if (am_walsender)
+ {
#ifdef USE_SSL
- ereport(FATAL,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
- errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
- hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name,
- port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for replication connection from host \"%s\", user \"%s\", %s",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
#else
- ereport(FATAL,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
- errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
- hostinfo, port->user_name, port->database_name)));
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for replication connection from host \"%s\", user \"%s\"",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name)));
+#endif
+ }
+ else
+ {
+#ifdef USE_SSL
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\", %s",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->database_name,
+ port->ssl ? _("SSL on") : _("SSL off"))));
+#else
+ ereport(FATAL,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_AUTHORIZATION_SPECIFICATION),
+ errmsg("no pg_hba.conf entry for host \"%s\", user \"%s\", database \"%s\"",
+ hostinfo, port->user_name,
+ port->database_name)));
#endif
+ }
break;
}
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/hba.c,v 1.205 2010/04/19 19:02:18 sriggs Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/libpq/hba.c,v 1.206 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
tok != NULL;
tok = strtok(NULL, MULTI_VALUE_SEP))
{
- if (strcmp(tok, "all\n") == 0)
+ if (am_walsender)
+ {
+ /* walsender connections can only match replication keyword */
+ if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0)
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (strcmp(tok, "all\n") == 0)
return true;
else if (strcmp(tok, "sameuser\n") == 0)
{
if (is_member(roleid, dbname))
return true;
}
- else if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0 &&
- am_walsender)
- return true;
+ else if (strcmp(tok, "replication\n") == 0)
+ continue; /* never match this if not walsender */
else if (strcmp(tok, dbname) == 0)
return true;
}
*
* Note that STATUS_ERROR indicates a problem with the hba config file.
* If the file is OK but does not contain any entry matching the request,
- * we return STATUS_OK and method = uaReject.
+ * we return STATUS_OK and method = uaImplicitReject.
*/
int
hba_getauthmethod(hbaPort *port)
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/replication/libpqwalreceiver/libpqwalreceiver.c,v 1.9 2010/04/19 14:10:45 mha Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/replication/libpqwalreceiver/libpqwalreceiver.c,v 1.10 2010/04/21 03:32:53 tgl Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
streamConn = PQconnectdb(conninfo_repl);
if (PQstatus(streamConn) != CONNECTION_OK)
ereport(ERROR,
- (errmsg("could not connect to the primary server : %s",
+ (errmsg("could not connect to the primary server: %s",
PQerrorMessage(streamConn))));
/*
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