cgroup: update how a newly forked task gets associated with css_set

When a new process is forked, cgroup_fork() associates it with the
css_set of its parent but doesn't link it into it.  After the new
process is linked to tasklist, cgroup_post_fork() does the linking.

This is problematic for cgroup_transfer_tasks() as there's no way to
tell whether there are tasks which are pointing to a css_set but not
linked yet.  It is impossible to implement an operation which transfer
all tasks of a cgroup to another and the current
cgroup_transfer_tasks() can easily be tricked into leaving a newly
forked process behind if it gets called between cgroup_fork() and
cgroup_post_fork().

Let's make association with a css_set and linking atomic by moving it
to cgroup_post_fork().  cgroup_fork() sets child->cgroups to
init_css_set as a placeholder and cgroup_post_fork() is updated to
perform both the association with the parent's cgroup and linking
there.  This means that a newly created task will point to
init_css_set without holding a ref to it much like what it does on the
exit path.  Empty cg_list is used to indicate that the task isn't
holding a ref to the associated css_set.

This fixes an actual bug with cgroup_transfer_tasks(); however, I'm
not marking it for -stable.  The whole thing is broken in multiple
other ways which require invasive updates to fix and I don't think
it's worthwhile to bother with backporting this particular one.
Fortunately, the only user is cpuset and these bugs don't crash the
machine.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>

diff --git a/kernel/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup.c
index a93f6f1..fa0567f 100644 (file)
--- a/kernel/cgroup.c
+++ b/kernel/cgroup.c
@@ -1342,8 +1342,12 @@ static void cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists(void)
                 * racing against cgroup_exit().
                 */
                spin_lock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
-               if (!(p->flags & PF_EXITING))
-                       list_add(&p->cg_list, &task_css_set(p)->tasks);
+               if (!(p->flags & PF_EXITING)) {
+                       struct css_set *cset = task_css_set(p);
+
+                       list_add(&p->cg_list, &cset->tasks);
+                       get_css_set(cset);
+               }
                spin_unlock_irq(&p->sighand->siglock);
 
                task_unlock(p);
@@ -1911,6 +1915,10 @@ static int cgroup_migrate(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct task_struct *leader,
                if (task->flags & PF_EXITING)
                        goto next;
 
+               /* leave @task alone if post_fork() hasn't linked it yet */
+               if (list_empty(&task->cg_list))
+                       goto next;
+
                cset = task_css_set(task);
                if (!cset->mg_src_cgrp)
                        goto next;
@@ -2815,6 +2823,12 @@ void css_task_iter_end(struct css_task_iter *it)
  * cgroup_trasnsfer_tasks - move tasks from one cgroup to another
  * @to: cgroup to which the tasks will be moved
  * @from: cgroup in which the tasks currently reside
+ *
+ * Locking rules between cgroup_post_fork() and the migration path
+ * guarantee that, if a task is forking while being migrated, the new child
+ * is guaranteed to be either visible in the source cgroup after the
+ * parent's migration is complete or put into the target cgroup.  No task
+ * can slip out of migration through forking.
  */
 int cgroup_transfer_tasks(struct cgroup *to, struct cgroup *from)
 {
@@ -4243,27 +4257,16 @@ static const struct file_operations proc_cgroupstats_operations = {
 };
 
 /**
- * cgroup_fork - attach newly forked task to its parents cgroup.
+ * cgroup_fork - initialize cgroup related fields during copy_process()
  * @child: pointer to task_struct of forking parent process.
  *
- * Description: A task inherits its parent's cgroup at fork().
- *
- * A pointer to the shared css_set was automatically copied in
- * fork.c by dup_task_struct().  However, we ignore that copy, since
- * it was not made under the protection of RCU or cgroup_mutex, so
- * might no longer be a valid cgroup pointer.  cgroup_attach_task() might
- * have already changed current->cgroups, allowing the previously
- * referenced cgroup group to be removed and freed.
- *
- * At the point that cgroup_fork() is called, 'current' is the parent
- * task, and the passed argument 'child' points to the child task.
+ * A task is associated with the init_css_set until cgroup_post_fork()
+ * attaches it to the parent's css_set.  Empty cg_list indicates that
+ * @child isn't holding reference to its css_set.
  */
 void cgroup_fork(struct task_struct *child)
 {
-       task_lock(current);
-       get_css_set(task_css_set(current));
-       child->cgroups = current->cgroups;
-       task_unlock(current);
+       RCU_INIT_POINTER(child->cgroups, &init_css_set);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&child->cg_list);
 }
 
@@ -4283,21 +4286,38 @@ void cgroup_post_fork(struct task_struct *child)
        int i;
 
        /*
-        * use_task_css_set_links is set to 1 before we walk the tasklist
-        * under the tasklist_lock and we read it here after we added the child
-        * to the tasklist under the tasklist_lock as well. If the child wasn't
-        * yet in the tasklist when we walked through it from
-        * cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists(), then use_task_css_set_links value
-        * should be visible now due to the paired locking and barriers implied
-        * by LOCK/UNLOCK: it is written before the tasklist_lock unlock
-        * in cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists() and read here after the tasklist_lock
-        * lock on fork.
+        * This may race against cgroup_enable_task_cg_links().  As that
+        * function sets use_task_css_set_links before grabbing
+        * tasklist_lock and we just went through tasklist_lock to add
+        * @child, it's guaranteed that either we see the set
+        * use_task_css_set_links or cgroup_enable_task_cg_lists() sees
+        * @child during its iteration.
+        *
+        * If we won the race, @child is associated with %current's
+        * css_set.  Grabbing css_set_rwsem guarantees both that the
+        * association is stable, and, on completion of the parent's
+        * migration, @child is visible in the source of migration or
+        * already in the destination cgroup.  This guarantee is necessary
+        * when implementing operations which need to migrate all tasks of
+        * a cgroup to another.
+        *
+        * Note that if we lose to cgroup_enable_task_cg_links(), @child
+        * will remain in init_css_set.  This is safe because all tasks are
+        * in the init_css_set before cg_links is enabled and there's no
+        * operation which transfers all tasks out of init_css_set.
         */
        if (use_task_css_set_links) {
+               struct css_set *cset;
+
                down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
+               cset = task_css_set_check(current,
+                                         lockdep_is_held(&css_set_rwsem));
                task_lock(child);
-               if (list_empty(&child->cg_list))
-                       list_add(&child->cg_list, &task_css_set(child)->tasks);
+               if (list_empty(&child->cg_list)) {
+                       rcu_assign_pointer(child->cgroups, cset);
+                       list_add(&child->cg_list, &cset->tasks);
+                       get_css_set(cset);
+               }
                task_unlock(child);
                up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
        }
@@ -4353,6 +4373,7 @@ void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int run_callbacks)
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
        struct css_set *cset;
+       bool put_cset = false;
        int i;
 
        /*
@@ -4361,8 +4382,10 @@ void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int run_callbacks)
         */
        if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list)) {
                down_write(&css_set_rwsem);
-               if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list))
+               if (!list_empty(&tsk->cg_list)) {
                        list_del_init(&tsk->cg_list);
+                       put_cset = true;
+               }
                up_write(&css_set_rwsem);
        }
 
@@ -4384,7 +4407,8 @@ void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int run_callbacks)
        }
        task_unlock(tsk);
 
-       put_css_set(cset, true);
+       if (put_cset)
+               put_css_set(cset, true);
 }
 
 static void check_for_release(struct cgroup *cgrp)