// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package extra25519 import ( "crypto/sha512" "github.com/tendermint/ed25519/edwards25519" ) // PrivateKeyToCurve25519 converts an ed25519 private key into a corresponding // curve25519 private key such that the resulting curve25519 public key will // equal the result from PublicKeyToCurve25519. func PrivateKeyToCurve25519(curve25519Private *[32]byte, privateKey *[64]byte) { h := sha512.New() h.Write(privateKey[:32]) digest := h.Sum(nil) digest[0] &= 248 digest[31] &= 127 digest[31] |= 64 copy(curve25519Private[:], digest) } func edwardsToMontgomeryX(outX, y *edwards25519.FieldElement) { // We only need the x-coordinate of the curve25519 point, which I'll // call u. The isomorphism is u=(y+1)/(1-y), since y=Y/Z, this gives // u=(Y+Z)/(Z-Y). We know that Z=1, thus u=(Y+1)/(1-Y). var oneMinusY edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeOne(&oneMinusY) edwards25519.FeSub(&oneMinusY, &oneMinusY, y) edwards25519.FeInvert(&oneMinusY, &oneMinusY) edwards25519.FeOne(outX) edwards25519.FeAdd(outX, outX, y) edwards25519.FeMul(outX, outX, &oneMinusY) } // PublicKeyToCurve25519 converts an Ed25519 public key into the curve25519 // public key that would be generated from the same private key. func PublicKeyToCurve25519(curve25519Public *[32]byte, publicKey *[32]byte) bool { var A edwards25519.ExtendedGroupElement if !A.FromBytes(publicKey) { return false } // A.Z = 1 as a postcondition of FromBytes. var x edwards25519.FieldElement edwardsToMontgomeryX(&x, &A.Y) edwards25519.FeToBytes(curve25519Public, &x) return true } // sqrtMinusAPlus2 is sqrt(-(486662+2)) var sqrtMinusAPlus2 = edwards25519.FieldElement{ -12222970, -8312128, -11511410, 9067497, -15300785, -241793, 25456130, 14121551, -12187136, 3972024, } // sqrtMinusHalf is sqrt(-1/2) var sqrtMinusHalf = edwards25519.FieldElement{ -17256545, 3971863, 28865457, -1750208, 27359696, -16640980, 12573105, 1002827, -163343, 11073975, } // halfQMinus1Bytes is (2^255-20)/2 expressed in little endian form. var halfQMinus1Bytes = [32]byte{ 0xf6, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x3f, } // feBytesLess returns one if a <= b and zero otherwise. func feBytesLE(a, b *[32]byte) int32 { equalSoFar := int32(-1) greater := int32(0) for i := uint(31); i < 32; i-- { x := int32(a[i]) y := int32(b[i]) greater = (^equalSoFar & greater) | (equalSoFar & ((x - y) >> 31)) equalSoFar = equalSoFar & (((x ^ y) - 1) >> 31) } return int32(^equalSoFar & 1 & greater) } // ScalarBaseMult computes a curve25519 public key from a private key and also // a uniform representative for that public key. Note that this function will // fail and return false for about half of private keys. // See http://elligator.cr.yp.to/elligator-20130828.pdf. func ScalarBaseMult(publicKey, representative, privateKey *[32]byte) bool { var maskedPrivateKey [32]byte copy(maskedPrivateKey[:], privateKey[:]) maskedPrivateKey[0] &= 248 maskedPrivateKey[31] &= 127 maskedPrivateKey[31] |= 64 var A edwards25519.ExtendedGroupElement edwards25519.GeScalarMultBase(&A, &maskedPrivateKey) var inv1 edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSub(&inv1, &A.Z, &A.Y) edwards25519.FeMul(&inv1, &inv1, &A.X) edwards25519.FeInvert(&inv1, &inv1) var t0, u edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeMul(&u, &inv1, &A.X) edwards25519.FeAdd(&t0, &A.Y, &A.Z) edwards25519.FeMul(&u, &u, &t0) var v edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeMul(&v, &t0, &inv1) edwards25519.FeMul(&v, &v, &A.Z) edwards25519.FeMul(&v, &v, &sqrtMinusAPlus2) var b edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeAdd(&b, &u, &edwards25519.A) var c, b3, b7, b8 edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSquare(&b3, &b) // 2 edwards25519.FeMul(&b3, &b3, &b) // 3 edwards25519.FeSquare(&c, &b3) // 6 edwards25519.FeMul(&b7, &c, &b) // 7 edwards25519.FeMul(&b8, &b7, &b) // 8 edwards25519.FeMul(&c, &b7, &u) q58(&c, &c) var chi edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSquare(&chi, &c) edwards25519.FeSquare(&chi, &chi) edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &u) edwards25519.FeMul(&chi, &chi, &t0) edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &b7) // 14 edwards25519.FeMul(&chi, &chi, &t0) edwards25519.FeNeg(&chi, &chi) var chiBytes [32]byte edwards25519.FeToBytes(&chiBytes, &chi) // chi[1] is either 0 or 0xff if chiBytes[1] == 0xff { return false } // Calculate r1 = sqrt(-u/(2*(u+A))) var r1 edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeMul(&r1, &c, &u) edwards25519.FeMul(&r1, &r1, &b3) edwards25519.FeMul(&r1, &r1, &sqrtMinusHalf) var maybeSqrtM1 edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &r1) edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &b) edwards25519.FeAdd(&t0, &t0, &t0) edwards25519.FeAdd(&t0, &t0, &u) edwards25519.FeOne(&maybeSqrtM1) edwards25519.FeCMove(&maybeSqrtM1, &edwards25519.SqrtM1, edwards25519.FeIsNonZero(&t0)) edwards25519.FeMul(&r1, &r1, &maybeSqrtM1) // Calculate r = sqrt(-(u+A)/(2u)) var r edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &c) // 2 edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &c) // 3 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &t0) // 6 edwards25519.FeMul(&r, &t0, &c) // 7 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &u) // 2 edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &u) // 3 edwards25519.FeMul(&r, &r, &t0) edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &b8) // 16 edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &b8) // 24 edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &b) // 25 edwards25519.FeMul(&r, &r, &t0) edwards25519.FeMul(&r, &r, &sqrtMinusHalf) edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &r) edwards25519.FeMul(&t0, &t0, &u) edwards25519.FeAdd(&t0, &t0, &t0) edwards25519.FeAdd(&t0, &t0, &b) edwards25519.FeOne(&maybeSqrtM1) edwards25519.FeCMove(&maybeSqrtM1, &edwards25519.SqrtM1, edwards25519.FeIsNonZero(&t0)) edwards25519.FeMul(&r, &r, &maybeSqrtM1) var vBytes [32]byte edwards25519.FeToBytes(&vBytes, &v) vInSquareRootImage := feBytesLE(&vBytes, &halfQMinus1Bytes) edwards25519.FeCMove(&r, &r1, vInSquareRootImage) edwards25519.FeToBytes(publicKey, &u) edwards25519.FeToBytes(representative, &r) return true } // q58 calculates out = z^((p-5)/8). func q58(out, z *edwards25519.FieldElement) { var t1, t2, t3 edwards25519.FieldElement var i int edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, z) // 2^1 edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t1, z) // 2^1 + 2^0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, &t1) // 2^2 + 2^1 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 2^3 + 2^2 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 2^4 + 2^3 edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t1) // 4,3,2,1 edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, z) // 4..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 5..1 for i = 1; i < 5; i++ { // 9,8,7,6,5 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 10..1 for i = 1; i < 10; i++ { // 19..10 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t1) // 19..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t2) // 20..1 for i = 1; i < 20; i++ { // 39..20 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t3) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t3, &t2) // 39..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 40..1 for i = 1; i < 10; i++ { // 49..10 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 49..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 50..1 for i = 1; i < 50; i++ { // 99..50 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t1) // 99..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t2) // 100..1 for i = 1; i < 100; i++ { // 199..100 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t3) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t3, &t2) // 199..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 200..1 for i = 1; i < 50; i++ { // 249..50 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 249..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, &t1) // 250..1 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, &t1) // 251..2 edwards25519.FeMul(out, &t1, z) // 251..2,0 } // chi calculates out = z^((p-1)/2). The result is either 1, 0, or -1 depending // on whether z is a non-zero square, zero, or a non-square. func chi(out, z *edwards25519.FieldElement) { var t0, t1, t2, t3 edwards25519.FieldElement var i int edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, z) // 2^1 edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t0, z) // 2^1 + 2^0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t0, &t1) // 2^2 + 2^1 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t0) // 2^3 + 2^2 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 4,3 edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t0) // 4,3,2,1 edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, z) // 4..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 5..1 for i = 1; i < 5; i++ { // 9,8,7,6,5 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 10..1 for i = 1; i < 10; i++ { // 19..10 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t1) // 19..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t2) // 20..1 for i = 1; i < 20; i++ { // 39..20 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t3) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t3, &t2) // 39..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 40..1 for i = 1; i < 10; i++ { // 49..10 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 49..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t1) // 50..1 for i = 1; i < 50; i++ { // 99..50 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t2, &t1) // 99..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t2) // 100..1 for i = 1; i < 100; i++ { // 199..100 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t3, &t3) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t2, &t3, &t2) // 199..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) // 200..1 for i = 1; i < 50; i++ { // 249..50 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t2, &t2) } edwards25519.FeMul(&t1, &t2, &t1) // 249..0 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, &t1) // 250..1 for i = 1; i < 4; i++ { // 253..4 edwards25519.FeSquare(&t1, &t1) } edwards25519.FeMul(out, &t1, &t0) // 253..4,2,1 } // RepresentativeToPublicKey converts a uniform representative value for a // curve25519 public key, as produced by ScalarBaseMult, to a curve25519 public // key. func RepresentativeToPublicKey(publicKey, representative *[32]byte) { var rr2, v, e edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeFromBytes(&rr2, representative) edwards25519.FeSquare2(&rr2, &rr2) rr2[0]++ edwards25519.FeInvert(&rr2, &rr2) edwards25519.FeMul(&v, &edwards25519.A, &rr2) edwards25519.FeNeg(&v, &v) var v2, v3 edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeSquare(&v2, &v) edwards25519.FeMul(&v3, &v, &v2) edwards25519.FeAdd(&e, &v3, &v) edwards25519.FeMul(&v2, &v2, &edwards25519.A) edwards25519.FeAdd(&e, &v2, &e) chi(&e, &e) var eBytes [32]byte edwards25519.FeToBytes(&eBytes, &e) // eBytes[1] is either 0 (for e = 1) or 0xff (for e = -1) eIsMinus1 := int32(eBytes[1]) & 1 var negV edwards25519.FieldElement edwards25519.FeNeg(&negV, &v) edwards25519.FeCMove(&v, &negV, eIsMinus1) edwards25519.FeZero(&v2) edwards25519.FeCMove(&v2, &edwards25519.A, eIsMinus1) edwards25519.FeSub(&v, &v, &v2) edwards25519.FeToBytes(publicKey, &v) }