-==================== Changes in man-pages-3.41 ====================
+==================== Changes in man-pages-3.50 ====================
-Released: 2011-05-11, Christchurch
+Released: 2013-03-15, Munich
Contributors
in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
incorporated in changes in this release:
-Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
-Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
-Angelo Borsotti <angelo.borsotti@gmail.com >
-Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
-Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
-Casper.Dik@oracle.com
-David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
-D. Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
-Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
-Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
-Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
-Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
-Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
-Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
-Jean-Michel Vourgère <jmv_deb@nirgal.com>
-Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
-Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
-Kasper Dupont <kasperd@gmail.com>
-KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
-Lauri Kasanen <curaga@operamail.com>
-Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
+Andrey Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
+Bernhard Kuemel <bernhard@bksys.at>
+Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
+Erik Saule <erik.saule@bmi.osu.edu>
+Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
+Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs <friedel@nomaden.org>
+Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
+Jose Luis Domingo Lopez <debian@24x7linux.com>
+Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
-Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
-Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
-Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
-Ralph Corderoy <ralph@inputplus.co.uk >
-Rich Felker <bugdal@aerifal.cx>
-Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
+Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
-Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
-Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
-Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.net>
-Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
Apologies if I missed anyone!
New and rewritten pages
-----------------------
-get_robust_list.2
- Ivana Varekova [Michael Kerrisk]
- New page documenting get_robust_list(2) and set_robust_list(2)
-
-mallinfo.3
- Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro, Paul Pluzhnikov]
- New page for mallinfo(3)
-
-malloc_info.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Jelinek]
- New page for malloc_info(3)
-
-malloc_stats.3
- Michael Kerrisk [KOSAKI Motohiro]
- New man page for malloc_stats(3)
-
-
-Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
----------------------------------------------
-
-madvise.2
- Jason Baron
- Document MADV_DONTDUMP and MADV_DODUMP
-
-
-New and changed links
----------------------
-
-set_robust_list.2
- Michael Kerrisk
- New link to new get_robust_list.2 page
-
-LIST_ENTRY.3
-LIST_HEAD.3
-LIST_INIT.3
-LIST_INSERT_AFTER.3
-LIST_INSERT_HEAD.3
-LIST_REMOVE.3
-TAILQ_ENTRY.3
-TAILQ_HEAD.3
-TAILQ_INIT.3
-TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER.3
-TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD.3
-TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL.3
-TAILQ_REMOVE.3
-CIRCLEQ_ENTRY.3
-CIRCLEQ_HEAD.3
-CIRCLEQ_INIT.3
-CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER.3
-CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE.3
-CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD.3
-CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL.3
-CIRCLEQ_REMOVE.3
+canonicalize_file_name.3
Michael Kerrisk
- New link to queue.3
- The queue(3) page documents these macros, so it makes sense to
- have links for the names.
-
-DES_FAILED.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- New link to des_crypt.3
- The des_crypt(3) page documents this macro, so it makes sense
- to have a link for the name.
-
-qsort_r.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- New link to qsort.3
- Overlooked to add this link in 3.38, when documentation of
- qsort_r() was added to the qsort.3 page.
+ Rewrite page, adding much more detail
Global changes
--------------
-faccessat.2
-fchmodat.2
-fchownat.2
-fstatat.2
-futimesat.2
-inotify_init.2
-linkat.2
-mkdirat.2
-mknodat.2
-openat.2
-readlinkat.2
-renameat.2
-setns.2
-splice.2
-symlinkat.2
-sync.2
-tee.2
-unlinkat.2
-vmsplice.2
- Michael Kerrisk [Lauri Kasanen]
- Global fix: note glibc version that added library support
-
-confstr.3
-strcasecmp.3
-strcat.3
-strcmp.3
-strcpy.3
-strdup.3
-strftime.3
-strlen.3
-strnlen.3
-strpbrk.3
-strspn.3
-strtok.3
-strxfrm.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Andries E. Brouwer]
- Clarify that these functions operate on bytes, not (wide) characters
- Change 'character(s)' to 'byte(s)' to make clear that these
- functions operate on bytes, not wide / UTF8 characters.
- (POSIX uses 'byte(s)' similarly, to make this point.)
-
-icmp.7
-ipv6.7
-packet.7
-raw.7
-rtnetlink.7
-unix.7
-x25.7
+Various pages
+ Michael Kerrisk
+ Global fix: s/END_LICENSE/LICENSE_END/
+
+Various pages
Michael Kerrisk
- Remove names of constants from NAME line
- Some of the sockets/network protocol pages included names of
- the corresponding address family constants in the NAME line,
- but this wasn't done consistently across all pages, and probably
- it adds little value in those pages that did do this. So, remove
- these constants from those pages that have them in the NAME
- section.
+ Global fix: s/bitmask/bit mask/
Changes to individual pages
---------------------------
-clock_getres.2
- Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
- Expand description of CLOCK_REALTIME
- Make it clear that this clock may be discontinuous, and is
- affected my incremental NTP and clock-adjtime(2) adjustments.
-
- See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=540872
-
-epoll_wait.2
- Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
- interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
- and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
+getent.1
+ Mark R Bannister
+ netgroup description incorrectly refers to initgroups
-execve.2
+capget.2
Michael Kerrisk
- Rewording to deemphasize libc5 details
+ Update URL for libcap
fork.2
- Mike Frysinger
- ERRORS: add ENOSYS
- Can occur on, for example, non-MMU hardware.
-
-getcpu.2
- Mike Frysinger
- Add RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections
- Michael Kerrisk
- Refer reader to NOTES for more info about 'tcache'
Michael Kerrisk
- DESCRIPTION: reword a sentence to be clearer
+ Port access permission bits (ioperm()) are turned off in the child
-io_cancel.2
-io_destroy.2
-io_getevents.2
-io_setup.2
-io_submit.2
+futex.2
Michael Kerrisk
- Rewrite to focus on system call API
- Rewrite to focus on the system call interface, adding
- some notes on the libaio wrapper differences.
- See the following mail:
- 2012-05-07 "aio manuals", linux-man@vger.kernel.org
- http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/1935/focus=2910
-
- Other minor rewrites.
+ 'timeout' is a minimum duration that the call will wait, not a maximum
-mount.2
+ioperm.2
Michael Kerrisk
- Comment out an old Linux libc detail
-
-open.2
- Nick Piggin [KOSAKI Motohiro, Jan Kara, Hugh Dickins]
- Describe race of direct I/O and fork()
- Rework 04cd7f64, which didn't capture the details correctly.
- See the April/May 2012 linux-man@ mail thread "[PATCH]
- Describe race of direct read and fork for unaligned buffers"
- http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.mm/77571
-
-poll.2
+ Note that iopl() level of 3 is needed to access ports
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
- interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
- and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
+ 'num' is *bits* not bytes!
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify discussion of wrapper function emulation
- Clarify that glibc (as well as old libc) provides emulation
- using select(2) on older kernels that don't have a poll()
- system call.
+ Linux 2.6.8 lifted the port limit to 65,536
+ See http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/202624/
+ From: Stas Sergeev <stsp <at> aknet.ru>
+ Subject: [patch][rfc] Larger IO bitmap
+ Date: 2004-05-07 19:55:03 GMT
Michael Kerrisk
- Make the meaning of a zero timeout explicit
- Clarify that timeout==0 causes an immediate return, even if
- no file descriptors are ready.
-
-pread.2
- Michael Kerrisk [Kasper Dupont]
- BUGS: Note O_APPEND + pwrite() does the wrong thing
- See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43178
-
-recvmmsg.2
+ ioperm() operates on the calling *thread* (not process)
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the
- system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel
- scheduling delays.
-
-select.2
+ Clarify meaning of 'turn_on' argument
+ Plus form formatting fixes.
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
- interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
- and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
+ Clarify that default state of permission bits in child is off
Michael Kerrisk
- Expand description of the self-pipe trick
+ NOTES: add mention of /proc/ioports
Michael Kerrisk
- Add further details on pselect6() system call that underlies pselect()
+ SEE ALSO: add outb(2)
-semop.2
+iopl.2
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' of semtimedop() is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' interval will be rounded up to the
- system clock granularity, and may overrun because of kernel
- scheduling delays.
-
-signal.2
+ CAP_SYS_RAWIO is required to *raise* the I/O privilege level
Michael Kerrisk
- Note that 'sig_t' requires _BSD_SOURCE
- Also remove some old Linux libc details
-
-sigwaitinfo.2
+ Clarify that the two least significant bits of 'level' are what matter
Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that 'timeout' of sigtimedwait() is a *minimum* interval
- Make it clear that 'timeout' is a minimum interval; the actual
- interval will be rounded up to the system clock granularity,
- and may overrun because of kernel scheduling delays.
-
-stat.2
- Bjarni Ingi Gislason
- Formatting fixes
- From "groff -ww" (or "man --warnings=w ..."):
-
- warning: around line 442: table wider than line width
-
- GNU man uses line length of 78.
-
- Use text blocks. Two spaces between sentences or better: start
- each sentence in a new line.
+ SEE ALSO: add outb(2)
syscalls.2
- Bjarni Ingi Gislason
- Formatting fixes
- From "groff -ww ..." (or "man --warnings=w ..."):
-
- warning: around line 157: table wider than line width
-
- Have to use text blocks. Move some text to its correct column.
- Split text to two columns to avoid hyphenation.
-
-sysinfo.2
- Michael Kerrisk
- Remove reference to obsolete libc5
-
-syslog.2
- Michael Kerrisk
- Remove some details about obsolete Linux libc
-
-aio_cancel.3
-aio_error.3
-aio_fsync.3
-aio_read.3
-aio_return.3
-aio_suspend.3
-aio_write.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- ERRORS: Add/update ENOSYS error
-
-aio_cancel.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify what happens when a request isn't successfully canceled
- Michael Kerrisk
- Add pointers to aio(7) and sigevent(7)
-
-dbopen.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- SYNOPSIS: Add header file <fcntl.h>
- Upstreamed from Debian, and consistent with FreeBSD
- dbopen(3) man page.
-
-fmemopen.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Note details of POSIX.1-2008 specification of 'b' in 'mode'
- Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
- BUGS: fmemopen() doesn't correctly set file position in some cases
- If 'mode' is append, but 'size' does not cover a null byte
- in 'buf', then fmemopen() incorrectly sets the initial file
- position to -1, rather than the next byte after the end of
- the buffer.
-
- See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13151
- Michael Kerrisk
- BUGS: fmemopen() incorrectly handles size==0 case
- If size is zero, fmemopen() fails, This is surprising behavior,
- and not specified in POSIX.1-2008.
-
- See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11216
-
- Reported-by; Alex Shinn <alexshinn@gmail.com>
Michael Kerrisk
- BUGS: Note silent ABI change for fmemopen() in glibc 2.9
- Michael Kerrisk [Rich Felker]
- BUGS: Append mode does not force writes to append
- Append mode correctly sets the initial offset but does
- not force subsequent writes to append at end of stream.
-
- See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=13152
- Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
- BUGS: Note inconsistent treatment of 'b' in 'mode'
- fopen() permits, for example, both "w+b" and "wb+",
- but only the latter is meaningful to fmemopen().
-
- See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12836
-
-fopencookie.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Petr Baudis]
- Correct description of return for user-supplied 'write' function
- See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2074
-
-getaddrinfo.3
- Jean-Michel Vourgère
- Note that AI_ADDRCONFIG is not affected by loopback addresses
- See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=660479
-
-iconv.3
+ Add version information for all (other) syscalls
Michael Kerrisk
- Upstream useful NOTE from Debian
- Warn the reader that the pointer arguments can't be
- interpreted as C style strings. Also, note possible
- alignment requirements for the referenced bytes sequences,
- Michael Kerrisk
- Write a better paragraph introducing iconv() and its arguments
-
-isgreater.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Vincent Lefevre]
- Clarify that the arguments to these macros must be real-floating
- See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=609033
+ Add perfmonctl(2)
-lio_listio.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Clarify that async notification occurs when *all* I/Os complete
+futimes.3
+ Michael Kerrisk [Jonathan Nieder]
+ ERRORS: Add ENOSYS for lutimes()
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=620746
-makedev.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- SYNOPSIS: Correct return types of major() and minor()
- See https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754188
-
- Reported-by; Zdenek Kabelac <zkabelac@redhat.com>
-
-malloc.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- SEE ALSO: Add malloc_info(3)
-
-malloc_get_state.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Fix wordos in function names in NAME line
-
-mallopt.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Fix example program
- The example code was a version that was not consistent with
- the shell output shown on the page.
-
- Reported-bY: Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
- Michael Kerrisk
- Restore accidentally omitted line in shell session
- Michael Kerrisk
- SEE ALSO: Add malloc_stats(3)
-
-mmap64.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Change target of link to mmap.2 (was mmap2.2)
- Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora
+getpass.3
+ Michael Kerrisk [Erik Saule]
+ Suggest use of the ECHO flag as an alternative
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=644261
realpath.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Casper.Dik@oracle.com]
- Remove note about Solaris possibly returning a relative path
-
-syslog.3
- Michael Kerrisk [Ralph Corderoy]
- Document behavior when 'ident' argument to openlog() is NULL
- See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/382096
- Michael Kerrisk
- Update CONFORMING TO for POSIX.1-2008
- POSIX.1-2008 doesn't change any details, but make
- that more explicit.
-
-undocumented.3
- Michael Kerrisk
- Remove some functions that have been documented
-
-sd.4
- Michael Kerrisk
- Remove reference to nonexistent scsi(4) page
- Upstreamed from RedHat / Fedora
-
-sk98lin.4
- Michael Kerrisk [Stephen Hemminger]
- Note that this driver was removed in 2.6.28
- See https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/manpages/+bug/528020
-
-passwd.5
- Michael Kerrisk
- Upstream pieces from Red Hat/Fedora
- Note mention of empty password field.
- Add description of "*NP*" in password field.
- Michael Kerrisk
- Various minor fixes and improvements
-
-proc.5
- Michael Kerrisk
- Note that CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes can override file-max
- Upstreamed from red Hat / Fedora
- Michael Kerrisk
- Document /proc/[pid]/cgroup
- Upstreamed from Red Hat / Fedora
-
-resolv.conf.5
- Michael Kerrisk
- Take a Debian improvement into upstream
-
-tzfile.5
- Michael Kerrisk
- Mention timezone directories in DESCRIPTION
- Note that timezone files are usually in /usr/lib/zoneinfo
- or /usr/share/zoneinfo.
- Michael Kerrisk
- Drop SYNOPSIS
- The SYNOPSIS doesn't correspond to a user-visible file.
- Michael Kerrisk
- SEE ALSO: Add pointer to glibc source file timezone/tzfile.h
- Michael Kerrisk
- SEE ALSO: add tzset(3) and tzselect(8)
-
-ascii.7
- Bjarni Ingi Gislason
- Indent for "troff" makes table too wide
- Fix following from "groff -t -ww ...":
-
- warning: around line 53: table wider than line width
-
- Extra indent for "troff" makes the table look misplaced
- (default "ps" output).
-
-cp1251.7
- Bjarni Ingi Gislason
- table too wide
- From "nroff -ww -t ...":
-
- warning: around line 44: table wider than line width
-
- Columns are made narrower (column gutter decreased).
-
-ipv6.7
- Stefan Puiu
- Add ENODEV error for bind() to link-local IPv6 address
-
-signal.7
- Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
- Clarify that SIGLOST is unused
- Michael Kerrisk
- Comment out crufty BUGS text on SIGLOST
- It must be a very long time since the statement there
- about SIGLOST was true. (The text seems to date back to
- 1996.)
- Michael Kerrisk
- Update architectures for tables of signal numbers
-
-utf-8.7
- Brian M. Carlson
- Two clarifications
- This patch clarifies that 0xc0 and 0xc1 are not valid in any UTF-8
- encoding[0], and it also references RFC 3629 instead of RFC 2279.
-
- [0] In order to have 0xc0, you'd have to have a two-byte encoding
- with all the data bits zero in the first byte (and thus only six
- bits of data), which would be an ASCII character encoded in the
- non-shortest form. Similarly with 0xc1.
-
- See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=538641
-
-ldconfig.8
-nscd.8
Michael Kerrisk
- Remove path prefix from NAME line
- Command names shown in NAME are normally just the basename,
- not the full pathname of the command.
+ Document GNU extensions for EACCES and ENOENT errors
+
+stdarg.3
+ Michael Kerrisk [Friedrich Delgado Friedrichs]
+ Describe va_copy()
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=575077
+
+termios.3
+ Michael Kerrisk [Bernhard Kuemel]
+ Mention that noncanonical mode does not do input processing
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=643854
+
+random.4
+ Elie De Brauwer
+ Document write and document the ioctl interface of /dev/random
+ The update consists out of two parts:
+ - a minor thing which just documents what happens if a write to
+ /dev/(u)random is performed, which is used in the example
+ script but not explicitly mentioned.
+ - the other (biggest) part is the documentation of the ioctl()
+ interface which /dev/(u)random exposes. This ioctl() lives in
+ drivers/char/random.c and the primitives can be found in
+ include/linux/random.h
+
+ One comment remains, there used to be an RNDGETPOOL ioctl() which
+ disappeared in v2.6.9. I found two patches on the net:
+ - http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/akpm/patches/2.6/2.6.8.1/2.6.8.1-mm4/broken-out/dev-random-remove-rndgetpool-ioctl.patch
+ - https://lkml.org/lkml/2004/3/25/168
+
+ But as far as I can tell the first one got applied but the 2nd
+ one seems more correct. The result is that even today one can
+ still find traces of the RNDGETPOOL ioctl() in the header files.
+ Is this there for historical reasons or because it might break
+ userspace, even though using it will just give an EINVAL.
+
+bootparam.7
+ Jose Luis Domingo Lopez
+ Document 'rootfstype' option
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182014
+
+capabilities.7
+ Michael Kerrisk
+ Add various pieces under CAP_SYS_RAWIO
+ Info obtained by grepping the kernel source.
+ Michael Kerrisk
+ Add CAP_SYS_RESOURCE /proc/PID/oom_score_adj case
+
+netlink.7
+ Andrey Vagin
+ Add a note about broadcast messages to multiple groups
+
+socket.7
+ Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer]
+ Define _GNU_SOURCE to obtain the definition of 'struct ucred'
+ See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572210
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