+++ /dev/null
-.\" Copyright (C) 2009, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
-.\" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
-.\" a few pieces remain from an earlier version
-.\" Copyright (C) 2008, Nanno Langstraat <nal@ii.nl>
-.\"
-.\" %%%LICENSE_START(VERBATIM)
-.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
-.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
-.\" preserved on all copies.
-.\"
-.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
-.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-.\" permission notice identical to this one.
-.\"
-.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
-.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
-.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
-.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
-.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
-.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
-.\" professionally.
-.\"
-.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
-.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
-.\" %%%LICENSE_END
-.\"
-.TH ENDIAN 3 2010-09-10 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
-.SH NAME
-htobe16, htole16, be16toh, le16toh, htobe32, htole32, be32toh, le32toh,
-htobe64, htole64, be64toh, le64toh \-
-convert values between host and big-/little-endian byte order
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.nf
-.BR "#define _BSD_SOURCE" " /* See feature_test_macros(7) */"
-.B #include <endian.h>
-
-.BI "uint16_t htobe16(uint16_t " host_16bits );
-.BI "uint16_t htole16(uint16_t " host_16bits );
-.BI "uint16_t be16toh(uint16_t " big_endian_16bits );
-.BI "uint16_t le16toh(uint16_t " little_endian_16bits );
-
-.BI "uint32_t htobe32(uint32_t " host_32bits );
-.BI "uint32_t htole32(uint32_t " host_32bits );
-.BI "uint32_t be32toh(uint32_t " big_endian_32bits );
-.BI "uint32_t le32toh(uint32_t " little_endian_32bits );
-
-.BI "uint64_t htobe64(uint64_t " host_64bits );
-.BI "uint64_t htole64(uint64_t " host_64bits );
-.BI "uint64_t be64toh(uint64_t " big_endian_64bits );
-.BI "uint64_t le64toh(uint64_t " little_endian_64bits );
-.fi
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-These functions convert the byte encoding of integer values from
-the byte order that the current CPU (the "host") uses,
-to and from little-endian and big-endian byte order.
-
-The number,
-.IR nn ,
-in the name of each function indicates the size of
-integer handled by the function, either 16, 32, or 64 bits.
-
-The functions with names of the form "htobe\fInn\fP" convert
-from host byte order to big-endian order.
-
-The functions with names of the form "htole\fInn\fP" convert
-from host byte order to little-endian order.
-
-The functions with names of the form "be\fInn\fPtoh" convert
-from big-endian order to host byte order.
-
-The functions with names of the form "le\fInn\fPtoh" convert
-from little-endian order to host byte order.
-.SH VERSIONS
-These functions were added to glibc in version 2.9.
-.SH CONFORMING TO
-These functions are nonstandard.
-Similar functions are present on the BSDs,
-where the required header file is
-.I <sys/endian.h>
-instead of
-.IR <endian.h> .
-Unfortunately,
-NetBSD, FreeBSD, and glibc haven't followed the original
-OpenBSD naming convention for these functions,
-whereby the
-.I nn
-component always appears at the end of the function name
-(thus, for example, in NetBSD, FreeBSD, and glibc,
-the equivalent of OpenBSDs "betoh32" is "be32toh").
-.SH NOTES
-These functions are similar to the older
-.BR byteorder (3)
-family of functions.
-For example,
-.BR be32toh ()
-is identical to
-.BR ntohl ().
-
-The advantage of the
-.BR byteorder (3)
-functions is that they are standard functions available
-on all UNIX systems.
-On the other hand, the fact that they were designed
-for use in the context of TCP/IP means that
-they lack the 64-bit and little-endian variants described in this page.
-.SH EXAMPLE
-The program below display the results of converting an integer
-from host byte order to both little-endian and big-endian byte order.
-Since host byte order is either little-endian or big-endian,
-only one of these conversions will have an effect.
-When we run this program on a little-endian system such as x86-32,
-we see the following:
-.in +4n
-.nf
-
-$ \fB./a.out\fP
-x.u32 = 0x44332211
-htole32(x.u32) = 0x44332211
-htobe32(x.u32) = 0x11223344
-.fi
-.in
-.SS Program source
-\&
-.nf
-#include <endian.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
-int
-main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
- union {
- uint32_t u32;
- uint8_t arr[4];
- } x;
-
- x.arr[0] = 0x11; /* Lowest-address byte */
- x.arr[1] = 0x22;
- x.arr[2] = 0x33;
- x.arr[3] = 0x44; /* Highest-address byte */
-
- printf("x.u32 = 0x%x\\n", x.u32);
- printf("htole32(x.u32) = 0x%x\\n", htole32(x.u32));
- printf("htobe32(x.u32) = 0x%x\\n", htobe32(x.u32));
-
- exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
-}
-.fi
-.SH SEE ALSO
-.BR byteorder (3)
-.SH COLOPHON
-This page is part of release 3.79 of the Linux
-.I man-pages
-project.
-A description of the project,
-information about reporting bugs,
-and the latest version of this page,
-can be found at
-\%http://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/.
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