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[jnethack/source.git] / src / uhitm.c

/* NetHack 3.6  uhitm.c $NHDT-Date: 1555720104 2019/04/20 00:28:24 $  $NHDT-Branch: NetHack-3.6.2-beta01 $:$NHDT-Revision: 1.207 $ */
/* Copyright (c) Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, 1985. */
/*-Copyright (c) Robert Patrick Rankin, 2012. */
/* NetHack may be freely redistributed.  See license for details. */

/* JNetHack Copyright */
/* (c) Issei Numata, Naoki Hamada, Shigehiro Miyashita, 1994-2000  */
/* For 3.4-, Copyright (c) SHIRAKATA Kentaro, 2002-2019            */
/* JNetHack may be freely redistributed.  See license for details. */

#include "hack.h"

STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(known_hitum, (struct monst *, struct obj *, int *,
                                       int, int, struct attack *, int));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(theft_petrifies, (struct obj *));
STATIC_DCL void FDECL(steal_it, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(hitum_cleave, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(hitum, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(hmon_hitmon, (struct monst *, struct obj *, int,
                                       int));
STATIC_DCL int FDECL(joust, (struct monst *, struct obj *));
STATIC_DCL void NDECL(demonpet);
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(m_slips_free, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL int FDECL(explum, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL void FDECL(start_engulf, (struct monst *));
STATIC_DCL void NDECL(end_engulf);
STATIC_DCL int FDECL(gulpum, (struct monst *, struct attack *));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(hmonas, (struct monst *));
STATIC_DCL void FDECL(nohandglow, (struct monst *));
STATIC_DCL boolean FDECL(shade_aware, (struct obj *));

extern boolean notonhead; /* for long worms */

/* Used to flag attacks caused by Stormbringer's maliciousness. */
static boolean override_confirmation = FALSE;

#define PROJECTILE(obj) ((obj) && is_ammo(obj))

void
erode_armor(mdef, hurt)
struct monst *mdef;
int hurt;
{
    struct obj *target;

    /* What the following code does: it keeps looping until it
     * finds a target for the rust monster.
     * Head, feet, etc... not covered by metal, or covered by
     * rusty metal, are not targets.  However, your body always
     * is, no matter what covers it.
     */
    while (1) {
        switch (rn2(5)) {
        case 0:
            target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMH);
            if (!target
                || erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt, EF_GREASE)
                       == ER_NOTHING)
                continue;
            break;
        case 1:
            target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMC);
            if (target) {
                (void) erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt,
                                 EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
                break;
            }
            if ((target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARM)) != (struct obj *) 0) {
                (void) erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt,
                                 EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            } else if ((target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMU))
                       != (struct obj *) 0) {
                (void) erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt,
                                 EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMS);
            if (!target
                || erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt, EF_GREASE)
                       == ER_NOTHING)
                continue;
            break;
        case 3:
            target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMG);
            if (!target
                || erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt, EF_GREASE)
                       == ER_NOTHING)
                continue;
            break;
        case 4:
            target = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMF);
            if (!target
                || erode_obj(target, xname(target), hurt, EF_GREASE)
                       == ER_NOTHING)
                continue;
            break;
        }
        break; /* Out of while loop */
    }
}

/* FALSE means it's OK to attack */
boolean
attack_checks(mtmp, wep)
register struct monst *mtmp;
struct obj *wep; /* uwep for attack(), null for kick_monster() */
{
    int glyph;

    /* if you're close enough to attack, alert any waiting monster */
    mtmp->mstrategy &= ~STRAT_WAITMASK;

    if (u.uswallow && mtmp == u.ustuck)
        return FALSE;

    if (context.forcefight) {
        /* Do this in the caller, after we checked that the monster
         * didn't die from the blow.  Reason: putting the 'I' there
         * causes the hero to forget the square's contents since
         * both 'I' and remembered contents are stored in .glyph.
         * If the monster dies immediately from the blow, the 'I' will
         * not stay there, so the player will have suddenly forgotten
         * the square's contents for no apparent reason.
        if (!canspotmon(mtmp)
            && !glyph_is_invisible(levl[bhitpos.x][bhitpos.y].glyph))
            map_invisible(bhitpos.x, bhitpos.y);
         */
        return FALSE;
    }

    /* cache the shown glyph;
       cases which might change it (by placing or removing
       'rembered, unseen monster' glyph or revealing a mimic)
       always return without further reference to this */
    glyph = glyph_at(bhitpos.x, bhitpos.y);

    /* Put up an invisible monster marker, but with exceptions for
     * monsters that hide and monsters you've been warned about.
     * The former already prints a warning message and
     * prevents you from hitting the monster just via the hidden monster
     * code below; if we also did that here, similar behavior would be
     * happening two turns in a row.  The latter shows a glyph on
     * the screen, so you know something is there.
     */
    if (!canspotmon(mtmp)
        && !glyph_is_warning(glyph) && !glyph_is_invisible(glyph)
        && !(!Blind && mtmp->mundetected && hides_under(mtmp->data))) {
/*JP
        pline("Wait!  There's %s there you can't see!", something);
*/
        pline("\82¿\82å\82Á\82Æ\91Ò\82Á\82½\81I\8ep\82Ì\8c©\82¦\82È\82¢%s\82ª\82¢\82é\81I", something);
        map_invisible(bhitpos.x, bhitpos.y);
        /* if it was an invisible mimic, treat it as if we stumbled
         * onto a visible mimic
         */
        if (M_AP_TYPE(mtmp) && !Protection_from_shape_changers
            /* applied pole-arm attack is too far to get stuck */
            && distu(mtmp->mx, mtmp->my) <= 2) {
            if (!u.ustuck && !mtmp->mflee && dmgtype(mtmp->data, AD_STCK))
                u.ustuck = mtmp;
        }
        /* #H7329 - if hero is on engraved "Elbereth", this will end up
         * assessing an alignment penalty and removing the engraving
         * even though no attack actually occurs.  Since it also angers
         * peacefuls, we're operating as if an attack attempt did occur
         * and the Elbereth behavior is consistent.
         */
        wakeup(mtmp, TRUE); /* always necessary; also un-mimics mimics */
        return TRUE;
    }

    if (M_AP_TYPE(mtmp) && !Protection_from_shape_changers && !sensemon(mtmp)
        && !glyph_is_warning(glyph)) {
        /* If a hidden mimic was in a square where a player remembers
         * some (probably different) unseen monster, the player is in
         * luck--he attacks it even though it's hidden.
         */
        if (glyph_is_invisible(glyph)) {
            seemimic(mtmp);
            return FALSE;
        }
        stumble_onto_mimic(mtmp);
        return TRUE;
    }

    if (mtmp->mundetected && !canseemon(mtmp)
        && !glyph_is_warning(glyph)
        && (hides_under(mtmp->data) || mtmp->data->mlet == S_EEL)) {
        mtmp->mundetected = mtmp->msleeping = 0;
        newsym(mtmp->mx, mtmp->my);
        if (glyph_is_invisible(glyph)) {
            seemimic(mtmp);
            return FALSE;
        }
        if (!((Blind ? Blind_telepat : Unblind_telepat) || Detect_monsters)) {
            struct obj *obj;

            if (!Blind && Hallucination)
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("A %s %s appeared!",
                      mtmp->mtame ? "tame" : "wild", l_monnam(mtmp));
#else
                pline("%s%s\82ª\8c»\82ê\82½\81I",
                      mtmp->mtame ? "\8eè\82È\82Ã\82¯\82ç\82ê\82½" : "\96ì\90¶\82Ì", l_monnam(mtmp));
#endif
            else if (Blind || (is_pool(mtmp->mx, mtmp->my) && !Underwater))
/*JP
                pline("Wait!  There's a hidden monster there!");
*/
                pline("\91Ò\82Ä\81I\89ö\95¨\82ª\89B\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é\81I");
            else if ((obj = level.objects[mtmp->mx][mtmp->my]) != 0)
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("Wait!  There's %s hiding under %s!",
                      an(l_monnam(mtmp)), doname(obj));
#else
                pline("\91Ò\82Ä\81I%s\82Ì\89º\82É%s\82ª\89B\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é\81I",
                      doname(obj), l_monnam(mtmp));
#endif
            return TRUE;
        }
    }

    /*
     * make sure to wake up a monster from the above cases if the
     * hero can sense that the monster is there.
     */
    if ((mtmp->mundetected || M_AP_TYPE(mtmp)) && sensemon(mtmp)) {
        mtmp->mundetected = 0;
        wakeup(mtmp, TRUE);
    }

    if (flags.confirm && mtmp->mpeaceful
        && !Confusion && !Hallucination && !Stunned) {
        /* Intelligent chaotic weapons (Stormbringer) want blood */
        if (wep && wep->oartifact == ART_STORMBRINGER) {
            override_confirmation = TRUE;
            return FALSE;
        }
        if (canspotmon(mtmp)) {
            char qbuf[QBUFSZ];

/*JP
            Sprintf(qbuf, "Really attack %s?", mon_nam(mtmp));
*/
            Sprintf(qbuf, "\96{\93\96\82É%s\82ð\8dU\8c\82\82·\82é\82Ì\81H", mon_nam(mtmp));
            if (!paranoid_query(ParanoidHit, qbuf)) {
                context.move = 0;
                return TRUE;
            }
        }
    }

    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * It is unchivalrous for a knight to attack the defenseless or from behind.
 */
void
check_caitiff(mtmp)
struct monst *mtmp;
{
    if (u.ualign.record <= -10)
        return;

    if (Role_if(PM_KNIGHT) && u.ualign.type == A_LAWFUL
        && (!mtmp->mcanmove || mtmp->msleeping
            || (mtmp->mflee && !mtmp->mavenge))) {
/*JP
        You("caitiff!");
*/
        pline("\82±\82ê\82Í\94Ú\8b¯\82È\8ds\82¢\82¾\81I");
        adjalign(-1);
    } else if (Role_if(PM_SAMURAI) && mtmp->mpeaceful) {
        /* attacking peaceful creatures is bad for the samurai's giri */
/*JP
        You("dishonorably attack the innocent!");
*/
        pline("\96³\8eÀ\82Ì\8eÒ\82ð\8dU\8c\82\82·\82é\82Ì\82Í\95s\96¼\97_\82¾\81I");
        adjalign(-1);
    }
}

int
find_roll_to_hit(mtmp, aatyp, weapon, attk_count, role_roll_penalty)
register struct monst *mtmp;
uchar aatyp;        /* usually AT_WEAP or AT_KICK */
struct obj *weapon; /* uwep or uswapwep or NULL */
int *attk_count, *role_roll_penalty;
{
    int tmp, tmp2;

    *role_roll_penalty = 0; /* default is `none' */

    tmp = 1 + Luck + abon() + find_mac(mtmp) + u.uhitinc
          + maybe_polyd(youmonst.data->mlevel, u.ulevel);

    /* some actions should occur only once during multiple attacks */
    if (!(*attk_count)++) {
        /* knight's chivalry or samurai's giri */
        check_caitiff(mtmp);
    }

    /* adjust vs. (and possibly modify) monster state */
    if (mtmp->mstun)
        tmp += 2;
    if (mtmp->mflee)
        tmp += 2;

    if (mtmp->msleeping) {
        mtmp->msleeping = 0;
        tmp += 2;
    }
    if (!mtmp->mcanmove) {
        tmp += 4;
        if (!rn2(10)) {
            mtmp->mcanmove = 1;
            mtmp->mfrozen = 0;
        }
    }

    /* role/race adjustments */
    if (Role_if(PM_MONK) && !Upolyd) {
        if (uarm)
            tmp -= (*role_roll_penalty = urole.spelarmr);
        else if (!uwep && !uarms)
            tmp += (u.ulevel / 3) + 2;
    }
    if (is_orc(mtmp->data)
        && maybe_polyd(is_elf(youmonst.data), Race_if(PM_ELF)))
        tmp++;

    /* encumbrance: with a lot of luggage, your agility diminishes */
    if ((tmp2 = near_capacity()) != 0)
        tmp -= (tmp2 * 2) - 1;
    if (u.utrap)
        tmp -= 3;

    /*
     * hitval applies if making a weapon attack while wielding a weapon;
     * weapon_hit_bonus applies if doing a weapon attack even bare-handed
     * or if kicking as martial artist
     */
    if (aatyp == AT_WEAP || aatyp == AT_CLAW) {
        if (weapon)
            tmp += hitval(weapon, mtmp);
        tmp += weapon_hit_bonus(weapon);
    } else if (aatyp == AT_KICK && martial_bonus()) {
        tmp += weapon_hit_bonus((struct obj *) 0);
    }

    return tmp;
}

/* try to attack; return False if monster evaded;
   u.dx and u.dy must be set */
boolean
attack(mtmp)
register struct monst *mtmp;
{
    register struct permonst *mdat = mtmp->data;

    /* This section of code provides protection against accidentally
     * hitting peaceful (like '@') and tame (like 'd') monsters.
     * Protection is provided as long as player is not: blind, confused,
     * hallucinating or stunned.
     * changes by wwp 5/16/85
     * More changes 12/90, -dkh-. if its tame and safepet, (and protected
     * 07/92) then we assume that you're not trying to attack. Instead,
     * you'll usually just swap places if this is a movement command
     */
    /* Intelligent chaotic weapons (Stormbringer) want blood */
    if (is_safepet(mtmp) && !context.forcefight) {
        if (!uwep || uwep->oartifact != ART_STORMBRINGER) {
            /* There are some additional considerations: this won't work
             * if in a shop or Punished or you miss a random roll or
             * if you can walk thru walls and your pet cannot (KAA) or
             * if your pet is a long worm with a tail.
             * There's also a chance of displacing a "frozen" monster:
             * sleeping monsters might magically walk in their sleep.
             */
            boolean foo = (Punished || !rn2(7)
                           || (is_longworm(mtmp->data) && mtmp->wormno)),
                    inshop = FALSE;
            char *p;

            /* only check for in-shop if don't already have reason to stop */
            if (!foo) {
                for (p = in_rooms(mtmp->mx, mtmp->my, SHOPBASE); *p; p++)
                    if (tended_shop(&rooms[*p - ROOMOFFSET])) {
                        inshop = TRUE;
                        break;
                    }
            }
            if (inshop || foo || (IS_ROCK(levl[u.ux][u.uy].typ)
                                  && !passes_walls(mtmp->data))) {
                char buf[BUFSZ];

                monflee(mtmp, rnd(6), FALSE, FALSE);
                Strcpy(buf, y_monnam(mtmp));
                buf[0] = highc(buf[0]);
/*JP
                You("stop.  %s is in the way!", buf);
*/
                You("\8e~\82Ü\82Á\82½\81D%s\82ª\93¹\82É\82¢\82é\81I", buf);
                context.travel = context.travel1 = context.mv = context.run
                    = 0;
                return TRUE;
            } else if ((mtmp->mfrozen || (!mtmp->mcanmove)
                        || (mtmp->data->mmove == 0)) && rn2(6)) {
/*JP
                pline("%s doesn't seem to move!", Monnam(mtmp));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\93®\82¯\82È\82¢\82æ\82¤\82¾\81I", Monnam(mtmp));
                context.travel = context.travel1 = context.mv = context.run
                    = 0;
                return TRUE;
            } else
                return FALSE;
        }
    }

    /* possibly set in attack_checks;
       examined in known_hitum, called via hitum or hmonas below */
    override_confirmation = FALSE;
    /* attack_checks() used to use <u.ux+u.dx,u.uy+u.dy> directly, now
       it uses bhitpos instead; it might map an invisible monster there */
    bhitpos.x = u.ux + u.dx;
    bhitpos.y = u.uy + u.dy;
    notonhead = (bhitpos.x != mtmp->mx || bhitpos.y != mtmp->my);
    if (attack_checks(mtmp, uwep))
        return TRUE;

    if (Upolyd && noattacks(youmonst.data)) {
        /* certain "pacifist" monsters don't attack */
/*JP
        You("have no way to attack monsters physically.");
*/
        You("\95¨\97\9d\93I\82É\89ö\95¨\82ð\8dU\8c\82\82·\82é\82·\82×\82ª\82È\82¢\81D");
        mtmp->mstrategy &= ~STRAT_WAITMASK;
        goto atk_done;
    }

/*JP
    if (check_capacity("You cannot fight while so heavily loaded.")
*/
    if (check_capacity("\82 \82È\82½\82Í\95¨\82ð\82½\82­\82³\82ñ\8e\9d\82¿\82·\82¬\82Ä\90í\82¦\82È\82¢\81D")
        /* consume extra nutrition during combat; maybe pass out */
        || overexertion())
        goto atk_done;

    if (u.twoweap && !can_twoweapon())
        untwoweapon();

    if (unweapon) {
        unweapon = FALSE;
        if (flags.verbose) {
            if (uwep)
/*JP
                You("begin bashing monsters with %s.", yname(uwep));
*/
                You("%s\82Å\89ö\95¨\82ð\82È\82®\82è\82Â\82¯\82½\81D", yname(uwep));
            else if (!cantwield(youmonst.data))
#if 0 /*JP*/
                You("begin %s monsters with your %s %s.",
                    ing_suffix(Role_if(PM_MONK) ? "strike" : "bash"),
                    uarmg ? "gloved" : "bare", /* Del Lamb */
                    makeplural(body_part(HAND)));
#else
                You("%s%s\82Å\89ö\95¨\82ð%s\82Â\82¯\82½\81D",
                    uarmg ? "\83O\83\8d\81[\83u\82ð\95t\82¯\82½" : "\91f",
                    body_part(HAND),
                    Role_if(PM_MONK) ? "\91Å\82¿" : "\82È\82®\82è");
#endif
        }
    }
    exercise(A_STR, TRUE); /* you're exercising muscles */
    /* andrew@orca: prevent unlimited pick-axe attacks */
    u_wipe_engr(3);

    /* Is the "it died" check actually correct? */
    if (mdat->mlet == S_LEPRECHAUN && !mtmp->mfrozen && !mtmp->msleeping
        && !mtmp->mconf && mtmp->mcansee && !rn2(7)
        && (m_move(mtmp, 0) == 2 /* it died */
            || mtmp->mx != u.ux + u.dx
            || mtmp->my != u.uy + u.dy)) { /* it moved */
/*JP
        You("miss wildly and stumble forwards.");
*/
        You("\91å\82«\82­\8aO\82µ\82Ä\91O\82É\82Â\82Ü\82Ã\82¢\82½\81D");
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (Upolyd)
        (void) hmonas(mtmp);
    else
        (void) hitum(mtmp, youmonst.data->mattk);
    mtmp->mstrategy &= ~STRAT_WAITMASK;

 atk_done:
    /* see comment in attack_checks() */
    /* we only need to check for this if we did an attack_checks()
     * and it returned 0 (it's okay to attack), and the monster didn't
     * evade.
     */
    if (context.forcefight && !DEADMONSTER(mtmp) && !canspotmon(mtmp)
        && !glyph_is_invisible(levl[u.ux + u.dx][u.uy + u.dy].glyph)
        && !(u.uswallow && mtmp == u.ustuck))
        map_invisible(u.ux + u.dx, u.uy + u.dy);

    return TRUE;
}

/* really hit target monster; returns TRUE if it still lives */
STATIC_OVL boolean
known_hitum(mon, weapon, mhit, rollneeded, armorpenalty, uattk, dieroll)
register struct monst *mon;
struct obj *weapon;
int *mhit;
int rollneeded, armorpenalty; /* for monks */
struct attack *uattk;
int dieroll;
{
    boolean malive = TRUE,
            /* hmon() might destroy weapon; remember aspect for cutworm */
            slice_or_chop = (weapon && (is_blade(weapon) || is_axe(weapon)));

    if (override_confirmation) {
        /* this may need to be generalized if weapons other than
           Stormbringer acquire similar anti-social behavior... */
        if (flags.verbose)
/*JP
            Your("bloodthirsty blade attacks!");
*/
            Your("\95\90\8aí\82Í\8c\8c\82É\8bQ\82¦\82Ä\82¢\82é\81I");
    }

    if (!*mhit) {
        missum(mon, uattk, (rollneeded + armorpenalty > dieroll));
    } else {
        int oldhp = mon->mhp;
        long oldweaphit = u.uconduct.weaphit;

        /* KMH, conduct */
        if (weapon && (weapon->oclass == WEAPON_CLASS || is_weptool(weapon)))
            u.uconduct.weaphit++;

        /* we hit the monster; be careful: it might die or
           be knocked into a different location */
        notonhead = (mon->mx != bhitpos.x || mon->my != bhitpos.y);
        malive = hmon(mon, weapon, HMON_MELEE, dieroll);
        if (malive) {
            /* monster still alive */
            if (!rn2(25) && mon->mhp < mon->mhpmax / 2
                && !(u.uswallow && mon == u.ustuck)) {
                /* maybe should regurgitate if swallowed? */
                monflee(mon, !rn2(3) ? rnd(100) : 0, FALSE, TRUE);

                if (u.ustuck == mon && !u.uswallow && !sticks(youmonst.data))
                    u.ustuck = 0;
            }
            /* Vorpal Blade hit converted to miss */
            /* could be headless monster or worm tail */
            if (mon->mhp == oldhp) {
                *mhit = 0;
                /* a miss does not break conduct */
                u.uconduct.weaphit = oldweaphit;
            }
            if (mon->wormno && *mhit)
                cutworm(mon, bhitpos.x, bhitpos.y, slice_or_chop);
        }
    }
    return malive;
}

/* hit the monster next to you and the monsters to the left and right of it;
   return False if the primary target is killed, True otherwise */
STATIC_OVL boolean
hitum_cleave(target, uattk)
struct monst *target; /* non-Null; forcefight at nothing doesn't cleave... */
struct attack *uattk; /* ... but we don't enforce that here; Null works ok */
{
    /* swings will be delivered in alternate directions; with consecutive
       attacks it will simulate normal swing and backswing; when swings
       are non-consecutive, hero will sometimes start a series of attacks
       with a backswing--that doesn't impact actual play, just spoils the
       simulation attempt a bit */
    static boolean clockwise = FALSE;
    unsigned i;
    coord save_bhitpos;
    int count, umort, x = u.ux, y = u.uy;

    /* find the direction toward primary target */
    for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
        if (xdir[i] == u.dx && ydir[i] == u.dy)
            break;
    if (i == 8) {
        impossible("hitum_cleave: unknown target direction [%d,%d,%d]?",
                   u.dx, u.dy, u.dz);
        return TRUE; /* target hasn't been killed */
    }
    /* adjust direction by two so that loop's increment (for clockwise)
       or decrement (for counter-clockwise) will point at the spot next
       to primary target */
    i = (i + (clockwise ? 6 : 2)) % 8;
    umort = u.umortality; /* used to detect life-saving */
    save_bhitpos = bhitpos;

    /*
     * Three attacks:  adjacent to primary, primary, adjacent on other
     * side.  Primary target must be present or we wouldn't have gotten
     * here (forcefight at thin air won't 'cleave').  However, the
     * first attack might kill it (gas spore explosion, weak long worm
     * occupying both spots) so we don't assume that it's still present
     * on the second attack.
     */
    for (count = 3; count > 0; --count) {
        struct monst *mtmp;
        int tx, ty, tmp, dieroll, mhit, attknum, armorpenalty;

        /* ++i, wrap 8 to i=0 /or/ --i, wrap -1 to i=7 */
        i = (i + (clockwise ? 1 : 7)) % 8;

        tx = x + xdir[i], ty = y + ydir[i]; /* current target location */
        if (!isok(tx, ty))
            continue;
        mtmp = m_at(tx, ty);
        if (!mtmp) {
            if (glyph_is_invisible(levl[tx][ty].glyph))
                (void) unmap_invisible(tx, ty);
            continue;
        }

        tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mtmp, uattk->aatyp, uwep,
                               &attknum, &armorpenalty);
        dieroll = rnd(20);
        mhit = (tmp > dieroll);
        bhitpos.x = tx, bhitpos.y = ty; /* normally set up by attack() */
        (void) known_hitum(mtmp, uwep, &mhit, tmp, armorpenalty,
                           uattk, dieroll);
        (void) passive(mtmp, uwep, mhit, !DEADMONSTER(mtmp), AT_WEAP, !uwep);

        /* stop attacking if weapon is gone or hero got killed and
           life-saved after passive counter-attack */
        if (!uwep || u.umortality > umort)
            break;
    }
    /* set up for next time */
    clockwise = !clockwise; /* alternate */
    bhitpos = save_bhitpos; /* in case somebody relies on bhitpos
                             * designating the primary target */

    /* return False if primary target died, True otherwise; note: if 'target'
       was nonNull upon entry then it's still nonNull even if *target died */
    return (target && DEADMONSTER(target)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
}

/* hit target monster; returns TRUE if it still lives */
STATIC_OVL boolean
hitum(mon, uattk)
struct monst *mon;
struct attack *uattk;
{
    boolean malive, wep_was_destroyed = FALSE;
    struct obj *wepbefore = uwep;
    int armorpenalty, attknum = 0, x = u.ux + u.dx, y = u.uy + u.dy,
                      tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mon, uattk->aatyp, uwep,
                                             &attknum, &armorpenalty);
    int dieroll = rnd(20);
    int mhit = (tmp > dieroll || u.uswallow);

    /* Cleaver attacks three spots, 'mon' and one on either side of 'mon';
       it can't be part of dual-wielding but we guard against that anyway;
       cleave return value reflects status of primary target ('mon') */
    if (uwep && uwep->oartifact == ART_CLEAVER && !u.twoweap
        && !u.uswallow && !u.ustuck && !NODIAG(u.umonnum))
        return hitum_cleave(mon, uattk);

    if (tmp > dieroll)
        exercise(A_DEX, TRUE);
    /* bhitpos is set up by caller */
    malive = known_hitum(mon, uwep, &mhit, tmp, armorpenalty, uattk, dieroll);
    if (wepbefore && !uwep)
        wep_was_destroyed = TRUE;
    (void) passive(mon, uwep, mhit, malive, AT_WEAP, wep_was_destroyed);

    /* second attack for two-weapon combat; won't occur if Stormbringer
       overrode confirmation (assumes Stormbringer is primary weapon)
       or if the monster was killed or knocked to different location */
    if (u.twoweap && !override_confirmation && malive && m_at(x, y) == mon) {
        tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mon, uattk->aatyp, uswapwep, &attknum,
                               &armorpenalty);
        dieroll = rnd(20);
        mhit = (tmp > dieroll || u.uswallow);
        malive = known_hitum(mon, uswapwep, &mhit, tmp, armorpenalty, uattk,
                             dieroll);
        /* second passive counter-attack only occurs if second attack hits */
        if (mhit)
            (void) passive(mon, uswapwep, mhit, malive, AT_WEAP, !uswapwep);
    }
    return malive;
}

/* general "damage monster" routine; return True if mon still alive */
boolean
hmon(mon, obj, thrown, dieroll)
struct monst *mon;
struct obj *obj;
int thrown; /* HMON_xxx (0 => hand-to-hand, other => ranged) */
int dieroll;
{
    boolean result, anger_guards;

    anger_guards = (mon->mpeaceful
                    && (mon->ispriest || mon->isshk || is_watch(mon->data)));
    result = hmon_hitmon(mon, obj, thrown, dieroll);
    if (mon->ispriest && !rn2(2))
        ghod_hitsu(mon);
    if (anger_guards)
        (void) angry_guards(!!Deaf);
    return result;
}

/* guts of hmon() */
STATIC_OVL boolean
hmon_hitmon(mon, obj, thrown, dieroll)
struct monst *mon;
struct obj *obj;
int thrown; /* HMON_xxx (0 => hand-to-hand, other => ranged) */
int dieroll;
{
    int tmp;
    struct permonst *mdat = mon->data;
    int barehand_silver_rings = 0;
    /* The basic reason we need all these booleans is that we don't want
     * a "hit" message when a monster dies, so we have to know how much
     * damage it did _before_ outputting a hit message, but any messages
     * associated with the damage don't come out until _after_ outputting
     * a hit message.
     */
    boolean hittxt = FALSE, destroyed = FALSE, already_killed = FALSE;
    boolean get_dmg_bonus = TRUE;
    boolean ispoisoned = FALSE, needpoismsg = FALSE, poiskilled = FALSE,
            unpoisonmsg = FALSE;
    boolean silvermsg = FALSE, silverobj = FALSE;
    boolean lightobj = FALSE;
    boolean valid_weapon_attack = FALSE;
    boolean unarmed = !uwep && !uarm && !uarms;
    boolean hand_to_hand = (thrown == HMON_MELEE
                            /* not grapnels; applied implies uwep */
                            || (thrown == HMON_APPLIED && is_pole(uwep)));
    int jousting = 0;
    long silverhit = 0L;
    int wtype;
    struct obj *monwep;
#if 0 /*JP*/
    char unconventional[BUFSZ]; /* substituted for word "attack" in msg */
#endif
    char saved_oname[BUFSZ];

#if 0 /*JP*/
    unconventional[0] = '\0';
#endif
    saved_oname[0] = '\0';

    wakeup(mon, TRUE);
    if (!obj) { /* attack with bare hands */
        if (mdat == &mons[PM_SHADE])
            tmp = 0;
        else if (martial_bonus())
            tmp = rnd(4); /* bonus for martial arts */
        else
            tmp = rnd(2);
        valid_weapon_attack = (tmp > 1);
        /* Blessed gloves give bonuses when fighting 'bare-handed'.  So do
           silver rings.  Note:  rings are worn under gloves, so you don't
           get both bonuses, and two silver rings don't give double bonus. */
        tmp += special_dmgval(&youmonst, mon, (W_ARMG | W_RINGL | W_RINGR),
                              &silverhit);
        barehand_silver_rings += (((silverhit & W_RINGL) ? 1 : 0)
                                  + ((silverhit & W_RINGR) ? 1 : 0));
        if (barehand_silver_rings > 0)
            silvermsg = TRUE;
    } else {
        if (!(artifact_light(obj) && obj->lamplit))
            Strcpy(saved_oname, cxname(obj));
        else
            Strcpy(saved_oname, bare_artifactname(obj));
        if (obj->oclass == WEAPON_CLASS || is_weptool(obj)
            || obj->oclass == GEM_CLASS) {
            /* is it not a melee weapon? */
            if (/* if you strike with a bow... */
                is_launcher(obj)
                /* or strike with a missile in your hand... */
                || (!thrown && (is_missile(obj) || is_ammo(obj)))
                /* or use a pole at short range and not mounted... */
                || (!thrown && !u.usteed && is_pole(obj))
                /* or throw a missile without the proper bow... */
                || (is_ammo(obj) && (thrown != HMON_THROWN
                                     || !ammo_and_launcher(obj, uwep)))) {
                /* then do only 1-2 points of damage */
                if (mdat == &mons[PM_SHADE] && !shade_glare(obj))
                    tmp = 0;
                else
                    tmp = rnd(2);
                if (objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == SILVER
                    && mon_hates_silver(mon)) {
                    silvermsg = TRUE;
                    silverobj = TRUE;
                    /* if it will already inflict dmg, make it worse */
                    tmp += rnd((tmp) ? 20 : 10);
                }
                if (!thrown && obj == uwep && obj->otyp == BOOMERANG
                    && rnl(4) == 4 - 1) {
                    boolean more_than_1 = (obj->quan > 1L);

#if 0 /*JP*/
                    pline("As you hit %s, %s%s breaks into splinters.",
                          mon_nam(mon), more_than_1 ? "one of " : "",
                          yname(obj));
#else
                    pline("%s\82ð\8dU\8c\82\82·\82é\82Æ\81C%s%s\82Í\82±\82Á\82Ï\82Ý\82¶\82ñ\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81D",
                          mon_nam(mon), yname(obj),
                          more_than_1 ? "\82Ì\82Ð\82Æ\82Â" : "");
#endif
                    if (!more_than_1)
                        uwepgone(); /* set unweapon */
                    useup(obj);
                    if (!more_than_1)
                        obj = (struct obj *) 0;
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                    if (mdat != &mons[PM_SHADE])
                        tmp++;
                }
            } else {
                tmp = dmgval(obj, mon);
                /* a minimal hit doesn't exercise proficiency */
                valid_weapon_attack = (tmp > 1);
                if (!valid_weapon_attack || mon == u.ustuck || u.twoweap
                    /* Cleaver can hit up to three targets at once so don't
                       let it also hit from behind or shatter foes' weapons */
                    || (hand_to_hand && obj->oartifact == ART_CLEAVER)) {
                    ; /* no special bonuses */
                } else if (mon->mflee && Role_if(PM_ROGUE) && !Upolyd
                           /* multi-shot throwing is too powerful here */
                           && hand_to_hand) {
/*JP
                    You("strike %s from behind!", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                    You("%s\82ð\94w\8cã\82©\82ç\8dU\8c\82\82µ\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon));
                    tmp += rnd(u.ulevel);
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                } else if (dieroll == 2 && obj == uwep
                           && obj->oclass == WEAPON_CLASS
                           && (bimanual(obj)
                               || (Role_if(PM_SAMURAI) && obj->otyp == KATANA
                                   && !uarms))
                           && ((wtype = uwep_skill_type()) != P_NONE
                               && P_SKILL(wtype) >= P_SKILLED)
                           && ((monwep = MON_WEP(mon)) != 0
                               && !is_flimsy(monwep)
                               && !obj_resists(monwep,
                                       50 + 15 * (greatest_erosion(obj)
                                                  - greatest_erosion(monwep)),
                                               100))) {
                    /*
                     * 2.5% chance of shattering defender's weapon when
                     * using a two-handed weapon; less if uwep is rusted.
                     * [dieroll == 2 is most successful non-beheading or
                     * -bisecting hit, in case of special artifact damage;
                     * the percentage chance is (1/20)*(50/100).]
                     * If attacker's weapon is rustier than defender's,
                     * the obj_resists chance is increased so the shatter
                     * chance is decreased; if less rusty, then vice versa.
                     */
                    setmnotwielded(mon, monwep);
                    mon->weapon_check = NEED_WEAPON;
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    pline("%s from the force of your blow!",
                          Yobjnam2(monwep, "shatter"));
#else
                    pline("%s\82Ì%s\82Í\82 \82È\82½\82Ì\88ê\8c\82\82Å\95²\81X\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81I",
                          Monnam(mon), xname(monwep));
#endif
                    m_useupall(mon, monwep);
                    /* If someone just shattered MY weapon, I'd flee! */
                    if (rn2(4)) {
                        monflee(mon, d(2, 3), TRUE, TRUE);
                    }
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                }

                if (obj->oartifact
                    && artifact_hit(&youmonst, mon, obj, &tmp, dieroll)) {
                    if (DEADMONSTER(mon)) /* artifact killed monster */
                        return FALSE;
                    if (tmp == 0)
                        return TRUE;
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                }
                if (objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == SILVER
                    && mon_hates_silver(mon)) {
                    silvermsg = TRUE;
                    silverobj = TRUE;
                }
                if (artifact_light(obj) && obj->lamplit
                    && mon_hates_light(mon))
                    lightobj = TRUE;
                if (u.usteed && !thrown && tmp > 0
                    && weapon_type(obj) == P_LANCE && mon != u.ustuck) {
                    jousting = joust(mon, obj);
                    /* exercise skill even for minimal damage hits */
                    if (jousting)
                        valid_weapon_attack = TRUE;
                }
                if (thrown == HMON_THROWN
                    && (is_ammo(obj) || is_missile(obj))) {
                    if (ammo_and_launcher(obj, uwep)) {
                        /* Elves and Samurai do extra damage using
                         * their bows&arrows; they're highly trained.
                         */
                        if (Role_if(PM_SAMURAI) && obj->otyp == YA
                            && uwep->otyp == YUMI)
                            tmp++;
                        else if (Race_if(PM_ELF) && obj->otyp == ELVEN_ARROW
                                 && uwep->otyp == ELVEN_BOW)
                            tmp++;
                    }
                    if (obj->opoisoned && is_poisonable(obj))
                        ispoisoned = TRUE;
                }
            }
        } else if (obj->oclass == POTION_CLASS) {
            if (obj->quan > 1L)
                obj = splitobj(obj, 1L);
            else
                setuwep((struct obj *) 0);
            freeinv(obj);
            potionhit(mon, obj,
                      hand_to_hand ? POTHIT_HERO_BASH : POTHIT_HERO_THROW);
            if (DEADMONSTER(mon))
                return FALSE; /* killed */
            hittxt = TRUE;
            /* in case potion effect causes transformation */
            mdat = mon->data;
            tmp = (mdat == &mons[PM_SHADE]) ? 0 : 1;
        } else {
            if (mdat == &mons[PM_SHADE] && !shade_aware(obj)) {
                tmp = 0;
#if 0 /*JP*/
                Strcpy(unconventional, cxname(obj));
#endif
            } else {
                switch (obj->otyp) {
                case BOULDER:         /* 1d20 */
                case HEAVY_IRON_BALL: /* 1d25 */
                case IRON_CHAIN:      /* 1d4+1 */
                    tmp = dmgval(obj, mon);
                    break;
                case MIRROR:
                    if (breaktest(obj)) {
/*JP
                        You("break %s.  That's bad luck!", ysimple_name(obj));
*/
                        You("%s\8b¾\82ð\89ó\82µ\82Ä\82µ\82Ü\82Á\82½\81D\82±\82è\82á\82Ü\82¢\82Á\82½\81I", ysimple_name(obj));
                        change_luck(-2);
                        useup(obj);
                        obj = (struct obj *) 0;
                        unarmed = FALSE; /* avoid obj==0 confusion */
                        get_dmg_bonus = FALSE;
                        hittxt = TRUE;
                    }
                    tmp = 1;
                    break;
                case EXPENSIVE_CAMERA:
/*JP
                    You("succeed in destroying %s.  Congratulations!",
*/
                    You("%s\83J\83\81\83\89\82ð\89ó\82·\82±\82Æ\82ª\82Å\82«\82½\81D\82¨\82ß\82Å\82Æ\82¤\81I",
                        ysimple_name(obj));
                    release_camera_demon(obj, u.ux, u.uy);
                    useup(obj);
                    return TRUE;
                case CORPSE: /* fixed by polder@cs.vu.nl */
                    if (touch_petrifies(&mons[obj->corpsenm])) {
                        tmp = 1;
                        hittxt = TRUE;
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        You("hit %s with %s.", mon_nam(mon),
                            corpse_xname(obj, (const char *) 0,
                                         obj->dknown ? CXN_PFX_THE
                                                     : CXN_ARTICLE));
#else
                        You("%s\82ð%s\82Å\8dU\8c\82\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon),
                            corpse_xname(obj, (const char *) 0,
                                         obj->dknown ? CXN_PFX_THE
                                                     : CXN_ARTICLE));
#endif
                        obj->dknown = 1;
                        if (!munstone(mon, TRUE))
                            minstapetrify(mon, TRUE);
                        if (resists_ston(mon))
                            break;
                        /* note: hp may be <= 0 even if munstoned==TRUE */
                        return (boolean) !DEADMONSTER(mon);
#if 0
                    } else if (touch_petrifies(mdat)) {
                        ; /* maybe turn the corpse into a statue? */
#endif
                    }
                    tmp = (obj->corpsenm >= LOW_PM ? mons[obj->corpsenm].msize
                                                   : 0) + 1;
                    break;

#define useup_eggs(o)                    \
    do {                                 \
        if (thrown)                      \
            obfree(o, (struct obj *) 0); \
        else                             \
            useupall(o);                 \
        o = (struct obj *) 0;            \
    } while (0) /* now gone */
                case EGG: {
                    long cnt = obj->quan;

                    tmp = 1; /* nominal physical damage */
                    get_dmg_bonus = FALSE;
                    hittxt = TRUE; /* message always given */
                    /* egg is always either used up or transformed, so next
                       hand-to-hand attack should yield a "bashing" mesg */
                    if (obj == uwep)
                        unweapon = TRUE;
                    if (obj->spe && obj->corpsenm >= LOW_PM) {
                        if (obj->quan < 5L)
                            change_luck((schar) - (obj->quan));
                        else
                            change_luck(-5);
                    }

                    if (touch_petrifies(&mons[obj->corpsenm])) {
                        /*learn_egg_type(obj->corpsenm);*/
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        pline("Splat!  You hit %s with %s %s egg%s!",
                              mon_nam(mon),
                              obj->known ? "the" : cnt > 1L ? "some" : "a",
                              obj->known ? mons[obj->corpsenm].mname
                                         : "petrifying",
                              plur(cnt));
#else
                        pline("\83r\83`\83\83\83b\81I\82 \82È\82½\82Í%s\82É%s%s\82Ì\97\91\82ð\93\8a\82°\82Â\82¯\82½\81I",
                              mon_nam(mon),
                              cnt > 1L ? "\82¢\82­\82Â\82©\82Ì" : "",
                              obj->known ? mons[obj->corpsenm].mname
                                         : "\90Î\89»");
#endif
                        obj->known = 1; /* (not much point...) */
                        useup_eggs(obj);
                        if (!munstone(mon, TRUE))
                            minstapetrify(mon, TRUE);
                        if (resists_ston(mon))
                            break;
                        return (boolean) (!DEADMONSTER(mon));
                    } else { /* ordinary egg(s) */
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        const char *eggp = (obj->corpsenm != NON_PM
                                            && obj->known)
                                           ? the(mons[obj->corpsenm].mname)
                                           : (cnt > 1L) ? "some" : "an";

                        You("hit %s with %s egg%s.", mon_nam(mon), eggp,
                            plur(cnt));
#else
                        const char *eggp = (obj->corpsenm != NON_PM
                                            && obj->known)
                                           ? mons[obj->corpsenm].mname
                                           : "";
                        You("%s\82É%s%s\97\91\82ð\93\8a\82°\82Â\82¯\82½\81D",
                                mon_nam(mon), eggp, *eggp ? "\82Ì" : "");
#endif
                        if (touch_petrifies(mdat) && !stale_egg(obj)) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                            pline_The("egg%s %s alive any more...", plur(cnt),
                                      (cnt == 1L) ? "isn't" : "aren't");
#else
                            pline("\82à\82¤\97\91\82ª\9bz\89»\82·\82é\82±\82Æ\82Í\82È\82¢\82¾\82ë\82¤\81D\81D\81D");
#endif
                            if (obj->timed)
                                obj_stop_timers(obj);
                            obj->otyp = ROCK;
                            obj->oclass = GEM_CLASS;
                            obj->oartifact = 0;
                            obj->spe = 0;
                            obj->known = obj->dknown = obj->bknown = 0;
                            obj->owt = weight(obj);
                            if (thrown)
                                place_object(obj, mon->mx, mon->my);
                        } else {
/*JP
                            pline("Splat!");
*/
                            pline("\83r\83`\83\83\83b\81I");
                            useup_eggs(obj);
                            exercise(A_WIS, FALSE);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
#undef useup_eggs
                }
                case CLOVE_OF_GARLIC: /* no effect against demons */
                    if (is_undead(mdat) || is_vampshifter(mon)) {
                        monflee(mon, d(2, 4), FALSE, TRUE);
                    }
                    tmp = 1;
                    break;
                case CREAM_PIE:
                case BLINDING_VENOM:
                    mon->msleeping = 0;
                    if (can_blnd(&youmonst, mon,
                                 (uchar) ((obj->otyp == BLINDING_VENOM)
                                             ? AT_SPIT
                                             : AT_WEAP),
                                 obj)) {
                        if (Blind) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                            pline(obj->otyp == CREAM_PIE ? "Splat!"
                                                         : "Splash!");
#else
                            pline(obj->otyp == CREAM_PIE ? "\83r\83V\83\83\83b\81I"
                                                         : "\83s\83`\83\83\83b\81I");
#endif
                        } else if (obj->otyp == BLINDING_VENOM) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                            pline_The("venom blinds %s%s!", mon_nam(mon),
                                      mon->mcansee ? "" : " further");
#else
                            pline("\93Å\89t\82Å%s\82Í%s\96Ú\82ª\8c©\82¦\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon),
                                  mon->mcansee ? "" : "\82³\82ç\82É");
#endif
                        } else {
                            char *whom = mon_nam(mon);
                            char *what = The(xname(obj));

                            if (!thrown && obj->quan > 1L)
                                what = An(singular(obj, xname));
                            /* note: s_suffix returns a modifiable buffer */
                            if (haseyes(mdat)
                                && mdat != &mons[PM_FLOATING_EYE])
#if 0 /*JP*/
                                whom = strcat(strcat(s_suffix(whom), " "),
                                              mbodypart(mon, FACE));
#else
                                whom = strcat(s_suffix(whom),
                                              mbodypart(mon, FACE));
#endif
#if 0 /*JP*/
                            pline("%s %s over %s!", what,
                                  vtense(what, "splash"), whom);
#else
                            pline("%s\82Í%s\82É\82Ô\82¿\82Ü\82¯\82ç\82ê\82½\81I",
                                  what, whom);
#endif
                        }
                        setmangry(mon, TRUE);
                        mon->mcansee = 0;
                        tmp = rn1(25, 21);
                        if (((int) mon->mblinded + tmp) > 127)
                            mon->mblinded = 127;
                        else
                            mon->mblinded += tmp;
                    } else {
/*JP
                        pline(obj->otyp == CREAM_PIE ? "Splat!" : "Splash!");
*/
                        pline(obj->otyp==CREAM_PIE ? "\83r\83V\83\83\83b\81I" : "\83s\83`\83\83\83b\81I");
                        setmangry(mon, TRUE);
                    }
                    if (thrown)
                        obfree(obj, (struct obj *) 0);
                    else
                        useup(obj);
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                    get_dmg_bonus = FALSE;
                    tmp = 0;
                    break;
                case ACID_VENOM: /* thrown (or spit) */
                    if (resists_acid(mon)) {
/*JP
                        Your("venom hits %s harmlessly.", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                        pline("\93Å\89t\82Í%s\82É\82Í\8cø\89Ê\82ª\82È\82©\82Á\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon));
                        tmp = 0;
                    } else {
/*JP
                        Your("venom burns %s!", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                        Your("\93Å\89t\82Í%s\82ð\8fÄ\82¢\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon));
                        tmp = dmgval(obj, mon);
                    }
                    if (thrown)
                        obfree(obj, (struct obj *) 0);
                    else
                        useup(obj);
                    hittxt = TRUE;
                    get_dmg_bonus = FALSE;
                    break;
                default:
                    /* non-weapons can damage because of their weight */
                    /* (but not too much) */
                    tmp = obj->owt / 100;
                    if (is_wet_towel(obj)) {
                        /* wielded wet towel should probably use whip skill
                           (but not by setting objects[TOWEL].oc_skill==P_WHIP
                           because that would turn towel into a weptool) */
                        tmp += obj->spe;
                        if (rn2(obj->spe + 1)) /* usually lose some wetness */
                            dry_a_towel(obj, -1, TRUE);
                    }
                    if (tmp < 1)
                        tmp = 1;
                    else
                        tmp = rnd(tmp);
                    if (tmp > 6)
                        tmp = 6;
                    /*
                     * Things like silver wands can arrive here so
                     * so we need another silver check.
                     */
                    if (objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == SILVER
                        && mon_hates_silver(mon)) {
                        tmp += rnd(20);
                        silvermsg = TRUE;
                        silverobj = TRUE;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /****** NOTE: perhaps obj is undefined!! (if !thrown && BOOMERANG)
     *      *OR* if attacking bare-handed!! */

    if (get_dmg_bonus && tmp > 0) {
        tmp += u.udaminc;
        /* If you throw using a propellor, you don't get a strength
         * bonus but you do get an increase-damage bonus.
         */
        if (thrown != HMON_THROWN || !obj || !uwep
            || !ammo_and_launcher(obj, uwep))
            tmp += dbon();
    }

    if (valid_weapon_attack) {
        struct obj *wep;

        /* to be valid a projectile must have had the correct projector */
        wep = PROJECTILE(obj) ? uwep : obj;
        tmp += weapon_dam_bonus(wep);
        /* [this assumes that `!thrown' implies wielded...] */
        wtype = thrown ? weapon_type(wep) : uwep_skill_type();
        use_skill(wtype, 1);
    }

    if (ispoisoned) {
        int nopoison = (10 - (obj->owt / 10));

        if (nopoison < 2)
            nopoison = 2;
        if (Role_if(PM_SAMURAI)) {
/*JP
            You("dishonorably use a poisoned weapon!");
*/
            You("\95s\96¼\97_\82É\82à\93Å\82Ì\95\90\8aí\82ð\8eg\97p\82µ\82½\81I");
            adjalign(-sgn(u.ualign.type));
        } else if (u.ualign.type == A_LAWFUL && u.ualign.record > -10) {
/*JP
            You_feel("like an evil coward for using a poisoned weapon.");
*/
            You("\93Å\82Ì\95\90\8aí\82ð\8eg\97p\82·\82é\82Ì\82Í\94Ú\8b¯\82¾\82Æ\8a´\82¶\82½\81D");
            adjalign(-1);
        }
        if (obj && !rn2(nopoison)) {
            /* remove poison now in case obj ends up in a bones file */
            obj->opoisoned = FALSE;
            /* defer "obj is no longer poisoned" until after hit message */
            unpoisonmsg = TRUE;
        }
        if (resists_poison(mon))
            needpoismsg = TRUE;
        else if (rn2(10))
            tmp += rnd(6);
        else
            poiskilled = TRUE;
    }
    if (tmp < 1) {
        /* make sure that negative damage adjustment can't result
           in inadvertently boosting the victim's hit points */
        tmp = 0;
        if (mdat == &mons[PM_SHADE]) {
            if (!hittxt) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                const char *what = *unconventional ? unconventional : "attack";

                Your("%s %s harmlessly through %s.", what,
                     vtense(what, "pass"), mon_nam(mon));
#else
                Your("\8dU\8c\82\82Í%s\82ð\92Ê\82è\82Ê\82¯\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon));
#endif
                hittxt = TRUE;
            }
        } else {
            if (get_dmg_bonus)
                tmp = 1;
        }
    }

    if (jousting) {
        tmp += d(2, (obj == uwep) ? 10 : 2); /* [was in dmgval()] */
/*JP
        You("joust %s%s", mon_nam(mon), canseemon(mon) ? exclam(tmp) : ".");
*/
        You("%s\82É\93Ë\8c\82\82µ\82½%s", mon_nam(mon), canseemon(mon) ? exclam(tmp) : "\81D");
        if (jousting < 0) {
/*JP
            pline("%s shatters on impact!", Yname2(obj));
*/
            Your("%s\82Í\8fÕ\8c\82\82Å\89ó\82ê\82½\81I", xname(obj));
            /* (must be either primary or secondary weapon to get here) */
            u.twoweap = FALSE; /* untwoweapon() is too verbose here */
            if (obj == uwep)
                uwepgone(); /* set unweapon */
            /* minor side-effect: broken lance won't split puddings */
            useup(obj);
            obj = 0;
        }
        /* avoid migrating a dead monster */
        if (mon->mhp > tmp) {
            mhurtle(mon, u.dx, u.dy, 1);
            mdat = mon->data; /* in case of a polymorph trap */
            if (DEADMONSTER(mon))
                already_killed = TRUE;
        }
        hittxt = TRUE;
    } else if (unarmed && tmp > 1 && !thrown && !obj && !Upolyd) {
        /* VERY small chance of stunning opponent if unarmed. */
        if (rnd(100) < P_SKILL(P_BARE_HANDED_COMBAT) && !bigmonst(mdat)
            && !thick_skinned(mdat)) {
            if (canspotmon(mon))
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("%s %s from your powerful strike!", Monnam(mon),
                      makeplural(stagger(mon->data, "stagger")));
#else
                pline("%s\82Í\82 \82È\82½\82Ì\89ï\90S\82Ì\88ê\8c\82\82Å%s\81I", Monnam(mon),
                      jpast(stagger(mon->data, "\82æ\82ë\82ß\82­")));
#endif
            /* avoid migrating a dead monster */
            if (mon->mhp > tmp) {
                mhurtle(mon, u.dx, u.dy, 1);
                mdat = mon->data; /* in case of a polymorph trap */
                if (DEADMONSTER(mon))
                    already_killed = TRUE;
            }
            hittxt = TRUE;
        }
    }

    if (!already_killed)
        mon->mhp -= tmp;
    /* adjustments might have made tmp become less than what
       a level draining artifact has already done to max HP */
    if (mon->mhp > mon->mhpmax)
        mon->mhp = mon->mhpmax;
    if (DEADMONSTER(mon))
        destroyed = TRUE;
    if (mon->mtame && tmp > 0) {
        /* do this even if the pet is being killed (affects revival) */
        abuse_dog(mon); /* reduces tameness */
        /* flee if still alive and still tame; if already suffering from
           untimed fleeing, no effect, otherwise increases timed fleeing */
        if (mon->mtame && !destroyed)
            monflee(mon, 10 * rnd(tmp), FALSE, FALSE);
    }
    if ((mdat == &mons[PM_BLACK_PUDDING] || mdat == &mons[PM_BROWN_PUDDING])
        /* pudding is alive and healthy enough to split */
        && mon->mhp > 1 && !mon->mcan
        /* iron weapon using melee or polearm hit [3.6.1: metal weapon too;
           also allow either or both weapons to cause split when twoweap] */
        && obj && (obj == uwep || (u.twoweap && obj == uswapwep))
        && ((objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == IRON
             /* allow scalpel and tsurugi to split puddings */
             || objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == METAL)
            /* but not bashing with darts, arrows or ya */
            && !(is_ammo(obj) || is_missile(obj)))
        && hand_to_hand) {
        struct monst *mclone;
        if ((mclone = clone_mon(mon, 0, 0)) != 0) {
            char withwhat[BUFSZ];

            withwhat[0] = '\0';
#if 0 /*JP*/
            if (u.twoweap && flags.verbose)
                Sprintf(withwhat, " with %s", yname(obj));
            pline("%s divides as you hit it%s!", Monnam(mon), withwhat);
#else
            if (u.twoweap && flags.verbose)
                Sprintf(withwhat, "%s\82Å\82Ì", yname(obj));
            pline("\82 \82È\82½\82Ì%s\8dU\8c\82\82Å%s\82Í\95ª\97ô\82µ\82½\81I", withwhat, Monnam(mon));
#endif
            hittxt = TRUE;
            mintrap(mclone);
        }
    }

    if (!hittxt /*( thrown => obj exists )*/
        && (!destroyed
            || (thrown && m_shot.n > 1 && m_shot.o == obj->otyp))) {
        if (thrown)
            hit(mshot_xname(obj), mon, exclam(tmp));
        else if (!flags.verbose)
/*JP
            You("hit it.");
*/
            pline("\8dU\8c\82\82Í\96½\92\86\82µ\82½\81D");
        else
#if 0 /*JP*//*\89£\82è\95û\82ð\95ª\82¯\82é\82Ü\82Å\82Í\82â\82ç\82È\82¢*/
            You("%s %s%s",
                (obj && (is_shield(obj) || obj->otyp == HEAVY_IRON_BALL))
                  ? "bash" : Role_if(PM_BARBARIAN) ? "smite" : "hit",
                mon_nam(mon), canseemon(mon) ? exclam(tmp) : ".");
#else
            Your("%s\82Ö\82Ì\8dU\8c\82\82Í\96½\92\86\82µ\82½%s",
                 mon_nam(mon), canseemon(mon) ? exclam(tmp) : "\81D");
#endif
    }

    if (silvermsg) {
        const char *fmt;
        char *whom = mon_nam(mon);
        char silverobjbuf[BUFSZ];

        if (canspotmon(mon)) {
            if (barehand_silver_rings == 1)
/*JP
                fmt = "Your silver ring sears %s!";
*/
                fmt = "%s\82Í\8bâ\82Ì\8ew\97Ö\82Å\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I";
            else if (barehand_silver_rings == 2)
/*JP
                fmt = "Your silver rings sear %s!";
*/
                fmt = "%s\82Í\8bâ\82Ì\8ew\97Ö\82Å\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I";
            else if (silverobj && saved_oname[0]) {
                /* guard constructed format string against '%' in
                   saved_oname[] from xname(via cxname()) */
#if 0 /*JP*/
                Sprintf(silverobjbuf, "Your %s%s %s",
                        strstri(saved_oname, "silver") ? "" : "silver ",
                        saved_oname, vtense(saved_oname, "sear"));
#else
                Sprintf(silverobjbuf, "%%s\82Í%s%s\82Å\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I",
                        strstri(saved_oname, "\8bâ") ?
                        "" : "\8bâ\82Ì",
                        saved_oname);
#endif
                (void) strNsubst(silverobjbuf, "%", "%%", 0);
                Strcat(silverobjbuf, " %s!");
                fmt = silverobjbuf;
            } else
/*JP
                fmt = "The silver sears %s!";
*/
                fmt = "%s\82Í\8bâ\82Å\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I";
        } else {
            *whom = highc(*whom); /* "it" -> "It" */
/*JP
            fmt = "%s is seared!";
*/
            fmt = "%s\82Í\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I";
        }
        /* note: s_suffix returns a modifiable buffer */
        if (!noncorporeal(mdat) && !amorphous(mdat))
/*JP
            whom = strcat(s_suffix(whom), " flesh");
*/
            whom = strcat(s_suffix(whom), "\93÷");
        pline(fmt, whom);
    }
    if (lightobj) {
        const char *fmt;
        char *whom = mon_nam(mon);
        char emitlightobjbuf[BUFSZ];

        if (canspotmon(mon)) {
            if (saved_oname[0]) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                Sprintf(emitlightobjbuf,
                        "%s radiance penetrates deep into",
                        s_suffix(saved_oname));
                Strcat(emitlightobjbuf, " %s!");
#else
                Sprintf(emitlightobjbuf,
                        "%s\8cõ\82ª%%s\82É\90[\82­\8aÑ\92Ê\82µ\82½\81I",
                        s_suffix(saved_oname));
#endif
                fmt = emitlightobjbuf;
            } else
/*JP
                fmt = "The light sears %s!";
*/
                fmt = "\8cõ\82Í%s\82ð\8fÄ\82¢\82½\81I";
        } else {
#if 0 /*JP*/
            *whom = highc(*whom); /* "it" -> "It" */
#endif
/*JP
            fmt = "%s is seared!";
*/
            fmt = "%s\82Í\8fÄ\82©\82ê\82½\81I";
        }
        /* note: s_suffix returns a modifiable buffer */
        if (!noncorporeal(mdat) && !amorphous(mdat))
/*JP
            whom = strcat(s_suffix(whom), " flesh");
*/
            whom = strcat(s_suffix(whom), "\93÷");
        pline(fmt, whom);
    }
    /* if a "no longer poisoned" message is coming, it will be last;
       obj->opoisoned was cleared above and any message referring to
       "poisoned <obj>" has now been given; we want just "<obj>" for
       last message, so reformat while obj is still accessible */
    if (unpoisonmsg)
        Strcpy(saved_oname, cxname(obj));

    /* [note: thrown obj might go away during killed()/xkilled() call
       (via 'thrownobj'; if swallowed, it gets added to engulfer's
       minvent and might merge with a stack that's already there)] */

    if (needpoismsg)
/*JP
        pline_The("poison doesn't seem to affect %s.", mon_nam(mon));
*/
        pline("\93Å\82Í%s\82É\8cø\82©\82È\82©\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", mon_nam(mon));
    if (poiskilled) {
/*JP
        pline_The("poison was deadly...");
*/
        pline("\93Å\82Í\92v\8e\80\97Ê\82¾\82Á\82½\81D\81D\81D");
        if (!already_killed)
            xkilled(mon, XKILL_NOMSG);
        destroyed = TRUE; /* return FALSE; */
    } else if (destroyed) {
        if (!already_killed)
            killed(mon); /* takes care of most messages */
    } else if (u.umconf && hand_to_hand) {
        nohandglow(mon);
        if (!mon->mconf && !resist(mon, SPBOOK_CLASS, 0, NOTELL)) {
            mon->mconf = 1;
            if (!mon->mstun && mon->mcanmove && !mon->msleeping
                && canseemon(mon))
/*JP
                pline("%s appears confused.", Monnam(mon));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\8d¬\97\90\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82é\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mon));
        }
    }
    if (unpoisonmsg)
#if 0 /*JP*/
        Your("%s %s no longer poisoned.", saved_oname,
             vtense(saved_oname, "are"));
#else
        Your("%s\82Í\82à\82¤\93Å\82ª\93h\82ç\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82È\82¢\81D", xname(obj));
#endif

    return destroyed ? FALSE : TRUE;
}

STATIC_OVL boolean
shade_aware(obj)
struct obj *obj;
{
    if (!obj)
        return FALSE;
    /*
     * The things in this list either
     * 1) affect shades.
     *  OR
     * 2) are dealt with properly by other routines
     *    when it comes to shades.
     */
    if (obj->otyp == BOULDER
        || obj->otyp == HEAVY_IRON_BALL
        || obj->otyp == IRON_CHAIN      /* dmgval handles those first three */
        || obj->otyp == MIRROR          /* silver in the reflective surface */
        || obj->otyp == CLOVE_OF_GARLIC /* causes shades to flee */
        || objects[obj->otyp].oc_material == SILVER)
        return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

/* check whether slippery clothing protects from hug or wrap attack */
/* [currently assumes that you are the attacker] */
STATIC_OVL boolean
m_slips_free(mdef, mattk)
struct monst *mdef;
struct attack *mattk;
{
    struct obj *obj;

    if (mattk->adtyp == AD_DRIN) {
        /* intelligence drain attacks the head */
        obj = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMH);
    } else {
        /* grabbing attacks the body */
        obj = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMC); /* cloak */
        if (!obj)
            obj = which_armor(mdef, W_ARM); /* suit */
        if (!obj)
            obj = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMU); /* shirt */
    }

    /* if monster's cloak/armor is greased, your grab slips off; this
       protection might fail (33% chance) when the armor is cursed */
    if (obj && (obj->greased || obj->otyp == OILSKIN_CLOAK)
        && (!obj->cursed || rn2(3))) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
        You("%s %s %s %s!",
            mattk->adtyp == AD_WRAP ? "slip off of"
                                    : "grab, but cannot hold onto",
            s_suffix(mon_nam(mdef)), obj->greased ? "greased" : "slippery",
            /* avoid "slippery slippery cloak"
               for undiscovered oilskin cloak */
            (obj->greased || objects[obj->otyp].oc_name_known)
                ? xname(obj)
                : cloak_simple_name(obj));
#else
        You("%s\82Ì%s%s%s\81I",
            mon_nam(mdef), obj->greased ? "\96û\82Ì\93h\82ç\82ê\82½" : "\8a\8a\82è\82â\82·\82¢",
            (obj->greased || objects[obj->otyp].oc_name_known)
                ? xname(obj)
                : cloak_simple_name(obj),
            mattk->adtyp == AD_WRAP ? "\82Å\8a\8a\82Á\82½"
                                    : "\82ð\82Â\82©\82Ü\82æ\82¤\82Æ\82µ\82½\82ª\81C\82Å\82«\82È\82©\82Á\82½");
#endif

        if (obj->greased && !rn2(2)) {
/*JP
            pline_The("grease wears off.");
*/
            pline("\96û\82Í\97\8e\82¿\82Ä\82µ\82Ü\82Á\82½\81D");
            obj->greased = 0;
        }
        return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}

/* used when hitting a monster with a lance while mounted;
   1: joust hit; 0: ordinary hit; -1: joust but break lance */
STATIC_OVL int
joust(mon, obj)
struct monst *mon; /* target */
struct obj *obj;   /* weapon */
{
    int skill_rating, joust_dieroll;

    if (Fumbling || Stunned)
        return 0;
    /* sanity check; lance must be wielded in order to joust */
    if (obj != uwep && (obj != uswapwep || !u.twoweap))
        return 0;

    /* if using two weapons, use worse of lance and two-weapon skills */
    skill_rating = P_SKILL(weapon_type(obj)); /* lance skill */
    if (u.twoweap && P_SKILL(P_TWO_WEAPON_COMBAT) < skill_rating)
        skill_rating = P_SKILL(P_TWO_WEAPON_COMBAT);
    if (skill_rating == P_ISRESTRICTED)
        skill_rating = P_UNSKILLED; /* 0=>1 */

    /* odds to joust are expert:80%, skilled:60%, basic:40%, unskilled:20% */
    if ((joust_dieroll = rn2(5)) < skill_rating) {
        if (joust_dieroll == 0 && rnl(50) == (50 - 1) && !unsolid(mon->data)
            && !obj_resists(obj, 0, 100))
            return -1; /* hit that breaks lance */
        return 1;      /* successful joust */
    }
    return 0; /* no joust bonus; revert to ordinary attack */
}

/*
 * Send in a demon pet for the hero.  Exercise wisdom.
 *
 * This function used to be inline to damageum(), but the Metrowerks compiler
 * (DR4 and DR4.5) screws up with an internal error 5 "Expression Too
 * Complex."
 * Pulling it out makes it work.
 */
STATIC_OVL void
demonpet()
{
    int i;
    struct permonst *pm;
    struct monst *dtmp;

/*JP
    pline("Some hell-p has arrived!");
*/
    pline("\92n\8d\96\82Ì\92\87\8aÔ\82ª\8c»\82í\82ê\82½\81I");
    i = !rn2(6) ? ndemon(u.ualign.type) : NON_PM;
    pm = i != NON_PM ? &mons[i] : youmonst.data;
    if ((dtmp = makemon(pm, u.ux, u.uy, NO_MM_FLAGS)) != 0)
        (void) tamedog(dtmp, (struct obj *) 0);
    exercise(A_WIS, TRUE);
}

STATIC_OVL boolean
theft_petrifies(otmp)
struct obj *otmp;
{
    if (uarmg || otmp->otyp != CORPSE
        || !touch_petrifies(&mons[otmp->corpsenm]) || Stone_resistance)
        return FALSE;

#if 0   /* no poly_when_stoned() critter has theft capability */
    if (poly_when_stoned(youmonst.data) && polymon(PM_STONE_GOLEM)) {
        display_nhwindow(WIN_MESSAGE, FALSE);   /* --More-- */
        return TRUE;
    }
#endif

    /* stealing this corpse is fatal... */
/*JP
    instapetrify(corpse_xname(otmp, "stolen", CXN_ARTICLE));
*/
    instapetrify(corpse_xname(otmp, "\93\90\82Ü\82ê\82½", CXN_ARTICLE));
    /* apparently wasn't fatal after all... */
    return TRUE;
}

/*
 * Player uses theft attack against monster.
 *
 * If the target is wearing body armor, take all of its possessions;
 * otherwise, take one object.  [Is this really the behavior we want?]
 */
STATIC_OVL void
steal_it(mdef, mattk)
struct monst *mdef;
struct attack *mattk;
{
    struct obj *otmp, *stealoid, **minvent_ptr;
    long unwornmask;

    if (!mdef->minvent)
        return; /* nothing to take */

    /* look for worn body armor */
    stealoid = (struct obj *) 0;
    if (could_seduce(&youmonst, mdef, mattk)) {
        /* find armor, and move it to end of inventory in the process */
        minvent_ptr = &mdef->minvent;
        while ((otmp = *minvent_ptr) != 0)
            if (otmp->owornmask & W_ARM) {
                if (stealoid)
                    panic("steal_it: multiple worn suits");
                *minvent_ptr = otmp->nobj; /* take armor out of minvent */
                stealoid = otmp;
                stealoid->nobj = (struct obj *) 0;
            } else {
                minvent_ptr = &otmp->nobj;
            }
        *minvent_ptr = stealoid; /* put armor back into minvent */
    }

    if (stealoid) { /* we will be taking everything */
        if (gender(mdef) == (int) u.mfemale && youmonst.data->mlet == S_NYMPH)
/*JP
            You("charm %s.  She gladly hands over her possessions.",
*/
            You("%s\82ð\82¤\82Á\82Æ\82è\82³\82¹\82½\81D\94Þ\8f\97\82Í\82æ\82ë\82±\82ñ\82Å\8e\9d\82¿\95¨\82ð\82³\82µ\82¾\82µ\82½\81D",
                mon_nam(mdef));
        else
#if 0 /*JP*/
            You("seduce %s and %s starts to take off %s clothes.",
                mon_nam(mdef), mhe(mdef), mhis(mdef));
#else
            You("%s\82ð\97U\98f\82µ\82½\81D%s\82Í\95\9e\82ð\92E\82¬\82Í\82¶\82ß\82½\81D",
                mon_nam(mdef), mhe(mdef));
#endif
    }

    while ((otmp = mdef->minvent) != 0) {
        if (!Upolyd)
            break; /* no longer have ability to steal */
        /* take the object away from the monster */
        obj_extract_self(otmp);
        if ((unwornmask = otmp->owornmask) != 0L) {
            mdef->misc_worn_check &= ~unwornmask;
            if (otmp->owornmask & W_WEP)
                setmnotwielded(mdef, otmp);
            otmp->owornmask = 0L;
            update_mon_intrinsics(mdef, otmp, FALSE, FALSE);
            /* give monster a chance to wear other equipment on its next
               move instead of waiting until it picks something up */
            mdef->misc_worn_check |= I_SPECIAL;

            if (otmp == stealoid) /* special message for final item */
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("%s finishes taking off %s suit.", Monnam(mdef),
                      mhis(mdef));
#else
                pline("%s\82Í\92E\82¬\8fI\82¦\82½\81D", Monnam(mdef));
#endif
        }
        /* give the object to the character */
#if 0 /*JP*/
        otmp = hold_another_object(otmp, "You snatched but dropped %s.",
                                   doname(otmp), "You steal: ");
#else
        otmp = hold_another_object(otmp, "\82 \82È\82½\82Í%s\82ð\93\90\82ñ\82¾\82ª\97\8e\82Æ\82µ\82½\81D",
                                   doname(otmp), "\82ð\93\90\82ñ\82¾\81D");
#endif
        /* might have dropped otmp, and it might have broken or left level */
        if (!otmp || otmp->where != OBJ_INVENT)
            continue;
        if (theft_petrifies(otmp))
            break; /* stop thieving even though hero survived */
        /* more take-away handling, after theft message */
        if (unwornmask & W_WEP) { /* stole wielded weapon */
            possibly_unwield(mdef, FALSE);
        } else if (unwornmask & W_ARMG) { /* stole worn gloves */
            mselftouch(mdef, (const char *) 0, TRUE);
            if (DEADMONSTER(mdef)) /* it's now a statue */
                return;         /* can't continue stealing */
        }

        if (!stealoid)
            break; /* only taking one item */
    }
}

int
damageum(mdef, mattk, specialdmg)
register struct monst *mdef;
register struct attack *mattk;
int specialdmg; /* blessed and/or silver bonus against various things */
{
    register struct permonst *pd = mdef->data;
    int armpro, tmp = d((int) mattk->damn, (int) mattk->damd);
    boolean negated;
    struct obj *mongold;

    armpro = magic_negation(mdef);
    /* since hero can't be cancelled, only defender's armor applies */
    negated = !(rn2(10) >= 3 * armpro);

    if (is_demon(youmonst.data) && !rn2(13) && !uwep
        && u.umonnum != PM_SUCCUBUS && u.umonnum != PM_INCUBUS
        && u.umonnum != PM_BALROG) {
        demonpet();
        return 0;
    }
    switch (mattk->adtyp) {
    case AD_STUN:
        if (!Blind)
#if 0 /*JP*/
            pline("%s %s for a moment.", Monnam(mdef),
                  makeplural(stagger(pd, "stagger")));
#else
            pline("%s\82Í\88ê\8fu%s\81D", Monnam(mdef),
                  jpast(stagger(pd, "\82æ\82ë\82ß\82­")));
#endif
        mdef->mstun = 1;
        goto physical;
    case AD_LEGS:
#if 0
        if (u.ucancelled) {
            tmp = 0;
            break;
        }
#endif
        goto physical;
    case AD_WERE: /* no special effect on monsters */
    case AD_HEAL: /* likewise */
    case AD_PHYS:
 physical:
        if (pd == &mons[PM_SHADE]) {
            tmp = 0;
            if (!specialdmg)
                impossible("bad shade attack function flow?");
        }
        tmp += specialdmg;

        if (mattk->aatyp == AT_WEAP) {
            /* hmonas() uses known_hitum() to deal physical damage,
               then also damageum() for non-AD_PHYS; don't inflict
               extra physical damage for unusual damage types */
            tmp = 0;
        } else if (mattk->aatyp == AT_KICK
                   || mattk->aatyp == AT_CLAW
                   || mattk->aatyp == AT_TUCH
                   || mattk->aatyp == AT_HUGS) {
            if (thick_skinned(pd))
                tmp = (mattk->aatyp == AT_KICK) ? 0 : (tmp + 1) / 2;
            /* add ring(s) of increase damage */
            if (u.udaminc > 0) {
                /* applies even if damage was 0 */
                tmp += u.udaminc;
            } else if (tmp > 0) {
                /* ring(s) might be negative; avoid converting
                   0 to non-0 or positive to non-positive */
                tmp += u.udaminc;
                if (tmp < 1)
                    tmp = 1;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AD_FIRE:
        if (negated) {
            tmp = 0;
            break;
        }
        if (!Blind)
/*JP
            pline("%s is %s!", Monnam(mdef), on_fire(pd, mattk));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í%s\81I", Monnam(mdef), on_fire(mdef->data, mattk));
        if (completelyburns(pd)) { /* paper golem or straw golem */
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline("%s burns completely!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\8a®\91S\82É\94R\82¦\90s\82«\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            else
#if 0 /*JP*/
                You("smell burning%s.",
                    (pd == &mons[PM_PAPER_GOLEM]) ? " paper"
                      : (pd == &mons[PM_STRAW_GOLEM]) ? " straw" : "");
#else
                You("%s\82ª\94R\82¦\82é\82É\82¨\82¢\82ª\82µ\82½\81D",
                    (pd == &mons[PM_PAPER_GOLEM]) ? "\8e\86"
                      : (pd == &mons[PM_STRAW_GOLEM]) ? "\82í\82ç" : "\89½\82©");
#endif
            xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG | XKILL_NOCORPSE);
            tmp = 0;
            break;
            /* Don't return yet; keep hp<1 and tmp=0 for pet msg */
        }
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, SCROLL_CLASS, AD_FIRE);
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, SPBOOK_CLASS, AD_FIRE);
        if (resists_fire(mdef)) {
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline_The("fire doesn't heat %s!", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\89\8a\82Í%s\82É\89e\8b¿\82ª\82È\82¢\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
            golemeffects(mdef, AD_FIRE, tmp);
            shieldeff(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
            tmp = 0;
        }
        /* only potions damage resistant players in destroy_item */
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, POTION_CLASS, AD_FIRE);
        break;
    case AD_COLD:
        if (negated) {
            tmp = 0;
            break;
        }
        if (!Blind)
/*JP
            pline("%s is covered in frost!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\95X\82Å\95¢\82í\82ê\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
        if (resists_cold(mdef)) {
            shieldeff(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline_The("frost doesn't chill %s!", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\95X\82Í%s\82ð\93\80\82ç\82·\82±\82Æ\82ª\82Å\82«\82È\82¢\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
            golemeffects(mdef, AD_COLD, tmp);
            tmp = 0;
        }
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, POTION_CLASS, AD_COLD);
        break;
    case AD_ELEC:
        if (negated) {
            tmp = 0;
            break;
        }
        if (!Blind)
/*JP
            pline("%s is zapped!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\93d\8c\82\82ð\82­\82ç\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, WAND_CLASS, AD_ELEC);
        if (resists_elec(mdef)) {
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline_The("zap doesn't shock %s!", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\93d\8c\82\82Í%s\82É\89e\8b¿\82ð\97^\82¦\82È\82¢\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
            golemeffects(mdef, AD_ELEC, tmp);
            shieldeff(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
            tmp = 0;
        }
        /* only rings damage resistant players in destroy_item */
        tmp += destroy_mitem(mdef, RING_CLASS, AD_ELEC);
        break;
    case AD_ACID:
        if (resists_acid(mdef))
            tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_STON:
        if (!munstone(mdef, TRUE))
            minstapetrify(mdef, TRUE);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_SSEX:
    case AD_SEDU:
    case AD_SITM:
        steal_it(mdef, mattk);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_SGLD:
        /* This you as a leprechaun, so steal
           real gold only, no lesser coins */
        mongold = findgold(mdef->minvent);
        if (mongold) {
            obj_extract_self(mongold);
            if (merge_choice(invent, mongold) || inv_cnt(FALSE) < 52) {
                addinv(mongold);
/*JP
                    Your("purse feels heavier.");
*/
                    You("\8dà\95z\82ª\8fd\82­\82È\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82È\8bC\82ª\82µ\82½\81D");
            } else {
/*JP
                    You("grab %s's gold, but find no room in your knapsack.",
*/
                    You("%s\82Ì\82¨\8bà\82ð\82Â\82©\82ñ\82¾\82ª\81C\8e\9d\82¿\95¨\91Ü\82É\93ü\82ç\82È\82©\82Á\82½\81D",
                    mon_nam(mdef));
                dropy(mongold);
            }
        }
        exercise(A_DEX, TRUE);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_TLPT:
        if (tmp <= 0)
            tmp = 1;
        if (!negated) {
            char nambuf[BUFSZ];
            boolean u_saw_mon = (canseemon(mdef)
                                 || (u.uswallow && u.ustuck == mdef));

            /* record the name before losing sight of monster */
            Strcpy(nambuf, Monnam(mdef));
            if (u_teleport_mon(mdef, FALSE) && u_saw_mon
                && !(canseemon(mdef) || (u.uswallow && u.ustuck == mdef)))
/*JP
                pline("%s suddenly disappears!", nambuf);
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\93Ë\91R\8fÁ\82¦\82½\81I", nambuf);
            if (tmp >= mdef->mhp) { /* see hitmu(mhitu.c) */
                if (mdef->mhp == 1)
                    ++mdef->mhp;
                tmp = mdef->mhp - 1;
            }
        }
        break;
    case AD_BLND:
        if (can_blnd(&youmonst, mdef, mattk->aatyp, (struct obj *) 0)) {
            if (!Blind && mdef->mcansee)
/*JP
                pline("%s is blinded.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\96Ú\82ª\8c©\82¦\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81D", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mcansee = 0;
            tmp += mdef->mblinded;
            if (tmp > 127)
                tmp = 127;
            mdef->mblinded = tmp;
        }
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_CURS:
        if (night() && !rn2(10) && !mdef->mcan) {
            if (pd == &mons[PM_CLAY_GOLEM]) {
                if (!Blind)
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    pline("Some writing vanishes from %s head!",
                          s_suffix(mon_nam(mdef)));
#else
                    pline("%s\82Ì\93ª\82É\8f\91\82¢\82Ä\82 \82é\95¶\8e\9a\82Ì\82¢\82­\82Â\82©\82ª\8fÁ\82¦\82½\81I",
                          mon_nam(mdef));
#endif
                xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG);
                /* Don't return yet; keep hp<1 and tmp=0 for pet msg */
            } else {
                mdef->mcan = 1;
/*JP
                You("chuckle.");
*/
                You("\82­\82·\82­\82·\8fÎ\82Á\82½\81D");
            }
        }
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_DRLI:
        if (!negated && !rn2(3) && !resists_drli(mdef)) {
            int xtmp = d(2, 6);

/*JP
            pline("%s suddenly seems weaker!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\93Ë\91R\8eã\82­\82È\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82É\8c©\82¦\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mhpmax -= xtmp;
            mdef->mhp -= xtmp;
            /* !m_lev: level 0 monster is killed regardless of hit points
               rather than drop to level -1 */
            if (DEADMONSTER(mdef) || !mdef->m_lev) {
/*JP
                pline("%s dies!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\8e\80\82ñ\82¾\81I", Monnam(mdef));
                xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG);
            } else
                mdef->m_lev--;
            tmp = 0;
        }
        break;
    case AD_RUST:
        if (pd == &mons[PM_IRON_GOLEM]) {
/*JP
            pline("%s falls to pieces!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\83o\83\89\83o\83\89\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG);
        }
        erode_armor(mdef, ERODE_RUST);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_CORR:
        erode_armor(mdef, ERODE_CORRODE);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_DCAY:
        if (pd == &mons[PM_WOOD_GOLEM] || pd == &mons[PM_LEATHER_GOLEM]) {
/*JP
            pline("%s falls to pieces!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\83o\83\89\83o\83\89\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG);
        }
        erode_armor(mdef, ERODE_ROT);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_DREN:
        if (!negated && !rn2(4))
            xdrainenergym(mdef, TRUE);
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_DRST:
    case AD_DRDX:
    case AD_DRCO:
        if (!negated && !rn2(8)) {
/*JP
            Your("%s was poisoned!", mpoisons_subj(&youmonst, mattk));
*/
            Your("%s\82Í\93Å\82³\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é\81I", mpoisons_subj(&youmonst, mattk));
            if (resists_poison(mdef)) {
/*JP
                pline_The("poison doesn't seem to affect %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\93Å\82Í%s\82É\89e\8b¿\82ð\97^\82¦\82È\82¢\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
            } else {
                if (!rn2(10)) {
/*JP
                    Your("poison was deadly...");
*/
                    Your("\97^\82¦\82½\93Å\82Í\92v\8e\80\97Ê\82¾\82Á\82½\81D\81D\81D");
                    tmp = mdef->mhp;
                } else
                    tmp += rn1(10, 6);
            }
        }
        break;
    case AD_DRIN: {
        struct obj *helmet;

        if (notonhead || !has_head(pd)) {
/*JP
            pline("%s doesn't seem harmed.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\8f\9d\82Â\82¢\82½\82æ\82¤\82É\82Í\8c©\82¦\82È\82¢\81D", Monnam(mdef));
            tmp = 0;
            if (!Unchanging && pd == &mons[PM_GREEN_SLIME]) {
                if (!Slimed) {
/*JP
                    You("suck in some slime and don't feel very well.");
*/
                    You("\83X\83\89\83C\83\80\82ð\8bz\82¢\8eæ\82Á\82Ä\81C\8bï\8d\87\82ª\88«\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81D");
                    make_slimed(10L, (char *) 0);
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        if (m_slips_free(mdef, mattk))
            break;

        if ((helmet = which_armor(mdef, W_ARMH)) != 0 && rn2(8)) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
            pline("%s %s blocks your attack to %s head.",
                  s_suffix(Monnam(mdef)), helm_simple_name(helmet),
                  mhis(mdef));
#else
            pline("%s\82Ì%s\82ª\93ª\82Ö\82Ì\8dU\8c\82\82ð\96h\82¢\82¾\81D",
                  Monnam(mdef), helm_simple_name(helmet));
#endif
            break;
        }

        (void) eat_brains(&youmonst, mdef, TRUE, &tmp);
        break;
    }
    case AD_STCK:
        if (!negated && !sticks(pd))
            u.ustuck = mdef; /* it's now stuck to you */
        break;
    case AD_WRAP:
        if (!sticks(pd)) {
            if (!u.ustuck && !rn2(10)) {
                if (m_slips_free(mdef, mattk)) {
                    tmp = 0;
                } else {
/*JP
                    You("swing yourself around %s!", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                    You("%s\82É\90g\91Ì\82ð\97\8d\82Ý\82Â\82©\82¹\82½\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
                    u.ustuck = mdef;
                }
            } else if (u.ustuck == mdef) {
                /* Monsters don't wear amulets of magical breathing */
                if (is_pool(u.ux, u.uy) && !is_swimmer(pd)
                    && !amphibious(pd)) {
/*JP
                    You("drown %s...", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                    You("%s\82ð\93M\82ê\82³\82¹\82½\81D\81D\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
                    tmp = mdef->mhp;
                } else if (mattk->aatyp == AT_HUGS)
/*JP
                    pline("%s is being crushed.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                    pline("%s\82Í\89\9f\82µ\82Â\82Ô\82³\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é\81D", Monnam(mdef));
            } else {
                tmp = 0;
                if (flags.verbose)
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    You("brush against %s %s.", s_suffix(mon_nam(mdef)),
                        mbodypart(mdef, LEG));
#else
                    You("%s\82Ì%s\82É\90G\82ê\82½\81D", mon_nam(mdef),
                        mbodypart(mdef, LEG));
#endif
            }
        } else
            tmp = 0;
        break;
    case AD_PLYS:
        if (!negated && mdef->mcanmove && !rn2(3) && tmp < mdef->mhp) {
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline("%s is frozen by you!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\82 \82È\82½\82Ì\82É\82ç\82Ý\82Å\93®\82¯\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            paralyze_monst(mdef, rnd(10));
        }
        break;
    case AD_SLEE:
        if (!negated && !mdef->msleeping && sleep_monst(mdef, rnd(10), -1)) {
            if (!Blind)
/*JP
                pline("%s is put to sleep by you!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\93Ë\91R\96°\82è\82É\82¨\82¿\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            slept_monst(mdef);
        }
        break;
    case AD_SLIM:
        if (negated)
            break; /* physical damage only */
        if (!rn2(4) && !slimeproof(pd)) {
            if (!munslime(mdef, TRUE) && !DEADMONSTER(mdef)) {
                /* this assumes newcham() won't fail; since hero has
                   a slime attack, green slimes haven't been geno'd */
/*JP
                You("turn %s into slime.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\83X\83\89\83C\83\80\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
                if (newcham(mdef, &mons[PM_GREEN_SLIME], FALSE, FALSE))
                    pd = mdef->data;
            }
            /* munslime attempt could have been fatal */
            if (DEADMONSTER(mdef))
                return 2; /* skip death message */
            tmp = 0;
        }
        break;
    case AD_ENCH: /* KMH -- remove enchantment (disenchanter) */
        /* there's no msomearmor() function, so just do damage */
        /* if (negated) break; */
        break;
    case AD_SLOW:
        if (!negated && mdef->mspeed != MSLOW) {
            unsigned int oldspeed = mdef->mspeed;

            mon_adjust_speed(mdef, -1, (struct obj *) 0);
            if (mdef->mspeed != oldspeed && canseemon(mdef))
/*JP
                pline("%s slows down.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\82Ì\82ë\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81D", Monnam(mdef));
        }
        break;
    case AD_CONF:
        if (!mdef->mconf) {
            if (canseemon(mdef))
/*JP
                pline("%s looks confused.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\8d¬\97\90\82µ\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mconf = 1;
        }
        break;
    default:
        tmp = 0;
        break;
    }

    mdef->mstrategy &= ~STRAT_WAITFORU; /* in case player is very fast */
    mdef->mhp -= tmp;
    if (DEADMONSTER(mdef)) {
        if (mdef->mtame && !cansee(mdef->mx, mdef->my)) {
/*JP
            You_feel("embarrassed for a moment.");
*/
            You("\82µ\82Î\82ç\82­\8d¢\98f\82µ\82½\81D");
            if (tmp)
                xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG); /* !tmp but hp<1: already killed */
        } else if (!flags.verbose) {
/*JP
            You("destroy it!");
*/
            You("\93|\82µ\82½\81I");
            if (tmp)
                xkilled(mdef, XKILL_NOMSG);
        } else if (tmp)
            killed(mdef);
        return 2;
    }
    return 1;
}

STATIC_OVL int
explum(mdef, mattk)
register struct monst *mdef;
register struct attack *mattk;
{
    boolean resistance; /* only for cold/fire/elec */
    register int tmp = d((int) mattk->damn, (int) mattk->damd);

/*JP
    You("explode!");
*/
    You("\94\9a\94­\82µ\82½\81I");
    switch (mattk->adtyp) {
    case AD_BLND:
        if (!resists_blnd(mdef)) {
/*JP
            pline("%s is blinded by your flash of light!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\82Ü\82Î\82ä\82¢\8cõ\82Å\96Ú\82ª\82­\82ç\82ñ\82¾\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mblinded = min((int) mdef->mblinded + tmp, 127);
            mdef->mcansee = 0;
        }
        break;
    case AD_HALU:
        if (haseyes(mdef->data) && mdef->mcansee) {
/*JP
            pline("%s is affected by your flash of light!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\82Ü\82Î\82ä\82¢\8cõ\82Å\89e\8b¿\82ð\8eó\82¯\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mconf = 1;
        }
        break;
    case AD_COLD:
        resistance = resists_cold(mdef);
        goto common;
    case AD_FIRE:
        resistance = resists_fire(mdef);
        goto common;
    case AD_ELEC:
        resistance = resists_elec(mdef);
 common:
        if (!resistance) {
/*JP
            pline("%s gets blasted!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
            pline("%s\82Í\94\9a\94­\82ð\97\81\82Ñ\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
            mdef->mhp -= tmp;
            if (DEADMONSTER(mdef)) {
                killed(mdef);
                return 2;
            }
        } else {
            shieldeff(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
            if (is_golem(mdef->data))
                golemeffects(mdef, (int) mattk->adtyp, tmp);
            else
/*JP
                pline_The("blast doesn't seem to affect %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\94\9a\94­\82Í%s\82É\89e\8b¿\82ð\97^\82¦\82È\82©\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
        }
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    return 1;
}

STATIC_OVL void
start_engulf(mdef)
struct monst *mdef;
{
    if (!Invisible) {
        map_location(u.ux, u.uy, TRUE);
        tmp_at(DISP_ALWAYS, mon_to_glyph(&youmonst, rn2_on_display_rng));
        tmp_at(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
    }
/*JP
    You("engulf %s!", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
    You("%s\82ð\88ù\82Ý\8d\9e\82ñ\82¾\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
    delay_output();
    delay_output();
}

STATIC_OVL void
end_engulf()
{
    if (!Invisible) {
        tmp_at(DISP_END, 0);
        newsym(u.ux, u.uy);
    }
}

STATIC_OVL int
gulpum(mdef, mattk)
register struct monst *mdef;
register struct attack *mattk;
{
#ifdef LINT /* static char msgbuf[BUFSZ]; */
    char msgbuf[BUFSZ];
#else
    static char msgbuf[BUFSZ]; /* for nomovemsg */
#endif
    register int tmp;
    register int dam = d((int) mattk->damn, (int) mattk->damd);
    boolean fatal_gulp;
    struct obj *otmp;
    struct permonst *pd = mdef->data;

    /* Not totally the same as for real monsters.  Specifically, these
     * don't take multiple moves.  (It's just too hard, for too little
     * result, to program monsters which attack from inside you, which
     * would be necessary if done accurately.)  Instead, we arbitrarily
     * kill the monster immediately for AD_DGST and we regurgitate them
     * after exactly 1 round of attack otherwise.  -KAA
     */

    if (!engulf_target(&youmonst, mdef))
        return 0;

    if (u.uhunger < 1500 && !u.uswallow) {
        for (otmp = mdef->minvent; otmp; otmp = otmp->nobj)
            (void) snuff_lit(otmp);

        /* force vampire in bat, cloud, or wolf form to revert back to
           vampire form now instead of dealing with that when it dies */
        if (is_vampshifter(mdef)
            && newcham(mdef, &mons[mdef->cham], FALSE, FALSE)) {
/*JP
            You("engulf it, then expel it.");
*/
            You("\88ù\82Ý\8d\9e\82ñ\82Å\81C\93f\82«\8fo\82µ\82½\81D");
            if (canspotmon(mdef))
/*JP
                pline("It turns into %s.", a_monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("\82»\82ê\82Í%s\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81D", a_monnam(mdef));
            else
                map_invisible(mdef->mx, mdef->my);
            return 1;
        }

        /* engulfing a cockatrice or digesting a Rider or Medusa */
        fatal_gulp = (touch_petrifies(pd) && !Stone_resistance)
                     || (mattk->adtyp == AD_DGST
                         && (is_rider(pd) || (pd == &mons[PM_MEDUSA]
                                              && !Stone_resistance)));

        if ((mattk->adtyp == AD_DGST && !Slow_digestion) || fatal_gulp)
            eating_conducts(pd);

        if (fatal_gulp && !is_rider(pd)) { /* petrification */
            char kbuf[BUFSZ];
            const char *mname = pd->mname;

            if (!type_is_pname(pd))
                mname = an(mname);
/*JP
            You("englut %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
            You("%s\82ð\88ù\82Ý\8d\9e\82ñ\82¾\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
/*JP
            Sprintf(kbuf, "swallowing %s whole", mname);
*/
            Sprintf(kbuf, "%s\82ð\88ù\82Ý\8d\9e\82ñ\82Å", mname);
            instapetrify(kbuf);
        } else {
            start_engulf(mdef);
            switch (mattk->adtyp) {
            case AD_DGST:
                /* eating a Rider or its corpse is fatal */
                if (is_rider(pd)) {
/*JP
                    pline("Unfortunately, digesting any of it is fatal.");
*/
                    pline("\8ec\94O\82È\82ª\82ç\81C\82»\82ê\82ð\90H\82×\82é\82Ì\82Í\92v\96½\93I\82È\8aÔ\88á\82¢\82¾\81D");
                    end_engulf();
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    Sprintf(killer.name, "unwisely tried to eat %s",
                            pd->mname);
                    killer.format = NO_KILLER_PREFIX;
#else
                    Sprintf(killer.name, "\8bð\82©\82É\82à%s\82ð\90H\82×\82æ\82¤\82Æ\82µ\82Ä",
                            pd->mname);
                    killer.format = KILLED_BY;
#endif
                    done(DIED);
                    return 0; /* lifesaved */
                }

                if (Slow_digestion) {
                    dam = 0;
                    break;
                }

                /* Use up amulet of life saving */
                if ((otmp = mlifesaver(mdef)) != 0)
                    m_useup(mdef, otmp);

                newuhs(FALSE);
                /* start_engulf() issues "you engulf <mdef>" above; this
                   used to specify XKILL_NOMSG but we need "you kill <mdef>"
                   in case we're also going to get "welcome to level N+1";
                   "you totally digest <mdef>" will be coming soon (after
                   several turns) but the level-gain message seems out of
                   order if the kill message is left implicit */
                xkilled(mdef, XKILL_GIVEMSG | XKILL_NOCORPSE);
                if (!DEADMONSTER(mdef)) { /* monster lifesaved */
/*JP
                    You("hurriedly regurgitate the sizzling in your %s.",
*/
                    You("%s\82Ì\92\86\82Å\83V\83\85\81[\83V\83\85\81[\82Æ\82¢\82¤\89¹\82ð\97§\82Ä\82Ä\82¢\82é\82à\82Ì\82ð\91å\8b}\82¬\82Å\93f\82«\96ß\82µ\82½\81D",
                        body_part(STOMACH));
                } else {
                    tmp = 1 + (pd->cwt >> 8);
                    if (corpse_chance(mdef, &youmonst, TRUE)
                        && !(mvitals[monsndx(pd)].mvflags & G_NOCORPSE)) {
                        /* nutrition only if there can be a corpse */
                        u.uhunger += (pd->cnutrit + 1) / 2;
                    } else
                        tmp = 0;
/*JP
                    Sprintf(msgbuf, "You totally digest %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                    Sprintf(msgbuf, "\82 \82È\82½\82Í%s\82ð\8a®\91S\82É\8fÁ\89»\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
                    if (tmp != 0) {
                        /* setting afternmv = end_engulf is tempting,
                         * but will cause problems if the player is
                         * attacked (which uses his real location) or
                         * if his See_invisible wears off
                         */
/*JP
                        You("digest %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                        You("%s\82ð\8fÁ\89»\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82é\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
                        if (Slow_digestion)
                            tmp *= 2;
                        nomul(-tmp);
/*JP
                        multi_reason = "digesting something";
*/
                        multi_reason = "\8fÁ\89»\92\86\82É";
                        nomovemsg = msgbuf;
                    } else
                        pline1(msgbuf);
                    if (pd == &mons[PM_GREEN_SLIME]) {
/*JP
                        Sprintf(msgbuf, "%s isn't sitting well with you.",
*/
                        Sprintf(msgbuf, "%s\82Í\82 \82È\82½\82Æ\82¤\82Ü\82­\90Ü\82è\8d\87\82¢\82ð\82Â\82¯\82ç\82ê\82È\82¢\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D",
                                The(pd->mname));
                        if (!Unchanging) {
                            make_slimed(5L, (char *) 0);
                        }
                    } else
                        exercise(A_CON, TRUE);
                }
                end_engulf();
                return 2;
            case AD_PHYS:
                if (youmonst.data == &mons[PM_FOG_CLOUD]) {
/*JP
                    pline("%s is laden with your moisture.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                    pline("%s\82Í\82 \82È\82½\82Ì\8e¼\8bC\82É\8bê\82µ\82ß\82ç\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é\81D", Monnam(mdef));
                    if (amphibious(pd) && !flaming(pd)) {
                        dam = 0;
/*JP
                        pline("%s seems unharmed.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\8f\9d\82Â\82¢\82Ä\82¢\82È\82¢\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mdef));
                    }
                } else
/*JP
                    pline("%s is pummeled with your debris!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                    pline("%s\82Í\8a¢âI\82Å\92É\82ß\82Â\82¯\82ç\82ê\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
                break;
            case AD_ACID:
/*JP
                pline("%s is covered with your goo!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\82Ë\82Î\82Â\82­\82à\82Ì\82Å\95¢\82í\82ê\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
                if (resists_acid(mdef)) {
/*JP
                    pline("It seems harmless to %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
                    pline("\82µ\82©\82µ\81C%s\82Í\82È\82ñ\82Æ\82à\82È\82¢\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
                    dam = 0;
                }
                break;
            case AD_BLND:
                if (can_blnd(&youmonst, mdef, mattk->aatyp,
                             (struct obj *) 0)) {
                    if (mdef->mcansee)
/*JP
                        pline("%s can't see in there!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\96Ú\82ª\8c©\82¦\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", mon_nam(mdef));
                    mdef->mcansee = 0;
                    dam += mdef->mblinded;
                    if (dam > 127)
                        dam = 127;
                    mdef->mblinded = dam;
                }
                dam = 0;
                break;
            case AD_ELEC:
                if (rn2(2)) {
/*JP
                    pline_The("air around %s crackles with electricity.",
*/
                    pline("%s\82Ì\89ñ\82è\82Ì\8bó\8bC\82Í\93d\8bC\82Å\83s\83\8a\83s\83\8a\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82é\81D",
                              mon_nam(mdef));
                    if (resists_elec(mdef)) {
/*JP
                        pline("%s seems unhurt.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("\82µ\82©\82µ\81C%s\82Í\95½\8bC\82È\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mdef));
                        dam = 0;
                    }
                    golemeffects(mdef, (int) mattk->adtyp, dam);
                } else
                    dam = 0;
                break;
            case AD_COLD:
                if (rn2(2)) {
                    if (resists_cold(mdef)) {
/*JP
                        pline("%s seems mildly chilly.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\97â\82¦\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mdef));
                        dam = 0;
                    } else
/*JP
                        pline("%s is freezing to death!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\93\80\8e\80\82µ\82»\82¤\82¾\81I", Monnam(mdef));
                    golemeffects(mdef, (int) mattk->adtyp, dam);
                } else
                    dam = 0;
                break;
            case AD_FIRE:
                if (rn2(2)) {
                    if (resists_fire(mdef)) {
/*JP
                        pline("%s seems mildly hot.", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\92g\82©\82­\82È\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mdef));
                        dam = 0;
                    } else
/*JP
                        pline("%s is burning to a crisp!", Monnam(mdef));
*/
                        pline("%s\82Í\94R\82¦\82Ä\83J\83\89\83J\83\89\82É\82È\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mdef));
                    golemeffects(mdef, (int) mattk->adtyp, dam);
                } else
                    dam = 0;
                break;
            case AD_DREN:
                if (!rn2(4))
                    xdrainenergym(mdef, TRUE);
                dam = 0;
                break;
            }
            end_engulf();
            mdef->mhp -= dam;
            if (DEADMONSTER(mdef)) {
                killed(mdef);
                if (DEADMONSTER(mdef)) /* not lifesaved */
                    return 2;
            }
#if 0 /*JP*/
            You("%s %s!", is_animal(youmonst.data) ? "regurgitate" : "expel",
                mon_nam(mdef));
#else
            You("%s\82ð%s\82µ\82½\81I", mon_nam(mdef),
                is_animal(youmonst.data) ? "\93f\82«\96ß" : "\94r\8fo");
#endif
            if (Slow_digestion || is_animal(youmonst.data)) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("Obviously, you didn't like %s taste.",
                      s_suffix(mon_nam(mdef)));
#else
                pline("\82Ç\82¤\82à%s\82Ì\96¡\82Í\8dD\82«\82É\82È\82ê\82È\82¢\81D",
                      mon_nam(mdef));
#endif
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

void
missum(mdef, mattk, wouldhavehit)
register struct monst *mdef;
register struct attack *mattk;
boolean wouldhavehit;
{
    if (wouldhavehit) /* monk is missing due to penalty for wearing suit */
/*JP
        Your("armor is rather cumbersome...");
*/
        Your("\96h\8bï\82Í\8f­\82µ\8e×\96\82\82¾\81D\81D\81D");

    if (could_seduce(&youmonst, mdef, mattk))
/*JP
        You("pretend to be friendly to %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
        You("%s\82É\97F\8dD\93I\82È\82Ó\82è\82ð\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
    else if (canspotmon(mdef) && flags.verbose)
/*JP
        You("miss %s.", mon_nam(mdef));
*/
        Your("%s\82Ö\82Ì\8dU\8c\82\82Í\8aO\82ê\82½\81D", mon_nam(mdef));
    else
/*JP
        You("miss it.");
*/
        Your("\89½\8eÒ\82©\82Ö\82Ì\8dU\8c\82\82Í\8aO\82ê\82½\81D");
    if (!mdef->msleeping && mdef->mcanmove)
        wakeup(mdef, TRUE);
}

/* attack monster as a monster; returns True if mon survives */
STATIC_OVL boolean
hmonas(mon)
register struct monst *mon;
{
    struct attack *mattk, alt_attk;
    struct obj *weapon, **originalweapon;
    boolean altwep = FALSE, weapon_used = FALSE, odd_claw = TRUE;
    int i, tmp, armorpenalty, sum[NATTK], nsum = 0, dhit = 0, attknum = 0;
    int dieroll, multi_claw = 0;

    /* with just one touch/claw/weapon attack, both rings matter;
       with more than one, alternate right and left when checking
       whether silver ring causes successful hit */
    for (i = 0; i < NATTK; i++) {
        sum[i] = 0;
        mattk = getmattk(&youmonst, mon, i, sum, &alt_attk);
        if (mattk->aatyp == AT_WEAP
            || mattk->aatyp == AT_CLAW || mattk->aatyp == AT_TUCH)
            ++multi_claw;
    }
    multi_claw = (multi_claw > 1); /* switch from count to yes/no */

    for (i = 0; i < NATTK; i++) {
        /* sum[i] = 0; -- now done above */
        mattk = getmattk(&youmonst, mon, i, sum, &alt_attk);
        weapon = 0;
        switch (mattk->aatyp) {
        case AT_WEAP:
            /* if (!uwep) goto weaponless; */
 use_weapon:
            odd_claw = !odd_claw; /* see case AT_CLAW,AT_TUCH below */
            /* if we've already hit with a two-handed weapon, we don't
               get to make another weapon attack (note:  monsters who
               use weapons do not have this restriction, but they also
               never have the opportunity to use two weapons) */
            if (weapon_used && sum[i - 1] && uwep && bimanual(uwep))
                continue;
            /* Certain monsters don't use weapons when encountered as enemies,
             * but players who polymorph into them have hands or claws and
             * thus should be able to use weapons.  This shouldn't prohibit
             * the use of most special abilities, either.
             * If monster has multiple claw attacks, only one can use weapon.
             */
            weapon_used = TRUE;
            /* Potential problem: if the monster gets multiple weapon attacks,
             * we currently allow the player to get each of these as a weapon
             * attack.  Is this really desirable?
             */
            /* approximate two-weapon mode; known_hitum() -> hmon() -> &c
               might destroy the weapon argument, but it might also already
               be Null, and we want to track that for passive() */
            originalweapon = (altwep && uswapwep) ? &uswapwep : &uwep;
            if (uswapwep /* set up 'altwep' flag for next iteration */
                /* only consider seconary when wielding one-handed primary */
                && uwep && (uwep->oclass == WEAPON_CLASS || is_weptool(uwep))
                && !bimanual(uwep)
                /* only switch if not wearing shield and not at artifact;
                   shield limitation is iffy since still get extra swings
                   if polyform has them, but it matches twoweap behavior;
                   twoweap also only allows primary to be an artifact, so
                   if alternate weapon is one, don't use it */
                && !uarms && !uswapwep->oartifact
                /* only switch to uswapwep if it's a weapon */
                && (uswapwep->oclass == WEAPON_CLASS || is_weptool(uswapwep))
                /* only switch if uswapwep is not bow, arrows, or darts */
                && !(is_launcher(uswapwep) || is_ammo(uswapwep)
                     || is_missile(uswapwep)) /* dart, shuriken, boomerang */
                /* and not two-handed and not incapable of being wielded */
                && !bimanual(uswapwep)
                && !(objects[uswapwep->otyp].oc_material == SILVER
                     && Hate_silver))
                altwep = !altwep; /* toggle for next attack */
            weapon = *originalweapon;
            if (!weapon) /* no need to go beyond no-gloves to rings; not ...*/
                originalweapon = &uarmg; /*... subject to erosion damage */

            tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mon, AT_WEAP, weapon, &attknum,
                                   &armorpenalty);
            dieroll = rnd(20);
            dhit = (tmp > dieroll || u.uswallow);
            /* caller must set bhitpos */
            if (!known_hitum(mon, weapon, &dhit, tmp,
                             armorpenalty, mattk, dieroll)) {
                /* enemy dead, before any special abilities used */
                sum[i] = 2;
                break;
            } else
                sum[i] = dhit;
            /* originalweapon points to an equipment slot which might
               now be empty if the weapon was destroyed during the hit;
               passive(,weapon,...) won't call passive_obj() in that case */
            weapon = *originalweapon; /* might receive passive erosion */
            /* might be a worm that gets cut in half; if so, early return */
            if (m_at(u.ux + u.dx, u.uy + u.dy) != mon) {
                i = NATTK; /* skip additional attacks */
                /* proceed with uswapwep->cursed check, then exit loop */
                goto passivedone;
            }
            /* Do not print "You hit" message; known_hitum already did it. */
            if (dhit && mattk->adtyp != AD_SPEL && mattk->adtyp != AD_PHYS)
                sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, 0);
            break;
        case AT_CLAW:
            if (uwep && !cantwield(youmonst.data) && !weapon_used)
                goto use_weapon;
            /*FALLTHRU*/
        case AT_TUCH:
            if (uwep && youmonst.data->mlet == S_LICH && !weapon_used)
                goto use_weapon;
            /*FALLTHRU*/
        case AT_KICK:
        case AT_BITE:
        case AT_STNG:
        case AT_BUTT:
        case AT_TENT:
        /*weaponless:*/
            tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mon, mattk->aatyp, (struct obj *) 0,
                                   &attknum, &armorpenalty);
            dieroll = rnd(20);
            dhit = (tmp > dieroll || u.uswallow);
            if (dhit) {
                int compat, specialdmg;
                long silverhit = 0L;
#if 0 /*JP*//* \82·\82×\82Ä\81u\8dU\8c\82\82µ\82½\81v\82É\82·\82é */
                const char *verb = 0; /* verb or body part */
#endif

                if (!u.uswallow
                    && (compat = could_seduce(&youmonst, mon, mattk)) != 0) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    You("%s %s %s.",
                        (mon->mcansee && haseyes(mon->data)) ? "smile at"
                                                             : "talk to",
                        mon_nam(mon),
                        (compat == 2) ? "engagingly" : "seductively");
#else
                    You("%s\82Ö%s%s\81D",
                        mon_nam(mon),
                        compat == 2 ? "\96£\97Í\93I\82É" : "\97U\98f\93I\82É",
                        mon->mcansee && haseyes(mon->data) ? "\94÷\8fÎ\82Ý\82©\82¯\82½"
                                                           : "\98b\82µ\82©\82¯\82½");
#endif
                    /* doesn't anger it; no wakeup() */
                    sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, 0);
                    break;
                }
                wakeup(mon, TRUE);

                specialdmg = 0; /* blessed and/or silver bonus */
                switch (mattk->aatyp) {
                case AT_CLAW:
                case AT_TUCH:
                    /* verb=="claws" may be overridden below */
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = (mattk->aatyp == AT_TUCH) ? "touch" : "claws";
#endif
                    /* decide if silver-hater will be hit by silver ring(s);
                       for 'multi_claw' where attacks alternate right/left,
                       assume 'even' claw or touch attacks use right hand
                       or paw, 'odd' ones use left for ring interaction;
                       even vs odd is based on actual attacks rather
                       than on index into mon->dat->mattk[] so that {bite,
                       claw,claw} instead of {claw,claw,bite} doesn't
                       make poly'd hero mysteriously become left-handed */
                    odd_claw = !odd_claw;
                    specialdmg = special_dmgval(&youmonst, mon,
                                                W_ARMG
                                                | ((odd_claw || !multi_claw)
                                                   ? W_RINGL : 0L)
                                                | ((!odd_claw || !multi_claw)
                                                   ? W_RINGR : 0L),
                                                &silverhit);
                    break;
                case AT_TENT:
                    /* assumes mind flayer's tentacles-on-head rather
                       than sea monster's tentacle-as-arm */
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "tentacles";
#endif
                    break;
                case AT_KICK:
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "kick";
#endif
                    specialdmg = special_dmgval(&youmonst, mon, W_ARMF,
                                                &silverhit);
                    break;
                case AT_BUTT:
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "head butt"; /* mbodypart(mon,HEAD)=="head" */
                    /* hypothetical; if any form with a head-butt attack
                       could wear a helmet, it would hit shades when
                       wearing a blessed (or silver) one */
#endif
                    specialdmg = special_dmgval(&youmonst, mon, W_ARMH,
                                                &silverhit);
                    break;
                case AT_BITE:
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "bite";
#endif
                    break;
                case AT_STNG:
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "sting";
#endif
                    break;
                default:
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    verb = "hit";
#endif
                    break;
                }
                if (mon->data == &mons[PM_SHADE] && !specialdmg) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    if (!strcmp(verb, "hit")
                        || (mattk->aatyp == AT_CLAW && humanoid(mon->data)))
                        verb = "attack";
#endif
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    Your("%s %s harmlessly through %s.",
                         verb, vtense(verb, "pass"), mon_nam(mon));
#else
                    Your("\8dU\8c\82\82Í%s\82ð\92Ê\82è\82Ê\82¯\82½\81D",
                         mon_nam(mon));
#endif
                } else {
                    if (mattk->aatyp == AT_TENT) {
/*JP
                    Your("tentacles suck %s.", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                    Your("\90G\8eè\82ª%s\82Ì\91Ì\89t\82ð\8bz\82¢\82Æ\82Á\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon));
                    } else {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        if (mattk->aatyp == AT_CLAW)
                            verb = "hit"; /* not "claws" */
#endif
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        You("%s %s.", verb, mon_nam(mon));
#else
                        You("%s\82ð\8dU\8c\82\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon));
#endif
                        if (silverhit && flags.verbose)
                            silver_sears(&youmonst, mon, silverhit);
                    }
                    sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, specialdmg);
                }
            } else { /* !dhit */
                missum(mon, mattk, (tmp + armorpenalty > dieroll));
            }
            break;

        case AT_HUGS: {
            int specialdmg;
            long silverhit = 0L;
            boolean byhand = hug_throttles(&mons[u.umonnum]), /* rope golem */
                    unconcerned = (byhand && !can_be_strangled(mon));

            if (sticks(mon->data) || u.uswallow || notonhead
                || (byhand && (uwep || !has_head(mon->data)))) {
                /* can't hold a holder due to subsequent ambiguity over
                   who is holding whom; can't hug engulfer from inside;
                   can't hug a worm tail (would immobilize entire worm!);
                   byhand: can't choke something that lacks a head;
                   not allowed to make a choking hug if wielding a weapon
                   (but might have grabbed w/o weapon, then wielded one,
                   and may even be attacking a different monster now) */
                if (byhand && uwep && u.ustuck
                    && !(sticks(u.ustuck->data) || u.uswallow))
                    uunstick();
                continue; /* not 'break'; bypass passive counter-attack */
            }
            /* automatic if prev two attacks succeed, or if
               already grabbed in a previous attack */
            dhit = 1;
            wakeup(mon, TRUE);
            /* choking hug/throttling grab uses hands (gloves or rings);
               normal hug uses outermost of cloak/suit/shirt */
            specialdmg = special_dmgval(&youmonst, mon,
                                        byhand ? (W_ARMG | W_RINGL | W_RINGR)
                                               : (W_ARMC | W_ARM | W_ARMU),
                                        &silverhit);
            if (unconcerned) {
                /* strangling something which can't be strangled */
                if (mattk != &alt_attk) {
                    alt_attk = *mattk;
                    mattk = &alt_attk;
                }
                /* change damage to 1d1; not strangling but still
                   doing [minimal] physical damage to victim's body */
                mattk->damn = mattk->damd = 1;
                /* don't give 'unconcerned' feedback if there is extra damage
                   or if it is nearly destroyed or if creature doesn't have
                   the mental ability to be concerned in the first place */
                if (specialdmg || mindless(mon->data)
                    || mon->mhp <= 1 + max(u.udaminc, 1))
                    unconcerned = FALSE;
            }
            if (mon->data == &mons[PM_SHADE]) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                const char *verb = byhand ? "grasp" : "hug";
#endif

                /* hugging a shade; successful if blessed outermost armor
                   for normal hug, or blessed gloves or silver ring(s) for
                   choking hug; deals damage but never grabs hold */
                if (specialdmg) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    You("%s %s%s", verb, mon_nam(mon), exclam(specialdmg));
#else
                    You("%s\82ð\82Â\82©\82ñ\82¾%s", mon_nam(mon), exclam(specialdmg));
#endif
                    if (silverhit && flags.verbose)
                        silver_sears(&youmonst, mon, silverhit);
                    sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, specialdmg);
                } else {
#if 0 /*JP:T*/
                    Your("%s passes harmlessly through %s.",
                         verb, mon_nam(mon));
#else
                    You("%s\82ð\82Â\82©\82Ü\82¦\82æ\82¤\82Æ\82µ\82½\82ª\92Ê\82è\82Ê\82¯\82½\81D",
                        mon_nam(mon));
#endif
                }
                break;
            }
            /* hug attack against ordinary foe */
            if (mon == u.ustuck) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                pline("%s is being %s%s.", Monnam(mon),
                      byhand ? "throttled" : "crushed",
                      /* extra feedback for non-breather being choked */
                      unconcerned ? " but doesn't seem concerned" : "");
#else
                pline("%s\82Í%s%s\81D", Monnam(mon),
                      byhand ? "\8eñ\82ð\8di\82ß\82ç\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é" : "\89\9f\82µ\82Â\82Ô\82³\82ê\82Ä\82¢\82é",
                      /* extra feedback for non-breather being choked */
                      unconcerned ? "\82ª\81C\8bC\82É\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82È\82¢\82æ\82¤\82¾" : "");
#endif
                if (silverhit && flags.verbose)
                    silver_sears(&youmonst, mon, silverhit);
                sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, specialdmg);
            } else if (i >= 2 && sum[i - 1] && sum[i - 2]) {
                /* in case we're hugging a new target while already
                   holding something else; yields feedback
                   "<u.ustuck> is no longer in your clutches" */
                if (u.ustuck && u.ustuck != mon)
                    uunstick();
/*JP
                    You("grab %s!", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                    You("%s\82ð\82Â\82©\82Ü\82¦\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon));
                u.ustuck = mon;
                if (silverhit && flags.verbose)
                    silver_sears(&youmonst, mon, silverhit);
                sum[i] = damageum(mon, mattk, specialdmg);
            }
            break; /* AT_HUGS */
        }

        case AT_EXPL: /* automatic hit if next to */
            dhit = -1;
            wakeup(mon, TRUE);
            sum[i] = explum(mon, mattk);
            break;

        case AT_ENGL:
            tmp = find_roll_to_hit(mon, mattk->aatyp, (struct obj *) 0,
                                   &attknum, &armorpenalty);
            if ((dhit = (tmp > rnd(20 + i)))) {
                wakeup(mon, TRUE);
                if (mon->data == &mons[PM_SHADE])
/*JP
                    Your("attempt to surround %s is harmless.", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                    You("%s\82ð\88ù\82Ý\82±\82à\82¤\82Æ\82µ\82½\82ª\8e¸\94s\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mon));
                else {
                    sum[i] = gulpum(mon, mattk);
                    if (sum[i] == 2 && (mon->data->mlet == S_ZOMBIE
                                        || mon->data->mlet == S_MUMMY)
                        && rn2(5) && !Sick_resistance) {
/*JP
                        You_feel("%ssick.", (Sick) ? "very " : "");
*/
                        You_feel("%s\8bC\95ª\82ª\88«\82¢\81D", (Sick) ? "\82Æ\82Ä\82à" : "");
                        mdamageu(mon, rnd(8));
                    }
                }
            } else {
                missum(mon, mattk, FALSE);
            }
            break;

        case AT_MAGC:
            /* No check for uwep; if wielding nothing we want to
             * do the normal 1-2 points bare hand damage...
             */
            if ((youmonst.data->mlet == S_KOBOLD
                 || youmonst.data->mlet == S_ORC
                 || youmonst.data->mlet == S_GNOME) && !weapon_used)
                goto use_weapon;
            /*FALLTHRU*/

        case AT_NONE:
        case AT_BOOM:
            continue;
        /* Not break--avoid passive attacks from enemy */

        case AT_BREA:
        case AT_SPIT:
        case AT_GAZE: /* all done using #monster command */
            dhit = 0;
            break;

        default: /* Strange... */
            impossible("strange attack of yours (%d)", mattk->aatyp);
        }
        if (dhit == -1) {
            u.mh = -1; /* dead in the current form */
            rehumanize();
        }
        if (sum[i] == 2) {
            /* defender dead */
            (void) passive(mon, weapon, 1, 0, mattk->aatyp, FALSE);
            nsum = 0; /* return value below used to be 'nsum > 0' */
        } else {
            (void) passive(mon, weapon, sum[i], 1, mattk->aatyp, FALSE);
            nsum |= sum[i];
        }

        /* don't use sum[i] beyond this point;
           'i' will be out of bounds if we get here via 'goto' */
 passivedone:
        /* when using dual weapons, cursed secondary weapon doesn't weld,
           it gets dropped; do the same when multiple AT_WEAP attacks
           simulate twoweap */
        if (uswapwep && weapon == uswapwep && weapon->cursed) {
            drop_uswapwep();
            break; /* don't proceed with additional attacks */
        }
        /* stop attacking if defender has died;
           needed to defer this until after uswapwep->cursed check */
        if (DEADMONSTER(mon))
            break;
        if (!Upolyd)
            break; /* No extra attacks if no longer a monster */
        if (multi < 0)
            break; /* If paralyzed while attacking, i.e. floating eye */
    }
    /* return value isn't used, but make it match hitum()'s */
    return !DEADMONSTER(mon);
}

/*      Special (passive) attacks on you by monsters done here.
 */
int
passive(mon, weapon, mhit, malive, aatyp, wep_was_destroyed)
struct monst *mon;
struct obj *weapon; /* uwep or uswapwep or uarmg or uarmf or Null */
boolean mhit;
int malive;
uchar aatyp;
boolean wep_was_destroyed;
{
    register struct permonst *ptr = mon->data;
    register int i, tmp;

    for (i = 0;; i++) {
        if (i >= NATTK)
            return (malive | mhit); /* no passive attacks */
        if (ptr->mattk[i].aatyp == AT_NONE)
            break; /* try this one */
    }
    /* Note: tmp not always used */
    if (ptr->mattk[i].damn)
        tmp = d((int) ptr->mattk[i].damn, (int) ptr->mattk[i].damd);
    else if (ptr->mattk[i].damd)
        tmp = d((int) mon->m_lev + 1, (int) ptr->mattk[i].damd);
    else
        tmp = 0;

    /*  These affect you even if they just died.
     */
    switch (ptr->mattk[i].adtyp) {
    case AD_FIRE:
        if (mhit && !mon->mcan && weapon) {
            if (aatyp == AT_KICK) {
                if (uarmf && !rn2(6))
                    (void) erode_obj(uarmf, xname(uarmf), ERODE_BURN,
                                     EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            } else if (aatyp == AT_WEAP || aatyp == AT_CLAW
                       || aatyp == AT_MAGC || aatyp == AT_TUCH)
                passive_obj(mon, weapon, &(ptr->mattk[i]));
        }
        break;
    case AD_ACID:
        if (mhit && rn2(2)) {
            if (Blind || !flags.verbose)
/*JP
                You("are splashed!");
*/
                You("\89½\82©\82ð\97\81\82Ñ\82¹\82ç\82ê\82½\81I");
            else
#if 0 /*JP:T*/
                You("are splashed by %s %s!", s_suffix(mon_nam(mon)),
                    hliquid("acid"));
#else
                You("%s\82Ì%s\82ð\97\81\82Ñ\82¹\82ç\82ê\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon),
                    hliquid("\8e_"));
#endif

            if (!Acid_resistance)
                mdamageu(mon, tmp);
            if (!rn2(30))
                erode_armor(&youmonst, ERODE_CORRODE);
        }
        if (mhit && weapon) {
            if (aatyp == AT_KICK) {
                if (uarmf && !rn2(6))
                    (void) erode_obj(uarmf, xname(uarmf), ERODE_CORRODE,
                                     EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            } else if (aatyp == AT_WEAP || aatyp == AT_CLAW
                       || aatyp == AT_MAGC || aatyp == AT_TUCH)
                passive_obj(mon, weapon, &(ptr->mattk[i]));
        }
        exercise(A_STR, FALSE);
        break;
    case AD_STON:
        if (mhit) { /* successful attack */
            long protector = attk_protection((int) aatyp);

            /* hero using monsters' AT_MAGC attack is hitting hand to
               hand rather than casting a spell */
            if (aatyp == AT_MAGC)
                protector = W_ARMG;

            if (protector == 0L /* no protection */
                || (protector == W_ARMG && !uarmg
                    && !uwep && !wep_was_destroyed)
                || (protector == W_ARMF && !uarmf)
                || (protector == W_ARMH && !uarmh)
                || (protector == (W_ARMC | W_ARMG) && (!uarmc || !uarmg))) {
                if (!Stone_resistance
                    && !(poly_when_stoned(youmonst.data)
                         && polymon(PM_STONE_GOLEM))) {
                    done_in_by(mon, STONING); /* "You turn to stone..." */
                    return 2;
                }
            }
        }
        break;
    case AD_RUST:
        if (mhit && !mon->mcan && weapon) {
            if (aatyp == AT_KICK) {
                if (uarmf)
                    (void) erode_obj(uarmf, xname(uarmf), ERODE_RUST,
                                     EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            } else if (aatyp == AT_WEAP || aatyp == AT_CLAW
                       || aatyp == AT_MAGC || aatyp == AT_TUCH)
                passive_obj(mon, weapon, &(ptr->mattk[i]));
        }
        break;
    case AD_CORR:
        if (mhit && !mon->mcan && weapon) {
            if (aatyp == AT_KICK) {
                if (uarmf)
                    (void) erode_obj(uarmf, xname(uarmf), ERODE_CORRODE,
                                     EF_GREASE | EF_VERBOSE);
            } else if (aatyp == AT_WEAP || aatyp == AT_CLAW
                       || aatyp == AT_MAGC || aatyp == AT_TUCH)
                passive_obj(mon, weapon, &(ptr->mattk[i]));
        }
        break;
    case AD_MAGM:
        /* wrath of gods for attacking Oracle */
        if (Antimagic) {
            shieldeff(u.ux, u.uy);
/*JP
            pline("A hail of magic missiles narrowly misses you!");
*/
            pline("\96\82\96@\82Ì\96î\82Ì\89J\82ª\82©\82·\82ß\82Ä\82¢\82Á\82½\81I");
        } else {
/*JP
            You("are hit by magic missiles appearing from thin air!");
*/
            pline("\93Ë\94@\8bó\92\86\82É\8c»\82í\82ê\82½\96\82\96@\82Ì\96î\82ª\96½\92\86\82µ\82½\81I");
            mdamageu(mon, tmp);
        }
        break;
    case AD_ENCH: /* KMH -- remove enchantment (disenchanter) */
        if (mhit) {
            if (aatyp == AT_KICK) {
                if (!weapon)
                    break;
            } else if (aatyp == AT_BITE || aatyp == AT_BUTT
                       || (aatyp >= AT_STNG && aatyp < AT_WEAP)) {
                break; /* no object involved */
            }
            passive_obj(mon, weapon, &(ptr->mattk[i]));
        }
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    /*  These only affect you if they still live.
     */
    if (malive && !mon->mcan && rn2(3)) {
        switch (ptr->mattk[i].adtyp) {
        case AD_PLYS:
            if (ptr == &mons[PM_FLOATING_EYE]) {
                if (!canseemon(mon)) {
                    break;
                }
                if (mon->mcansee) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    if (ureflects("%s gaze is reflected by your %s.",
                                  s_suffix(Monnam(mon)))) {
#else
                    if (ureflects("%s\82Ì\82É\82ç\82Ý\82Í%s\82É\82æ\82Á\82Ä\94½\8eË\82³\82ê\82½\81D",
                                  Monnam(mon))) {
#endif
                        ;
                    } else if (Free_action) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        You("momentarily stiffen under %s gaze!",
                            s_suffix(mon_nam(mon)));
#else
                        You("%s\82Ì\82É\82ç\82Ý\82Å\88ê\8fu\8dd\92¼\82µ\82½\81I",
                            mon_nam(mon));
#endif
                    } else if (Hallucination && rn2(4)) {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                        pline("%s looks %s%s.", Monnam(mon),
                              !rn2(2) ? "" : "rather ",
                              !rn2(2) ? "numb" : "stupified");
#else
                        pline("%s\82Í%s\82Î\82©\82É\82È\82Á\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", Monnam(mon),
                              !rn2(2) ? "" : "\8f­\82µ");
#endif
                    } else {
/*JP
                        You("are frozen by %s gaze!", s_suffix(mon_nam(mon)));
*/
                        You("%s\82Ì\82É\82ç\82Ý\82Å\93®\82¯\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon));
                        nomul((ACURR(A_WIS) > 12 || rn2(4)) ? -tmp : -127);
/*JP
                        multi_reason = "frozen by a monster's gaze";
*/
                        multi_reason = "\89ö\95¨\82Ì\82É\82ç\82Ý\82Å\8dd\92¼\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82é\8e\9e\82É";
                        nomovemsg = 0;
                    }
                } else {
#if 0 /*JP*/
                    pline("%s cannot defend itself.",
                          Adjmonnam(mon, "blind"));
#else
                    pline("%s\82Í\96h\8cä\82Å\82«\82È\82¢\81D",
                          Adjmonnam(mon,"\96Ú\82Ì\8c©\82¦\82È\82¢"));
#endif
                    if (!rn2(500))
                        change_luck(-1);
                }
            } else if (Free_action) {
/*JP
                You("momentarily stiffen.");
*/
                You("\88ê\8fu\8dd\92¼\82µ\82½\81D");
            } else { /* gelatinous cube */
/*JP
                You("are frozen by %s!", mon_nam(mon));
*/
                You("%s\82É\82æ\82Á\82Ä\93®\82¯\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", mon_nam(mon));
                nomovemsg = You_can_move_again;
                nomul(-tmp);
/*JP
                multi_reason = "frozen by a monster";
*/
                multi_reason = "\89ö\95¨\82É\82æ\82Á\82Ä\8dd\92¼\82µ\82Ä\82¢\82é\8e\9e\82É";
                exercise(A_DEX, FALSE);
            }
            break;
        case AD_COLD: /* brown mold or blue jelly */
            if (monnear(mon, u.ux, u.uy)) {
                if (Cold_resistance) {
                    shieldeff(u.ux, u.uy);
/*JP
                    You_feel("a mild chill.");
*/
                    You("\8a¦\82³\82ð\8a´\82¶\82½\81D");
                    ugolemeffects(AD_COLD, tmp);
                    break;
                }
/*JP
                You("are suddenly very cold!");
*/
                You("\93Ë\91R\81C\96Ò\97ó\82É\8a¦\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I");
                mdamageu(mon, tmp);
                /* monster gets stronger with your heat! */
                mon->mhp += tmp / 2;
                if (mon->mhpmax < mon->mhp)
                    mon->mhpmax = mon->mhp;
                /* at a certain point, the monster will reproduce! */
                if (mon->mhpmax > ((int) (mon->m_lev + 1) * 8))
                    (void) split_mon(mon, &youmonst);
            }
            break;
        case AD_STUN: /* specifically yellow mold */
            if (!Stunned)
                make_stunned((long) tmp, TRUE);
            break;
        case AD_FIRE:
            if (monnear(mon, u.ux, u.uy)) {
                if (Fire_resistance) {
                    shieldeff(u.ux, u.uy);
/*JP
                    You_feel("mildly warm.");
*/
                    You("\92g\82©\82³\82ð\8a´\82¶\82½\81D");
                    ugolemeffects(AD_FIRE, tmp);
                    break;
                }
/*JP
                You("are suddenly very hot!");
*/
                You("\93Ë\91R\81C\96Ò\97ó\82É\94M\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I");
                mdamageu(mon, tmp); /* fire damage */
            }
            break;
        case AD_ELEC:
            if (Shock_resistance) {
                shieldeff(u.ux, u.uy);
/*JP
                You_feel("a mild tingle.");
*/
                You("\83s\83\8a\83s\83\8a\82Æá\83\82ê\82ð\8a´\82¶\82½\81D");
                ugolemeffects(AD_ELEC, tmp);
                break;
            }
/*JP
            You("are jolted with electricity!");
*/
            You("\93d\8bC\83V\83\87\83b\83N\82ð\82¤\82¯\82½\81I");
            mdamageu(mon, tmp);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    return (malive | mhit);
}

/*
 * Special (passive) attacks on an attacking object by monsters done here.
 * Assumes the attack was successful.
 */
void
passive_obj(mon, obj, mattk)
struct monst *mon;
struct obj *obj;          /* null means pick uwep, uswapwep or uarmg */
struct attack *mattk;     /* null means we find one internally */
{
    struct permonst *ptr = mon->data;
    int i;

    /* [this first bit is obsolete; we're not called with Null anymore] */
    /* if caller hasn't specified an object, use uwep, uswapwep or uarmg */
    if (!obj) {
        obj = (u.twoweap && uswapwep && !rn2(2)) ? uswapwep : uwep;
        if (!obj && mattk->adtyp == AD_ENCH)
            obj = uarmg; /* no weapon? then must be gloves */
        if (!obj)
            return; /* no object to affect */
    }

    /* if caller hasn't specified an attack, find one */
    if (!mattk) {
        for (i = 0;; i++) {
            if (i >= NATTK)
                return; /* no passive attacks */
            if (ptr->mattk[i].aatyp == AT_NONE)
                break; /* try this one */
        }
        mattk = &(ptr->mattk[i]);
    }

    switch (mattk->adtyp) {
    case AD_FIRE:
        if (!rn2(6) && !mon->mcan
            /* steam vortex: fire resist applies, fire damage doesn't */
            && mon->data != &mons[PM_STEAM_VORTEX]) {
            (void) erode_obj(obj, NULL, ERODE_BURN, EF_NONE);
        }
        break;
    case AD_ACID:
        if (!rn2(6)) {
            (void) erode_obj(obj, NULL, ERODE_CORRODE, EF_GREASE);
        }
        break;
    case AD_RUST:
        if (!mon->mcan) {
            (void) erode_obj(obj, (char *) 0, ERODE_RUST, EF_GREASE);
        }
        break;
    case AD_CORR:
        if (!mon->mcan) {
            (void) erode_obj(obj, (char *) 0, ERODE_CORRODE, EF_GREASE);
        }
        break;
    case AD_ENCH:
        if (!mon->mcan) {
            if (drain_item(obj, TRUE) && carried(obj)
                && (obj->known || obj->oclass == ARMOR_CLASS)) {
/*JP
                pline("%s less effective.", Yobjnam2(obj, "seem"));
*/
                Your("%s\82©\82ç\96\82\97Í\82ª\8fÁ\82¦\82½\82æ\82¤\82¾\81D", xname(obj));
            }
            break;
        }
    default:
        break;
    }

    if (carried(obj))
        update_inventory();
}

/* Note: caller must ascertain mtmp is mimicking... */
void
stumble_onto_mimic(mtmp)
struct monst *mtmp;
{
/*JP
    const char *fmt = "Wait!  That's %s!", *generic = "a monster", *what = 0;
*/
    const char *fmt = "\82¿\82å\82Á\82Æ\82Ü\82Á\82½\81I%s\82¾\81I", *generic = "\89ö\95¨", *what = 0;

    if (!u.ustuck && !mtmp->mflee && dmgtype(mtmp->data, AD_STCK))
        u.ustuck = mtmp;

    if (Blind) {
        if (!Blind_telepat)
            what = generic; /* with default fmt */
        else if (M_AP_TYPE(mtmp) == M_AP_MONSTER)
            what = a_monnam(mtmp); /* differs from what was sensed */
    } else {
        int glyph = levl[u.ux + u.dx][u.uy + u.dy].glyph;

        if (glyph_is_cmap(glyph) && (glyph_to_cmap(glyph) == S_hcdoor
                                     || glyph_to_cmap(glyph) == S_vcdoor))
/*JP
            fmt = "The door actually was %s!";
*/
            fmt = "\94à\82Í\8eÀ\8dÛ\82É\82Í%s\82¾\82Á\82½\81I";
        else if (glyph_is_object(glyph) && glyph_to_obj(glyph) == GOLD_PIECE)
/*JP
            fmt = "That gold was %s!";
*/
            fmt = "\8bà\89Ý\82Í%s\82¾\82Á\82½\81I";

        /* cloned Wiz starts out mimicking some other monster and
           might make himself invisible before being revealed */
        if (mtmp->minvis && !See_invisible)
            what = generic;
        else
            what = a_monnam(mtmp);
    }
    if (what)
        pline(fmt, what);

    wakeup(mtmp, FALSE); /* clears mimicking */
    /* if hero is blind, wakeup() won't display the monster even though
       it's no longer concealed */
    if (!canspotmon(mtmp)
        && !glyph_is_invisible(levl[mtmp->mx][mtmp->my].glyph))
        map_invisible(mtmp->mx, mtmp->my);
}

STATIC_OVL void
nohandglow(mon)
struct monst *mon;
{
    char *hands = makeplural(body_part(HAND));

    if (!u.umconf || mon->mconf)
        return;
    if (u.umconf == 1) {
        if (Blind)
/*JP
            Your("%s stop tingling.", hands);
*/
            Your("%s\82Ìá\83\82ê\82ª\82Æ\82ê\82½\81D", hands);
        else
/*JP
            Your("%s stop glowing %s.", hands, hcolor(NH_RED));
*/
            Your("%s\82Ì%s\8bP\82«\82Í\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81D", hands, hcolor(NH_RED));
    } else {
        if (Blind)
/*JP
            pline_The("tingling in your %s lessens.", hands);
*/
            pline("%s\82Ìá\83\82ê\82ª\82Æ\82ê\82Ä\82«\82½\81D",hands);
        else
/*JP
            Your("%s no longer glow so brightly %s.", hands, hcolor(NH_RED));
*/
            Your("%s\82Ì%s\8bP\82«\82ª\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82Ä\82«\82½\81D",hands, hcolor(NH_RED));
    }
    u.umconf--;
}

int
flash_hits_mon(mtmp, otmp)
struct monst *mtmp;
struct obj *otmp; /* source of flash */
{
    int tmp, amt, res = 0, useeit = canseemon(mtmp);

    if (mtmp->msleeping) {
        mtmp->msleeping = 0;
        if (useeit) {
/*JP
            pline_The("flash awakens %s.", mon_nam(mtmp));
*/
            pline("\91M\8cõ\82Å%s\82ª\96Ú\82ð\8ao\82Ü\82µ\82½\81D", mon_nam(mtmp));
            res = 1;
        }
    } else if (mtmp->data->mlet != S_LIGHT) {
        if (!resists_blnd(mtmp)) {
            tmp = dist2(otmp->ox, otmp->oy, mtmp->mx, mtmp->my);
            if (useeit) {
/*JP
                pline("%s is blinded by the flash!", Monnam(mtmp));
*/
                pline("%s\82Í\91M\8cõ\82Å\96Ú\82ª\8c©\82¦\82È\82­\82È\82Á\82½\81I", Monnam(mtmp));
                res = 1;
            }
            if (mtmp->data == &mons[PM_GREMLIN]) {
                /* Rule #1: Keep them out of the light. */
                amt = otmp->otyp == WAN_LIGHT ? d(1 + otmp->spe, 4)
                                              : rn2(min(mtmp->mhp, 4));
                light_hits_gremlin(mtmp, amt);
            }
            if (!DEADMONSTER(mtmp)) {
                if (!context.mon_moving)
                    setmangry(mtmp, TRUE);
                if (tmp < 9 && !mtmp->isshk && rn2(4))
                    monflee(mtmp, rn2(4) ? rnd(100) : 0, FALSE, TRUE);
                mtmp->mcansee = 0;
                mtmp->mblinded = (tmp < 3) ? 0 : rnd(1 + 50 / tmp);
            }
        }
    }
    return res;
}

void
light_hits_gremlin(mon, dmg)
struct monst *mon;
int dmg;
{
#if 0 /*JP*/
    pline("%s %s!", Monnam(mon),
          (dmg > mon->mhp / 2) ? "wails in agony" : "cries out in pain");
#else
    pline("%s\82Í%s\81I", Monnam(mon),
          (dmg > mon->mhp / 2) ? "\8bê\92É\82Ì\90º\82ð\82 \82°\82½" : "\8c\83\92É\82Å\8b©\82ñ\82¾");
#endif
    mon->mhp -= dmg;
    wake_nearto(mon->mx, mon->my, 30);
    if (DEADMONSTER(mon)) {
        if (context.mon_moving)
            monkilled(mon, (char *) 0, AD_BLND);
        else
            killed(mon);
    } else if (cansee(mon->mx, mon->my) && !canspotmon(mon)) {
        map_invisible(mon->mx, mon->my);
    }
}

/*uhitm.c*/