(split) LDP v3.24 -> v3.29 の定型的な変更内容を反映。

[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / draft / man2 / setpgid.2

.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
.\" and Copyright (C) 2007, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"     This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"     California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     @(#)getpgrp.2   6.4 (Berkeley) 3/10/91
.\"
.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified 1995-04-15 by Michael Chastain <mec@shell.portal.com>:
.\"   Added 'getpgid'.
.\" Modified 1996-07-21 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\" Modified 1996-11-06 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
.\" Modified 1999-09-02 by Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
.\" Modified 2002-01-18 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\" Modified 2003-01-20 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\" 2007-07-25, mtk, fairly substantial rewrites and rearrangements
.\" of text.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997-1999 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Sun Nov 21 18:54:10 JST 1999
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated Fri Feb  7 JST 2003 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Sun Feb 23 JST 2003 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2007-09-25, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.64
.\" Updated 2010-04-23, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.24
.\"
.\"WORD:        process group           ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×
.\"WORD:        process group ID        ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID
.\"WORD:        terminal                üËö
.\"WORD:        foreground              ¥Õ¥©¥¢¥°¥é¥ó¥É
.\"WORD:        block                   ̾̂(block)
.\"WORD:        job control             ¥¸¥ç¥Ö¡¦¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥ë
.\"
.TH SETPGID 2 2010-09-26 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.\"O .SH NAME
.SH ̾Á°
.\"O setpgid, getpgid, setpgrp, getpgrp \- set/get process group
setpgid, getpgid, setpgrp, getpgrp \- ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ÎÀßÄê/¼èÆÀ¤ò¹Ô¤¦
.\"O .SH SYNOPSIS
.SH ½ñ¼°
.B #include <unistd.h>
.sp
.BI "int setpgid(pid_t " pid ", pid_t " pgid );
.br
.BI "pid_t getpgid(pid_t " pid );
.sp
.BR "pid_t getpgrp(void);" "                 /* POSIX.1 version */"
.br
.BI "pid_t getpgrp(pid_t " pid ");\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ "
/* BSD version */
.sp
.BR "int setpgrp(void);" "                   /* System V version */"
.br
.BI "int setpgrp(pid_t " pid ", pid_t " pgid ");\ "
/* BSD version */
.sp
.in -4n
.\"O Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
.\"O .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.ad l
.PD 0
.BR getpgid ():
.RS 4
_XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500 ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
.br
.\"O || /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
|| /* glibc 2.12 °Ê¹ß: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200809L
.RE
.sp
.BR setpgrp "() (POSIX.1):"
.nf
    _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500 ||
    _XOPEN_SOURCE\ &&\ _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
.fi
.sp
.BR setpgrp "()\ (BSD),"
.BR getpgrp "()\ (BSD):"
.nf
    _BSD_SOURCE &&
        !\ (_POSIX_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE ||
           _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED || _GNU_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE)
.fi
.PD
.ad
.\"O .SH DESCRIPTION
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O All of these interfaces are available on Linux,
.\"O and are used for getting and setting the
.\"O process group ID (PGID) of a process.
.\"O The preferred, POSIX.1-specified ways of doing this are:
.\"O .BR getpgrp (void),
.\"O for retrieving the calling process's PGID; and
.\"O .BR setpgid (),
.\"O for setting a process's PGID.
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¿¥Õ¥§¡¼¥¹¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤¬ Linux ¤ÇÍøÍѲÄǽ¤Ç¡¢
¤³¤ì¤é¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID (PGID) ¤Î
¼èÆÀ¤äÀßÄ꤬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
¿ä¾©¤Î¡¢POSIX.1 ¤Çµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤¿ÊýË¡¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
.BR getpgrp (void)
¤Ç¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤ò¼èÆÀ¤·¡¢
.BR setpgid ()
¤ÇÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£

.\"O .BR setpgid ()
.\"O sets the PGID of the process specified by
.\"O .I pid
.\"O to
.\"O .IR pgid .
.\"O If
.\"O .I pid
.\"O is zero, then the process ID of the calling process is used.
.\"O If
.\"O .I pgid
.\"O is zero, then the PGID of the process specified by
.\"O .I pid
.\"O is made the same as its process ID.
.BR setpgid ()
¤Ï
.I pid
¤Ç»ØÄꤷ¤¿¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤Ë
.I pgid
¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.I pid
¤¬¥¼¥í¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ID ¤¬ pid ¤È¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
.I pgid
¤¬¥¼¥í¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢
.I pid
¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤¬¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ID ¤È
Ʊ¤¸¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O If
.\"O .BR setpgid ()
.\"O is used to move a process from one process
.\"O group to another (as is done by some shells when creating pipelines),
.\"O both process groups must be part of the same session (see
.\"O .BR setsid (2)
.\"O and
.\"O .BR credentials (7)).
.\"O In this case,
.\"O the \fIpgid\fP specifies an existing process group to be joined and the
.\"O session ID of that group must match the session ID of the joining process.
.BR setpgid ()
¤ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò¤¢¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤«¤éÊ̤Υ°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ø
°ÜÆ°¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï (°ìÉô¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ï¥Ñ¥¤¥×¥é¥¤¥ó¤òÀ¸À®
¤¹¤ë»þ¤Ë¤³¤ì¤ò¹Ô¤¦)¡¢Î¾Êý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ÏƱ¤¸¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î
°ìÉô¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤
.RB ( setsid (2)
¤È
.BR credentials (7)
»²¾È)¡£¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï \fIpgid\fP ¤Ï»²²Ã¤¹¤Ù¤­´û¸¤Î
¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ò»ØÄꤷ¡¢¤½¤Î¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó ID ¤Ï»²²Ã¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó ID ¤Ë°ìÃפ·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

.\"O The POSIX.1 version of
.\"O .BR getpgrp (),
.\"O which takes no arguments,
.\"O returns the PGID of the calling process.
POSIX.1 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR getpgrp ()
¤Ï°ú¤­¿ô¤ò°ì¤Ä¤â¤È¤é¤º¡¢
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

.\"O .BR getpgid ()
.\"O returns the PGID of the process specified by
.\"O .IR pid .
.\"O If
.\"O .I pid
.\"O is zero, the process ID of the calling process is used.
.\"O (Retrieving the PGID of a process other than the caller is rarely
.\"O necessary, and the POSIX.1
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O is preferred for that task.)
.BR getpgid ()
¤Ï
.I pid
¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.I pid
¤¬¥¼¥í¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ID ¤¬ pid ¤È¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë¡£
(¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹°Ê³°¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤Î¼èÆÀ¤¬É¬Íפˤʤ뤳¤È¤Ï
¤á¤Ã¤¿¤Ë¤Ê¤¯¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤ò¼èÆÀ¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï
POSIX.1 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR getpgrp ()
¤ò»È¤¦¤Î¤¬Ë¾¤Þ¤·¤¤¡£)

.\"O The System V-style
.\"O .BR setpgrp (),
.\"O which takes no arguments, is equivalent to
.\"O .IR "setpgid(0,\ 0)" .
System V ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR setpgrp ()
¤Ï°ú¤­¿ô¤ò°ì¤Ä¤â¤È¤é¤º¡¢
.I "setpgid(0,\ 0)"
¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

.\"O The BSD-specific
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()
.\"O call, which takes arguments
.\"O .I pid
.\"O and
.\"O .IR pgid ,
.\"O is equivalent to
.\"O .IR "setpgid(pid, pgid)" .
BSD »ÅÍͤÎ
.BR setpgrp ()
¤Ï
.I pid
¤È
.I pgid
¤ò°ú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤È¤ê¡¢
.I "setpgid(pid, pgid)"
¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.\" The true BSD setpgrp() system call differs in allowing the PGID
.\" to be set to arbitrary values, rather than being restricted to
.\" PGIDs in the same session.

.\"O The BSD-specific
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O call, which takes a single
.\"O .I pid
.\"O argument, is equivalent to
.\"O .IR "getpgid(pid)" .
BSD »ÅÍͤÎ
.BR getpgrp ()
¤Ï
.I pid
¤À¤±¤ò°ú¤­¿ô¤Ë¤È¤ê¡¢
.I "getpgid(pid)"
¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH "RETURN VALUE"
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\"O On success,
.\"O .BR setpgid ()
.\"O and
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()
.\"O return zero.
.\"O On error, \-1 is returned, and
.\"O .I errno
.\"O is set appropriately.
.BR setpgid ()
¤È
.BR setpgrp ()
¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¥¼¥í¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
.I errno
¤¬Å¬ÀÚ¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£

.\"O The POSIX.1
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O always returns the PGID of the caller.
POSIX.1 ¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR getpgrp ()
¤Ï¾ï¤Ë¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

.\"O .BR getpgid (),
.\"O and the BSD-specific
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O return a process group on success.
.\"O On error, \-1 is returned, and
.\"O .I errno
.\"O is set appropriately.
.BR getpgid ()
¤È BSD »ÅÍͤÎ
.BR getpgrp ()
¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
.I errno
¤¬Å¬ÀÚ¤ËÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH ERRORS
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EACCES
.\"O An attempt was made to change the process group ID
.\"O of one of the children of the calling process and the child had
.\"O already performed an
.\"O .BR execve (2)
.\"O .RB ( setpgid (),
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()).
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢
¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¤½¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï
.BR execve (2)
¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£
.RB ( setpgid (),
.BR setpgrp ())
.TP
.B EINVAL
.\"O .I pgid
.\"O is less than 0
.\"O .RB ( setpgid (),
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()).
.I pgid
¤¬ 0 ¤è¤ê¾®¤µ¤¤¡£
.RB ( setpgid (),
.BR setpgrp ())
.TP
.B EPERM
.\"O An attempt was made to move a process into a process group in a
.\"O different session, or to change the process
.\"O group ID of one of the children of the calling process and the
.\"O child was in a different session, or to change the process group ID of
.\"O a session leader
.\"O .RB ( setpgid (),
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()).
¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò°Û¤Ê¤ë¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë°ÜÆ°¤µ¤»¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¡£
¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤è¤¦¤È
¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¤½¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÏÊ̤Υ»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤À¤Ã¤¿¡£
¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¥ê¡¼¥À¡¼¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¡£
.RB ( setpgid (),
.BR setpgrp ())
.TP
.B ESRCH
.\"O For
.\"O .BR getpgid ():
.BR getpgid ()
¤Î¾ì¹ç:
.I pid
¤¬¤É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤â°ìÃפ·¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O For
.\"O .BR setpgid ():
.\"O .I pid
.\"O is not the calling process and not a child of the calling process.
.BR setpgid ()
¤Î¾ì¹ç:
.I pid
¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
.SH ½àµò
.\"O .BR setpgid ()
.\"O and the version of
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O with no arguments
.\"O conform to POSIX.1-2001.
.BR setpgid ()
¤È¡¢°ú¤­¿ô¤Ê¤·¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR getpgrp ()
¤Ï POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ë½àµò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

.\"O POSIX.1-2001 also specifies
.\"O .BR getpgid ()
.\"O and the version of
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()
.\"O that takes no arguments.
POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ï¡¢
.BR getpgid ()
¤È¡¢°ú¤­¿ô¤Ê¤·¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR setpgrp ()
¤âµ¬Äꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O (POSIX.1-2008 marks this
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()
.\"O specification as obsolete.)
POSIX.1-2008 ¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î
.BR setpgrp ()
¤Î»ÅÍͤòÇÑ»ßͽÄê¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£

.\"O The version of
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O with one argument and the version of
.\"O .BR setpgrp ()
.\"O that takes two arguments derive from 4.2BSD,
.\"O and are not specified by POSIX.1.
°ú¤­¿ô 1 ¸Ä¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR getpgrp ()
¤È°ú¤­¿ô 2 ¸Ä¥Ð¡¼¥¸¥ç¥ó¤Î
.BR setpgrp ()
¤Ï 4.2BSD ¤ËͳÍ褷¡¢
POSIX.1 ¤Ç¤Ïµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O A child created via
.\"O .BR fork (2)
.\"O inherits its parent's process group ID.
.\"O The PGID is preserved across an
.\"O .BR execve (2).
.BR fork (2)
¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î PGID
¤ò·Ñ¾µ¤¹¤ë¡£
.BR execve (2)
¤ÎÁ°¸å¤Ç PGID ¤ÏÊݸ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

.\"O Each process group is a member of a session and each process is a
.\"O member of the session of which its process group is a member.
³Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥á¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢³Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï
¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬½ê°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥á¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

.\"O A session can have a controlling terminal.
.\"O At any time, one (and only one) of the process groups
.\"O in the session can be the foreground process group
.\"O for the terminal;
.\"O the remaining process groups are in the background.
.\"O If a signal is generated from the terminal (e.g., typing the
.\"O interrupt key to generate
.\"O .BR SIGINT ),
.\"O that signal is sent to the foreground process group.
.\"O (See
.\"O .BR termios (3)
.\"O for a description of the characters that generate signals.)
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÏÀ©¸æüËö (controlling terminal) ¤ò»ý¤Ä¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
¤¤¤Ä¤Ç¤â¡¢¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë½ê°¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î°ì¤Ä (¤À¤±) ¤¬
üËö¤Î¥Õ¥©¥¢¥°¥é¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¡¢
»Ä¤ê¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥°¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
üËö¤«¤é¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬À¸À®¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç (Î㤨¤Ð¡¢ÃæÃÇ¥­¡¼¤òᤤ¤Æ
.B SIGINT
¤¬À¸À®¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Ê¤É)¡¢¤½¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Ï¥Õ¥©¥¢¥°¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×
¤ËÁ÷¤é¤ì¤ë
(¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÀ¸À®¤¹¤ëʸ»ú¤ÎÀâÌÀ¤Ï
.BR termios (3)
¤ò»²¾È)¡£
.\"O Only the foreground process group may
.\"O .BR read (2)
.\"O from the terminal;
.\"O if a background process group tries to
.\"O .BR read (2)
.\"O from the terminal, then the group is sent a
.\"O .B SIGTSTP
.\"O signal, which suspends it.
.\"O The
.\"O .BR tcgetpgrp (3)
.\"O and
.\"O .BR tcsetpgrp (3)
.\"O functions are used to get/set the foreground
.\"O process group of the controlling terminal.
¥Õ¥©¥¢¥°¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤À¤±¤¬Ã¼Ëö¤«¤é¤Î
.BR read (2)
¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£
¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥°¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬Ã¼Ëö¤«¤é¤Î
.BR read (2)
¤ò¹Ô¤ª¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¤Ï¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë
.B SIGTSTP
¤¬Á÷¤é¤ì¡¢¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï°ì»þÄä»ß (suspend) ¤¹¤ë¡£
´Ø¿ô
.BR tcgetpgrp (3)
¤È
.BR tcsetpgrp (3)
¤ò»È¤¦¤È¡¢À©¸æüËö¤Î¥Õ¥©¥¢¥°¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ò
¼èÆÀ/ÀßÄê¤Ç¤­¤ë¡£

.\"O The
.\"O .BR setpgid ()
.\"O and
.\"O .BR getpgrp ()
.\"O calls are used by programs such as
.\"O .BR bash (1)
.\"O to create process groups in order to implement shell job control.
.BR setpgid ()
¤È
.BR getpgrp ()
¤Ï¡¢
.BR bash (1)
¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ç¡¢¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¥¸¥ç¥ÖÀ©¸æ (job control) ¤Î¼ÂÁõ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î
¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£

.\"O If a session has a controlling terminal, and the
.\"O .B CLOCAL
.\"O flag for that terminal is not set,
.\"O and a terminal hangup occurs, then the session leader is sent a
.\"O .BR SIGHUP .
.\"O If the session leader exits, then a
.\"O .B SIGHUP
.\"O signal will also be sent to each process in the foreground
.\"O process group of the controlling terminal.
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬À©¸æüËö¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢¤½¤ÎüËö¤ËÂФ·¤Æ
.B CLOCAL
¥Õ¥é¥°¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤é¤º¡¢Ã¼Ëö¤Î¥Ï¥ó¥°¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¬µ¯¤­¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢
¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¡¦¥ê¡¼¥À¡¼¤Ë
.B SIGHUP
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.\"O If the exit of the process causes a process group to become orphaned,
.\"O and if any member of the newly orphaned process group is stopped, then a
.\"O .B SIGHUP
.\"O signal followed by a
.\"O .B SIGCONT
.\"O signal will be sent to each process
.\"O in the newly orphaned process group.
¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î½ªÎ»¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬¸É»ù (orphaned) ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿ºÝ¤Ë¡¢
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.\" exit.3 refers to the following text:
.\"O An orphaned process group is one in which the parent of
.\"O every member of process group is either itself also a member
.\"O of the process group or is a member of a process group
.\"O in a different session (see also
.\"O .BR credentials (7)).
¸É»ù¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿ (orphaned) ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤È¤Ï¡¢
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.\"O .SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR getuid (2),
.BR setsid (2),
.BR tcgetpgrp (3),
.BR tcsetpgrp (3),
.BR termios (3),
.BR credentials (7)