[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / draft / man3 / getutent.3

.\" Copyright 1995 Mark D. Roth (roth@uiuc.edu)
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
.\"
.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" References consulted:
.\"     Linux libc source code
.\"     Solaris manpages
.\"
.\" Modified Thu Jul 25 14:43:46 MET DST 1996 by Michael Haardt
.\"     <michael@cantor.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-03-15, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2001-10-16, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2002-01-03, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2005-03-18, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2008-08-11, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v3.05
.\"
.TH GETUTENT 3 2008-06-29 "" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.\"O .SH NAME
.SH ̾Á°
.\"O getutent, getutid, getutline, pututline, setutent, endutent,
.\"O utmpname \- access utmp file entries
getutent, getutid, getutline, pututline, setutent, endutent, utmpname \-
utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¹¤ë
.\"O .SH SYNOPSIS
.SH ½ñ¼°
.B #include <utmp.h>
.sp
.B struct utmp *getutent(void);
.br
.BI "struct utmp *getutid(struct utmp *" ut );
.br
.BI "struct utmp *getutline(struct utmp *" ut );
.sp
.BI "struct utmp *pututline(struct utmp *" ut );
.sp
.B void setutent(void);
.br
.B void endutent(void);
.sp
.BI "int utmpname(const char *" file );
.\"O .SH DESCRIPTION
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O New applications should use the POSIX.1-specified "utmpx" versions of
.\"O these functions; see CONFORMING TO.
¿·¤·¤¤¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Î "utmpx" ÈǤò»ÈÍѤ¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
¤³¤ì¤é¤Ï POSIX.1 ¤Çµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¡Ö½àµò¡×¤ÎÀá¤ò»²¾È¡£

.\"O .BR utmpname ()
.\"O sets the name of the utmp-format file for the other utmp
.\"O functions to access.
.\"O If
.\"O .BR utmpname ()
.\"O is not used to set the filename
.\"O before the other functions are used, they assume \fB_PATH_UTMP\fP, as
.\"O defined in \fI<paths.h>\fP.
.BR utmpname ()
¤Ï¡¢Â¾¤Î utmp ´Ø¿ô¤¬¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤¹¤ë (utmp ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Î)
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£Â¾¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤¦Á°¤Ë
.BR utmpname ()
¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ
¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤Î»ØÄê¤ò¹Ô¤ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ \fI<path.h>\fP ¤Ç
ÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë \fB_PATH_UTMP\fP ¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤È¤ß¤Ê¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR setutent ()
.\"O rewinds the file pointer to the beginning of the utmp file.
.\"O It is generally a good idea to call it before any of the other
.\"O functions.
.BR setutent ()
¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ò utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë°ÜÆ°¤¹¤ë¡£
°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Â¾¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤¦Á°¤Ë¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤ÈÎɤ¤¤À¤í¤¦¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR endutent ()
.\"O closes the utmp file.
.\"O It should be called when the user
.\"O code is done accessing the file with the other functions.
.BR endutent ()
¤Ï utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¥¯¥í¡¼¥º¤¹¤ë¡£¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥³¡¼¥É¤Ç
¾¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿»þ¤Ï¡¢ºÇ¸å¤Ë¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR getutent ()
.\"O reads a line from the current file position in the utmp file.
.\"O It returns a pointer to a structure containing the fields of
.\"O the line.
.BR getutent ()
¤Ï utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¸½ºß¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°ÌÃÖ¤«¤é°ì¹ÔÆɤ߹þ¤ß¡¢
¹Ô¤Î³Æ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ÎÆâÍƤò¼ý¤á¤¿¹½Â¤ÂΤؤΥݥ¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.\"O The definition of this structure is shown in
.\"O .BR utmp (5).
¤³¤Î¹½Â¤ÂΤÎÄêµÁ¤Ï
.BR utmp (5)
¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR getutid ()
.\"O searches forward from the current file position in the utmp
.\"O file based upon \fIut\fP.
.\"O If \fIut\fP\->ut_type is one of \fBRUN_LVL\fP,
.\"O \fBBOOT_TIME\fP, \fBNEW_TIME\fP, or \fBOLD_TIME\fP,
.\"O .BR getutid ()
.\"O will
.\"O find the first entry whose \fIut_type\fP field matches \fIut\fP\->ut_type.
.\"O If \fIut\fP\->ut_type is one of \fBINIT_PROCESS\fP, \fBLOGIN_PROCESS\fP,
.\"O \fBUSER_PROCESS\fP, or \fBDEAD_PROCESS\fP,
.\"O .BR getutid ()
.\"O will find the
.\"O first entry whose
.\"O .I ut_id
.\"O field matches \fIut\fP\->ut_id.
.BR getutid ()
¤Ï¡¢ utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Î¸½ºß¤Î°ÌÃÖ¤«¤é½çÊý¸þ
(ËöÈø¤Ë¸þ¤«¤¦Êý¸þ) ¤Ø \fIut\fP ¤Ë´ð¤¯¸¡º÷¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£ \fIut\fP\->ut_type ¤¬
\fBRUN_LVL\fP, \fBBOOT_TIME\fP, \fBNEW_TIME\fP, \fBOLD_TIME\fP ¤Î
¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ê¤é¡¢
.BR getutid ()
¤Ï \fBut_type\fP ¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬
\fIut\fP\->ut_type ¤Ë°ìÃפ¹¤ëºÇ½é¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òõ¤¹¡£
\fIut\fP\->ut_type ¤¬ \fBINIT_PROCESS\fP, \fBLOGIN_PROCESS\fP,
\fBUSER_PROCESS\fP, \fBDEAD_PROCESS\fP ¤Î¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Ê¤é¡¢
.BR getutid ()
¤Ï
.I ut_id
¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬ \fIut\fP\->ut_id ¤Ë
°ìÃפ¹¤ëºÇ½é¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤òõ¤¹¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR getutline ()
.\"O searches forward from the current file position in the utmp file.
.\"O It scans entries whose
.\"O .I ut_type
.\"O is \fBUSER_PROCESS\fP
.\"O or \fBLOGIN_PROCESS\fP and returns the first one whose
.\"O .I ut_line
.\"O field
.\"O matches \fIut\->ut_line\fP.
.BR getutline ()
¤Ï¡¢ utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¸½ºß¤Î°ÌÃÖ¤«¤éËöÈø¤Ë¸þ¤«¤Ã¤Æ¸¡º÷¤ò¹Ô¤¦¡£
.I ut_type
¤¬ \fBUSER_PROCESS\fP ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï \fBLOGIN_PROCESS\fP ¤Ç¡¢
.I ut_line
¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬ \fIut\fP->ut_line ¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ëºÇ½é¤Î¹Ô¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR pututline ()
.\"O writes the
.\"O .I utmp
.\"O structure \fIut\fP into the utmp file.
.\"O It uses
.\"O .BR getutid ()
.\"O to search for the proper place in the file to insert
.\"O the new entry.
.\"O If it cannot find an appropriate slot for \fIut\fP,
.\"O .BR pututline ()
.\"O will append the new entry to the end of the file.
.BR pututline ()
¤Ï
.I utmp
¹½Â¤ÂÎ \fIut\fP ¤ÎÆâÍƤò utmp ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë½ñ¤­½Ð¤¹¡£
.BR pututline ()
¤Ï
.BR getutid ()
¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¡¢¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò
ÁÞÆþ¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤Õ¤µ¤ï¤·¤¤¾ì½ê¤òõ¤¹¡£ \fIut\fP ¤òÁÞÆþ¤¹¤ë¤Õ¤µ¤ï¤·¤¤¾ì½ê¤¬
¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÎËöÈø¤ËÄɲ乤롣
.\"O .SH "RETURN VALUE"
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\"O .BR getutent (),
.\"O .BR getutid (),
.\"O and
.\"O .BR getutline ()
.\"O return a pointer to a \fIstruct utmp\fP on success,
.\"O and NULL on failure (which includes the "record not found" case).
.\"O This \fIstruct utmp\fP is allocated in static storage, and may be
.\"O overwritten by subsequent calls.
.BR getutent (),
.BR getutid (),
.BR getutline ()
¤Ï¡¢À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È \fIstruct utmp\fP ¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È NULL ¤òÊÖ¤¹ (¥ì¥³¡¼¥É¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤â¼ºÇԤȤʤë)¡£
¤³¤Î \fIstruct utmp\fP ¤ÏÀÅŪ¤Êµ­²±Îΰè¤Ë³ÎÊݤµ¤ì¡¢¼¡¤Ë¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ò
¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤¿ºÝ¤Ë¾å½ñ¤­¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

.\"O On success
.\"O .BR pututline ()
.\"O returns
.\"O .IR ut ;
.\"O on failure, it returns NULL.
.BR pututline ()
¤ÏÀ®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È
.I ut
¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È NULL ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

.\"O .BR utmpname ()
.\"O returns 0 if the new name was successfully stored, or \-1 on failure.
.BR utmpname ()
¤Ï¡¢¿·¤·¤¤Ì¾Á°¤Î³ÊǼ¤ËÀ®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È 0 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤È \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
.\"O .SH ERRORS
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B ENOMEM
.\"O Out of memory.
¥á¥â¥êÉÔ­¡£
.TP
.B ESRCH
.\"O Record not found.
¥ì¥³¡¼¥É¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£
.PP
.\"O .BR setutent (),
.\"O .BR pututent (),
.\"O and the
.\"O .B getut* ()
.\"O functions can also fail for the reasons described in
.\"O .BR open (2).
´Ø¿ô
.BR setutent (),
.BR pututent (),
.BR getut* ()
¤Ï
.BR open (2)
¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÍýͳ¤Ç¤â¼ºÇÔ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH FILES
.SH ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë
.\"O /var/run/utmp      database of currently logged-in users
.\"O .br
.\"O /var/log/wtmp      database of past user logins
/var/run/utmp     ¸½ºß¥í¥°¥¤¥óÃæ¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹
.br
/var/log/wtmp     ²áµî¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹
.\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
.SH ½àµò
XPG2, SVr4.
.LP
.\"O In XPG2 and SVID 2 the function
.\"O .BR pututline ()
.\"O is documented
.\"O to return void, and that is what it does on many systems
.\"O (AIX, HP-UX, Linux libc5).
XPG2 ¤È SVID 2 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
.BR pututline ()
´Ø¿ô¤ÏÃͤòÊÖ¤µ¤Ê¤¤¤È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
(AIX, HP-UX, Linux libc5 ¤Ê¤É¤Î) ¿¤¯¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¤½¤¦¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O HP-UX introduces a new function
.\"O .BR _pututline ()
.\"O with the prototype given above for
.\"O .BR pututline ()
.\"O (also found in Linux libc5).
HP-UX ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¾å½Ò¤Î
.BR pututline ()
¤ÈƱ¤¸¥×¥í¥È¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò»ý¤Ä
¿·¤·¤¤´Ø¿ô
.BR _pututline ()
¤¬Æ³Æþ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë
(¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï Linux libc5 ¤Ë¤â¤¢¤ë)¡£
.LP
.\"O All these functions are obsolete now on non-Linux systems.
¸½ºß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢Linux °Ê³°¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ÏÁ´¤ÆÇѻߤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O POSIX.1-2001, following SUSv1,
.\"O does not have any of these functions, but instead uses
SUSv1 ¤Î¸å¤Ë½Ð¤Æ¤­¤¿ POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤â¤Ï¤ä¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢
Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë°Ê²¼¤Î¤â¤Î¤ò»È¤¦¡£
.sp
.B #include <utmpx.h>
.sp
.B struct utmpx *getutxent(void);
.br
.B struct utmpx *getutxid(const struct utmpx *);
.br
.B struct utmpx *getutxline(const struct utmpx *);
.br
.B struct utmpx *pututxline(const struct utmpx *);
.br
.B void setutxent(void);
.br
.B void endutxent(void);
.PP
.\"O These functions are provided by glibc,
.\"O and perform the same task as their equivalents without the "x", but use
.\"O .IR "struct utmpx" ,
.\"O defined on Linux to be the same as
.\"O .IR "struct utmp" .
.\"O For completeness, glibc also provides
.\"O .BR utmpxname (),
.\"O although this function is not specified by POSIX.1.
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï glibc ¤Ë¤è¤êÄ󶡤µ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢
"x" ¤¬¤Ê¤¤´Ø¿ô¤ÈƱ¤¸½èÍý¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤¬¡¢
.I "struct utmpx"
¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¡£
Linux ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¹½Â¤ÂΤÎÄêµÁ¤Ï
.I "struct utmp"
¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
´°Á´¤ò´ü¤¹¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢glibc ¤Ç¤Ï
.BR utmpxname ()
¤âÄ󶡤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï POSIX.1 ¤Ç¤Ïµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
.\"O On some other systems,
.\"O the \fIutmpx\fP structure is a superset of the \fIutmp\fP structure,
.\"O with additional fields, and larger versions of the existing fields,
.\"O and parallel files are maintained, often
.\"O .I /var/*/utmpx
.\"O and
.\"O .IR /var/*/wtmpx .
Linux °Ê³°¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢
\fIutmpx\fP ¹½Â¤ÂÎ¤Ï \fIutmp\fP ¹½Â¤ÂΤξå°Ì½¸¹ç (superset) ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢
ÄɲäΥե£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤ê¡¢´û¸¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤¬Â礭¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤ê
¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ë¡£Ê£¿ô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤â¤¢¤ê¡¢Â¿¤¯¤Î¾ì¹ç
.I /var/*/utmpx
¤È
.I /var/*/wtmpx
¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
.LP
.\"O Linux glibc on the other hand does not use a parallel \fIutmpx\fP file
.\"O since its \fIutmp\fP structure is already large enough.
.\"O The functions \fBgetutxent\fP()
.\"O etc. are aliases for \fBgetutent\fP() etc.
°ìÊý¡¢ Linux glibc ¤Ç¤ÏÊ£¿ô¤Î \fIutmpx\fP ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë ¤Ï»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¡£
\fIutmp\fP ¹½Â¤ÂΤ¬½½Ê¬¤ËÂ礭¤¤¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
\fIgetutxent\fP() ¤Ê¤É¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï \fIgetutent\fP() ¤Ê¤É¤ÎÊÌ̾¤È¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O .SS Glibc Notes
.SS glibc ¤Ç¤ÎÃí°Õ
.\"O The above functions are not thread-safe.
.\"O Glibc adds reentrant versions
¾åµ­¤Î´Ø¿ô·²¤Ï¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥»¡¼¥Õ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£
glibc ¤Ë¤Ï¥ê¥¨¥ó¥È¥é¥ó¥ÈÈÇ (reentrant) ¤¬Äɲ䵤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.sp
.nf
.BR "#define _GNU_SOURCE" "    /* or _SVID_SOURCE or _BSD_SOURCE */"
.B #include <utmp.h>
.sp
.BI "int getutent_r(struct utmp *" ubuf ", struct utmp **" ubufp );
.sp
.BI "int getutid_r(struct utmp *" ut ,
.BI "              struct utmp *" ubuf ", struct utmp **" ubufp );
.sp
.BI "int getutline_r(struct utmp *" ut ,
.BI "                struct utmp *" ubuf ", struct utmp **" ubufp );
.fi
.sp
.\"O These functions are GNU extensions, analogs of the functions of the
.\"O same name without the _r suffix.
.\"O The
.\"O .I ubuf
.\"O argument gives these functions a place to store their result.
.\"O On success they return 0, and a pointer to the result is written in
.\"O .IR *ubufp .
.\"O On error these functions return \-1.
.\"O There are no utmpx equivalents of the above functions.
.\"O (POSIX.1 does not specify such functions.)
¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï GNU ¤Ç¤Î³ÈÄ¥¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢ËöÈø¤Î _r ¤ò¤È¤Ã¤¿Ì¾Á°¤Î´Ø¿ô¤È
ƱÍͤε¡Ç½¤ò»ý¤Ä¡£
.I ubuf
¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤Ï·ë²Ì¤ò³ÊǼ¤¹¤ë¾ì½ê¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¡£
À®¸ù¤¹¤ë¤È 0 ¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢·ë²Ì¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ò
.I *ubufp
¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤à¡£¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç \-1 ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£
¾åµ­¤Î´Ø¿ô¤ËÂбþ¤¹¤ë utmpx ÈǤϸºß¤·¤Ê¤¤
(POSIX.1 ¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤ì¤é¤Î´Ø¿ô¤òµ¬Äꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤)¡£
.\"O .SH EXAMPLE
.SH Îã
.\"O The following example adds and removes a utmp record, assuming it is run
.\"O from within a pseudo terminal.
.\"O For usage in a real application, you
.\"O should check the return values of
.\"O .BR getpwuid (3)
.\"O and
.\"O .BR ttyname (3).
°Ê²¼¤ÎÎã¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ utmp ¤Î¥ì¥³¡¼¥É¤ÎÄɲᦺï½ü¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¤Ï¡¢
µ¼»÷üËö (pseudo terminal) ¤«¤é¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤òÁÛÄꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
¼ÂºÝ¤Î¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ç¤Ï
.BR getpwuid (3)
¤È
.BR ttyname (3)
¤ÎÌá¤êÃͤò¸¡ºº¤¹¤ë¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.PP
.nf
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <utmp.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    struct utmp entry;

    system("echo before adding entry:;who");

    entry.ut_type = USER_PROCESS;
    entry.ut_pid = getpid();
    strcpy(entry.ut_line, ttyname(STDIN_FILENO) + strlen("/dev/"));
    /* only correct for ptys named /dev/tty[pqr][0\-9a\-z] */
    strcpy(entry.ut_id, ttyname(STDIN_FILENO) + strlen("/dev/tty"));
    time(&entry.ut_time);
    strcpy(entry.ut_user, getpwuid(getuid())\->pw_name);
    memset(entry.ut_host, 0, UT_HOSTSIZE);
    entry.ut_addr = 0;
    setutent();
    pututline(&entry);

    system("echo after adding entry:;who");

    entry.ut_type = DEAD_PROCESS;
    memset(entry.ut_line, 0, UT_LINESIZE);
    entry.ut_time = 0;
    memset(entry.ut_user, 0, UT_NAMESIZE);
    setutent();
    pututline(&entry);

    system("echo after removing entry:;who");

    endutent();
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
.fi
.\"O .SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR getutmp (3),
.BR utmp (5),
.BR feature_test_macros (7)