(split) Apply minor changes from v3.32 to v3.35 in the upstream.

[linuxjm/LDP_man-pages.git] / draft / man3 / strtoul.3

.\" Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (david@prism.demon.co.uk)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" References consulted:
.\"     Linux libc source code
.\"     Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
.\"     386BSD man pages
.\" Modified Sun Jul 25 10:54:03 1993 by Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
.\" Fixed typo, aeb, 950823
.\" 2002-02-22, joey, mihtjel: Added strtoull()
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 AKAMATSU, Kazuo
.\"                            and 2006 Akihiro MOTOKI
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Thu Jan 31 18:00:00 JST 1999
.\"         by AKAMATSU, Kazuo
.\" Updated & Modified 2006-07-20,
.\"         Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.36
.\"
.\" WORD:       base            ´ð¿ô
.\"
.TH STRTOUL 3  2011-09-15 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾Á°
.\"O strtoul, strtoull, strtouq \- convert a string to an unsigned long integer
strtoul, strtoull, strtouq \- ʸ»úÎó¤ò unsigned long int ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë
.SH ½ñ¼°
.nf
.B #include <stdlib.h>
.sp
.BI "unsigned long int strtoul(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr \
", int " base );
.sp
.BI "unsigned long long int strtoull(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ,
.BI "                                int " base );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
.\"O Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
.\"O .BR feature_test_macros (7)):
glibc ¸þ¤±¤Îµ¡Ç½¸¡ºº¥Þ¥¯¥í¤ÎÍ×·ï
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
»²¾È):
.in
.sp
.ad l
.BR strtoull ():
.RS 4
XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _ISOC99_SOURCE ||
_POSIX_C_SOURCE\ >=\ 200112L;
.br
or
.I cc\ -std=c99
.RE
.ad
.SH ÀâÌÀ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O function converts the initial part of the string
.\"O in \fInptr\fP to an
.\"O .I "unsigned long int"
.\"O value according to the
.\"O given \fIbase\fP, which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be
.\"O the special value 0.
.BR strtoul ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢ \fInptr\fP ¤Îʸ»úÎó¤ÎºÇ½é¤ÎÉôʬ¤ò¡¢
\fIbase\fP ¤ò´ð¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ
.I "unsigned long int"
¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¡£
¤³¤Î \fIbase\fP ¤Ï 2 ¤«¤é 36 ¤Þ¤Ç¤ÎÃÍ
¤¢¤ë¤¤¤ÏÆÃÊ̤ʰÕÌ£¤ò»ý¤ÄÃÍ 0 ¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£
.PP
.\"O The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as
.\"O determined by
.\"O .BR isspace (3))
.\"O followed by a single optional \(aq+\(aq or \(aq\-\(aq
.\"O sign.
.\"O If \fIbase\fP is zero or 16, the string may then include a
.\"O "0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a
.\"O zero \fIbase\fP is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character
.\"O is \(aq0\(aq, in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
ʸ»úÎó¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Ç¤°Õ¤Î¿ô¤Î¶õÇò¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤è¤¯ (¶õÇò¤Ï
.BR ( isspace (3)
¤ÇȽÄꤵ¤ì¤ë) ¡¢¤Þ¤¿¿ô»ú¤ÎľÁ°¤Ë¤Ï \(aq+\(aq ¤« \(aq\-\(aq ¤Î
Éä¹æ¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤è¤¤¡£
\fIbase\fP ¤¬ 0 ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï 16 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ʸ»úÎó¤ÎÀèƬ¤Ë "0x" ¤òÃÖ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬
¤Ç¤­¡¢¤½¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ïʸ»úÎó¤Ï 16¿Ê¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
¤³¤ì°Ê³°¤Îʸ»úÎó¤Ç \fIbase\fP ¤¬ 0 ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢
ʸ»úÎó¤¬ \(aq0\(aq ¤Ç»Ï¤Þ¤ë¤È¤­¤Ï 8¿Ê¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢
¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î¤È¤­¤Ï 10¿Ê¿ô¤È¤·¤Æ°·¤ï¤ì¤ë¡£
.PP
.\"O The remainder of the string is converted to an
.\"O .I "unsigned long int"
.\"O value in the obvious manner,
.\"O stopping at the first character which is not a
.\"O valid digit in the given base.
.\"O (In bases above 10, the letter \(aqA\(aq in
.\"O either upper or lower case represents 10, \(aqB\(aq represents 11, and so
.\"O forth, with \(aqZ\(aq representing 35.)
ʸ»úÎó¤Î»Ä¤ê¤ÎÉôʬ¤Ï
.I "unsigned long int"
¤ËÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¤¬¡¢´ð¿ô¤ËÂФ·¤Æ
Í­¸ú¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¿ô»ú¤¬¸½¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤ÇÊÑ´¹¤Ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£(11¿Ê¿ô°Ê¾å¤Ç¤Ï \(aqA\(aq ¤Ï
Âçʸ»ú¡¦¾®Ê¸»ú¤Ë´Ø¤ï¤é¤º 10 ¤òɽ¤·¡¢ \(aqB\(aq ¤Ï 11 ¤òɽ¸½¤·,
°Ê²¼Æ±Íͤˡ¢ \(aqZ\(aq ¤Ï 35 ¤òɽ¤¹¡£)
.PP
.\"O If \fIendptr\fP is not NULL,
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O stores the address of the
.\"O first invalid character in \fI*endptr\fP.
.\"O If there were no digits at
.\"O all,
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O stores the original value of \fInptr\fP in
.\"O \fI*endptr\fP (and returns 0).
.\"O In particular, if \fI*nptr\fP is not \(aq\\0\(aq but \fI**endptr\fP
.\"O is \(aq\\0\(aq on return, the entire string is valid.
\fIendptr\fP ¤¬¥Ì¥ëÃÍ (NULL) ¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢
.BR strtoul ()
¤ÏºÇ½é¤ËÉÔÀµ¤Êʸ»ú¤¬¸½¤ì¤¿¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò
\fI*endptr\fP ¤Ë³ÊǼ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
ʸ»úÎó¤ËÍ­¸ú¤Ê¿ô»ú¤¬¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤â¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢
.BR strtoul ()
¤Ï \fInptr\fP
¤Î¸µ¤ÎÃͤò \fI*endptr\fP ¤ËÂåÆþ¤¹¤ë(¤½¤·¤Æ 0 ¤òÊÖ¤¹)¡£
Æäˡ¢ \fI*nptr\fP ¤¬ \(aq\\0\(aq °Ê³°¤Ç¡¢ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤¿ \fI**endptr\fP ¤¬
\(aq\\0\(aq ¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¢Ê¸»úÎóÁ´ÂΤ¬Í­¸ú¤À¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£
.PP
.\"O The
.\"O .BR strtoull ()
.\"O function works just like the
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O function but returns an
.\"O .I "unsigned long long int"
.\"O value.
.BR strtoull ()
´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR strtoul ()
´Ø¿ô¤ÈƱÍͤÀ¤¬¡¢
.I "unsigned long long int"
·¿¤ÎÃͤòÊÖ¤¹¡£
.SH ÊÖ¤êÃÍ
.\"O The
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O function returns either the result of the conversion
.\"O or, if there was a leading minus sign, the negation of the result of the
.\"O conversion represented as an unsigned value,
.\"O unless the original (nonnegated) value would overflow; in
.\"O the latter case,
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O returns
.\"O .B ULONG_MAX
.\"O and sets \fIerrno\fP to
.\"O .BR ERANGE .
.BR strtoul ()
´Ø¿ô¤ÏÊÑ´¹·ë²Ì¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£Ê¸»úÎ󤬥ޥ¤¥Ê¥¹Éä¹æ¤«¤é»Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì
¹ç¤Ï¡¢(Éä¹æȿžÁ°¤ÎÃͤ¬¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð) ÊÑ´¹·ë²Ì¤òÉä¹æȿž¤·¤¿
Ãͤò unsigned ·¿¤ÇÊÖ¤¹¡£ÊÑ´¹¤Ç¥ª¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥Õ¥í¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ï
.B ULONG_MAX
¤òÊÖ¤·¡¢
.I errno
¤Ë
.B ERANGE
¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ë¡£
.\"O Precisely the same holds for
.\"O .BR strtoull ()
.\"O (with
.\"O .B ULLONG_MAX
.\"O instead of
.\"O .BR ULONG_MAX ).
.RB ( ULONG_MAX
¤ò
.B ULLONG_MAX
¤ÈÆɤßÂؤ¨¤ì¤Ð)
.BR strtoull ()
¤Ï
.BR strtoul ()
¤ÈÁ´¤¯Æ±¤¸¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.SH ¥¨¥é¡¼
.TP
.B EINVAL
.\"O (not in C99)
.\"O The given
.\"O .I base
.\"O contains an unsupported value.
(C99 ¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤)
Í¿¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿
.I base
¤¬¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ÃͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
.TP
.B ERANGE
.\"O The resulting value was out of range.
ʸ»úÎ󤬿ôÃͤÎɽ¸½Èϰϳ°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£
.LP
.\"O The implementation may also set \fIerrno\fP to \fBEINVAL\fP in case
.\"O no conversion was performed (no digits seen, and 0 returned).
¼ÂÁõ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¢Á´¤¯ÊÑ´¹¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç(Á´¤¯¿ô»ú¤¬¸½¤ì¤º¡¢
0 ¤¬ÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë)¡¢\fIerrno\fP ¤Ë \fBEINVAL\fP ¤¬¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O .SH "CONFORMING TO"
.SH ½àµò
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O conforms to SVr4, C89, C99 and POSIX-2001, and
.\"O .BR strtoull ()
.\"O to C99 and POSIX.1-2001.
.BR strtoul ()
¤Ï SVr4, C89, C99 ¤È POSIX-2001 ¤Ë½àµò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.BR strtoull ()
¤Ï C99 ¤È POSIX.1-2001 ¤Ë½àµò¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH NOTES
.SH Ãí°Õ
.\"O Since
.\"O .BR strtoul ()
.\"O can legitimately return 0 or
.\"O .B ULONG_MAX
.\"O .RB ( ULLONG_MAX
.\"O for
.\"O .BR strtoull ())
.\"O on both success and failure, the calling program should set
.\"O .I errno
.\"O to 0 before the call,
.\"O and then determine if an error occurred by checking whether
.\"O .I errno
.\"O has a nonzero value after the call.
.B strtoul ()
¤«¤é¤ÏÀ®¸ù¡¢¼ºÇԤɤÁ¤é¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤â 0 ¤ä
.B ULONG_MAX
.RB ( strtoull ()
¤Ç¤Ï
.BR ULLONG_MAX )
¤¬ÊÖ¤ë²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¢
¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï´Ø¿ô¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹Á°¤Ë
.I errno
¤ò 0 ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸å¤Ë
.I errno
¤¬ 0 °Ê³°¤ÎÃͤ«¤É¤¦¤«¤ò³Îǧ¤·¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¤«¤É¤¦¤«¤òȽÃǤ¹¤ë
ɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£

.\"O In locales other than the "C" locale, other strings may be accepted.
"C" °Ê³°¤Î¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤Î¾¤Îʸ»úÎó¤â¼õ¤±ÉÕ¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£
.\"O (For example, the thousands separator of the current locale may be
.\"O supported.)
(Î㤨¤Ð¡¢¸½ºß¤Î¥í¥±¡¼¥ë¤Î 1000 Ëè¤Î¶èÀÚ¤êʸ»ú¤ËÂбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£)
.LP
.\"O BSD also has
BSD ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢
.sp
.in +4n
.nf
.BI "u_quad_t strtouq(const char *" nptr ", char **" endptr ", int " base );
.sp
.in -4n
.fi
.\"O with completely analogous definition.
¤È¤¤¤¦´°Á´¤ËƱÍͤÎÄêµÁ¤ò»ý¤Ä´Ø¿ô¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£
.\"O Depending on the wordsize of the current architecture, this
.\"O may be equivalent to
.\"O .BR strtoull ()
.\"O or to
.\"O .BR strtoul ().
»ÈÍÑÃæ¤Î¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¤Î¥ï¡¼¥ÉĹ¼¡Âè¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤¬¡¢¤³¤Î´Ø¿ô¤Ï
.BR strtoull ()
¤ä
.BR stroul ()
¤ÈÅù²Á¤Ê¾ì¹ç¤â¤¢¤ê¤¨¤ë¡£

.\"O Negative values are considered valid input and are
.\"O silently converted to the equivalent
.\"O .I "unsigned long int"
.\"O value.
Éé¤ÎÃͤâÀµÅö¤ÊÆþÎϤȤߤʤµ¤ì¡¢¥¨¥é¡¼¤â¤Ê¤¯¡¢
Âбþ¤¹¤ë
.I "unsigned long int"
·¿¤ÎÃͤËÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH EXAMPLE
.SH Îã
.\"O See the example on the
.\"O .BR strtol (3)
.\"O manual page;
.\"O the use of the functions described in this manual page is similar.
.BR strtol (3)
¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ÎÎã¤ò»²¾È¡£
¤³¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿´Ø¿ô¤Î»ÈÍÑÊýË¡¤âƱÍͤǤ¢¤ë¡£
.\"O .SH "SEE ALSO"
.SH ´ØÏ¢¹àÌÜ
.BR atof (3),
.BR atoi (3),
.BR atol (3),
.BR strtod (3),
.BR strtol (3)