1 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.00 ====================
8 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11 Alberto Bertogli <albertogli@telpin.com.ar>
12 Anand Kumria <wildfire@progsoc.org>
13 Andrey Kiselev <dron@ak4719.spb.edu>
14 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
15 Chris Green <cmg@dok.org>
16 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
17 Emmanuel Colbus <emmanuel.colbus@ensimag.imag.fr>
18 Enrico Zini <enrico@debian.org>
19 Eric Estievenart <eric.estievenart@free.fr>
20 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
21 Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
22 Jan Kuznik <kuznik@gepro.cz>
23 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
24 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
25 John V. Belmonte <jbelmonte@debian.org>
26 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
27 Luis Javier Merino Morán <ljmerino@pandasoftware.es>
28 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
29 Richard Kreckel <Richard.Kreckel@ginac.de>
30 Vasya Pupkin <ptushnik@gmail.com>
32 Apologies if I missed anyone!
39 Many math pages had their synopses compressed, as per suggestion
44 Many minor content and formatting bug fixes were made to the math
45 pages, following suggestions from Fabian Kreutz (who recently
46 translated many of the 1.70 math pages into German) and
51 For consistency, all instances of "super-user" were changed
52 to the more common "superuser".
56 After a note from Vasya Pupkin, I added <errno.h> to the SYNOPSIS
57 of several Section 2 pages using the _syscallN() macros.
60 -- erroneous semicolons at the end of _syscallN() were removed
63 -- types such as "uint" in syscallN() declarations were changed
64 to "unsigned int", etc.
66 -- various other minor breakages in the synopses were fixed.
68 The affected pages are:
82 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
85 Changes to individual pages
86 ---------------------------
90 Added 'const' to declaration of 'my_addr' in prototype.
91 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239762.
95 Added O_NOATIME to list of flags that can be changed via F_SETFL.
97 Noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb.
99 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=108380640603164&w=2
103 Material on getrusage.2 has been separated out into its own page.
104 Rewrote discussion on RLIMIT_MEMLOCK to incorporate kernel
106 Added note on RLIMIT_CPU error in older kernels.
107 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING.
108 Also made a few other minor changes.
112 This page is new(ish) -- it was created by splitting
115 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
116 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
119 Modified after suggestion from Emmanuel Colbus
120 Changed wording of sentence under NOTES describing
121 when signals can be sent to init(1).
127 These have been consolidated into a single mlock.2 page.
128 In the process, much duplication was eliminated
129 and new information was added about RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
130 and the changes in memory locking in kernel 2.6.9,
134 Added cross-ref to setrlimit(2) concerning memory locking limits.
136 Note that MAP_FIXED replaces existing mappings
140 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
141 Added msqid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
145 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
146 Added notes on /proc files.
150 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
151 Added notes on /proc files.
155 Added O_NOATIME (new in Linux 2.6.8)
157 Reordered list of 'flags' description alphabetically
160 2004-11-03 applied patch from Martin Schulze
164 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
166 Added semid_ds and ipc_perm structure definitions.
170 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
171 Added notes on /proc files.
172 Rewrote BUGS note about semget()'s failure to initialize
177 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
178 Added notes on /proc files.
182 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
183 Updated shmid_ds structure definitions.
184 Added information on SHM_DEST and SHM_LOCKED flags.
185 Noted that CAP_IPC_LOCK is not required for SHM_UNLOCK
187 Added notes on 2.6.9 RLIMIT_MEMLOCK changes.
188 Added RLIMIT_SIGPENDING (new in Linux 2.6.8)
192 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
193 Added notes on /proc files.
197 Substantial language and formatting clean-ups.
198 Changed wording and placement of sentence regarding attachment
199 of segments marked for destruction.
203 Added mention of SIGCONT under SA_NOCLDSTOP.
205 Updated discussion for POSIX.1-2001 and SIGCHLD and sa_flags.
206 Noted that CLD_CONTINUED is supported since Linux 2.6.9.
207 Added SI_TKILL (new in Linux 2.4.19).
212 Removed text on ignoring SIGCHLD; replaced with pointer
216 After bug report from Andrey Kiselev
217 Fixed prototype: "timeout" --> "*timeout"
218 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=222145
222 Added text to clarify that S_IS*() macros should be applied to
224 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=249698
227 After Debian bug report from Anand Kumria
228 Added "no swap space signature" to EINVAL error.
230 Added EINVAL error for swapoff() ("not currently a swap area").
231 Added EBUSY error for swapon().
232 A few formatting fixes.
236 In Linux 2.6, the return value of times changed; it is no
237 longer time since boot, but rather:
239 boot_time + 2^32 / HZ - 300
241 Repaired note on SIGCHLD behavior to note that the
242 POSIX non-conformance has been fixed in 2.6.9.
243 Some formatting fixes.
246 After bug report from Johannes Berg
251 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=220741
256 Added WCONTINUED and WIFCONTINUED (new in 2.6.10).
257 Added text on SA_NOCLDSTOP.
258 Updated discussion of SA_NOCLDWAIT to reflect 2.6 behavior.
259 Much other text rewritten.
263 Rewrote this page, removing much duplicated information,
264 and replacing with pointers to wait.2.
265 Luis Javier Merino Morán / mtk
266 CONFORMING TO said "SVr4, POSIX". Changed to "4.3BSD"
273 After bug report from Branden Robinson
274 The assert() failure message goes to stderr not stdout.
275 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=284814
279 Noted that 0 in tm_mday is interpreted to mean the last day
280 of the preceding month.
283 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=229618
284 getnameinfo() does not set errno, it returns a non-zero
285 value indicating the error.
287 added EAI_OVERFLOW error
291 Minor changes to SEE ALSO and CONFORMING TO.
295 New page by Andries Brouwer
299 Change "NULL" to "empty" when talking about the value of TZ.
300 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=601
303 After bug report from Jan Kuznik
304 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=205736
305 Fixed bad realloc() use in snprintf() example
309 Added discussion of resolved_path == NULL.
312 After bug report from John V. Belmonte
313 Updated init and quit scripts to reflect kernel 2.4/2.6 reality
314 (Scripts taken from drivers/char/random.c)
315 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=247779
319 Updated description of /proc/loadavg to include
320 nr_running(), nr_threads, last_pid.
322 rtsig-max and rtsig-nr went away in 2.6.8
324 updated statm, and fixed error in order of list
327 applied patch from Martin Schulze
331 Added O_NOATIME for CAP_FOWNER
334 Karel Kulhavy and AEB
335 Formatting fix after note from Karel Kulhavy and AEB, plus a
340 /proc/sys/kernel/rtsig-* were superseded by RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
345 Updated details of interaction of TCP_CORK and TCP_NODELAY.
347 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.01 ====================
354 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
355 been incorporated in changes in this release:
357 Carsten Hey <c.hey@web.de>
358 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.de>
359 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
360 Marek Habersack <grendel@debian.org>
361 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
362 Matthew Dempsky <jivera@flame.org>
363 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@orcon.net.nz>
364 Pedro Zorzenon Neto <pzn@terra.com.br>
365 Tony Crawford <tony@klosterdorf.de>
367 Apologies if I missed anyone!
384 triggered by http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=283179
385 The wording describing how errno is set was fixed up in these pages.
387 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
390 Changes to individual pages
391 ---------------------------
395 Adjusted descriptions of argument file types to be closer to
397 Wording and formatting changes.
402 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=270817
403 Formulae on the pages should be T = S / C not T = C / S.
407 Removed errno declaration from prototype, added notes
408 on historical need for this declaration.
409 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=174175
412 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=224953
413 Changed erroneous "aio_return(2)" to "aio_return(3)".
421 Added description of ptsname_r().
426 New link to ptsname.3.
430 add <fcntl.h> to synopsis
431 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=271243
438 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=234443
442 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
443 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=213538
447 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=276248
449 Changed range for "%S" from 0..61 to 0..60.
451 SUSv3 says 0..60. I think the manual page probably says
452 0..61, because that's what SUSv2 said.
453 (Some other implementations' man pages also say 0..61 --
454 e.g., Solaris 8 & 9, Tru64 5.1B; FreeBSD 5.1 says 0..60.)
456 The glibc manual currently says 0..60.
458 Given that SUSv3 says 0..60, I've changed the
459 manual page to also say this:
461 -The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61).
462 +The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60).
463 +(The range is up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.)
467 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=226974
468 -.BR POSIX2_FORT_RUN " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
469 +.BR POSIX2_FORT_DEV " - " _SC_2_FORT_DEV
473 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=242638
474 Noted use of _XOPEN_SOURCE to get macros from <stdlib.h>
478 Changed name of argument from 'string' to 'command' (like POSIX).
480 Noted that glibc does nowadays explicitly check for the existence
481 of the shell if 'command' is NULL, rather than the older behavior
482 of assuming the shell exists and always returning 1 if
485 Other wording and formatting clean-ups.
488 Remove some functions names that *are* documented.
491 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.02 ====================
498 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
499 been incorporated in changes in this release:
501 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
502 Branden Robinson <branden@debian.org>
503 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
504 David Lloyd <dmlloyd@tds.net>
505 Gordon Jin <gordon.jin@intel.com>
506 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
507 Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>
509 Kai Makisara <Kai.Makisara@kolumbus.fi>
510 Marko Kohtala <marko.kohtala@gmail.com>
511 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
512 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
513 Matthias Lang <matthias@corelatus.se>
514 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
515 Michael Mühlebach <michael@anduin.ch>
516 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
517 Sasa Stevanovic <mg94c18@alas.matf.bg.ac.yu>
518 Serguei Leontiev <leo@sai.msu.ru>
520 Apologies if I missed anyone!
529 Martin (Joey) Schulze
530 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent newctime(3).
531 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=236884
533 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
536 Changes to individual pages
537 ---------------------------
541 Noted the PID caching behavior of NPTL's getpid()
544 Added futex(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2),
545 tkill(2) under SEE ALSO.
550 Improved various error descriptions.
553 David Lloyd / Mike Frysinger, Marko Kohtala
554 Added EINTR to errors.
558 Improved discussion of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG with respect to
559 multi-threaded programs.
560 Generally cleaned up the discussion of F_SETOWN.
562 Updated CONFORMING TO to note that F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN are
567 Noted discrepancy between Linux and POSIX.1 when oldpath
569 See: http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=367
570 and: http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mailarchives/ag/msg08152.html
573 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to link
574 across mount points, even if the mount points refer to the same
578 mtk, after note from Gordon Jin
582 As per message from Serguei Leontiev
583 Removed SVr2, AT&T, and BSD from CONFORMING TO, since
584 a pipe on those systems is actually bidirectional.
585 (Pipes are implemented as STREAMS on the former, and
586 sockets on the latter.)
590 Noted kernel version where posix_fadvise() appeared and
591 noted bug in handling of 'len' in kernels < 2.6.6.
595 Clarified EXDEV error description: it isn't possible to rename
596 a file across mount points, even if the mount points refer to
597 the same file system.
601 Noted kernel version numbers for semtimedop().
605 Noted MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling.
606 Added note about treatment of out-of-range tv_usec values.
609 Johan Walles, Martin (Joey) Schulze
610 Added sigqueue.2 to SEE ALSO.
614 Added notes on non-standard behavior: Linux allows 'buf' to
615 be NULL, but POSIX.1 doesn't specify this and it's non-portable.
619 Improved DESCRIPTION; clarified distinction between
624 bcopy() handles overlapping case, but memcpy() does not,
625 so for consistency memmove() should be also mentioned.
628 Martin (Joey) Schulze
629 New link to man3/getmntent.3.
632 Small wording change after suggestion from Sasa Stevanovic.
636 Created as link to strstr.3.
640 Noted that SUSv2 allowed a range of 00 to 61 for %S specifier.
644 Added description of strcasestr().
648 Improved description of read from /dev/urandom.
658 Mention the .URL macro more verbosely.
661 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.03 ====================
668 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
669 been incorporated in changes in this release:
671 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
672 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
673 Johannes Nicolai <johannes.nicolai@hpi.uni-potsdam.de>
674 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
675 Klaus Ethgen <Klaus@Ethgen.de>
676 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
677 Ross Boylan <RossBoylan@stanfordalumni.org>
678 Vincent Fourmond <vincent.fourmond@9online.fr>
680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
691 Change `ttys(4)' to `ttyS(4)'.
693 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
696 Changes to individual pages
697 ---------------------------
701 Substantially enhanced discussion of CLONE_THREAD.
703 Added CLONE_SYSVSEM, CLONE_UNTRACED, CLONE_STOPPED.
709 Noted effect of ptracing when execing a set-UID program.
712 Johannes Nicolai / mtk
713 Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4
716 Added text on permissions required to send signal to owner.
720 Noted that lock conversions are not atomic.
724 ru_nswap has never contained useful information.
725 Kernel 2.6.6 clarified that with a patch
726 ("[PATCH] eliminate nswap and cnswap"). See also:
727 http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0404.1/0720.html
731 Clarified wording of the 'pid == -1' case.
735 Added MNT_EXPIRE, plus a few other tidy-ups.
739 Added text to note that sched_setaffinity() will migrate the
740 affected process to one of the specified CPUs if necessary.
742 Added a NOTE to point out that the affinity mask is actually a
743 per-thread attribute that can be adjusted independently for
744 each thread in a thread group.
748 Noted aberrant Linux behavior with respect to new attaches to a
749 segment that has already been marked for deletion.
751 Noted changes in permissions required for SHM_LOCK/SHM_UNLOCK.
755 Noted that the __W* flags can't be used with waitid().
759 Added _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION.
762 Ross Boylan / Martin Schulze
763 various changes as per
764 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=304242
768 Minor changes to discussion of /proc/PID/stat signal fields.
769 Added 'rt_priority' and 'policy' to /proc/PID/stat.
773 1,$s/inherited/inheritable/g
776 Vincent Fourmond / Joey (Martin) Schulze
777 Removed discussion of `[[:<:]]' and `[[:>:]]' since they do
778 not seem to be in the glibc implementation.
779 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295666
782 Joey (Martin) Schulze / Klaus Ethgen
783 The default zoneinfo directory is now /usr/share/zoneinfo.
784 (was: /usr/local/etc/zoneinfo)
785 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=267471
788 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.04 ====================
795 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
796 been incorporated in changes in this release:
798 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
799 Baurjan Ismagulov <ibr@ata.cs.hun.edu.tr>
800 Dave Love <d.love@dl.ac.uk>
801 Dieter Brueggemann <dieter.brueggemann@entitec.de>
802 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
803 Guido Trotter <ultrotter@debian.org>
804 kabloom <kabloom@ucdavis.edu>
805 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
806 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
807 Mike Furr <mfurr@debian.org>
808 Olivier Croquette <ocroquette@free.fr>
809 Olivier Guilyardi <ylf@xung.org>
810 Peter Cordes <peter@llama.nslug.ns.ca>
811 Philipp Spitzer <philipp@toastfreeware.priv.at>
812 Tanaka Akira <akr@m17n.org>
813 Thierry Excoffier <exco@bat710.univ-lyon1.fr>
814 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
815 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
816 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
818 Apologies if I missed anyone!
825 For consistency across pages:
827 1,$s/nonzero/non-zero/g
829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
838 An overview of the Linux implementations of POSIX threads.
841 Changes to individual pages
842 ---------------------------
846 Various minor changes.
850 BUGS: In kernels < 2.6.9, EPOLL_CTL_DEL required a non-NULL
851 'event', even though this argument is ignored.
852 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306517
856 Clarified semantics of relationship between flock() locks
857 and open file entries and file descriptors.
858 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=291121
861 Olivier Croquette, Thierry Excoffier
862 Noted the existence of the short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy).
866 RLIMIT_RSS only has affect "in 2.4.x", not "in 2.4 and later".
870 Since Linux 2.6, the ru_nvcsw and ru_nivcsw fields are used.
874 Rewrote description of return value.
875 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=296183
879 O_DIRECT needs _GNU_SOURCE.
881 O_ASYNC works for pipes and FIFOs in Linux 2.6.
886 Various minor changes.
890 Various minor changes.
893 mtk / Philipp Spitzer
894 Fix description of return value.
895 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308359
899 Changed (char *) to (void *) in example.
900 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=313607
904 Make log(3) SEE ALSO log1p(3),
905 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=309578
909 Fix description of RETURN VALUE for makecontext(),
910 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311800
914 Various minor changes.
918 Small fix to a code example,
919 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=194842
923 When specifying resolved_path as NULL, realpath()
924 will (still) only allocate up to PATH_MAX bytes.
925 Plus other minor changes.
926 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=239424
930 The required header file for these functions on Linux is <netdb.h>,
931 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=311680
935 Arg for %p is a pointer to _a pointer to_ void,
936 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263109
940 freopen() can change the descriptors associated with
941 stdin/stdout/stderr, as per
942 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=295859
946 strerror_r(3) requires #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600,
947 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=290880
951 Fix typo: "_SC_2_DEV" should be "_SC_2_C_DEV".
955 Added pointers under /proc/sys/net to tcp.7 and ip.7.
959 Various wording and formatting fixes.
960 Reordered /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* file descriptions alphabetically.
963 Dieter Brueggemann / mtk
964 Fixes to the discussion of SIOCATMARK and tcp_stdurg.
966 Various wording and formatting fixes.
967 Incorporated some new /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_* file descriptions
968 from the 2.6.12 source file Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt.
971 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.05 ====================
978 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
979 been incorporated in changes in this release:
981 A Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
982 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
983 Bas Zoetekouw <bas@debian.org>
984 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
985 Delian Krustev <krustev@krustev.net>
986 Dora Anna Volgyesi <volgyesi@elte.hu>
987 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
988 Ove Kaaven <ovek@arcticnet.no>
990 Apologies if I missed anyone!
995 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
996 places. (Special thanks to A Costa.)
999 Changes to individual pages
1000 ---------------------------
1004 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1009 Clarified what type of lock close() affects.
1010 Minor formatting changes.
1014 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1015 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1016 Removed mention of lock sharing -- it was not accurate.
1017 Minor formatting fixes.
1021 Consistent use of terms "open file description",
1022 "file status flags", and "file descriptor flags".
1023 Some rewriting of discussion of file descriptor flags
1024 Under F_DUPFD, replaced some text duplicated in dup.2
1025 with a cross ref to dup.2
1026 Minor wording and formatting fixes.
1029 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze / Bas Zoetekouw
1030 The return value of isinf() changed in glibc 2.02
1031 to differentiate positive and negative infinity.
1032 See: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285765
1037 Remove confusing text describing real and effective IDs.
1038 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=285852
1042 The short sleep bug (up to 1 jiffy) that was newly noted in
1043 man-pages-2.04 has just been fixed in 2.6.12.
1047 Changed range documented in main text from -20..20 to -20..19.
1048 Noted that the range is -20..20 on some systems.
1052 Clarification of term "open file description" along with
1053 explanation of what information it maintains.
1054 Other wording improvements.
1055 Various minor wording changes.
1059 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1062 Noted use of atexit() for establishing function to be invoked on
1063 shared library unload.
1064 Noted that atexit()-registered functions are not invoked on
1065 abnormal termination.
1070 Reversed 2.04 introduction of the term "process termination
1073 Minor rewording and formatting changes.
1077 Added #define _BSD_SOURCE to prototype.
1080 Martin (Joey) Schulze
1085 Added definition of Linux dirent structure.
1086 Some formatting cleanups.
1089 Dora Anna Volgyesi / mtk
1090 strtold() and strtof() need _ISOC99_SOURCE or _XOPEN_SOURCE=600
1091 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=246668
1095 New link to tsearch.3.
1099 Added tdestroy to .TH line.
1103 Change "chown root:mem /dev/mem" to "chown root:kmem /dev/mem".
1107 Change "chown root:mem /dev/null /dev/zero" to
1108 "chown root:root /dev/null /dev/zero".
1111 Dan Jacobson / Martin (Joey) Schulze
1112 Replaced "selection(1)" by "gpm(8)" under SEE ALSO
1113 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=253515
1117 SA_SIGACTION should be SA_SIGINFO
1118 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=305369
1125 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.06 ====================
1127 Released: 2005-07-15
1132 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1133 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1135 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1136 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1137 Bhavesh P Davda <bhavesh@avaya.com>
1138 Clau Weber <claus@jambit.com>
1139 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1140 David Lloyd <dlloyd@microbits.com.au>
1141 Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@gmail.com>
1142 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1143 Lars Wirzenius <liw@iki.fi>
1144 Martin Pool <mbp@sourcefrog.net>
1145 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1146 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
1147 Steven Murdoch <Steven.Murdoch@cl.cam.ac.uk>
1148 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1150 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1155 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1158 Many uses of hyphens and dashes were corrected.
1164 canonicalize_file_name.3
1172 AFAIK, this system call has never actually done anything (other
1173 than be a stub) on any Unix.
1175 Changes to individual pages
1176 ---------------------------
1180 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1184 Minor formatting changes
1188 Various minor wording improvements; some formatting fixes
1192 Various wording and formatting fixes.
1196 s/positive/non-negative/ [for file descriptor]
1200 Documented RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE limit.
1201 RLIMIT_RSS ceased to have any effect in 2.4 in kernel 2.4.30.
1202 (It already didn't have any effect in 2.2.x and 2.6.x.)
1203 s/MADVISE_WILLNEED/MADV_WILLNEED/
1207 Removed historic comment on BSD backlog ceiling.
1208 Minor wording and formatting changes.
1212 Added BUG: in some circumstances, a process that is
1213 waiting for a semaphore to become zero is not not woken
1214 up when the value does actually reach zero.
1215 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110260821123863&w=2
1216 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=110261701025794&w=2
1220 Various minor wording improvements
1224 Added mkdir(2) to discussion, made term "file mode creation
1226 Various, mostly small, wording changes
1230 Change description for ESTALE
1231 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=237344
1237 Added SEE ALSO putgrent(3)
1238 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=211336
1244 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1245 Replace mention of /etc/{passwd,group} by references to
1246 "passwd/group database", and LDAP and NIS.
1247 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1249 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1250 Consistent DESCRIPTION and ERRORS wording across these pages.
1254 Relocate misplaced text describing gai_strerror().
1258 s/endservent/endnetent/
1259 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316517
1262 Lars Wirzenius / mtk
1263 Replace mention of /etc/shadow by references to
1264 "shadow password database", and LDAP and NIS.
1265 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=316117
1267 Miscellaneous wording improvements
1268 Consistent DESCRIPTION wording vis-a-vis getpwnam.3 etc.
1272 Fix hsearch_r() prototype
1276 Fix description of RETURN VALUE
1277 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=317037
1279 various parts substantially rewritten; added description of
1280 %n$ form; various text incorporated from the GNU C library
1281 documentation ((C) The Free Software Foundation).
1285 Modified details of how user and group ownership of a new
1287 Various minor wording and formatting cleanups.
1291 tweaked the short description to include definition of 'ELF'
1292 add ELFOSABI_NONE to the ELFOSABI_ list
1293 tweak/add more machines to EM_ list for ehdr->e_machine
1294 fix indenting to be consistent
1295 tweak the display of the ELF_ST_* macros
1296 document the Elf_Dyn structure
1300 Updated discussion of /proc/stat.
1301 Added text on the /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1305 Change protocol in UDP prototype.
1306 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=182635
1310 The first sentence under NOTES about SO_KEEPALIVE and SIGPIPE
1311 makes no grammatical sense (and possibly also no technical sense).
1312 It has been removed.
1315 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.07 ====================
1317 Released: 2005-07-19
1322 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1323 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1325 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1326 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1328 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1335 The terms "set-user-ID" and "set-group-ID" are now used
1336 consistently (no abbreviations) across all manual pages.
1340 Consistent use of "saved set-user-ID" and "saved set-group-ID"
1341 (no more "saved user ID", "saved effective UID",
1342 saved group ID", etc.)
1346 Global fixes in textual descriptions:
1355 Consistent use of st_atime, st_ctime, st_mtime, with
1356 explanatory text, instead of atime/ctime/mtime.
1360 Classical BSD versions are now always named x.yBSD (formerly
1361 there was a mix of x.yBSD and BSD x.y).
1363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1367 Changes to individual pages
1368 ---------------------------
1376 Improve description of st_dev and st_rdev.
1378 Various wording and formatting improvements.
1382 Some formatting fixes
1385 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.08 ====================
1387 Released: 2005-09-21
1392 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1393 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1395 Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
1396 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1397 Andrew Pimlott <andrew@pimlott.net>
1398 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1399 Baurzhan Ismagulov <ibr@radix50.net>
1400 Bernhard R. Link <brlink@debian.org>
1401 Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
1402 David N. Welton <davidw@eidetix.com>
1403 Dov Murik <dov@dv-networks.com>
1404 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
1405 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
1406 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
1407 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
1408 Ludovic Courtes <ludovic.courtes@laas.fr>
1409 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
1410 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
1411 Norbert Buchmuller <norbi.spam@nix.hu>
1412 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
1413 Ramiro Aceves <ea1abz@gmail.com>
1414 Tommy Pettersson <ptp@lysator.liu.se>
1415 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
1417 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1424 RFC references are now always written as "RFC\ nnn"
1425 (not "RFC nnn" or "RFCnnn").
1427 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1431 Changes to individual pages
1432 ---------------------------
1436 To get an effect like "-h", BLOCKSIZE must start with "human",
1441 s/standard output/standard error/
1445 Fix small error in description of CLONE_PARENT_SETTID
1450 See http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/12/254
1454 Expanded discussion of relationship between user and kernel
1455 representations of the nice value.
1457 Added discussion of RLIMIT_NICE and a cross reference to
1458 getrlimit.2 under the description of the EACCES error.
1460 Noted 2.6.12 change in credentials checking for setpriority().
1464 Added description of RLIMIT_RTPRIO
1466 Added description of RLIMIT_NICE
1470 Noted bug in MAP_POPULATE for kernels before 2.6.7.
1474 Added _GNU_SOURCE to prototype.
1475 Rewrote description of MREMAP_MAYMOVE.
1476 Rewrote description of EAGAIN error.
1477 Added discussion of resizing of memory locks.
1478 Added entries to SEE ALSO.
1479 Some formatting fixes.
1483 Added IPC_INFO, MSG_INFO, MSG_STAT descriptions.
1487 Add to prototype: define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309
1488 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=314435
1492 Added sentence noting that range of the nice value is described
1494 Added cross-reference to setrlimit(2) for discussion on
1498 David N. Welton / Justin Pryzby / mtk
1499 Clarified the order of value and port arguments;
1500 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=263756
1504 Added SEE ALSO for sigsuspend.2
1505 Some formatting fixes.
1509 nfds should be prototyped as nfds_t
1510 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=322934
1513 Some wording and formatting improvements.
1517 Since kernel 2.6.13 PR_SET_DUMPABLE can also have the value 2.
1521 Remove misleading text describing FreeBSD's sranddev() function.
1522 As per debian bug 328629
1526 Added LINUX NOTES on trickery performed by glibc when
1527 vector size exceeds IOV_MAX.
1529 Formatting clean-ups.
1533 Added text to note that start and size are both rounded downward.
1537 Modified discussion of privileges; added pointer to
1538 sched_setscheduler.2 for a discussion of privileges and
1541 sched_setscheduler.2
1543 Modified discussion of privileges; added discussion of RLIMIT_RTPRIO.
1547 Added IPC_INFO, SEM_INFO, SEM_STAT descriptions.
1551 Added IPC_INFO, SHM_INFO, SHM_STAT descriptions.
1555 Split sigpending(), sigprocmask(), and sigsuspend() out
1556 into separate new pages.
1561 NOTES: described SA_NODEFER / sa_mask bug which was present in
1562 all kernels up to and including 2.6.13.
1563 See http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112360948603171&w=2
1564 and http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112362164911432&w=2
1566 Subject: Signal handling possibly wrong
1567 From: Bodo Stroesser
1568 Date: 2005-08-09 17:44:06
1572 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1573 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2
1577 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1578 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1582 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1583 Added text on effect of NULL for 'set' argument.
1584 Added text noting effect of ignoring SIGBUS, SIGFPE, SIGILL,
1586 Noted that sigprocmask() can't be used in multithreaded process.
1587 Fixed EINVAL error diagnostic.
1588 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1592 New page created by splitting out from sigaction.2
1593 Added NOTES on usage.
1594 Added new text to DESCRIPTION.
1595 Changed CONFORMING TO.
1599 Improve st_blocks description.
1604 One has carg(z) = atan(creal(z) / cimag(z))
1606 One has tan(carg(z)) = cimag(z) / creal(z)
1608 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=326720
1612 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1616 s/-nostartupfiles/-nostartfiles/
1620 Nowadays (since 2.3.4) glibc only sets the first ai_canonname
1621 field if AI_CANONNAME was specified (the current behavior
1622 is all that SUSv3 requires).
1626 Added descriptions of AI_ALL, AI_ADDRCONFIG, AI_V4MAPPED,
1629 Some wording and formatting fixes.
1632 Bernhard R. Link / mtk
1633 Add NOTES text describing relationship of pw_dir and HOME and
1634 pointing out that applications should preferentially inspect HOME.
1638 Mention "little endian" and "big endian".
1639 Added note about octal and hex interpretation of
1640 numbers-and-dots notation.
1643 mtk / Ludovic Courtes
1644 Commented out references to rpc_secure(3) -- we don't currently
1645 have such a page in the man-pages set.
1646 In response to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=325115
1650 glibc 2.3.4 fixed the "name contains '='" bug.
1654 Added "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to prototype.
1657 Norbert Buchmuller / mtk
1658 Added text noting that the use or real-root-dev for changing
1659 the root device is obsolete, in favor of pivot root.
1660 (However, the page still needs to be rewritten to actually
1661 describe the pivot_root method...)
1662 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=323621
1666 Improve text describing /proc/sys/fs/mqueue/* files.
1668 Describe /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (new in 2.6.13).
1670 Added placeholder mention of /proc/zoneinfo (new in 2.6.13).
1671 More needs to be said about this file.
1673 Repaired earlier cut and paste mistake which resulted
1674 in part of the text of this page being duplicated.
1678 Added text on biarch details for ut_session and ut_tv.
1682 Added CAP_AUDIT_CONTROL and CAP_AUDIT_WRITE.
1685 mtk / Andrew Pimlott
1686 Add a couple of words to make it clear that port is a 16-bit number.
1687 Reformat long source lines (no text changed).
1689 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1692 Fix discussion of IPC_RECVTTL / IP_TTL.
1696 Updated SEE ALSO to reflect splitting of sigaction.2 into
1697 sigaction.2, sigsuspend.2, sigpending.2, sigprocmask.2.
1701 Clarified details of use of SO_PEERCRED.
1705 s/SOL_TCP/IPPROTO_TCP/ (POSIX standard name)
1706 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1710 Added description of UDP_CORK socket option.
1712 s/SOL_UDP/IPPROTO_UDP/ (POSIX standard name)
1713 s/SOL_IP/IPPROTO_IP/ (POSIX standard name)
1716 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.09 ====================
1718 Released: 2005-10-13
1723 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1724 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1726 Justin Pryzby <pryzbyj@justinpryzby.com>
1727 Peter Chubb <peterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au>
1728 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
1729 Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb@sourcepole.ch>
1730 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
1732 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1746 Added SEE ALSO for new pty.7 page.
1748 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1757 Overview of Unix 98 and BSD pseudo-terminals.
1760 Changes to individual pages
1761 ---------------------------
1765 Remove "-V" option (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1768 Peter Chubb / Trond Myklebust / mtk
1769 Since kernel 2.6.10, a read lease can only be placed on a
1770 file descriptor that is opened read-only.
1771 See the following LKML thread of Aug 2005
1772 ("fcntl(F GETLEASE) semantics??"):
1773 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112371777712197&w=2
1774 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112374818213000&w=2
1775 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112376335305284&w=2
1776 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112377294030092&w=2
1780 Add new text to ENOMEM error.
1784 Added description of MREMAP_FIXED and 'new_address' argument
1786 Revised text of EINVAL error.
1789 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1790 read() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1792 Added open(2) to SEE ALSO.
1796 s/int/size_t/ for type of 'size' argument (fix from
1797 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1800 Samuel Thibault / mtk
1801 write() can fail with EINVAL when using O_DIRECT
1805 Fix: s/acosh/atanh/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1809 Improved "a+" description (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1813 s/getrpcent/setrpcent/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1817 Removed references to fropen() and fwopen(), which are
1818 BSDisms that don't appear in glibc.
1819 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=331174
1823 Typo fix: %Ry ==> %Ey [SUSv3 mentions...] (fix from
1824 Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1828 s/network/networks/ (fix from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1832 Added description of /proc/sys/vm/legacy_va_layout.
1836 Update description of SO_RCVLOWAT and SO_SNDLOWAT.
1837 (fix derived from Fedora man-pages-2.07-7).
1840 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.10 ====================
1842 Released: 2005-10-19
1847 The changes in this release consist *solely* of formatting fixes, with
1848 the aim bringing greater consistency to the manual pages according to
1849 the following rules:
1851 -- Function name references should *always* be followed by
1852 parentheses, "()" (possibly containing a manual page section
1855 -- The parentheses following a function name should *not* be
1856 formatted. Thus, for example, instead of:
1864 Much of the change was automated using two scripts:
1865 add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh and unformat_parens.sh.
1866 For the (possible) benefit of downstream manual page maintainers and
1867 translators, I have placed these scripts in a new subdirectory 'scripts'.
1869 NOTE THE FOLLOWING POINTS WELL:
1871 -- These scripts provide a computer-assisted solution to the above
1872 two goals. However, they are not perfect, and their output should
1873 be scanned by a human. (To see what changes the two scripts
1874 *would* make, without making them, use the "-n" command line option.)
1876 -- The scripts do not fix all instances that violate the above rules:
1877 some manual fixes are required. Two further scripts are provided
1878 to help find remaining instances of function names without
1879 following "()": find_dots_no_parens.sh and find_slashes_no_parens.sh.
1881 The following changes were made:
1883 -- add_parens_for_own_funcs.sh was applied to the pages in Sections
1886 -- unformat_parens.sh was applied to pages in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 7
1887 (the only sections where such changes were required).
1889 -- further changes (not so very many) were performed by hand.
1890 (found places to fix with the assistance of find_dots_no_parens.sh
1891 and find_slashes_no_parens.sh).
1894 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.11 ====================
1896 Released: 2005-10-24
1901 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1902 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1904 Alain PORTAL <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
1906 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1913 Most instances of the constant "NULL" are not formatted (bolded) in
1914 man pages, but a few are. For consistency, formatting on "NULL" has
1915 been removed where it occurred.
1917 Many minor formatting fixes were made.
1919 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1923 Changes to individual pages
1924 ---------------------------
1928 Added EINVAL error for rlim_cur > rlim_max when calling setrlimit().
1932 Repaired discussion of capabilities and file system UID, which
1933 mistakenly had involved exec() in the discussion.
1937 Removed text saying there is no library interface. There
1942 Minor change to RETURN VALUE text.
1953 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.12 ====================
1955 Released: 2005-10-31
1960 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
1961 been incorporated in changes in this release:
1963 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
1964 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
1965 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
1966 herbert <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
1967 Martin Landers <martin.landers@treibgut.net>
1968 Michael Benedict <benedict@starbak.net>
1970 Apologies if I missed anyone!
1975 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
1979 Changes to individual pages
1980 ---------------------------
1984 Reworded text around PAGESIZE, noting also that
1985 sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) can be used.
1989 Removed words "as well" (added in 2.11) from the phrase
1990 "and it gets these last five capabilities if its fsuid is 0 as well"
1991 since there are (unusual) situations in which fsuid can be 0 while
1992 the effective UID is not.
1994 Reworked (cut down) discussion of capabilities, moving part of
1995 it into capabilities.7
1999 Add text to note that setresuid() always modifies the file
2000 system UID, and setresgid() likewise always modifies the file
2005 Added (brief) description of SHM_HUGETLB.
2008 mtk / Martin Landers
2009 Noted that ss_sp is automatically aligned by the kernel.
2012 Brian M. Carlson / herbert
2013 Change <netinet/in.h> to <arpa/inet.h> in prototype; add text
2014 explaining that some systems need the former header.
2015 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=265244
2019 Reworked part of the discussion of exec() and capabilities.
2020 Added sub-section "Effect of User ID Changes on Capabilities".
2021 Reworked discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN and file-max.
2024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.13 ====================
2026 Released: 2005-11-03
2028 This release consists entirely of formatting and typographical fixes.
2033 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2038 Function and page cross references that were italicized were
2039 made bold (which is how the majority of function and page
2040 cross references were already done).
2044 Instances of things like "NULL-terminated string" were changed to
2045 "null-terminated string".
2049 Pathnames, structures, arguments, and <header-files> that were
2050 bold were changed to italics.
2054 Instances of the constant "NULL" that were bold-faced were made
2055 unformatted (which is how most instances of "NULL" were already
2059 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.14 ====================
2061 Released: 2005-11-17
2066 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2067 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2069 Angelo <ang3l0@katamail.com>
2070 Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@nit.ca>
2071 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2072 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2073 Stefan Brüns <stefan.bruens@rwth-aachen.de>
2074 Volker Reichelt <reichelt@igpm.rwth-aachen.de>
2076 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2081 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2089 This page is taken as is from the FreeBSD 5.4 distribution.
2090 (Not checked against Linux reality, but likely things are
2092 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=336875
2094 Changes to individual pages
2095 ---------------------------
2099 Updated discussion about lack of prototype in glibc.
2103 Improved description of E2BIG error: it relates to the sum
2104 of the bytes in both environment and argument list.
2108 Clarified parts of the discussion of file leases,
2109 noting effect of open(O_NONBLOCK), interruption
2110 by signal handler, or termination by signal in
2111 lease breaker. In response to
2112 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2116 Added LINUX NOTES describing nanosecond timestamps.
2119 Volker Reichelt / mtk
2120 Fixed to point out that that frexp() returns a number whose
2121 *absolute* value is >= 0.5 and < 1. Amended the example
2122 program to demonstrate this.
2125 mtk / Avery Pennarun
2126 Add EWOULDBLOCK error for file leases.
2128 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=339037
2132 Although the glibc implementation returns -1 on error (and some
2133 other man pages (e.g., the BSDs) also document that value for
2134 error returns), SUSv3 merely says "non-zero" (and this is
2135 what manual pages on many implementations also say).
2139 Formerly, the page said that all systems declare memalign() in
2140 <malloc.h>. In fact, many declare it in <stdlib.h>.
2144 Almost a complete rewrite after Angelo pointed out
2145 that the existing page was deficient.
2149 Remove SEE ALSO for nonexistent scsi.4.
2153 Updated discussion of /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max.
2157 Added pthreads.7 to SEE ALSO.
2161 Fix typo: s/LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT/LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT/
2164 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.15 ====================
2166 Released: 2005-11-30
2171 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2172 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2174 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2175 James Vega <jamessan@debian.org>
2176 Malcolm Scott <mas90@io.malc.org.uk>
2177 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2179 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2190 sigvec.3 -- for details, see below.
2192 sigset.3 -- for details, see below.
2194 Changes to individual pages
2195 ---------------------------
2199 Added text describing the 2.6.[0-7] EPERM bug that occurred
2200 when sending signals to a process group.
2204 Noted that si_signo is unused on Linux.
2208 Added BUGS noting wrapper function problem that existed
2209 in glibc versions <= 2.2.1.
2213 Moved to section 3; see also sigpause.3 below.
2217 Added a GLIBC NOTES section describing sigisemptyset(),
2218 sigandset(), and sigorset().
2223 These pages have been deleted, and replaced by a new sigvec.3
2224 man page that more fully describes the BSD signal API.
2230 These links to the now-deleted sigblock.2 have been also been
2231 deleted. They are replaced by corresponding links in Section 3:
2232 sigmask.3, sigsetmask.3, siggetmask.3.
2236 This new page is provides a fuller description of the
2237 BSD signal API than was provided in the now-deleted sigvec.2
2245 Created as links to sigvec.3.
2249 Moved here from Section 2.
2251 Some minor wording fixes; clarified System V origins of
2252 X/Open flavor of this function.
2256 New page describing the System V signal API: sigset(), sighold(),
2257 sigrelse(), sigignore().
2261 Add further text clarifying that %+ specifier is not supported in
2264 Added GLIBC NOTES section describing optional 'flag' and 'width'
2265 components of conversion specifiers.
2266 Some wording changes to bring terminology closer to SUSv3.
2267 Added an example program.
2271 Add as new link to vm86.2.
2275 Added a few words to reflect the fact that several of the section
2276 7 pages provide overviews of various topics.
2280 Added some SEE ALSO entries.
2284 Added text noting that select()/poll() do not respect SO_RCVLOWAT.
2288 s/tcp_socket/udp_socket/ in example
2289 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=340927
2292 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.16 ====================
2294 Released: 2005-12-02
2299 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2300 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2302 Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
2303 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2304 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2306 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2311 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2315 Changes to individual pages
2316 ---------------------------
2320 Added instructions for finding maintainer in Debian package.
2324 Added NOTES about INFTIM constant provided on some other
2329 The -1 error return of shmat() should be cast "(void *)".
2333 Remove junk text (actually intended as source code comment
2338 Fix a typo: s/SOCK_RAW/SOCK_PACKET/
2342 Clarification: s%SOCK_PACKET%PF_INET/SOCK_PACKET%
2345 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.17 ====================
2347 Released: 2005-12-13
2352 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2353 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2355 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2356 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
2357 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2358 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2360 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2366 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2375 New documentation for the glibc-specific fmemopen() and
2376 open_memstream(). Based on glibc info page.
2379 mtk (with prompting and suggestions for improvements by
2381 New page providing overview of pipes and FIFOs.
2384 Changes to individual pages
2385 ---------------------------
2389 Added notes on how to write example programs for manual pages.
2393 Added pointers to examples of fork() in wait.2 and pipe.2.
2397 Added an example program.
2398 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2402 Added example program demonstrating use of fork() and waitpid().
2406 Delete line that should have been deleted when applying
2407 2.08 fix for this page.
2411 Rearranged EAI_* list alphabetically.
2415 Added GLIBC NOTES describing feature test macros required
2416 to expose declaration of inet_aton().
2420 New link to new fmemopen.3.
2424 Added SEE ALSO for new pipe.7 page.
2428 Removed BROWSER, since it seems not in fact to be common.
2432 Added documentation of SO_TIMESTAMP.
2436 Noted 200 millisecond ceiling imposed on TCP_CORK.
2440 Rearranged options into something approximating alphabetical order.
2443 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.18 ====================
2445 Released: 2005-12-15
2450 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2451 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2453 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
2454 Karsten Sperling <karsten.sperling@stud.uni-karlsruhe.de>
2455 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2456 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2457 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2459 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2465 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2469 Changes to individual pages
2470 ---------------------------
2474 Added mention of AF_INET6 address family.
2475 Added discussion of sockaddr structure and an example in the
2480 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2484 Added cross-reference from discussion of MSG_MORE to UDP_CORK
2487 Put 'flags' list in alphabetical order.
2491 Added CONFORMING TO section noting that these are
2492 non-standard BSDisms.
2496 Added SEE ALSO for err.3.
2497 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2500 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
2501 Added references to nsswitch.conf(5); remove cross references
2503 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=308397
2507 Added SEE ALSO for err.3 .
2508 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2511 mtk / Martin (Joey) Schulze
2512 Remove cross references to resolv+(8); add cross references to
2514 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=214892
2516 Added SEE ALSO entry for resolver(5);
2517 see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=251122
2521 Rewrote and extended the discussion of the two flavors of
2522 strerror_r(), and added some additional information on
2525 Added SEE ALSO for err.3, as per
2526 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=306867
2531 Fix three typos in identifier names.
2535 The + operator should be in the list of unary operators.
2539 Small wording changes around discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2540 Fixed a couple of wording errors elsewhere.
2541 Reformatted some long lines.
2544 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2545 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2547 Reformatted some long lines.
2549 Noted the Linux-specific feature whereby setsockopt() doubles
2550 the value given for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2552 Noted kernel-imposed minimum values for SO_SNDBUF and SO_RCVBUF.
2555 mtk, after a note by Stefan Puiu
2556 Updated discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT.
2560 Added new (UN)SUPPORTED FEATURES section in which it is noted
2561 that Unix domain sockets do not support MSG_OOB or MSG_MORE.
2563 Noted details of SO_SNBUF and SO_RCVBUF support for
2564 Unix domain sockets.
2567 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.19 ====================
2569 Released: 2005-12-23
2574 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2575 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2577 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2578 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2579 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2581 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2587 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2591 Changes to individual pages
2592 ---------------------------
2600 Remove text under EINVAL error: "This may change in the future:
2601 see linux/unix/sock.c for details." This behavior has been
2602 unchanged for a long time, and seems unlikely to change.
2604 Add EADDRINUSE to errors.
2608 Add cmsg(3) to SEE ALSO.
2612 Added description of 'x' mode character (exclusive open).
2616 Some wording changes to description of pipes.
2619 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.20 ====================
2621 Released: 2006-01-03
2626 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2630 Changes to individual pages
2631 ---------------------------
2635 Added some text to explain the usual scenario in which
2636 sigaltstack() is employed.
2640 Noted that this function is available since glibc 2.2.
2648 Noted that capability bounding set appeared with kernel 2.2.11.
2663 The only changes to these pages have been for formatting:
2664 -- Structure definitions were changed to K&R style
2665 -- Some long source lines were broken to fit into ~70
2667 No changes were made to the content of these pages (yet...).
2670 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.21 ====================
2672 Released: 2006-01-16
2677 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2678 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2680 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2681 Falk Hueffner <falk@debian.org>
2682 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
2683 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
2684 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2686 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2693 truncate.2 gethostname.2 lseek.2 listxattr.2 readlink.2
2694 sysfs.2 stat.2 ustat.2 uname.2 getdomainname.2
2695 argz_add.3 asprintf.3 confstr.3 bstring.3 bzero.3 dlopen.3 fwide.3
2696 gethostbyname.3 getline.3 getlogin.3 getnameinfo.3 getpass.3 hsearch.3
2697 perror.3 printf.3 readdir.3 scanf.3 stpcpy.3 strdup.3 strfmon.3
2698 strftime.3 string.3 strptime.3 sysconf.3 termios.3 ttyname.3
2699 dsp56k.4 tty_ioctl.4
2700 elf.5 proc.5 termcap.5
2703 Various pages use inconsistent terms for 'null byte' (which
2704 is the C99/SUSv3 term for the '\0' character).
2706 To rectify this the following changes were made in the above
2709 Replace 'zero byte' with 'null byte'.
2710 Replace 'null character' with 'null byte'.
2711 Replace 'nulls' with 'null bytes'.
2712 Replace 'NUL-terminated' by 'null-terminated'.
2713 Replace 'NUL' by 'null byte'.
2714 Replace 'terminating NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2715 Replace 'final NUL' by 'terminating null byte'.
2716 Replace 'NUL character' by 'null byte'.
2720 Replace "SysV"/"SYSV" by "System V".
2722 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2726 Changes to individual pages
2727 ---------------------------
2731 Noted bug that could wrongly cause EPERM in unprivileged
2732 capset() with 'pid' field == getpid().
2736 Noted that EPOLLONESHOT was added in 2.6.2.
2740 Added GLIBC NOTES describing operation of glibc's
2741 gethostname() wrapper function.
2744 mtk / Mike Frysinger
2745 Clarify relationship between mmap2(2) and mmap64(3).
2747 A few other small rewordings.
2755 Added BUG noting that O_ASYNC can't be enabled via
2756 open(): fcntl() must be used for this purpose.
2760 Relocate misplaced discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
2764 Rewrote discussion of dlopen() 'flag' argument;
2765 added descriptions of RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DELETE,
2768 Noted use of atexit() to register a function that is
2769 automatically called when a library is unloaded.
2773 Rewrote substantial parts of the page, and relicensed under GPL.
2777 Add RETURN VALUE section.
2781 Noted historical use of <stdio.h> to declare getopt().
2785 Clarify how strcmp() should be used as the 'compar'
2786 function by providing an example.
2787 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348072
2791 Noted that /proc/mounts is pollable since kernel 2.6.15.
2793 Documented /proc/PID/task.
2795 Noted that the contents of /proc/PID/{cwd,exe,fd,root,task}
2796 are not available if the main thread has terminated.
2799 Add pointer to random(4) for description of files under
2800 /proc/sys/kernel/random.
2804 Small rewording of discussion of SO_BSDCOMPAT
2805 (add cross-ref to socket(7)).
2808 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.22 ====================
2810 Released: 2006-02-02
2815 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2816 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2818 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
2819 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
2820 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
2821 Colin Tuckley <colin@tuckley.org>
2822 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
2823 Thomas Hood <jdthood@yahoo.co.uk>
2824 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
2825 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
2831 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2834 Changes to individual pages
2835 ---------------------------
2839 Noted that portable applications should specify fd as -1
2840 when using MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2841 Some rewriting of description of MAP_ANONYMOUS.
2845 New link to sigreturn.2.
2849 New link to sigsuspend.2.
2853 Noted that waitid() does not set infop->si_uid field on
2854 most other implementations.
2858 Make clear that when calling getopt_long() and there are no
2859 short options, then 'optstring' should be "", not NULL.
2863 In glibc 2.0.92, openpty() was modified to preferably open
2864 Unix 98 ptys instead of BSD ptys.
2868 Small rewording under EXAMPLES.
2873 s/string must begin/string may begin/
2877 Documented inotify files under /proc/sys/fs/inotify:
2878 max_queued_events, max_user_instances, and max_user_watches.
2881 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.23 ====================
2883 Released: 2006-02-10
2888 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
2889 been incorporated in changes in this release:
2891 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
2892 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
2893 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
2894 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
2895 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
2896 Kurt Wall <kwall@kurtwerks.com>
2897 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
2898 Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@gmx.de>
2899 Robert Love <rlove@rlove.org>
2900 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
2901 Urs Thuermann <urs@isnogud.escape.de>
2903 Apologies if I missed anyone!
2908 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
2918 Robert Love, with some additions by mtk.
2919 New pages describing the inotify API.
2924 Andi Kleen, with additional work by mtk
2925 New pages describing the NUMA memory allocation policy API.
2926 Drawn from the set at ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/ak/numa.
2929 Urs Thuermann, with additional work by mtk
2930 New page describing the real-time clock driver.
2934 Overview of the inotify API.
2936 Changes to individual pages
2937 ---------------------------
2941 On x86, clone() should not be called through vsyscall,
2942 but directly through "int $0x80".
2946 Small wording changes.
2948 Added cross-ref to inotify.7 under the description of dnotify.
2951 mtk / Britton Leo Kerin
2952 Small wording change under NOTES to clarify
2953 what happens when a process sends a signal to itself.
2954 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350236
2957 mtk / Matthias Andree
2958 Added BUGS txt on interaction between MCL_FUTURE and
2960 See the following LKML thread:
2961 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113801392825023&w=2
2962 "Rationale for RLIMIT_MEMLOCK"
2965 mtk / Samuel Thibault
2966 Rewrote declaration of 'msgp' to be "void *" in response
2967 to http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=350884
2968 Various other wording fixes.
2972 Clarify distinction between "file creation flags" and
2973 "file status flags".
2977 Add SEE ALSO for pread(2).
2978 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351873
2986 Added return types to prototypes for FD_SET(), FD_CLR(),
2987 FD_ZERO, and FD_ISSET().
2988 Other minor wording changes.
2992 Add SEE ALSO for pwrite(2).
2993 (Analogous with read.2 change above.)
2997 Add Linux specific errors to this page.
3001 Added cross-ref to locale.7 for 'struct lconv' defn.
3002 Other minor wording changes.
3003 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3004 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3005 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3009 Minor formatting & wording fixes.
3012 Martin (Joey) Schulze
3013 Added SEE ALSO refs for nl_langinfo.3
3014 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351831
3018 Migrated description of inotify files to the new inotify.7 page.
3022 Add text describing characters 001 to 037.
3023 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=342173
3027 Minor wording and formatting changes.
3030 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.24 ====================
3032 Released: 2006-02-17
3037 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3038 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3040 Joerg Habenicht <habenich@planetserver.com>
3041 Luc Van Oostenryck <lkml@looxix.net>
3042 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
3043 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
3045 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3056 FSF / mtk (with assistance of Luc Van Oostenryck)
3057 man-pages finally gets pages for these system calls, several
3058 of which are obsolete in Linux 2.6.
3059 Took the old GPLed pages dated 1996 and made a number of
3060 clean-ups and minor additions.
3068 Change "file name" to "filename"
3069 Change "path name" to "pathname"
3084 mtk after a suggestion from Samuel Thibault
3085 Added SEE ALSO pointers to wide character equivalent functions
3086 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=351996
3088 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
3092 Changes to individual pages
3093 ---------------------------
3097 Remove duplicate CLONE_STOPPED text.
3098 Commented out crufty text describing EINVAL error
3099 for the now obsolete CLONE_DETACHED flag.
3100 Under CLONE_SIGHAND, noted that 'flags' must also include
3101 CLONE_VM if CLONE_SIGHAND is specified.
3105 Under ERRORS: Separate out EAGAIN error for locking mmaped files.
3113 Documented the EAGAIN error for msgrcv().
3116 Mike Frysinger / mtk
3117 Expand explanation of FNM_PATHNAME.
3120 Joerg Habenicht / mtk
3121 Fix up discussion of EAGAIN/EACCESS errors.
3124 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.25 ====================
3126 Released: 2006-03-02
3131 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3132 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3134 James Peach <jpeach@samba.org>
3135 Krzysztof Benedyczak <golbi@mat.uni.torun.pl>
3136 Marten von Gagern <Martin.vGagern@gmx.net>
3137 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3138 Michael Wronksi <michal.wronski@gmail.com>
3140 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3154 New pages describing POSIX message queue API.
3157 mtk, after a suggestion by James Peach
3158 New page describing posix_fallocate().
3162 New page giving overview of the POSIX message queue API.
3165 Changes to individual pages
3166 ---------------------------
3170 Add a case to the EINVAL error text.
3172 Various minor wording fixes
3173 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3177 Added "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600" to prototype.
3178 Added SEE ALSO referring to new posix_fallocate.3.
3182 Migrated information on POSIX message queues to new mqueue.7 page.
3186 Fix thinko: s/assuming a non-blocking/assuming a blocking/
3189 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.26 ====================
3191 Released: 2006-03-21
3196 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3197 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3199 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
3200 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
3201 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3202 Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
3203 Hasso Tepper <hasso@estpak.ee>
3204 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3205 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3206 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
3207 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
3208 Siward de Groot <siward@wanadoo.nl>
3209 Steve Beattie <sbeattie@suse.de>
3210 Walter Harms <walter.harms@informatik.uni-oldenburg.de>
3212 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3229 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3230 Added comment in SYNOPSIS to note that syscall(2) may be
3231 preferable over _syscallN (see intro(2)).
3233 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3234 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3241 New page describing openat(2), added in kernel 2.6.16,
3242 and some notes on rationale for the at*(2) system calls.
3245 Andi Kleen, Christoph Lameter, mtk
3246 Added MPOL_MF_MOVE and MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL descriptions,
3247 from numactl-0.9.2 man page.
3248 Plus a few other smaller fixes.
3252 New page describing fexecve(3).
3256 New page describing futimes(3).
3258 Changes to individual pages
3259 ---------------------------
3263 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3266 mtk, aeb, Steve Beattie
3267 Added some notes on syscall(2) versus _syscall.
3273 Added SEE ALSO pointing to mq_overview.7.
3277 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new openat.2.
3279 Split out part of the RETURN VALUE text into separate
3282 Modified wording referring to raw(8) to
3283 indicate that this interface is deprecated.
3287 Added discussion of ppoll(2), which is new in 2.6.16.
3296 Added text to note that although POSIX says msg_controllen
3297 should be socklen_t, glibc actually uses size_t.
3298 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=356502
3299 and the associated glibc bug report.
3300 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2448
3302 Various formatting fixes.
3306 Updated to reflect the fact that pselect() has been implemented
3307 in the kernel in 2.6.16; various other minor wording changes.
3309 pselect() prototype needs "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600".
3313 Clean up description of EEXIST error.
3314 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=357893
3318 Added a little extra text to clarify EISDIR vs EPERM.
3322 Added new SEE ALSO entry pointing to new futimes.3 page.
3326 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new fexecve.3.
3330 New link to shm_open.3 (should have been made when page
3331 was originally written).
3335 Add needed "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE".
3339 Updated to remove a few function names that are now documented.
3343 Various changes to bring this page closer to
3344 current kernel versions.
3348 Noted that glibc 2.4 is required to get glibc support
3353 Some rewording and added a few words about System V
3358 Substantial updates to various parts of this page.
3364 Updated to reflect that the NPTL limitation that only the main
3365 thread could call setsid() and setpgid() was removed in 2.6.16.
3369 Removed text implying that only in kernel 2.2 does IP_HDRINCL
3370 prevent datagrams from being fragmented.
3374 Documented SO_SNDBUFFORCE and SO_RCVBUFFORCE socket options,
3377 Placed socket options in alphabetical order.
3380 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.27 ====================
3382 Released: 2006-03-24
3387 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3388 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3390 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3391 Charles P. Wright <cwright@cs.sunysb.edu>
3392 Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
3393 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
3394 Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>
3395 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elet.hu>
3396 Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
3397 Janak Desai <janak@us.ibm.com>
3398 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
3399 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3401 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3409 Various minor formatting changes were done on a range of
3410 pages in Section 7. (No content was changed.)
3417 mtk, with reference to documentation by Janak Desai
3418 New page describing unshare(2), added in kernel 2.6.16.
3421 Changes to individual pages
3422 ---------------------------
3428 Added SEE ALSO pointing to new unshare.2.
3432 MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL requires CAP_SYS_NICE not CAP_SYS_RESOURCE.
3436 Clarified the description of MREMAP_FIXED and restructured
3437 the text to reflect the fact that this flag is exposed
3438 by glibc since version 2.4.
3441 Chuck Ebbert, with assistance from Daniel Jacobowitz,
3442 Paolo (Blaisorblade) Giarrusso, and Charles P. Wright;
3443 after a suggestion from Heiko Carstens.
3444 Document the following ptrace requests:
3445 PTRACE_SETOPTIONS (2.4.6)
3446 plus associated flags:
3447 PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD (2.4.6)
3448 PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK (2.5.46)
3449 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK (2.5.46)
3450 PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE (2.5.46)
3451 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC (2.5.46)
3452 PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE (2.5.60)
3453 PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT (2.5.60)
3454 PTRACE_SETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3455 PTRACE_GETSIGINFO (2.3.99-pre6)
3456 PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG (2.5.46)
3457 PTRACE_SYSEMU (since Linux 2.6.14)
3458 PTRACE_SYSEMU_SINGLESTEP (since Linux 2.6.14)
3460 sched_get_priority_max.2
3461 sched_setscheduler.2
3464 Modified to document SCHED_BATCH policy, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3466 Text describing SCHED_BATCH was added to sched_setscheduler.2,
3467 and was drawn in part from Ingo Molnar's description in the
3468 mail message containing the patch that implemented this policy.
3470 Various other minor rewordings and formatting fixes.
3473 mtk, using text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
3474 Document /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches, new in kernel 2.6.16.
3475 mtk, using information from ChangeLog-2.6.14.
3476 Document /proc/PID/smaps, new in kernel 2.6.14.
3480 Noted affect of CAP_SYS_NICE for mbind(MPOL_MF_MOVE_ALL).
3484 Kernel 2.6.16 eliminated buggy behavior with respect to
3485 the alternate signal stack.
3488 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.28 ====================
3490 Released: 2006-03-31
3495 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3496 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3498 Aleksandr Blokhin <sass@altlinux.ru>
3499 Greg Johnson <gjohnson@lanl.gov>
3501 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3517 New pages describing the POSIX semaphores API.
3519 These pages supersede and provide a superset of the information
3520 in the glibc (3thr) "semaphores(3)" manual page.
3523 Changes to individual pages
3524 ---------------------------
3532 Wrapped long lines (no content changes).
3538 Add SEE ALSO pointing to the new sem_overview.7 page.
3542 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent core(5).
3545 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.29 ====================
3547 Released: 2006-04-06
3552 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3553 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3555 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
3556 Roberto Jimenoca <robertojimenoca@terra.es>
3557 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3559 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3571 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new core.5 page.
3579 New page describing mkdirat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3583 New page describing mknodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3587 New page describing core dump files.
3591 New page describing mkfifoat(3).
3594 Changes to individual pages
3595 ---------------------------
3600 Michael Haardt / mtk
3601 Document EINVAL error for 'len' argument < 0.
3605 Expanded discussion of mandatory locking.
3609 Added BUGS text on 2.6.x handling of RLIMIT_CPU limit
3610 of zero seconds. See
3611 http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=112256338703880&w=2
3615 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkdirat.2.
3619 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mknodat.2.
3622 mtk / Roberto Jimenoca
3623 Clarified discussion of file types affected by O_NONBLOCK.
3624 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=360243
3628 Rewrote NOTES describing rationale for openat().
3629 Various other minor changes.
3633 Removed a misleading cross-ref to socket.2.
3637 Since 2.6.17-rc1, shmdt() gives the error EINVAL in a further
3638 circumstance: if shmaddr is not aligned on a page boundary.
3642 Remove text saying that specifying invalid flags "is likely
3643 to cause compatibility problems" since the kernel now
3644 (2.6.17-rc1) contains an explicit check for invalid bits
3645 with a consequent EINVAL error.
3649 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to new mkfifoat.3.
3653 Information on core_pattern and core_uses_pid has
3654 been migrated to the new core.5 page.
3658 Removed paragraph referring to obsolete ipchains / ipfw(4).
3662 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to pthreads.7.
3665 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.30 ====================
3667 Released: 2006-04-17
3672 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3673 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3675 Andre Lehovich <andrel@yahoo.com>
3676 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
3677 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3678 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
3680 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3688 New page describing linkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3692 New page describing renameat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3696 New page describing symlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3700 New page describing unlinkat(), new in kernel 2.6.16
3703 Changes to individual pages
3704 ---------------------------
3708 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new linkat.2 page.
3712 Added SEE ALSO entries pointing to new *at.2 pages.
3716 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new renameat.2 page.
3720 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3724 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new symlinkat.2 page.
3728 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to new unlinkat.2 page.
3732 Document the feature test macros required to expose various flags.
3734 Clarify 'speed' argument for cfsetispeed() text.
3736 Note that LOBLK is not implemented on Linux.
3738 Clarify arguments for cfsetspeed().
3739 Various formatting changes.
3743 Add a sentence describing the purpose of full(4).
3747 Rework text describing circumstances in which
3748 core dump files are not produced.
3750 A core dump of a multithreaded process always includes the
3751 PID in the core filename.
3753 Eliminate some accidentally duplicated text.
3756 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.31 ====================
3758 Released: 2006-05-02
3763 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
3764 been incorporated in changes in this release:
3766 Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
3767 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
3768 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
3769 Mark Glines <mark@glines.org>
3770 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
3771 Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
3772 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
3773 Ryan S. Arnold <rsa@us.ibm.com>
3774 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
3776 Apologies if I missed anyone!
3782 The following pages have been relocated into section 7, since
3783 that is their more natural home. SEE ALSO references in various
3784 other pages have been adjusted.
3791 (many pages outside man-pages actually *expect*
3792 'environ' to be in Section 7.)
3797 ".so" link files have been created to link the old file locations to the
3798 new file locations. These links are added just to ensure that cross
3799 references from any other (non-man-pages) pages will remain valid;
3800 eventually these links will be removed.
3808 New page for fstatat(2), new in 2.6.16.
3812 New page for adjtime(3).
3816 New page describing error() and error_at_line()
3817 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=186307
3819 program_invocation_name.3
3821 New page describing program_invocation_name and
3822 program_invocation_short_name variables.
3826 New page for sockatmark(3).
3830 New page describing feature test macros.
3834 New page giving an overview of "time" on Linux systems.
3848 Simplified wording around requirement for _BSD_SOURCE
3859 Added SEE ALSO referring to new time.7.
3866 Add SEE ALSO referring to new error.3.
3872 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to setlocale.3.
3875 Changes to individual pages
3876 ---------------------------
3880 Remove mention of SOCK_RDM from this page, since this socket
3881 type does not support accept()ing connections.
3885 Modified text referring to adjtime(); added SEE ALSO for new
3889 mtk, after a note by Karel Kulhavy
3890 Rewrote most of the DESCRIPTION, as well as some other parts
3891 the page, to clarify use and operation of, and rationale for,
3892 fsync(2) and fdatasync(2).
3896 Updated discussion of maximum timer value to reflect the fact
3897 that the default jiffy is now 4 milliseconds.
3899 Added text to note that current incorrect behavior of
3900 normalizing tv_usec >= 1000000 will be repaired in a future
3901 kernel; applications should be fixed now.
3905 Point out more explicitly that 'tz' argument should
3908 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3912 Since kernel 2.6.16, MS_NOATIME and MS_NODIRATIME are settable
3913 on a per-mount basis.
3914 Detail exactly which mount flags can be changed on MS_REMOUNT.
3918 Clarify RETURN VALUE discussion.
3922 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3924 program_invocation_short_name.3
3926 New link to new program_invocation_name.3.
3930 Added SEE ALSO for new sockatmark.3.
3933 Joshua Kwan / Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3934 Correct wording of EBUSY case.
3936 Add ".." case to ENOTEMPTY error
3940 Note more clearly that fd_set arguments can be NULL.
3942 Improve opening paragraph describing purpose of select().
3944 Various other minor edits and formatting fixes.
3947 mtk / Nishanth Aravamudan
3948 Add text to noting that the initial values of semaphores
3949 in a new set are indeterminate.
3953 Add text noting that contents of newly created segment are zero
3958 Noted that all threads should block signal being waited for.
3961 Nishanth Aravamudan / mtk
3962 Added NOTE that st_size is always returned as zero for most
3965 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fstatat.2.
3969 Remove bogus BUGS text.
3973 Various minor changes.
3977 Rewrote RETURN VALUE discussion.
3978 Updated CONFORMING TO.
3982 Martin (Joey) Schulze / mtk
3983 Fix errors in DESCRIPTION.
3987 The range of tm_sec is 0..60 (not 0..61).
3990 error_message_count.3
3992 error_print_progname.3
3994 New links to new error.3.
3997 mtk / Ryan S. Arnold
3998 Add text noting that explicitly controlling output buffering
3999 may be useful to catch errors on output operations on an
4004 Add SEE ALSO pointing to getline.3.
4005 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=364772
4010 Describe correct handling of errno in order to
4011 distinguish error from success after the call.
4013 Added EXAMPLE section which points to strtol.3 which provides
4014 an example of the use of the analogous strtol(3).
4018 Add an example program.
4020 Describe correct handling or errno in order to
4021 distinguish error from success after the call.
4025 DESCRIPTION does not need to say "temporary file name"
4026 just "temporary file", since the name is in any case
4027 unavailable to the user.
4028 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=363518
4031 Change /automatically deleted when the program terminates normally/
4032 to /automatically deleted when the program terminates/
4033 since deletion occurs on both normal and abnormal termination.
4037 Various wording improvements and clarifications.
4040 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
4041 Add text noting that a signal's disposition is process-wide,
4042 shared by all threads.
4044 Add text on changing signal dispositions.
4045 Add text on "signal mask and pending signals".
4050 Added SEE ALSO for new adjtime.3.
4054 Remove bogus duplicate line.
4057 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.32 ====================
4059 Released: 2006-05-13
4064 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4065 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4067 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4068 Johannes Weiner <root@hnaz.ath.cx>
4069 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4070 Karel Kulhavy <clock@twibright.com>
4071 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
4072 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
4074 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4082 New page for faccessat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4086 New page for fchmodat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4090 New page for fchownat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4094 New page for futimesat(2), new in 2.6.16.
4097 Changes to individual pages
4098 ---------------------------
4102 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2 page.
4106 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4110 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchmodat.2 page.
4114 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new fchownat.2 page.
4118 Updated discussion of MAP_NORESERVE since it is no longer
4119 restricted to MAP_PRIVATE mappings.
4120 Add reference to discussion of /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
4125 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new faccessat.2, fchmodat.2,
4126 fchownat.2, futimesat.2 pages.
4130 Document SHM_NORESERVE flag, new in 2.6.15.
4134 Expand text noting that ftruncate()/truncate() may fail if
4135 asked to extend a file beyond its current length.
4140 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4144 Document 'm' (mmap) flag.
4145 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=365754
4147 Document 'c' (notcancel) flag.
4151 Add SEE ALSO reference pointing to new futimesat.2 page.
4155 Add missing "const" qualifies to cast in EXAMPLE.
4157 Slight rewording of comments in EXAMPLE.
4161 Clarify meaning of IXANY.
4162 Clarify relationship of MIN with VMIN and TIME with VTIME.
4164 Noted that CIBAUD, OFDEL, and DELECHO are not implemented
4166 Added explanatory paragraph for phrases "not in POSIX" and
4171 Reworded to reflect that capabilities are per-thread.
4172 Add ioprio_set() to list of operations permitted by
4174 Add ioprio_set() IOPRIO_CLASS_RT and IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE
4175 scheduling classes to list of operations permitted by
4177 Note effects of CAP_SYS_NICE for migrate_pages().
4180 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.33 ====================
4182 Released: 2006-05-23
4187 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4188 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4190 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
4191 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4192 Martin Osvald" <martin.osvald@gmail.com>
4193 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4195 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4203 renamed to the more suggestive feature_test_macros.7
4211 New page briefly describing mq_getsetattr(2), the system
4212 call that underlies mq_setattr(3) and mq_getattr(3).
4216 New page for rpmatch(3).
4219 Changes to individual pages
4220 ---------------------------
4224 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4225 POSIX does now document ELOOP.
4229 Remove mention of non-standard S_IREAD, S_IWRITE, S_IEXEC.
4233 Add mincore(2) to SEE ALSO.
4234 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367401
4238 Note that EINVAL can also be caused by
4239 flags == MS_SYNC | MS_ASYNC.
4243 Add CPU_ISSET, CPU_CLR, CPU_SET, CPU_ZERO to NAME section.
4247 Various minor changes.
4251 Removed much material that is redundant with select.2.
4252 Various other changes.
4256 Substantial rewrite of description of 'mask'.
4263 New links to sched_setaffinity.2
4270 New links to select.2.
4274 Add SEE also referring to ftw.3.
4278 Add SEE also referring to fts.3.
4282 Various minor clarifications.
4286 Clarify that O_EXCL is an open(2) flag.
4290 Fix prototype declaration for 'attr'.
4294 s/sigev_signal/sigev_signo/
4298 New link to mq_getattr.3.
4302 New link to mq_receive.3.
4306 New link to mq_send.3.
4310 Added SEE ALSO referring to rpmatch.3.
4316 New links to sigsetops.3.
4320 Added SEE ALSO referring to unlocked_stdio.3
4321 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4325 Add description of strchrnul().
4329 New link to strchr.3.
4333 Updated to remove some functions that don't exist, and
4334 therefore don't need to be documented.
4335 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367671
4339 Added SEE ALSO referring to stdio.3
4340 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=367667
4344 Added section describing relationship between library
4345 interfaces and system calls.
4346 Added SEE ALSO referring to new mq_getsetattr.2.
4348 feature_test_macros.7
4350 Fix typo: s/_POSIX_C_SOURCE/_POSIX_SOURCE/
4353 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.34 ====================
4355 Released: 2006-06-20
4360 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4361 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4363 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho <aris@cathedrallabs.org>
4364 bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
4365 Chris Curtis <chris.curtis@riptidesoftware.com>
4366 Eduardo Madeira Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
4367 Joerg Scheurich <rusmufti@helpdesk.bera.rus.uni-stuttgart.de>
4368 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sf.net>
4369 Kenichi Okuyama <okuyama.kenichi@oss.ntt.co.jp>
4370 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
4371 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
4372 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
4373 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4374 Peter Eiserloh <eiserlohpp@yahoo.com>
4375 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4376 Thomas Dickey <dickey@radix.net>
4377 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
4379 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4389 Added header comment noting that these pages are in the public
4399 Added following to top of these pages to clarify origin and
4401 .\" This page was taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license)
4407 Eduardo Madeira Fleury, with edits by mtk, and review by Jens Axboe
4408 New page for ioprio_get(2) and ioprio_set(2), new in 2.6.13.
4412 New page describing offsetof() macro.
4415 Changes to individual pages
4416 ---------------------------
4420 Add SEE ALSO referring to exit_group.2.
4424 Add SEE ALSO referring to acct.5.
4428 Explicitly mention term "dnotify" in discussion of F_NOTIFY.
4431 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4432 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4433 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4435 Renamed argument from 'path' to 'pathname'.
4436 Reword introductory paragraph to clarify that
4437 inotify_add_watch() may also modify an existing watch item.
4439 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4442 Moved BUGS section from this page to inotify.7.
4445 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4446 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4447 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4450 Aristeu Sergio Rozanski Filho / mtk
4451 s/<inotify.h>/<sys/inotify.h>/ in prototypes.
4452 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369960
4454 The EINVAL error can also occur if 'fd' is not an inotify
4459 New link to new ioprio_set.2.
4463 Add SEE ALSO referring to remap_file_pages.2.
4467 s/MNT_FORCE/MNT_EXPIRE/ under EINVAL error.
4471 s/unsigned long flags/int flags/ in SYNOPSIS.
4475 Add SEE ALSO referring to popen.3.
4479 Add SEE ALSO referring to readahead.2.
4483 SEE ALSO for readv should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4487 Add SEE ALSO referring to posix_fadvise.2.
4491 Fix missing arguments in statement about equivalent send()
4496 Add SEE ALSO referring to tcgetsid.3.
4500 Minor wording change at start of DESCRIPTION.
4504 Add SEE ALSO referring to access.2.
4508 Relocated "Note" about f_fsid.
4512 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
4516 Added license statement (GPL) after consultation with
4521 Add #define _GNU_SOURCE to prototype
4525 Added note about time_t representation on other systems.
4526 Added CONFORMING TO.
4530 A fairly major revision...
4531 Document FTW_ACTIONRETVAL; include .SH "RETURN VALUE";
4532 Reorganized and rewrote much of the page
4533 Added an example program.
4537 Fixed typo in NOTES.
4538 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=370277
4542 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4546 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4550 Add documentation of %m.
4554 Added SEE ALSO referring to ftw.3.
4558 Note that these functions are obsolete in favor of regcomp(3).
4560 Add SEE ALSO referring to regcomp.3
4564 Reworded CONFORMING TO statement on scandir() and alphasort().
4568 Fix prototype for strchrnul().
4572 Add text clarifying treatment of strings starting with
4576 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4577 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4579 Clarify discussion of use of free(3).
4580 Various other minor changes to text and formatting.
4584 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4587 mtk, after comments by Justin Pryzby
4588 Add text noting the need to use open(O_EXCL).
4589 Updated CONFORMING TO.
4593 Remove offsetof(), which is now documented.
4597 Added SEE ALSO referring to full.4.
4601 Various improvements and corrections.
4605 Added CONFORMING TO section mentioning FreeBSD kqueue and
4608 feature_test_macros.7
4610 Added pointer to location of LFS specification.
4613 mtk, after suggestion by Joey.
4614 Added license statement to page, after discussion with
4615 original author, bert hubert.
4617 Reformat long lines; no content changes.
4621 'path' argument renamed to 'pathname'.
4622 A few minor rewordings.
4623 Added BUGS section describing a couple of bugs.
4627 Add SEE ALSO referring to byteorder.3.
4631 Add SEE ALSO referring to groff_man(7).
4632 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=369253
4635 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.35 ====================
4637 Released: 2006-07-06
4642 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4643 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4645 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4646 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
4647 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
4648 Bauke Jan Douma <bjdouma@xs4all.nl>
4649 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
4650 Denis Barbier <barbier@linuxfr.org>
4651 Horacio Rodriguez Montero <Horacio.Rodriguez.Montero@galinter.com.ar>
4652 Johan Lithander <johan.lithander@teligent.se>
4653 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4654 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
4655 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
4656 Thorsten Kukuk <kukuk@suse.de>
4658 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4664 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4672 New page for sync_file_range(2), new in kernel 2.6.17.
4674 Changes to individual pages
4675 ---------------------------
4679 Noted BUG that occurs if 'delta' is specified as NULL.
4680 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
4684 Add EADDRNOTAVAIL error.
4686 Make example code more complete.
4689 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4690 Added EPOLLRDHUP description.
4692 Added SEE ALSO referring to poll.2.
4695 mtk / Davide Libenzi
4696 Added POLLRDHUP description.
4698 The correct header file is <poll.h>, not <sys/poll.h>.
4699 Rewrote and reformatted various other parts.
4703 Nowadays, readlink() returns 'ssize_t', as required in
4708 Added license statement.
4712 Add documentation for various new fields.
4715 Horacio Rodriguez Montero
4716 Add explanation of 'x' character in 'password' field.
4718 The proper name of "*" is "asterisk" not "star".
4722 Update RFC reference for ECN.
4724 Add sentence on "low memory" limit for tcp_mem on 32-bit systems.
4727 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.36 ====================
4729 Released: 2006-07-11
4734 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4735 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4737 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4738 Jens Axboe <jans@suse.de>
4739 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
4740 Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
4742 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4747 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4755 How to maintain man-pages.
4759 Things that it would be nice to get done for man-pages one day.
4761 scripts/FIXME_list.sh
4763 This script, intended for use by manual page maintainers,
4764 displays the FIXMEs in the manual page source files.
4766 Changes to individual pages
4767 ---------------------------
4772 Added SEE ALSO referring to sync_file_range.2.
4776 Fix description of 'offset' argument to explain the case
4777 where 'offset' is NULL.
4781 Add SEE ALSO referring to fdopen.3.
4785 Removed information about Section 3 subsections -- it doesn't
4786 reflect current reality, and probably never has.
4788 Added SEE ALSO referring to intro.2.
4792 Correction: tcp_window_scaling is ENabled by default.
4795 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.37 ====================
4797 Released: 2006-08-02
4802 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4803 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4805 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4806 Dean Gaudet <dean@arctic.org>
4807 Frank van Viegen <F.C.vanViegen@UTwente.nl>
4808 Helmut Grohne <helmut@subdivi.de>
4809 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
4810 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
4811 Ville Skyttä <ville.skytta@iki.fi>
4813 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4818 Thomas Huriaux / mtk
4820 Various formatting problems found as a result of reviewing the
4821 following command were fixed.
4823 for a in $(wc man?/*.?| awk '$1 > 2 ' | grep -v total); do
4824 echo $a; groff -Tascii -wmac -mman $a > /dev/null;
4827 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378544
4829 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
4836 mtk (after prompting from Ivana Varekova)
4837 New page for readlinkat(2), new in kernel 2.6.16.
4839 Changes to individual pages
4840 ---------------------------
4844 Document "-u" option.
4848 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on current working directory.
4852 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on root directory.
4855 Frank van Viegen / mtk
4856 Fix description of EBADF error.
4860 Add text noting that effective IDs are copied to
4861 saved set-IDs during execve().
4862 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379297
4866 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on interval timers.
4870 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on resource limits.
4874 Noted effect of fork() and execve().
4878 Some rewording; included text describing required file
4883 Revised description of standards under CONFORMING TO.
4887 Point out that args following 'argc' are int.
4889 Added an example program.
4890 Various minor wording fixes.
4894 Expand description of MAP_POPULATE.
4895 mtk, after prompting by Dean Gaudet
4896 Expand description MAP_NONBLOCK.
4898 Various minor formatting fixes.
4902 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4906 Noted buggy behavior in Linux 2.4 and earlier when
4907 nanosleep() is restarted after receiving stop+SIGCONT signals.
4911 Very minor rewording.
4915 Added SEE ALSO linking to readlinkat.2.
4917 sched_setscheduler.2
4919 Noted preservation of scheduling parameters across execve().
4923 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on process group ID.
4927 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on session ID.
4931 Noted effect of fork() and execve() on umask.
4935 Noted inheritance of registrations across fork().
4939 Added material on privileges required for move_pages().
4940 CLONE_NEWNS needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
4941 keyctl(KEYCTL_CHOWN) and keyctl(KEYCTL_SETPERM) require
4945 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.38 ====================
4947 Released: 2006-08-03
4952 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
4953 been incorporated in changes in this release:
4955 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
4957 Apologies if I missed anyone!
4964 There was a major reworking of the CONFORMING TO sections
4965 in most manual pages.
4967 * generally try to rationalize the names used for standards.
4968 The preferred names are now documented as the head words
4969 of the list in standards(7). For the future: there is
4970 probably no need to talk about anything more than
4971 C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001 (or later), xBSD, and SVr4.
4972 (In particular, I've eliminated most references to XPG
4973 and SVID, replacing them with references to SUS or SVr4.)
4975 * eliminate discussion of errors that can occur on other
4976 systems. This information exists only patchily in the
4977 manual pages, is probably of limited use, is hard to maintain,
4978 and was in some cases simply wrong (and probably always was).
4980 * Tried to ensure that those interfaces specified in C99 or
4981 POSIX.1-2001 are marked as such in their manual pages.
4989 feature_test_macros.7
4991 Added SEE ALSO referring to new standards.7.
4995 Changed instances of "HP UX" to "HP-UX".
4999 Changed instances of "DG-UX to "DG/UX"
5001 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5009 Based on material taken from intro.2, but expanded to
5010 include discussion of many additional standards.
5012 Changes to individual pages
5013 ---------------------------
5017 Minor wording change for ENOTSOCK error.
5021 Removed information on standards to new standards.7.
5024 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.39 ====================
5026 Released: 2006-08-05
5031 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5032 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5034 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5036 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5043 Updated CONFORMING TO and/or standards references
5044 in various pages that were missed for 2.38.
5046 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5049 Changes to individual pages
5050 ---------------------------
5055 _XOPEN_SOURCE=500 also gets fchdir() prototype.
5059 Added a few more standards, and expand some explanations.
5062 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.40 ====================
5064 Released: 2006-09-04
5069 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5070 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5072 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
5073 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5074 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5075 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
5076 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5077 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5078 Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
5080 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5097 mtk (after a note by Alain Portal)
5098 Make naming of 'pathname' argument consistent; various
5101 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5104 Changes to individual pages
5105 ---------------------------
5109 Reinstate text on CLONE_DETACHED, and add a few words.
5113 Added list of process attributes that are not preserved on exec().
5116 mtk, after a suggestion by Christoph Hellwig
5117 Greatly expanded, to describe all attributes that differ
5118 in parent and child.
5122 Document AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW (new in 2.6.18).
5126 Memory policy is preserved across execve().
5130 SEE ALSO for writev should refer to Section 2, not 3.
5131 (i.e., really make the change that was logged in 2.34)
5134 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5135 Fix SYNOPSIS and CONFORMING TO text for getwd() and
5137 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=381692
5141 Document /proc/PID/auxv.
5145 Restore text accidentally deleted in 2.39.
5149 Change references to "1003.2" to "POSIX.2".
5152 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.41 ====================
5154 Released: 2006-10-12
5159 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5160 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5162 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5163 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
5164 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5165 Britton Leo Kerin <bkerin_rb@letterboxes.org>
5166 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
5167 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
5168 Hrvoje Niksic <hniksic@xemacs.org>
5169 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
5170 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5171 Kevin Ryde <user42@zip.com.au>
5172 Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
5173 Senthil Kumar <senthilkumar_sen@hotpop.com>
5174 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
5175 Stuart MacDonald <stuartm@connecttech.com>
5176 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
5178 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5184 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5194 Jens Axboe / Michael Kerrisk
5196 http://lwn.net/Articles/118760/
5197 http://lwn.net/Articles/178199/
5198 http://lwn.net/Articles/179492/
5199 http://kerneltrap.org/node/6505
5200 http://lwn.net/Articles/179434/
5202 Changes to individual pages
5203 ---------------------------
5207 Note glibc version where "ldd -u" appeared.
5211 The PR_SET_NAME setting is not preserved across an execve().
5215 Mappings marked with madvise(MADV_DONTFORK) are not inherited
5220 Noted that sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) is preferred in portable
5225 Noted that sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) is preferred in portable
5227 _SC_PAGE_SIZE is available on most systems.
5231 Document MADV_REMOVE, new in 2.6.16.
5232 Document MADV_DONTFORK / MADV_DOFORK, new in 2.6.16.
5235 mtk / Trond Myklebust
5236 MNT_FORCE can cause data loss.
5240 Added note on Linux's old (pre-2.6.12) buggy treatment of
5243 Added some EINVAL errors.
5247 Remove superfluous "#include <unistd.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
5251 Added EBUSY error for case where MS_INVALIDATE is applied to
5256 Since 2.6.18, POSIX_FADV_NOREUSE is a no-op.
5259 Marcel Holtmann / mtk
5260 Since kernel 2.6.18, setting 2 for PR_SET_DUMPABLE is no longer
5263 Updated Linux versions where the options where introduced.
5264 Added PR_SET_TIMING, PR_GET_TIMING, PR_SET_NAME, PR_GET_NAME,
5265 PR_SET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_SET_FPEMU, PR_GET_FPEMU,
5266 PR_SET_FPEXC, PR_GET_FPEXC.
5268 Document PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN.
5272 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS.
5276 Noted that sync_file_range() appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5280 Noted interactions with fork handlers in multithreaded programs.
5284 Added feature test macros to SYNOPSIS.
5287 mtk / aeb / Kevin Ryde
5288 Fix broken text in description.
5289 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5293 Fix broken text in description.
5294 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386214
5298 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; should be "ssize_t" not "mqd_t".
5299 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=387551
5303 Fix wording referring to the use of strcmp() in 'compar'
5305 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=391402
5309 Added SEE ALSO referring to new splice.2 page.
5313 Documented IUTF8 (which was new in kernel 2.6.4).
5317 Added some TZ examples.
5318 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=386087
5322 Added delayacct_blkio_ticks (new in 2.6.18) to /proc/PID/statm.
5325 Stuart MacDonald / Andi Kleen
5326 Fix discussion for TCP error queue /IP_RECVERR on TCP.
5330 Noted effect of RLIMIT_STACK resource limit for NPTL.
5334 Place socket options in alphabetical order.
5337 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.42 ====================
5339 Released: 2006-11-24
5344 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5345 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5347 Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
5348 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5349 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
5350 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5351 Evan Teran <eteran@alum.rit.edu>
5352 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
5353 Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
5354 Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
5355 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
5357 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5363 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5367 Changes to individual pages
5368 ---------------------------
5372 Add text describing behavior of the Linux brk() system call
5373 and point out that the glibc brk() wrapper provides different
5376 Note that sbrk() is implemented as a library function in glibc
5377 that calls the brk() system call.
5381 FUTEX_FD is scheduled for removal in June 2007.
5385 Ulrich Drepper, with edits by mtk
5386 Add text describing Internationalized Domain Name
5391 Fix description of O_LARGEFILE to mention required feature test
5396 Since Linux 2.6.18, the PID of the new process is also available
5397 for PTRACE_EVENT_VFORKDONE.
5401 Fix header file required for vsyslog() in SYNOPSIS.
5409 Linux 2.4.21 added core_pattern (which was already in 2.6).
5410 Noted a few more reasons why a core dump file might not
5414 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.43 ====================
5416 Released: 2006-11-29
5421 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5422 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5424 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
5425 David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
5426 Eduard Bloch <blade@debian.org>
5427 Egmont Koblinger <egmont@uhulinux.hu>
5428 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5430 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5436 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5440 Changes to individual pages
5441 ---------------------------
5445 Clarify discussion of privilege requirements.
5446 Added ENOMEM to ERRORS.
5450 Clarify description of O_LARGEFILE.
5454 Make description of MD5 output string less ambiguous.
5458 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO; see
5459 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400634
5464 Update the RTC man page to reflect the new RTC class framework:
5466 - Generalize ... it's not just for PC/AT style RTCs, and there
5467 may be more than one RTC per system.
5469 - Not all RTCs expose the same feature set as PC/AT ones; most
5470 of these ioctls will be rejected by some RTCs.
5472 - Be explicit about when {A,P}IE_{ON,OFF} calls are needed.
5474 - Describe the parameter to the get/set epoch request; correct
5475 the description of the get/set frequency parameter.
5477 - Document RTC_WKALM_{RD,SET}, which don't need AIE_{ON,OFF} and
5478 which support longer alarm periods.
5480 - Hey, not all system clock implementations count timer irqs any
5481 more now that the new RT-derived clock support is merging.
5485 s/fseek(3)/lseek(2)/ under /proc/PID/mem entry.
5487 feature_test_macros.7
5489 The LFS spec is now at http://opengroup.org/platform/lfs.html
5494 Describe the correct default for UDP/RAW path MTU discovery.
5497 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.44 ====================
5499 Released: 2007-04-04
5504 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5505 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5507 Andre Majorel <aym-naideb@teaser.fr>
5508 Benjamin Gilbert <bgilbert@cs.cmu.edu>
5509 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon <carenas@sajinet.com.pe>
5510 Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
5511 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
5512 Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
5513 John Ward <jward@idealcorp.com>
5514 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto <jorgepeixotomorais@gmail.com>
5515 Julien Blache <jblache@debian.org>
5516 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
5517 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
5518 Martín Ferrari <martin.ferrari@gmail.com>
5519 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
5520 Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
5521 Nick Pollitt <npollitt@mvista.com>
5522 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
5523 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
5524 Premysl Hruby <dfenze@gmail.com>
5525 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5526 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
5527 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
5528 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
5529 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
5530 Val Henson <val_henson@linux.intel.com>
5532 Apologies if I missed anyone!
5539 mtk, after a bit of prodding by Reuben Thomas
5540 A brief discussion of the old System V termio interface,
5541 with pointers to pages that will contain the information
5542 that the reader probably wants.
5544 scripts/find_repeated_words.sh
5546 Find consecutive duplicate words in a man page, some of
5547 which may be grammar errors.
5554 Add "#define _ATFILE_SOURCE" to SYNOPSIS in following pages:
5572 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
5573 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current systems.
5576 mtk, after a suggestion by Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
5577 Updated various header pages to accurately reflect which functions
5578 are and are not part of C89. Also fixed/improved a few other
5579 CONFORMING TO entries.
5583 s/Unices/Unix systems/ on the 5 pages where it appears.
5587 Wrapped long source lines in the following files
5632 Added a SEE ALSO reference for feature_test_macros(7) to all
5633 pages where a feature test macro appears in the SYNOPSIS.
5637 Added SEE ALSO entry pointing to time.7
5645 Fixed consecutive duplicate word typos on a number of pages.
5647 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
5648 places. (Special thanks to Nicolas François!)
5651 Changes to individual pages
5652 ---------------------------
5656 Since 2.6.20, access() honors the MS_NOEXEC mount flag.
5657 Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto / mtk
5658 Improve ENOENT description.
5662 Added some detail to the prototype.
5663 Added some notes on IA-64's clone2().
5667 Add text to note that EPOLLRDHUP appeared in kernel 2.6.17.
5671 Various fixes as per
5672 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411177
5673 * s/effective/real/ in description text.
5674 * added <fcntl.h> to synopsis.
5675 * various other changes.
5678 mtk / Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5679 Added a few words to note that RLIMIT_NPROC is really a limit on
5687 Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5688 s%linux/aio.h%libaio.h% in SYNOPSIS.
5689 Changed return type from "long" to "int".
5692 Samuel Thibault / mtk
5693 Fix EINVAL description.
5694 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411777
5698 Kernel 2.6.21 fixes several earlier bugs in mincore().
5700 Remove words "of a file" -- mincore() is describing
5701 memory residence information, not properties of a file.
5703 Rewrote various parts to make the page clearer.
5707 Rewrote and reorganized various parts to be clearer.
5708 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5709 Removed text stating that mmap() never returns 0; that's
5714 Document MS_RELATIME, new in Linux 2.6.20.
5718 On Linux, the error returned when opening a large file on a
5719 32-bit system is actually EFBIG, not EOVERFLOW.
5723 Fix RETURN VALUE description: returns error number of failure.
5727 Various improvements to DESCRIPTION.
5728 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=416012
5732 If sops contains multiple operations, then these are performed
5733 in array order. All Unix systems that I know of do this,
5734 and some Linux applications depend on this behavior. SUSv3
5735 made no explicit statement here, but SUSv4 will explicitly
5736 require this behavior.
5737 Small rewording of explanation of "atomically".
5741 Fix incorrect argument name in DESCRIPTION.
5743 Small wording improvement.
5747 Add reference to ipv6.7 page.
5755 Fix inconsistent argument names in SYNOPSIS and DESCRIPTION.
5759 Small wording clarification.
5762 mtk / Nicolas François
5763 Removed cryptic text under CONFORMING to referring to
5764 "open(2) and NFS". There is no relevant text in open.2 as
5765 far as I (mtk) can see.
5769 Remove sentence "gettimeofday() obsoleting time() on 4.3BSD".
5770 This information is old, and probably no longer relevant.
5771 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=403888
5774 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5775 Clarified discussion of /count == 0/ case.
5779 When the parent receives an event with PTRACE_EVENT_* set,
5780 the child is not in the normal signal delivery path. This
5781 means the parent cannot do ptrace(PTRACE_CONT) with a signal
5782 or ptrace(PTRACE_KILL). kill() with a SIGKILL signal can be
5783 used instead to kill the child process after receiving one
5788 Fix glibc version number in description of 'cpusetsize' argument.
5792 Stripped some excess/outdated text from the BUGS section.
5795 mtk / Jorge Peixoto de Morais Neto
5796 Add text to clarify that the pointer returned by these
5797 functions may be into some part of 'path'.
5800 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5801 + Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon
5802 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" to example program.
5806 Complete rewrite. The existing page was hard to read,
5807 and the RETURN VALUE description seems to be wrong.
5811 Added getopt() example program.
5813 Add a few words to clarify the operation of the GNU-specific
5814 double-colon feature, which allows options to have optional
5816 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=352139
5823 mtk, after an idea from a downstream Fedora patch.
5824 Clarified description of inet_network().
5836 Small rewording to mention calloc().
5840 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS; as per
5841 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400971
5842 Needs _XOPEN_SOURCE == 600; as per
5843 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=400975
5845 s/ptsname/posix_openpt/ in RETURN VALUE
5848 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5849 Add "#define _REGEX_RE_COMP" to SYNOPSIS.
5857 Added .SS headers to give some structure to this page; and a small
5858 amount of reordering.
5860 Added a section on canonical and non-canonical mode.
5862 Enhanced the discussion of "raw" mode for cfmakeraw().
5866 Make description of PARODD a little clearer.
5868 Add SEE ALSO link to tty_ioctl.4
5870 Add SEE ALSO link to console_ioctl.4
5874 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5879 Removed BSD prototype from synopsis.
5883 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5884 s/curses/ncurses/ under SEE ALSO
5887 Taken from Fedora downstream patches; thanks to Ivana Varekova
5888 Documented "mem=nopentium".
5890 feature_test_macros.7
5892 The default treatment of _POSIX_C_SOURCE changed in glibc 2.4.
5893 mtk, after a suggestion by Justin Pryzby
5894 Added some text warning that the "__" macros that
5895 <features.h> defines internally should never be
5896 directly defined by programs.
5897 mtk, based on notes by Jakub Jelinek
5898 Document _FORTIFY_SOURCE
5899 (See http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2004-09/msg02055.html )
5901 Document _REENTRANT and _THREAD_SAFE.
5904 mtk / Nicolas François
5905 Remove CONFIGURATION section, since this does not seem to be
5910 Fix data types in associated data structures;
5911 remove nonexistent semzcnt and semncnt fields.
5915 Since kernel 2.6.20, the software clock can also be 300 HZ.
5918 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.45 ====================
5920 Released: 2007-04-05
5925 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5926 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages.
5927 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5928 no changes were made to content.
5930 Changes to individual pages
5931 ---------------------------
5939 Clarified RETURN VALUE text
5943 Rewrote prototype using modern C syntax.
5946 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.46 ====================
5948 Released: 2007-04-06
5953 This release consists mainly of formatting fixes (to a large
5954 number of pages) to achieve greater consistency across pages:
5956 * Most instances of two or more consecutive blank lines in man
5957 page output were shrunk to a single line.
5958 * A number of example programs were reformatted
5959 to more closely match K&R style.
5960 * In various places (mainly code examples), the use of tabs was
5963 With the exception of the few individual changes noted below,
5964 no changes were made to content.
5967 Changes to individual pages
5968 ---------------------------
5972 Add <sys/kdaemon.h> header file to SYNOPSIS.
5974 sched_rr_get_interval.2
5976 Moved timespec definition from SYNOPSIS into description.
5980 Make SYNOPSIS match select.2.
5983 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.47 ====================
5985 Released: 2007-05-04
5990 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
5991 been incorporated in changes in this release:
5993 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
5994 John Heffner <jheffner@psc.edu>
5996 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6002 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6003 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6004 sentences on new lines).
6006 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6010 Changes to individual pages
6011 ---------------------------
6013 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6015 Remove crufty statement that this system call is not implemented.
6016 The nice interval can be used to control the size of
6017 the round-robin quantum.
6022 Document IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE, which will be in 2.6.22.
6025 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.48 ====================
6027 Released: 2007-05-04
6032 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6033 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6035 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
6036 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6038 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6044 This release consists mainly of changes to source file layout
6045 (wrapped long lines; stripped trailing white space; started new
6046 sentences on new lines).
6048 There is very little change to output formatting or content (see the
6053 In various places where it occurred,
6054 s/nonnegative/non-negative/
6058 s/wide character/wide-character/ when used attributively.
6061 Changes to individual pages
6062 ---------------------------
6065 Justin Pryzby / Colin Watson / mtk
6066 .SH doesn't require quotes.
6067 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=411303
6070 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.49 ====================
6072 Released: 2007-05-20
6077 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6078 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6080 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
6081 Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
6082 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6084 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6092 Documentation of bsd_signal().
6096 Manual page for euidaccess() and eaccess().
6100 Documentation of getsubopt().
6104 Documentation of sysv_signal().
6112 New link to epoll_wait.2.
6116 New link to new euidaccess.3,
6120 New link to sem_wait.3.
6124 New link to sem_wait.3.
6130 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6134 Changes to individual pages
6135 ---------------------------
6139 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6143 Added description of epoll_pwait(), new in kernel 2.6.19.
6147 Add text noting that Linux allows 'argv' and 'envp' to be
6148 NULL, but warning that this is non-standard and non-portable,
6149 and should be avoided in portable programs.
6150 Bug filed (http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408)
6151 to get this changed, but maybe that won't be done because it
6154 Added an example program.
6156 Expanded the discussion of interpreter scripts and the
6157 'optional-arg' argument of an interpreter script.
6158 For further info, see
6159 http://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/std/hashexclam-1.html
6160 http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shebang/
6162 Added text noting that FD_CLOEXEC causes record locks to be
6165 Mention effect of MS_NOSUID mount(2) flag for set-user-ID
6168 Expanded description of handling of file descriptors during
6169 execve(), adding text to note that descriptors 0, 1, and 2
6170 may be treated specially.
6174 Added SEE ALSO ref to new euidaccess.3 page.
6178 Place MAP_* flags list in alphabetical order.
6182 A fairly substantial rewrite, which among other things
6183 fixes the problem reported by Kyle Sluder in
6184 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8399
6185 And added some example code.
6189 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6190 functions in signal(7).
6191 A few other minor formatting and wording changes.
6195 Moved the discussion of async-signal-safe functions to signal(7).
6196 Added text referring to the discussion of async-signal-safe
6197 functions in signal(7).
6198 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6199 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6203 Clarify discussion of negative zero.
6207 Add SEE ALSO ref to new getsubopt.3.
6211 Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT and //IGNORE extensions
6216 Update CONFORMING TO; iswblank() is in POSIX.1-2001.
6220 Definitions for IN_DONT_FOLLOW, IN_MASK_ADD, and IN_ONLYDIR
6221 were added to glibc in version 2.5.
6225 Incorporated (and slightly modified) the text on
6226 async-signal-safe functions that was formerly in signal(2).
6227 Added SEE ALSO entries referring to new bsd_signal.3 and
6228 sysv_signal.3 pages.
6231 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.50 ====================
6233 Released: 2007-05-21
6238 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6239 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6241 Andreas Halter <halter@google.com>
6242 Laird Shaw <netocrat@dodo.com.au>
6243 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6245 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6250 Most Section 1 man pages are removed
6251 mtk (with help from Mike Frysinger, Laird Shaw, Andreas Halter)
6252 Once upon time Andries added a number of Section 1 manual pages
6253 to man-pages. However, since that time, those pages have not
6254 seen much maintenance, and are not in fact distributed in most
6255 distributions. Instead most distributions supply the
6256 coreutils versions of these pages, which are currently
6257 maintained. In addition, man-pages provides the 1p pages,
6258 which document the portable subset of functionality of these
6259 commands. Since the man1 pages are mostly unneeded, and
6260 out of date, I'm removing them. The following pages disappear:
6284 The following Section 1 pages will be kept:
6291 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.51 ====================
6293 Released: 2007-05-28
6300 (Hopefully) all cross references outside a page now include a
6301 section number. This should permit better resulting output
6302 from a man2html-type conversion.
6306 Convert function formatting of the form "\fBname\fP()" to
6310 Changes to individual pages
6311 ---------------------------
6315 s/futimes/futimesat/ in .SH NAME line.
6319 Put "msgrcv" and "msgsnd" in .SH NAME line.
6323 Add "umount2" to .SH NAME line.
6327 Add "waitid" to .SH NAME line.
6331 Add "getopt_long" and "getopt_long_only" in .SH NAME line.
6335 Add "sem_timedwait" and "sem_trywait" to .SH NAME line.
6339 Add "va_start", "va_arg", "va_end", "va_copy" to .SH NAME line.
6342 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.52 ====================
6344 Released: 2007-05-29
6346 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6347 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6349 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6351 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6357 Most of the changes below are about bringing greater consistency
6358 to manual pages, including reducing the wide range of .SH
6361 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6366 Make 'manual' component of .TH line into the string
6367 "Linux Programmer's Manual".
6368 Reason: consistency.
6372 Changed date in .TH line into form YYYY-DD-MM.
6373 Reason: consistency.
6377 Some .SH header lines were made into .SS lines. (One of the aims
6378 here is to reduce the number of non-standard .SH lines.)
6382 Change title .SH sections named "NOTE" to "NOTES", in some cases
6383 also changing the location of the section within the page.
6384 Reason: consistency.
6388 Commented out .SH AUTHOR sections; the right place for
6389 documentation authorship sections is usually comments at the
6390 top of the page source.
6394 Changed .SH HISTORY to .SH VERSIONS.
6395 Reason: in many cases, HISTORY was being used to describe
6396 Linux/glibc version information, as was already done for
6397 VERSIONS sections in other pages.
6401 Removed HISTORY section, or moved it as a subsection or paragraphs
6402 under another section e.g., NOTES.
6403 Reason: there are too many arbitrary section (.SH) names, and
6404 a HISTORY section never was consistently used across Linux
6409 Moved SEE ALSO section to be last section on the page
6410 Reason: consistency -- and this is where SEE ALSO should be!
6414 Relocated GLIBC NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6415 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6419 Relocated LINUX NOTES as subsection under NOTES
6420 Reason: reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH) names.
6424 Renamed some "AVAILABILITY" sections to "VERSIONS".
6425 Reason: consistency.
6429 Renamed some "DIAGNOSTICS" sections to "RETURN VALUE".
6430 Reason: consistency.
6435 s/\.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES/.SH ENVIRONMENT/
6436 Reason: consistency.
6456 s/return 0/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/ in main() of function example
6458 Reason: consistency.
6470 Use symbolic constants (EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE) in calls
6472 Reason: consistency.
6481 Renamed RESTRICTIONS section to NOTES, or moved text in a
6482 RESTRICTIONS section under existing NOTES section.
6483 Reason: consistency, and reduce number of arbitrary section (.SH)
6487 Changes to individual pages
6488 ---------------------------
6492 s/\.SH FURTHER INFORMATION/.SH NOTES/
6496 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6500 Renamed LINUX HISTORY section to LINUX NOTES, and relocated
6505 Relocated example program and made its .SH title "EXAMPLE".
6509 Move code example into its own EXAMPLE section.
6513 s/\.SH WARNING/.SH NOTES/
6517 s/\.SH "LINUX-SPECIFIC REMARKS"/.SH LINUX NOTES/
6521 Remove section about effect of fork()/exec()/exit(); shmop.2
6522 contains the same text, and it only needs to be said once.
6526 Minor rewording under DESCRIPTION.
6530 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6534 Removed statement that glibc unconditionally exposes declarations
6535 of encrypt() and setkey(), since portable applications must
6536 use <unistd.h> and define _XOPEN_SOURCE to obtain the declarations
6537 of setkey() and encrypt(). Adjusted example program accordingly.
6545 Minor wording and formatting changes.
6549 Substantial rewrite, revising and extending the discussion
6550 about desired conventions for writing pages.
6551 There will be further updates to this page in the next few
6555 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.53 ====================
6557 Released: 2007-05-30
6559 "A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by
6560 little statesmen and philosophers and divines"
6562 Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
6564 "But damn it, these man pages are a mess!"
6572 Reordered sections to be more consistent, in some cases renaming
6573 sections or shifting paragraphs between sections.
6577 In various pages in this section, .SH headings were
6581 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.54 ====================
6583 Released: 2007-06-07
6588 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6589 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6591 Emmanuel Mogenet <emogenet@google.com>
6592 Michael Berg <michaeljberg@gmail.com>
6594 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6602 Where there is an instruction in the SYNOPSIS about linking
6603 or compiling with a certain option, the option is now
6604 marked up in italics (e.g., "\fI-lm\fP").
6608 Added page numbers to page cross references.
6612 s/manpage/man page/, for consistency.
6614 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6623 A description of the conventions that should be followed
6624 when writing pages for the man-pages package.
6631 Already deleted most of the man1 pages previously, so
6632 this doesn't need to stay.
6636 Removed this page since it is out of date, and the proper place
6637 to go for up-to-date information is http://www.tldp.org/
6641 Reason: this was the only Section 9 page, and it is old
6642 (Linux 2.4). The man9 section never took off as an idea, and
6643 I see little point in keeping a Section 9 with just a single
6647 Changes to individual pages
6648 ---------------------------
6652 Moved some material out of here into new man-pages.7.
6656 Minor rewrites, eliminating some duplication, and removing
6661 Fix broken link path;
6662 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=425570
6666 Remove misleading text about setting O_ASYNC when calling
6667 open(); one must use fcntl() F_SETFL for this task.
6671 Converted outdated BUGS note about fdatasync() being
6672 equivalent to fsync() on Linux 2.2 into a NOTES note
6673 about this historical behavior.
6677 Small rewording to fix "fails with the error EWOULDBLOCK"
6678 rather than "returns EWOULDBLOCK".
6679 See Red Hat bug 172828.
6682 mtk, after an observation by Emmanuel Mogenet
6683 A much improved example program.
6685 Significant rewrites and additions to description.
6689 Remove text about the nonexistent BSD mremap() -- too
6690 much information, in my opinion.
6694 Added ERRORS section.
6698 Moved text for "Versions and Library Support".
6702 Small rewording in RETURN VALUE section.
6706 Add EXAMPLE section with a pointer to example in mprotect.2.
6710 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS. Add RETURN VALUE section.
6714 Small rearrangement of text under NOTES.
6718 Rewrite and substantial additional text.
6722 Minor clarifications for text on execlp() and execvp(). Removed
6723 FILES section, since it provides no useful additional info.
6727 Moved link instructions from NOTES to SYNOPSIS.
6728 Added feenableexcept, fedisableexcept, fegetexcept
6733 Added 'putwc' to .SH NAME list.
6737 s/int/socklen_t/ for type of gethostbyaddr() 'len' argument,
6738 and add a few more words in NOTES about the type used here.
6742 Removed remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil; add
6743 text on that point to SYNOPSIS.
6747 Removed redundant remark from NOTES about linking with -lutil
6748 since there is text on that point under SYNOPSIS.
6752 Added SEE ALSO referring to getconf(1).
6756 Revised .SH NAME section.
6760 Minor rearrangement of order of text.
6764 s/exec()/execve(2)/ in various places.
6768 Changed "atan(1)" to "atan(1.0)" to prevent some versions of
6769 man2html(1) from mistaking that string as a page cross reference.
6773 Small restructuring to avoid 'cannot adjust line' from man(1).
6777 Removed now very out-of-date sentence about need to link shared
6782 Various text was moved out of this page into the new man-pages.7.
6786 Added SEE ALSO referring to new man-pages.7.
6790 A few changes, hopefully done right, to eliminate some
6791 errors to stderr when rendering with man(1).
6795 Shorten a line in table so it fits in 80 columns.
6796 Minor rewording under BUGS.
6800 Moved EXIT STATUS section.
6803 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.55 ====================
6805 Released: 2007-06-10
6810 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
6811 been incorporated in changes in this release:
6813 Alexander Taboriskiy <alextab@math-solution.com>
6814 Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>
6815 John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
6816 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
6817 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
6818 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
6819 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
6820 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
6821 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
6822 Xose Vazquez Perez <xose.vazquez@gmail.com>
6824 Apologies if I missed anyone!
6844 mtk, after a note by Mike Frysinger
6845 Updated to reflect the fact that the _syscallN() macros
6850 Change reference to path_resolution.2 to path_resolution.7.
6852 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
6859 path_resolution.2 has been moved to section 7, thus path_resolution.7
6861 Reason: this is an overview page, not one describing as
6862 a specific system call.
6865 Changes to individual pages
6866 ---------------------------
6869 mtk, after a note from Xose Vazquez Perez
6870 Added pointer to Red Hat man-pages bugzilla.
6872 Added a release philosophy note on separating out big
6873 formatting changes into their own release that contains minimal
6878 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6882 Added RETURN VALUE section.
6886 Expand example program, and move it to new EXAMPLE section.
6887 Added text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6891 Convert NOTES section to CONFORMING TO and note that
6892 this call is Linux-specific.
6893 Other minor rewordings.
6897 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6906 Small rewrite of SEE ALSO text pointing to Documentation/* in
6911 Added ERRORS heading
6916 Added an ERRORS section.
6920 Added a RETURN VALUE section.
6924 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the calls are
6929 Add SEE ALSO reference to ioctl.2.
6933 Add new EXAMPLE section with pointer to example in bind.2.
6936 Martin (Joey) Schulze
6941 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6943 sched_get_priority_max.2
6944 sched_rr_get_interval.2
6945 sched_setscheduler.2
6952 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6956 Added an ERRORS section (stating that the call is
6960 mtk, after a note from Alexander Taboriskiy
6961 Strengthen warning against the use of signal().
6962 Added siginterrupt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
6964 Rewrote various parts; added an ERRORS section.
6968 Added new EXAMPLE section pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6972 Added EXAMPLE program.
6976 Converted to -man format; some rewrites; added an EXAMPLE.
6980 Improved the example program.
6984 Add text pointing to example in getaddrinfo.3.
6988 Add example programs.
6989 Add getnameinfo() to SEE ALSO list.
6992 mtk / Serge van den Boom
6993 Clarify discussion of what happens if 'src' and 'dest' overlap.
6997 Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO list.
7000 mtk after a note from Ulrich Drepper
7001 Clarify discussion of feature test macros that are needed to
7002 expose System V and BSD versions of this function in glibc.
7006 Removed some functions that have been documented.
7009 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7010 Remove wscanf.3 from SEE ALSO list, since that page does not exist.
7014 Removed outdated note on xdm.
7015 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418009
7016 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7017 Removed outdated note about Debian and libc5.
7020 Martin (Joey) Schulze
7021 Fix order of commands listed under 'init='.
7025 Add /media, remove /dos.
7026 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=418234
7030 Added text describing what happens when the buffer given to
7031 read(2) is too small to return information about the next event,
7032 and noting the behavior change in 2.6.21.
7036 Added text to note that ERRORS list should be in alphabetical order.
7041 Added SEE ALSO reference to groff_mdoc(7).
7045 Added EXAMPLE section with pointer to bind.2 EXAMPLE.
7049 Simplify text describing --inhibit-rpath.
7050 mtk, after a note by John Reiser
7051 Describe use of $ORIGIN in rpath.
7054 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.56 ====================
7056 Released: 2007-06-11
7063 Removed version numbers in .TH lines.
7064 Reason: these were only arbitrarily updated, and so impart no
7065 useful information. Version information goes into a
7066 VERSIONS section nowadays, and the date in the .TH line should
7067 be updated to reflect the date of the last (significant)
7070 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7074 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.57 ====================
7076 Released: 2007-06-17
7081 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7082 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7084 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
7086 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7094 Fix section numbers in page cross references.
7097 Changes to individual pages
7098 ---------------------------
7102 Minor wording fixes.
7103 Small clarification of description of 'mode'.
7107 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7111 Minor wording fixes.
7115 Added more detail on exit handlers.
7116 Minor wording fixes.
7120 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent mt.4.
7123 Samuel Thibault / mtk
7124 In Linux 2.6, the 'modify_ldt_ldt_s' structure was renamed
7126 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=378668
7128 Include definition of 'user_desc' structure.
7133 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7137 Removed reference to nonexistent sigsend(2).
7141 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent itoa.3.
7145 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent time.3.
7149 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fcrypt.3.
7153 Small reworking of EXAMPLE program.
7157 Remove SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fclean.3.
7161 s/ttyname(0)/ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)/ in program example.
7165 s/exit(1)/exit(EXIT_FAILURE)/
7169 Correct some section numbers in page cross references.
7173 Modify requirements for example programs a little.
7177 Wrapped long source lines.
7180 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.58 ====================
7182 Released: 2007-06-24
7187 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7188 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7190 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7191 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
7193 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7199 Various pages, as detailed below
7201 Added or updated VERSIONS sections.
7225 Add SEE ALSO link to new credentials.7.
7233 An overview of Linux process identifiers (PIDs, PPIDs,
7234 PGIDS, SIDs, UIDs, GIDs).
7237 Changes to individual pages
7238 ---------------------------
7242 Added some comments to example program.
7246 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7250 Updated discussion of somaxconn limit.
7254 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7258 VERSIONS: Glibc support has been provided since version 2.2.
7262 Added VERSIONS section.
7266 Updated VERSIONS section with text on glibc support.
7270 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7274 Added VERSIONS section with info on semtimedop().
7278 VERSIONS: In kernel since 2.4; glibc support since 2.3.
7282 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.4.
7286 Added VERSIONS section.
7290 VERSIONS: Supported since glibc 2.2.1.
7293 mtk after a suggestion by Mike Frysinger
7294 Add text to the introductory part of DESCRIPTION, about the
7295 'size' argument of snprintf() and vsnprintf().
7299 Added VERSIONS section; rewrote info about linking with -lrt.
7303 Improve the discussion of strncat().
7307 Improve the discussion of strncpy().
7311 Added discussion of /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn.
7314 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.59 ====================
7316 Released: 2007-06-25
7321 Manual pages are now standardized on American spelling. See
7322 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences
7323 for more information on the differences. Formerly, different pages (and
7324 sometimes even a single page!) employed American and British spelling
7325 conventions; best to standardize on one spelling, and American English
7326 is the standard in Computer Science.
7328 Changes to individual pages
7329 ---------------------------
7333 Note that man-pages has now standardized on American spelling
7354 Corrected minor spelling/wording mistakes (i.e., changes
7355 independent of fixes for American spelling).
7358 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.60 ====================
7360 Released: 2007-06-25
7368 Wrapped lines in some files.
7372 Change "e.g. " to "e.g., ", or in some cases, "for example, ".
7376 Change "i.e. " to i.e., ", or in some cases, "that is, ".
7380 Removed AUTHORS section.
7382 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
7386 Changes to individual pages
7387 ---------------------------
7391 s/w.r.t/with respect to/
7395 Strengthened warning against use of AUTHORS section.
7398 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.61 ====================
7400 Released: 2007-07-01
7406 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7407 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7409 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
7410 Benno Schulenberg <bensberg@justemail.net>
7411 Florian Ernst <florian_ernst@gmx.net>
7412 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7413 Jeff Schroeder <jeffschroeder@computer.org>
7414 Joey (Martin) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7415 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7416 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7417 Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
7418 Serge van den Boom <svdb@stack.nl>
7419 Stefan Puiu <stefanpuiuro@yahoo.com>
7420 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7422 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7430 substitute `\\0' by '\\0'.
7434 s/`/'/ when the thing being quoted is a character.
7443 mtk after a note by Martin (Joey) Schulze
7444 Add NOTES paragraph noting that <sys/types.h> isn't required by
7445 POSIX.1-2001 or Linux, but was required on some implementations.
7458 Replace form `...' with \fI...\fP where the enclosed string
7459 is a pathname, type name, or argument name.
7463 s/process' /process's/
7473 Add section number to page cross references.
7480 Reordered .SH sections.
7487 Made CONFIG/CONFIGURING heading ==> CONFIGURATION
7503 Reformatted headings
7510 mtk, with input from Justin Pryzby and Stefan Puiu
7511 Documents backtrace(), backtrace_symbols(), and
7512 backtrace_symbols_fd().
7519 backtrace_symbols_fd.3
7521 Links to backtrace.3.
7528 Changes to individual pages
7529 ---------------------------
7533 Fix setting of 'prefix' macro.
7537 Fix bad text (concatenated line).
7541 Fixed description of EACCES error.
7542 Added sentence defining "current working directory".
7543 Other minor wording changes.
7547 Added SEE ALSO section.
7555 Minor wording changes.
7559 Fix small wording error.
7563 Add NOTES on what happens if gethostid() can't open /etc/hostid.
7567 Made NOTES text into a VERSIONS section, since that's what it
7572 Minor wording changes.
7576 Rewrite to reflect the fact that the _syscallN
7577 macros are no longer available.
7581 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7585 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7589 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7593 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7597 Fix include in SYNOPSIS.
7599 Add "Link with -laio" to SYNOPSIS.
7603 Add semtimedop() to SEE ALSO.
7604 Note that some architectures don't have ipc(2); instead
7605 real system calls are provided for shmctl(), semctl(), etc.
7609 Minor wording changes.
7613 Added <sys/types.h> to SYNOPSIS.
7615 sched_setscheduler.2
7617 Add NOTES para about permissions required to call
7618 sched_setscheduler() on other systems.
7622 Noted that 'timeout' can also be changed if select() is
7623 interrupted by a signal.
7627 Remove reference to _syscall0() macro.
7631 Changed text for EINVAL error.
7635 Add recvmsg() and sendmsg() to SEE ALSO.
7636 Note that some architectures don't have socketcall(2); instead
7637 real system calls are provided for socket(), bind(), etc.
7640 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7641 Update text for EPERM error describing the maximum number of
7642 swap files. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7646 Added details about seekable files and file offset.
7647 Noted that write() may write less than 'count' bytes, and
7648 gave some examples of why this might occur.
7649 Noted what happens if write() is interrupted by a signal.
7650 Minor wording changes.
7654 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7658 Minor rewrites in code example.
7662 Make SEE ALSO refer to timegm.3
7666 Small wording change.
7670 Comment was missing closing "*/".
7674 Formatting changes, and minor rewordings.
7675 mtk, after a note by Serge van den Boom
7676 Add a comment explaining the need for the rather
7677 strange cast of the return value of dlsym().
7681 Add "isinf" to NAME section.
7689 Minor rewording, and note that '*n* is ignored
7690 if '*lineptr' is NULL.
7693 Ivana Varekova / mtk
7694 Update description of MALLOC_CHECK_ to include description
7695 for value 3. (From downstream Fedora patch.)
7699 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7703 Minor changes to SYNOPSIS.
7705 program_invocation_name.3
7707 Shortened page title to INVOCATION_NAME.
7711 Added a CONFORMING TO section; other minor edits.
7715 Fix duplicated word "the".
7716 (Really fix http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=412467 !)
7720 Small wording change.
7724 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7728 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7734 Note use of "gcc -Wno-format-y2k" to avoid the "`%c' yields only
7735 last 2 digits of year in some locales" warning.
7739 Add "strcasestr" to NAME section.
7743 Small wording change.
7749 Added a CONFORMING TO section.
7753 Small wording changes.
7757 Remove erroneous text saying that glibc does not provide
7758 <ulimit.h>; it does.
7762 Various reformattings.
7766 Added a sentence noting why core dumps named "core.PID" were useful
7771 Fix capitalization in .SS headings.
7777 feature_test_macros.7
7779 Added SEE ALSO section.
7783 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7787 Reformatted headings; minor rewrites.
7790 Loïc Minier <lool@dooz.org>
7791 Document argument type for SO_REUSEADDR.
7792 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=255881
7796 Wrap long line in SYNOPSIS.
7800 Added SEE ALSO section.
7803 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.62 ====================
7805 Released: 2007-07-09
7807 This release consists solely of formatting fixes. There are no changes
7813 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7814 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7816 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7818 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7826 Many many formatting fixes.
7830 Add section number to .TH line for POSIX pages in man[013]p.
7833 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.63 ====================
7835 Released: 2007-07-16
7841 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
7842 been incorporated in changes in this release:
7844 Arnd Bergmann <arndb@de.ibm.com>
7845 Eduardo M. Fleury <efleury@br.ibm.com>
7846 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
7847 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
7848 Marc Boyer <marc.boyer@enseeiht.fr>
7849 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
7850 Martin Röhricht <martin@roehricht.info>
7851 Patrick Mansfield <patmans@us.ibm.com>
7852 Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
7853 Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
7855 Apologies if I missed anyone!
7875 Minor wording changes.
7881 Added SEE ALSO reference to syscalls.2.
7889 A real man page for sgetmask(2) and ssetmask(2).
7890 (This page replaces a previous link of the same name, which
7891 linked to signal.2.)
7894 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7895 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_create() system call.
7896 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7897 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7900 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7901 Document the PowerPC SPU spu_run() system call.
7902 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7903 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7906 Arnd Bergmann with additional work by Eduardo M. Fleury and mtk
7907 Document the PowerPC SPU file system.
7908 (Originally taken from the kernel source file
7909 Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt.)
7917 This file was created by accident in 2.61, as a copy of clone.2.
7918 (it should have been a link to clone.2.)
7922 Details on this page are covered in syscalls.2 and in
7923 respective syscall man pages (stat.2, uname.2).
7927 This page is very out of date, and in any case difficult
7928 to maintain. Information about undocumented system calls
7929 is maintained in the HOWTOHELP file, and probably in other
7934 This rather incomplete page seems unnecessary since there
7961 Added as link to corresponding page without "32".
7977 Added as link to corresponding page without "64".
7986 Link to getrlimit.2.
7994 Added as links to corresponding section 3 pages.
7999 Links to posix_fadvise.2.
8006 Added as link to corresponding page without "rt_" prefix.
8015 mtk / Ivana Varekova
8016 Link to unimplemented.2.
8019 Changes to individual pages
8020 ---------------------------
8024 Fairly substantial rewrites of various parts,
8025 and a few additions.
8029 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) needs
8030 either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8034 Update SYNOPSIS to reflect the fact that fchmod(2) and lchown(2)
8035 need either "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500" or "#define _BSD_SOURCE".
8036 Added an example program.
8040 Note that killpg() is actually a library function on Linux.
8044 Added note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays invokes mmap2().
8047 Ivana Varekova / mtk
8048 On most platforms the unit for 'offset' is 4096 bytes, not
8049 the system page size.
8051 Rewrote NOTES to note that glibc mmap() wrapper nowadays
8052 invokes this system call.
8054 Added an EXAMPLE program.
8060 Changed link to point to stat.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8065 Changed link to point to uname.2 (instead of obsolete.2).
8069 Added _GNU_SOURCE to SYNOPSIS.
8073 Remove reference discussion of ipc(2), since none of the
8074 other System V IPC pages mention ipc(2).
8078 Add an example code segment.
8082 Add svipc(7) to SEE ALSO list.
8086 Reformatted tables as lists; other minor reformattings and
8091 Added info on rt_sigqueueinfo(2).
8095 Noted that sigwaitinfo() is a library function implemented on
8096 top of sigtimedwait().
8100 Make this link point to new sgetmask.2 instead of signal.2.
8104 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8105 have appeared over time.
8109 A fairly substantial rewrite of this page,
8110 bringing it up to date with the current
8111 kernel version, and listing all system calls
8116 Add notes on the different system call interfaces that
8117 have appeared over time.
8121 Add vserver, madvise1 to NAME line.
8122 Removed SEE ALSO reference to obsolete.2.
8124 Add tuxcall to NAME line.
8128 Fix description of return value.
8132 Minor fix to example program.
8136 Add section numbers to function names; remove some functions
8137 since they are documented.
8141 Update/correct text on /proc/malloc.
8142 mtk, after a note by Pierre Habouzit, and a few comments by Justin Pryzby
8143 Update description of /proc/PID/stat to match 2.6.21.
8144 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417933
8148 IN_DONT_FOLLOW and IN_ONLYDIR are only available from 2.6.15.
8152 Note SIGRTMIN value depends on glibc.
8154 Various rewrites and additions to the text in real-time signals.
8155 Add SEE ALSO reference to sgetmask.2.
8159 Add ipc(2) to SEE ALSO.
8162 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.64 ====================
8164 Released: 2007-07-27
8170 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8171 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8173 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8174 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
8175 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
8177 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8371 Added/updated feature test macro requirements for
8372 glibc; see feature_test_macros.7 for details.
8374 Changes to individual pages
8375 ---------------------------
8387 Fairly substantial changes and corrections, including adding
8388 coverage of all of the interfaces that get/set PGIDs.
8392 Various rewordings; clear up some imprecisions.
8396 Added 'signgam' to SYNOPSIS and NAME line.
8400 Note that the XPG version is provided since glibc 2.3.4.
8401 The page formerly said that the GNU-specific version
8402 is provided by default. That certainly isn't true
8403 nowadays, since _POSIX_C_SOURCE is set to 200112L by
8404 default, so that the XSI-compliant version is supplied
8409 Added note pointing to feature_test_macros.7 for a description
8410 of how feature test macro requirements should be specified in
8411 manual pages. Various other minor fixes and changes.
8413 feature_test_macros.7
8415 Added note about how feature test macros are specified
8417 Many other corrections, improvements, additions, and
8418 details about differences across glibc versions.
8421 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.65 ====================
8423 Released: 2007-09-17
8429 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8430 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8432 Aleksandr Koltsoff <czr@iki.fi>
8433 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
8434 Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
8435 Ari Entlich <lmage11@twcny.rr.com>
8436 Carsten Emde <Carsten.Emde@osadl.org>
8437 François Diakhate <diakhate@enseirb.fr>
8438 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
8439 Jon Burgess <jburgess777@googlemail.com>
8440 Julien Cristau <jcristau@debian.org>
8441 Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
8442 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8443 Maxime Bizon <mbizon@freebox.fr>
8444 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8445 Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org>
8446 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
8447 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
8448 Nicolas George <nicolas.george@ens.fr>
8449 Paul Brook <paul@nowt.org>
8450 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
8451 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
8452 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
8453 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
8454 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
8455 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8456 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
8458 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8464 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8469 Use 'glibc' consistently to refer to GNU C library.
8473 Order errors under ERRORS alphabetically.
8477 Spelling and formatting fixes, as per
8478 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=439560
8489 Add "#include <stdlib.h>" (to declare exit(3)) to example program.
8497 Description of timeradd(), timersub(), timerclear(),
8498 timerisset(), timercmp() macros for operating on
8507 Somehow, over time, material on fdatasync(2) crept into
8508 fsync.2, and fdatasync also got added to the NAME section
8509 of fsync.2. All of the material in fdatasync.2 that was
8510 not already in fsync.2 has now been moved there, and
8511 the former page has been removed.
8512 In place of the content there, is now a link to fsync.2.
8522 Link to man3/clock_getres.3.
8534 Link to gethostbyaddr.3.
8541 Links to new timeradd.3.
8544 Changes to individual pages
8545 ---------------------------
8549 Make the install target of man-pages respect the standard
8550 "DESTDIR" variable as well as check the exit status of the
8551 install command so errors aren't ignored.
8555 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" through out the
8556 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8557 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8559 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8561 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8563 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8565 removed cautionary note that use of MPOL_F_NODE|MPOL_F_ADDR
8566 is not supported. This is no longer true.
8568 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8572 Since kernel 2.6.22, Linux setitimer() now conforms to POSIX.1,
8573 giving an EINVAL error for a non-canonical tv_usec value.
8577 Replace discussion of timer* macros with a pointer
8578 to new page timeradd.3.
8582 Fixed argument type for BLKGETSIZE.
8587 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8588 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8589 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8591 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8593 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files and shared
8594 memory regions, including SHM_HUGE regions.
8596 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8597 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8599 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8602 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8603 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8606 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8608 added mmap(2), shmget(2), shmat(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8613 Add text noting that PROT_WRITE may (and on x86 does)
8615 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=441387
8629 Update arches/kernel versions for PR_SET_UNALAIGN / PR_GET_UNALIGN.
8633 Removed SEE ALSO reference to nonexistent fadvise.2.
8637 Place SYNOPSIS comments inside C comments (/* ... */).
8641 Note what thread is affected if 'pid' is specified
8642 as 0, or as the value returned by getpid().
8644 sched_setscheduler.2
8646 Add text on real-time features of mainline Linux kernel.
8650 sync SYNOPSIS with select.2
8655 changed the "policy" parameter to "mode" throughout the
8656 descriptions in an attempt to promote the concept that the memory
8657 policy is a tuple consisting of a mode and optional set of nodes.
8659 added requirement to link '-lnuma' to synopsis
8661 rewrite portions of description for clarification.
8663 clarify interaction of policy with mmap()'d files.
8665 defined how "empty set of nodes" specified and what this
8666 means for MPOL_PREFERRED.
8668 mention what happens if local/target node contains no
8671 clarify semantics of multiple nodes to BIND policy.
8672 Note: subject to change. We'll fix the man pages when/if
8675 added all errors currently returned by sys call.
8677 added mmap(2) to SEE ALSO list.
8681 s/si_sign/si_errno/ in statement about which field is unused.
8683 s/SIGILL/SIGCHLD/ for paragraph describing SIGCHLD.
8687 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8691 EINVAL also occurs if target path is on tmpfs or similar.
8692 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435885
8696 Incorporated material from now deleted fdatasync.2.
8700 Small fix in example program.
8704 Improve text describing underlying system calls.
8707 Vincent Lefevre / mtk
8708 Clarify utimes() behaviour when 'times' is NULL.
8709 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=431480
8711 Other minor clarifications of description of utimes().
8715 s/sign/sign bit/ to remove ambiguity in description.
8716 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435415
8720 Changed NOTES to VERSIONS.
8724 Add ffsl and ffsll to NAME line.
8728 Removed statement that fts functions are expected to appear
8729 soon in POSIX; it's years old and has not yet come to pass.
8733 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8737 Add getdate_r to NAME section.
8741 Fixes/improvements for example program.
8745 Add documentation for gethostbyaddr_r().
8746 Plus a few other small fixes.
8750 Add gethostbyname2, gethostbyname2_r, gethostbyname_r,
8751 gethostent_r to NAME line.
8755 Fix misnamed function references.
8759 Fix small error in example program.
8763 Add setrpcent and endrpcent to NAME line.
8767 Fix gsignal() prototype.
8771 Add hcreate_r, hdestroy_r, hsearch_r to NAME line.
8775 Correct definition of "struct in_addr".
8783 Add islessequal to NAME line.
8787 Fix CONFORMING TO section.
8788 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=417592
8792 Add log1pf and log1pl to NAME line.
8796 After a call to longjmp(), the values of modified, non-volatile
8797 variables in the function that called setjmp() are unspecified.
8801 Fix makecontext() prototype.
8805 Explain what happens for malloc(0), or calloc() where one of the
8808 Added notes on malloc()'s use of sbrk() and mmap().
8810 Add mmap(2), alloca(3) to SEE ALSO.
8820 Add "Link with -lrt." to SYNOPSIS.
8823 Ulrich Drepper; some edits and additional text by mtk
8824 Document fdopendir().
8827 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8828 Document DT_* constants for d_type.
8829 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
8830 Rework discussion of non-standard structure fields.
8834 Minor improvements to example program.
8838 Add vsyslog to NAME section.
8842 Fix XCASE feature test macro description.
8846 Add return type to prototype.
8850 Improve description of num_threads field under /proc/PID/stat.
8852 Fix path error (s%proc/sys%proc/sys/kernel%) in mentions of
8853 /proc/sys/ostype, /proc/sys/osrelease and proc/sys/version.
8855 I noticed things to correct and to clarify in subsection
8856 "/proc/filesystems" of proc.5:
8857 - clarify filesystems listing: not only FS compiled
8858 into the kernel, also FS kernel modules currently loaded
8859 - add a reference to fs(5)
8860 - add an explanation for FS marked with "nodev"
8861 - s/mount(1)/mount(8)/, also corrected in section "SEE ALSO"
8862 - clarify usage by mount: the current wording may lead to
8863 think /proc/filesystems is always used by mount when no FS
8864 is specified. So, usage of "may" which IMHO is more
8865 appropriate + additional explanations
8866 In mount(8) we can see:
8868 If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is
8869 specified, mount will try to guess the desired type.
8870 If mount was compiled with the blkid library, the
8871 guessing is done by this library. Otherwise, mount
8872 guesses itself by probing the superblock; if that
8873 does not turn up anything that looks familiar,
8874 mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems,
8875 or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems.
8876 All of the filesystem types listed there will be
8877 tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev"
8878 (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems
8879 ends in a line with a single * only, mount will
8880 read /proc/filesystems afterwards.
8882 Since linux 2.6.11, /proc/stat has an eighth value for cpu
8883 lines: stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating
8884 systems when running in a virtualized environment.
8887 Updated BUGS text referring to jiffies; refer to time.7 instead.
8891 Add words to note that file system ID is Linux specific.
8895 This is some corrections for hier.7:
8896 - missing period for /media and /mnt
8897 - /mnt description is not totally correct, it is true for some
8898 distributions but in others /mnt is used as a temporary FS
8899 mount point, as it is specified by FHS:
8900 http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#MNTMOUNTPOINTFORATEMPORARILYMOUNT
8901 - s/X-Windows/X-Window/ (3 occurrences)
8902 - section "SEE ALSO": s/mount(1)/mount(8)/
8908 mtk / Nicolas François
8909 Nowadays tmac.XXX are called XXX.tmac.
8913 Update text about modern threading implementations
8914 (NPTL vs LinuxThreads).
8917 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen
8918 Clarify that SO_SNDTIMEO and SO_RCVTIMEO only have effect for
8919 socket I/O calls; not for multiplexing system calls like
8920 select() and poll().
8924 Add SEE ALSO reference to new timeradd.3.
8927 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.66 ====================
8929 Released: 2007-10-01
8935 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
8936 been incorporated in changes in this release:
8938 Amit K. Arora <aarora@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
8939 David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
8940 Fredrik Noring <noring@nocrew.org>
8941 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
8942 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
8943 Ollie Wild <aaw@google.com>
8944 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
8946 Apologies if I missed anyone!
8952 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
8960 David Chinner, with some input from Amit Amora and mtk
8961 Describes the fallocate() system call, new in 2.6.23.
8964 Changes to individual pages
8965 ---------------------------
8969 Add text cautioning about use of close() in
8970 multithreaded programs.
8974 Add text describing limit on total size of argv + envp,
8975 and changes that occurred with 2.6.23.
8977 Add getopt(3) to SEE ALSO list.
8980 mtk, Acked by Ulrich Drepper
8981 Added description of O_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23) + other
8982 minor fixes for O_DIRECT.
8986 Added description of MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC (new in 2.6.23).
8990 Strengthened the warning against using this system call
8991 and note that it may disappear in a future kernel version.
8995 Fix type definition for 'protocol' in prototypes of pmap_set()
8999 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.67 ====================
9001 Released: 2007-10-08
9007 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9008 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9010 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
9011 Andrew Josey <a.josey@opengroup.org>
9012 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9014 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9022 mtk, after a note by Andi Kleen and consultation with Andrew Josey.
9023 Add a PROLOG section:
9024 This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
9025 The Linux implementation of this interface may differ
9026 (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details
9027 of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented
9034 Some formatting fixes, mostly to get rid of unwanted
9035 spaces before "," in formatted output.
9040 Change all occurrences of my email address in man-pages source
9041 to my new gmail address.
9045 I noticed useless use of macros with alternating formatting
9046 (".IR" instead ".I" which suffices, ".BR" instead ".B", etc.)
9047 because there is only one element. For example in ldconfig.8:
9052 This is not very important, it only makes the sources more tidy.
9053 To find these I used:
9055 egrep '^\.(B[RI]|R[IB]|I[RB]) ([^ ]+|\"[^\"]\+\")$'
9057 And if you want to make these changes, you can use:
9059 sed 's/^\(\.[BRI]\)[BRI]\( \([^ ]\+\|\"[^\"]\+\"\)\)$/\1\2/g'
9062 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.68 ====================
9064 Released: 2007-11-19
9070 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9071 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9073 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
9074 Andrew McDonald <andrew@mcdonald.org.uk>
9075 Geoff Clare <gclare@gclare.org.uk>
9076 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
9077 Hyokyong Kim <hyokyong@ppj.kr>
9078 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
9079 Justin Pryzby <jpryzby+d@quoininc.com>
9080 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9081 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9082 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
9083 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
9084 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9085 Timo Juhani Lindfors <timo.lindfors@iki.fi>
9086 Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
9088 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9106 mtk, after http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445436
9107 by Timo Juhani Lindfors
9108 Added <fcntl.h> to SYNOPSIS.
9110 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9118 Created as a new page, by taking the content specific to
9119 the _syscall() macros from intro(2).
9122 Changes to individual pages
9123 ---------------------------
9129 man-pages-*-Announce
9131 Brought the info in here up to date.
9135 Added intro paragraph about section, plus a paragraph
9136 about exit status values.
9137 Move "user intro" text to NOTES.
9141 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9145 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9146 Moved _syscallN() material to new _syscall(2) page.
9150 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9154 Fix syntax error in example program.
9158 Linux 2.6.22 added support on Alpha for PR_SET_UNALIGN.
9161 Nicolas François / mtk
9162 s/PTRACE_POKEUSR/PTRACE_POKEUSER/
9163 s/PTRACE_PEEKUSR/PTRACE_PEEKUSER/
9167 Add text describing timerfd EINVAL error for read(2).
9171 Reorder ERRORS sections alphabetically
9175 Added _syscall(2) and intro(2) to SEE ALSO section.
9179 Added fallocate(2); removed timerfd(2).
9183 Removed reference to example in intro(2).
9187 Added "Link with -ldl." to SYNOPSIS.
9190 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9191 Remove references to getipnodebyname.3 and getipnodebyaddr.3.
9194 mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9195 Remove SEE ALSO references to getipnodebyname.3 and
9198 Pádraig Brady / mtk / Ulrich Drepper
9199 Point out that the functions described on this page
9200 are made obsolete by getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3).
9204 Clarify that glibc does not implement these functions.
9207 Ulrich Drepper / mtk
9208 Fix description of GLOB_ONLYDIR.
9210 Added description of GLOB_TILDE_NOMATCH.
9211 Expanded the description of various flags.
9212 Various wording fixes..
9216 Pretty much a complete rewrite, covering some additional topics.
9220 Add SEE ALSO referring to fallocate.2.
9224 Add some arg declarations to prototypes; fix typos.
9228 Fix text in BUGS section.
9232 The sigset() bugs were fixed in glibc 2.5.
9233 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=1951
9241 Various small corrections, formattings and modifications.
9246 - new p_flag: PT_GNU_STACK
9247 - new sections: .gnu.version .gnu.version_d .gnu.version_r
9249 - new structures: ElfN_Verdef ElfN_Verdaux ElfN_Verneed
9257 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9258 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9259 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9261 Update description of /proc/pci.
9263 Give italic formatting to file names in proc.5.
9265 The display type of the /proc/PID/stat fields changed
9266 %lu to %u in Linux 2.6.22:
9272 Ivana Varekova / mtk
9273 Add text noting that since kernel 2.6.16, /proc/slabinfo is
9274 only available if CONFIG_SLAB is enabled.
9282 Update references to files in kernel "Documentation" directory.
9290 Fix description of IPV6_ROUTER_ALERT option.
9294 Note online location of C99 standard.
9298 Some rewrites, plus new paragraph on exit status values.
9301 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.69 ====================
9303 Released: 2007-12-03
9309 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9310 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9312 Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
9313 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9314 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
9315 J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu>
9316 David Härdeman <david@hardeman.nu>
9317 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9318 Luke Browning <lukebr@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
9319 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9320 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9321 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
9322 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
9323 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9325 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9333 Many whitespace clean-ups in formatted output.
9340 David Härdeman / mtk
9341 Rename error handling function in example program
9342 (s/die/handle_error/).
9344 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9353 The content of these files is now available in HTML format.
9363 Changes to individual pages
9364 ---------------------------
9368 Added "Linux User's Manual" to .TH line.
9372 Remove outdated text about pointer blocks for syscalls that have
9373 more than 5 arguments.
9377 Add warning that mandatory locking is unreliable.
9379 Clarify details in description of file leases.
9380 J. Bruce Fields / mtk
9381 Minor wording edits.
9383 Add F_GETLEASE under RETURN VALUE.
9387 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9389 sched_setscheduler.2
9391 Add BUGS text noting that the return value from Linux
9392 sched_setschuler() does not conform to POSIX.
9396 Various updates and improvements.
9398 Refinement of text describing a "gang".
9404 Various updates and improvements.
9410 Remove HISTORY section.
9414 Document 'e' (close-on-exec) option, new in glibc 2.7.
9418 Remove HISTORY section.
9421 Andries E. Brouwer / mtk
9422 Fix the discussion of stdarg macros in the description of
9423 vprintf() description.
9427 Handle errors using a custom handle_error() macro.
9431 Note that sigset_t objects must be initialized
9432 with sigemptyset() or sigfillset() before the other
9433 macros are employed.
9436 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9437 Added cfsetspeed() to SYNOPSIS. Added text under CONFORMING TO
9438 noting that cfsetspeed() is BSD specific.
9442 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9443 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9444 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9447 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
9448 Move "Configuration" section to top of page (like other
9449 section 4 pages) and make it a .SH section.
9453 Re-ordered CONFIGURATION section to go before DESCRIPTION.
9457 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9461 Renamed HISTORY section to NOTES, and removed BSD specific info.
9465 Mention grub(8) in same sentence as lilo(8).
9467 Improve description of /proc/sys/abi and
9468 /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe.
9472 Various references to "getty" were changed to "mingetty", since
9473 that is the manual page more likely to be found on current
9474 systems. (Completes changes that were made in man-pages-2.44.)
9478 Reverse the 2.68 change applied by mtk in response to
9479 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=445085
9480 that replaced "Sorbian" with "Serbian".
9481 (Sorbian is a language of 50000 people in Brandenburg.)
9485 Added CONFIGURATION to list of "standard" section names.
9489 Various updates and improvements.
9495 Fix reference to kernel Documentation file.
9498 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.70 ====================
9500 Released: 2007-12-06
9508 Remove section numbers for page references where the
9509 reference refers to the page itself. (This stops man2html
9510 producing links from a page back to itself.)
9512 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9515 Changes to individual pages
9516 ---------------------------
9520 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9524 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9528 Add CONFORMING TO section.
9532 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entries.
9536 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9540 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9541 Add SEE ALSO referring to vmsplice(2).
9545 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9546 Add SEE ALSO referring to ccos(3).
9550 Add gethostbyaddr_r to NAME section.
9554 Remove redundant SEE ALSO entry.
9565 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.71 ====================
9567 Released: 2007-12-14
9573 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9574 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9576 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9577 John Sigler <linux.kernel@free.fr>
9578 Josh Triplett <josh@freedesktop.org>
9579 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9580 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9581 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9583 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9599 Replaced the use of mdoc macros on these pages with man
9600 macros. The only pages in man-pages that still use
9601 mdoc macros are mdoc.7 and mdoc.samples.7.
9603 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9611 This information is now on the website.
9614 Changes to individual pages
9615 ---------------------------
9619 Reformat various change log entries to use a consistent format.
9620 Expand Debian bug report numbers to be URLs.
9621 Other minor tidy-ups.
9625 Document the F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC operation, which is
9626 new in kernel 2.6.24.
9630 Fix incorrect path for somaxconn.
9634 Add ENOENT error to ERRORS.
9638 Add documentation of _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF and _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN.
9642 Add tty_ioctl(4) to SEE ALSO list.
9645 Pascal MALAISE <malaise@magic.fr>
9646 Separate text on back references from that describing basic regexps,
9647 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=379829.
9649 Remove crufty text about word boundaries.
9652 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.72 ====================
9654 Released: 2007-12-14
9660 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9661 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9663 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9664 Alex Tuninga <atuninga@google.com>
9665 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
9666 Maxime Vaudequin <maxime.vaudequin@gmail.com>
9667 Rob Weryk <rjweryk@uwo.ca>
9668 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9670 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9678 Format include files consistently (".I <.*\.h>").
9682 Format pathname in italics (.I).
9688 Remove brackets ([]) around error names.
9696 mtk / Maxime Vaudequin
9697 Some systems have mingetty(8), others have agetty(8), so both
9698 should be mentioned when we are talking about getty-style programs.
9701 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9725 Link to filesystems.5.
9728 Changes to individual pages
9729 ---------------------------
9733 Fix declaration of 'offset' in SYNOPSIS.
9737 s/SETGUID/SETEUID/ in .TH line.
9741 Fixed include files references / formatting.
9744 mtk, after a note by Alex Tuninga
9745 A fairly significant rewrite to clarify operation of abort().
9749 s/envz/envz_add/ in SEE ALSO.
9753 s/DIRNAME/BASENAME/ in .TH line, and swap function names
9758 s/argz/argz_add/ in SEE ALSO.
9762 s/LOCKFILE/FLOCKFILE/ in .TH line.
9766 s/GETGRENT/GETGRENT_R/ in .TH line.
9770 Reformat function list at end of page as a proper table.
9774 Revert earlier s/getty/mingetty/. This page talks about
9775 historical behavior, and that means "getty(8)".
9779 Remove reference to "obstack stuff"; it's not clear what
9784 s/CONSOLE_IOCTLS/CONSOLE_IOCTL/ in .TH line.
9788 s/fs (5)/filesystems (5)/
9792 Improve discussion of formatting of file names.
9795 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.73 ====================
9797 Released: 2007-12-14
9803 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9804 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9806 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9807 Pádraig Brady <P@draigBrady.com>
9808 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
9810 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9820 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9823 Changes to individual pages
9824 ---------------------------
9827 mtk, after a report by Reuben Thomas
9828 Clarify use of mkfifo() versus mknod().
9829 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=455825
9841 Noted feature test macro requirements.
9842 BUGS: noted that iruserok() is not declared in glibc headers.
9846 Added Reiserfs, XFS, JFS to list of file systems.
9849 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.74 ====================
9851 Released: 2007-12-20
9857 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9858 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9860 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9861 Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
9862 David Brown <lkml@davidb.org>
9863 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9864 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
9865 Sam Morris <sam@robots.org.uk>
9866 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
9867 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
9869 Apologies if I missed anyone!
9889 Make the standard indent for code samples, shell session
9890 logs, etc. to be ".in +4n".
9892 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
9895 Changes to individual pages
9896 ---------------------------
9900 Nowadays there is _syscall6() also.
9904 Various minor formatting changes.
9908 Fix types in structs.
9912 mtk, after a note by Sam Morris
9913 Clarify that MS_NODIRATIME provides a subset of the
9914 functionality provided by MS_NOATIME.
9918 Minor rearrangement of text.
9922 Fix (my) typos in argument names.
9927 We can use context FDs for the dirfd argument to the *at() syscalls.
9930 mtk, after a note from David Brown and Andrew Morton
9931 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119447727031225&w=2
9932 Rework the text describing the return value to be closer
9933 to the requirements of POSIX.1; move Linux details
9934 to NOTES and add a warning not to rely on those details.
9935 Add a warning about the -1 to -4095 bug which results
9936 in a 41 second window where the glibc wrapper will wrongly
9937 return -1 indicating an error.
9939 Remove cruft HZ text.
9940 Clarify text describing return value of clock(3).
9944 CONFORMING TO: getw() and putw() were in SUSv2, but are not
9949 Minor rewordings + formatting fixes.
9953 Many formatting fixes.
9955 Place ERRORS in alphabetical order.
9959 Document VT_GETHIFONTMASK (new in 2.6.18) and add to example program;
9960 attribute/text characters are in the host byte order.
9961 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=456437
9971 Minor heading changes and reformattings.
9975 Note that code segments, structure definitions, shell session
9976 logs, should be indented by 4 spaces.
9980 Add a little information about the differences to mbox.
9983 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.75 ====================
9985 Released: 2008-01-08
9991 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
9992 been incorporated in changes in this release:
9994 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
9995 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
9996 Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se>
9997 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
9998 Justin Pryzby <jpryzby+d@quoinic.com>
9999 Phil Endecott <spam_from_debian_bugs_4@chezphil.org>
10000 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10001 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
10002 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
10003 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
10005 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10013 (Grammatical) hyphenation was fixed in many places.
10028 Justin Pryzby / mtk
10029 Fix incorrect usage of "a" and "an" before following vowel /
10030 consonant, by reviewing the output of the following scripts:
10032 for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do
10034 MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null |
10035 egrep '(^| )an [^aeiou][a-z]'
10038 for a in $(wc */*.? | awk '$1 > 10 {print $4}' | gv total); do
10040 MANWIDTH=4000 man -l $a 2>/dev/null |
10041 egrep '(^| )a [aeiou][a-z]'
10051 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
10052 Improve macros used in 2.71 to convert from "mdoc" to "man".
10068 sched_setscheduler.2
10088 s/current process/calling process/
10107 s/x86/i386/ since that is the name used in 'arch' directories
10108 in the kernel source, and previously both i386 and x86 were both
10109 used in man pages; also nowadays 'x86' is somewhat ambiguous,
10110 since it is the name of the 'arch' directory for i386 and x86-64.
10135 Various reformattings.
10146 Format SYNOPSIS in a manner consistent with other pages.
10150 Format casts so that there is a non-breaking space after the
10151 type, and remove unnecessary parentheses around the casted value.
10152 Thus, for example, the following:
10154 .IR "(size_t) (\-1)" .
10158 .IR "(size_t)\ \-1" .
10162 Replace "-" by "\-" where a real dash is required.
10166 Make the formatting of instances of '*varname' consistent, changing
10195 Format SYNOPSIS consistently.
10204 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
10205 Standardize sentence used under "Feature Test Macro Requirements"
10206 when referring to all functions shown in the SYNOPSIS.
10222 Indent structure definitions by +4n.
10242 Use C99 standard types in declarations.
10243 s/u_long/unsigned long/
10244 s/ulong/unsigned long/
10245 s/u_char/unsigned char/
10246 s/u_short/unsigned short/
10247 s/ushort/unsigned short/
10248 s/u_int8_t/uint8_t/
10249 s/u_int16_t/uint16_t/
10250 s/u_int32_t/uint32_t/
10251 s/u_int/unsigned int/
10258 sched_setaffinity.2
10274 feature_test_macros.7
10279 Fix unbalanced .nf/.fi pairs.
10288 feature_test_macros.7
10293 Rename argument: s/file*des/fd/ , since that is the name most
10294 commonly used on man pages for a file descriptor argument.
10304 Removed .SM macros.
10311 Remove extraneous .br macro before/after .SH/.SS.
10321 canonicalize_file_name.3
10332 Remove extraneous .sp macros.
10344 Remove/replace extraneous .sp macros.
10346 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10349 Changes to individual pages
10350 ---------------------------
10354 Nowadays there are seven macros (see 2.74 change log also).
10357 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen
10358 Clarify interpretation of 'addr'; plus a few other minor edits
10367 Clarify relationship between file descriptor and open file
10371 mtk, Acked by Andi Kleen
10372 Since kernel 2.2, AF_UNSPEC for unconnecting a connected
10373 socket *is* supported.
10381 Remove duplicate "#include <fcntl.h>" from SYNOPSIS.
10385 Add getresgid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10393 Rewrote various parts.
10397 Add getresuid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10401 Use proper tables for layout, and various formatting fixes.
10403 Various formatting fixes.
10407 Rewrote various parts.
10410 Andi Kleen / mtk / Alain Portal
10411 Modify explanation of EINVAL 'maxnode' error.
10415 Add comma to clarify meaning of a sentence.
10419 Clarify initial description of O_EXCL.
10420 Clarify description of behaviors of O_CREAT | O_EXCL
10421 for symbolic links.
10422 Clarify text describing use of lockfiles without O_EXCL.
10423 mtk, with input from Timo Sirainen and Trond Myklebust
10424 O_EXCL is supported on NFSv3 and later, with Linux 2.6 and later.
10428 Rename 'filedes' argument 'pipefd'.
10432 s/cwd/current working directory/
10440 Add credentials(7) to SEE ALSO, and updated copyright credits,
10441 to reflect my rewrite of a few months ago.
10445 Add getsid(2) and credentials(7) to SEE ALSO.
10448 Alain Portal / mtk; acked by Jeremy Kerr
10449 Minor formatting/wording changes.
10451 Put EPERM in right alphabetical position in ERRORS list.
10459 Minor changes to example program.
10463 These functions are still not present as at glibc 2.7.
10467 Various minor spelling and formatting fixes.
10475 Fix placement of feature test macro in SYNOPSIS.
10484 Minor changes to example program.
10489 Use modern C prototypes in SYNOPSIS.
10499 Use .IP tags to create properly formatted lists.
10503 Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes.
10504 Add text and start of page describing header files
10505 and types required by functions.
10506 Reformat discussion of request under clnt_control().
10510 Convert function declarations to use modern C prototypes.
10511 Remove crufty "int empty" from xdrrec_eof() description.
10515 Relocate misplaced line:
10516 "and if LF/NL (new line mode) is set also a carriage return;"
10517 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458338.
10524 mtk, after a note by Alan Portal
10525 Fix reference to kernel documentation source file in the
10526 "The Sound Driver" subsection.
10530 Move CONFIGURATION description after SYNOPSIS description.
10532 Note that header files should be surrounded by angle brackets (<>).
10536 Minor formatting and wording fixes.
10540 Fix description of RTM_F_EQUALIZE.
10541 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=458325.
10545 Minor formatting and wording fixes.
10549 Small rewording of discussion of O_ASYNC.
10552 mtk / Jeremy Kerr / Alain Portal
10556 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.76 ====================
10558 Released: 2008-01-14
10564 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10565 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10567 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
10568 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon <carenas@sajinet.com.pe>
10569 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
10570 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10571 Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
10573 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10587 Rework/remove use of ".ad" macros.
10600 Fix unbalanced quotes in formatting macros.
10604 s/i-node/inode/, for consistency with other pages and POSIX.1-2001.
10606 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10609 Changes to individual pages
10610 ---------------------------
10614 Minor wording change.
10618 Reordered text in DESCRIPTION and added some details for dup2().
10621 Trond Myklebust / mtk
10622 Minor fix to O_EXCL changes in previous release.
10626 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; noted that thread ID is not the same
10627 thing as a POSIX thread ID.
10631 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; minor additions to EXAMPLE text.
10635 A few rewrites and additions.
10638 Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belon / mtk
10639 Add "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE" to example program.
10643 Use quotes more consistently in formatting macros.
10646 mtk, after a report by Daniel Kahn Gilmor
10647 Add 2.6 details for /proc/sys/kernel/random/poolsize.
10648 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=459232.
10656 Define abbreviation "MSS".
10659 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.77 ====================
10661 Released: 2008-01-31
10667 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10668 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10670 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
10671 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
10672 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
10673 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
10674 WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
10676 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10685 Fix broken use of single quotes at start of line,
10686 as per: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462636
10688 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10695 Script to remove the COLOPHON section from the man pages provided
10696 as command-line arguments. This is useful to remove the COLOPHON
10697 sections from all of the man pages in two different release trees
10698 in order to do a "diff -ruN" to see the "real" differences
10702 Changes to individual pages
10703 ---------------------------
10707 Replace tables with .TP macros.
10711 Added discussion of directory streams.
10712 Removed "#include <sys/types>" from SYNOPSIS.
10713 Changed authorship notice.
10717 Add ENOSYS error to errors.
10719 Explicitly describe return value in the event of an error.
10721 inotify_add_watch.2
10723 Minor wording changes.
10727 Fix types for 2 and 4 arguments in splice prototype.
10731 Clarify description of return value for WNOHANG.
10735 Rewrote DESCRIPTION; emphasized that tkill() is obsoleted by
10740 Change description in NAME section.
10741 Various rewrites and additions (including notes on longjmp() and
10743 mtk / Vincent Lefevre
10744 Weaken warning against use of alloca(), and
10745 point out some cases where it can be useful;
10746 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=461100.
10754 Replace tables with .TP macros.
10755 s/MultiSource Synchronization/MultiSource Synchronization (MSS)/
10758 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.78 ====================
10760 Released: 2008-02-15
10766 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10767 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10769 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
10770 Greg Banks <gnb@melbourne.sgi.com>
10771 Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
10772 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
10774 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10785 Add SEE ALSO entry referring to new signalfd.2 page.
10787 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10794 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10795 Documents the eventfd() system call, new in 2.6.22.
10798 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10799 Documents the signalfd() system call, new in 2.6.22.
10801 Changes to individual pages
10802 ---------------------------
10805 mtk / Phil Endecott
10806 Improve wording describing error returns.
10810 Greatly expand the detail on O_DIRECT.
10813 mtk / Michael Tokarev
10814 Fix RETURN VALUE description: in some cases reboot() does not
10817 Rename the 'flag' argument to 'cmd', since that is more meaningful,
10818 and also what is used in the kernel source.
10819 Other minor wording changes.
10822 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.79 ====================
10824 Released: 2008-03-07
10830 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
10831 been incorporated in changes in this release:
10833 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
10834 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
10835 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
10836 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
10837 Heikki Orsila <shdl@zakalwe.fi>
10838 Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
10839 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
10840 Lasse Kärkkäinen <tronic@trn.iki.fi>
10841 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
10842 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
10843 Ron Burk <ronburk@gmail.com>
10844 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
10845 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
10846 Walter Harms <WHarms@bfs.de>
10848 Apologies if I missed anyone!
10854 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
10861 mtk, with input and review from Davide Libenzi
10862 Documents the timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and
10863 timerfd_gettime() system calls, which are new in 2.6.25.
10872 Links to new timerfd_create.2 page.
10877 Links to eventfd.2.
10880 Changes to individual pages
10881 ---------------------------
10885 Remove code relating to man1/README, which no longer exists.
10889 Clarify detail of RLIMIT_STACK/4 limit for argv+environ.
10893 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2.
10901 Move discussion of 'mode' argument under description of O_CREAT.
10905 Fix type for 'ssi_ptr' field.
10906 See http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2008-01/msg00002.html.
10910 Add timerfd_create(), timerfd_settime(), and timerfd_gettime()
10915 Add info on command type 10.
10916 Add details on types 6, 7, 8, and 9.
10919 Update LOG_BUF_LEN details.
10920 Update RETURN VALUE section.
10921 Notes capability requirements under EPERM error.
10922 Minor fix to description of type==3 and type==4.
10927 Note that POSIX requires localtime() to act as though tzset()
10928 was called, but localtime_r() does not have the same requirement.
10929 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/2034/
10933 Clarify discussion of NULL 'hints' argument; other minor rewrites.
10934 mtk / Sam Varshavchik
10935 Remove some duplicated text.
10938 Lasse Kärkkäinen / Mike Frysinger / mtk
10939 Clarify description of realloc() behavior for
10940 ((size == 0) && (ptr != NULL)).
10944 s/stdlib.h/fcntl.h/ in SYNOPSIS.
10947 Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao
10948 Update /proc/[number]/cmdline description.
10949 It used to be true that the command line arguments were
10950 not accessible when the process had been swapped out.
10951 In ancient kernels (circa 2.0.*) the problem was that the
10952 kernel relied on get_phys_addr to access the user space buffer,
10953 which stopped working as soon as the process was swapped out.
10954 Recent kernels use get_user_pages for the same purpose and thus
10955 they should not have that limitation.
10958 Davide Libenzi / mtk
10959 Clarify the somewhat unintuitive behavior that occurs if a file
10960 descriptor in an epoll set is closed while other file descriptors
10961 referring to the same underlying open file description remain
10963 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/596462/.
10965 Clarify error that occurs if we add an epoll fd to its own set.
10967 A few minor rewordings.
10968 mtk, after a note by Chris Heath
10969 Rework Q1/A1, describing what happens when adding the same
10970 file descriptor twice to an epoll set, and when adding duplicate
10971 file descriptors to the same epoll set.
10972 Heikki Orsila / mtk / Davide Libenzi
10973 Clarify Q9/A9 to discuss packet/token-oriented files.
10974 mtk, after comments by Davide Libenzi and Chris Heath
10975 Added Q0/A0, making explicit that the key for items in an epoll
10976 set is [file descriptor, open file description].
10977 mtk, after a note by Ron Burk
10978 Change A3, to note that when events are available,
10979 the epoll file descriptor will indicate as being readable.
10981 Add some further explanation to Q5/A5 about why an epoll file
10982 descriptor cannot be passed across a Unix domain socket.
10986 Add SEE ALSO entry for standards(7).
10990 Add grep(1) to SEE ALSO.
10991 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=348552.
10995 Add SEE ALSO entry for posixoptions(7).
10999 Added SEE ALSO entry referring to timerfd_create.2.
11002 ==================== Changes in man-pages-2.80 ====================
11004 Released: 2008-06-05
11010 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11011 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11013 Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
11014 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
11015 Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
11016 Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
11017 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
11018 Anoop <acv@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
11019 Aurelien Gerome <ag@roxor.cx>
11020 Daniel Burr <dburr@topcon.com>
11021 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
11022 Felix Kater <fkater@googlemail.com>
11023 Folkert van Heusden <folkert@vanheusden.com>
11024 Hamaji Shinichiro <shinichiro.hamaji@gmail.com>
11025 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.fi>
11026 Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
11027 Justin Pryzby <justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net>
11028 Karsten Weiss <K.Weiss@science-computing.de>
11029 Martin Pitt <mpitt@debian.org>
11030 Marty Leisner <leisner@rochester.rr.com>
11031 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@trialog.com>
11032 Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
11033 Petter Reinholdtsen <pere@hungry.com>
11034 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
11035 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
11036 Stuart Brady <sdbrady@ntlworld.com>
11037 Theodoros V. Kalamatianos <thkala@softlab.ece.ntua.gr>
11038 Thomas Huriaux <thomas.huriaux@gmail.com>
11039 Tim Stoakes <tim@stoakes.net>
11040 Timothy Baldwin <T.E.Baldwin99@members.leeds.ac.uk>
11041 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
11043 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11050 inotify_add_watch.2
11060 Replace "(il)legal" by "(not) permitted" or "(in)valid".
11067 s/time stamp/timestamp/, for consistency with majority use
11068 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11078 Change name of 'start' argument to 'addr' for consistency
11080 * other memory-related interfaces
11081 * POSIX specification (for those interfaces in POSIX)
11082 * Linux and glibc source code (in at least some cases)
11086 s/filesystem/file system/, for consistency with majority use
11087 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11091 s/zeroes/zeros/, for consistency with majority use
11092 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11097 s/builtin/built-in/, for consistency with majority use
11098 in other pages, and in POSIX.1.
11103 s/normal file/regular file/
11107 s/nonempty/non-empty/
11111 s/nonzero/non-zero/
11115 s/realtime/real-time/, for consistency with majority usage.
11119 s/command line/command-line/ when used attributively.
11123 Use "run time" when non-attributive, "run-time" when attributive.
11127 Various pages that I wrote carried a slightly modified version
11128 of the "verbatim" license. In the interests of minimizing
11129 license proliferation, I've reverted the modified form
11130 so that the license is exactly the same as on other pages
11131 carrying the verbatim license.
11138 s/since kernel x.y.z/since Linux x.y.z/
11143 Reformat kernel version information for flags.
11145 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
11146 (Special thanks to Nicolas François.)
11153 mtk, after a suggestion by aeb
11154 Documents random_r(3), srandom_r(3), initstate_r(3), and
11155 setstate_r(3), which are the reentrant equivalents of
11156 random(3), srandom(3), initstate(3), and setstate(3).
11170 Links to random_r.3.
11186 Links to encrypt.3.
11189 Changes to individual pages
11190 ---------------------------
11194 Added note that CLONE_STOPPED (which no-one uses anyway) is
11199 Add NOTES section pointing out that 'size' argument is unused
11200 since kernel 2.6.8.
11204 Added portability note to BUGS text for EPOLL_CTL_DEL.
11208 If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then epoll_pwait() is equivalent
11213 NOTES: since glibc 2.3.3, the glibc NPTL fork() wrapper
11214 bypasses the fork() system call to invoke clone() with
11215 flags providing equivalent functionality.
11218 mtk, after a note from Adrian Bunk
11219 FUTEX_FD has been removed, as of kernel 2.6.26.
11223 Note that this system call is made obsolete by utimensat(2).
11226 Petter Reinholdtsen
11227 SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3).
11228 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284.
11230 NGROUPS_MAX increased in kernel 2.6.4.
11231 SEE ALSO: Add credentials(7).
11233 Reformat DESCRIPTION and RETURN VALUE sections to be more
11234 consistent with man-pages style.
11235 Add some more detail to descriptions of system calls.
11236 Clarified what happens if caller of getgroups() is a member of
11237 more than 'size' supplementary groups.
11238 ERRORS: Add ENOMEM.
11241 mtk, after a note from Ingo Molnar
11242 Add text in NOTES about the punchier effect of nice values in
11243 kernel 2.6.23 and later.
11244 Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-nice-design.txt to SEE ALSO list.
11248 Added VERSIONS section noting that this system call first
11249 appeared in 2.4.11.
11252 Marty Leisner / mtk
11253 Add text explicitly noting that sig==0 can be used to check for
11254 the existence of a PID or PGID.
11256 A few minor rewordings.
11260 The location of the numactl package has changed.
11264 Added some .SS headings to make structure of page a little
11266 mtk, with input from Nick Piggin
11267 MAP_POPULATE supports both file and anonymous mappings.
11268 Since 2.6.23, MAP_POPULATE supports private mappings.
11269 Since 2.6.23, MAP_NONBLOCK causes MAP_POPULATE to be a no-op.
11271 NOTES: Added details on mapping address that is selected by
11272 kernel when MAP_FIXED is / isn't specified.
11276 The MS_REMOUNT changes in 2.4 were at 2.4.10 (not 2.4).
11278 Minor wording change.
11282 Clarify that "unused" fields in msginfo structure are
11283 "unused within the kernel".
11284 msginfo.msgpool is measured in kilobytes, not bytes.
11285 Minor rewordings in comments for msginfo structure.
11289 Various minor rewordings and restructurings for clarity.
11290 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas
11291 Remove "msgop" from NAME section.
11295 Clarify meaning of "BSD group semantics".
11296 SEE ALSO: add chown(2).
11300 SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2).
11304 SEE ALSO: add mprotect(2) and shmat(2).
11308 SYNOPSIS: s/size_t \*len/size_t len/
11312 Note that O_CLOEXEC should be in the next POSIX.1 revision.
11314 More than just ext2 supports "mount -o bsdgroups" nowadays,
11315 so make the discussion about group ownership of new files a bit
11318 SEE ALSO: add chown(2) and chmod(2).
11322 If the 'sigmask' is NULL, then ppoll() is equivalent to poll()
11323 with respect to signal mask manipulations.
11327 s/posix_madvise (2)/posix_madvise (3)/;
11328 (The referred-to page still doesn't exist yet, but hopefully
11329 will do sometime soon.)
11332 Anoop, Acked by Roland McGrath.
11333 Re PTRACE_PEEKUSER: the offsets and data returned might not
11334 match with the definition of struct user.
11335 See also http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/8/375
11339 Improve wording for EAGAIN error in discussion of MSG_DONTWAIT.
11343 POSIX.1 also allows EEXIST for the ENOTEMPTY error condition.
11344 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=467552.
11346 sched_setscheduler.2
11347 mtk, with input from Ingo Molnar
11348 Add description of SCHED_IDLE policy (new in 2.6.23).
11349 Tweak description of SCHED_BATCH.
11354 Various wording clean-ups.
11358 Clarify that "unused" fields in seminfo structure are
11359 "unused within the kernel".
11360 Minor rewordings in comments for seminfo structure.
11364 Small fix in example code.
11367 mtk / Karsten Weiss
11368 Clarify description of setpgid() a little.
11372 Clarify that "unused" fields in shminfo structure are
11373 "unused within the kernel".
11374 Minor rewordings in comments for shminfo structure.
11377 mtk, after a note from Reuben Thomas
11378 Remove "shmop" from NAME section.
11382 Added BUGS text noting that before kernel 2.6.25, the ssi_int
11383 and ssi_ptr fields are not set.
11384 Added comments describing fields in signalfd_siginfo structure.
11385 Update field names in example program (s/signo/ssi_signo/).
11386 Various small fixes, and remove duplicated sentence.
11387 Minor edits to structure definition.
11391 Added some comments to code in NOTES.
11395 Minor wording change.
11399 SEE ALSO: add lchown(2).
11402 mtk / Andrew Morton
11403 Remove statement that (SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE |
11404 SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE | SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER) is
11405 a traditional fdatasync(2) operation.
11406 See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=421482
11407 comments 129 to 131.
11411 This page is now up to date as at kernel 2.6.25.
11415 Small tidy up of language relating to permissions/capabilities.
11419 Minor change to example program.
11420 Minor wording change.
11424 Remove unnecessary subheading for utimes().
11425 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=477402.
11427 Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls
11428 always change *both* timestamps).
11429 CONFORMING TO: utimes() is in POSIX.1-2001.
11431 Rename 'buf' argument of utime() to 'times' (like utimes()).
11432 Clarify explanation of EACCES and EPERM errors.
11433 Remove BUGS section, since it doesn't seem to add useful
11435 Clarified discussion of capabilities, and noted that
11436 CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE also has a role.
11437 Other minor rewordings.
11440 mtk, after a note by Justin Pryzby
11441 Add a sentence clarifying that even though the default disposition
11442 of SIGCHLD is "ignore", explicitly setting the disposition to
11443 SIG_IGN results in different treatment of zombies.
11452 Kevin O'Gorman <kogorman@csc.calpoly.edu>
11453 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS.
11457 s/backtrace_symbols/backtrace_symbols_fd/ in one sentence.
11459 Fix bogus reference to variable 'strings': should be:
11460 "the array of pointers".
11464 Add warning under NOTES that asctime(), ctime(), gmtime(), and
11465 localtime() may each overwrite the static object returned by any
11466 of the other calls.
11471 Add more detail to the description of the fields in the
11472 structure returned by dladdr().
11476 Clean up SYNOPSIS after work by cut-and-paste-Pete:
11477 the necessary header file is <unistd.h> not <sys/time.h>!
11481 Add documentation of lutimes(), which appeared in glibc 2.6.
11483 Change description in NAME line ("or" is not correct: these calls
11484 always change *both* timestamps).
11485 CONFORMING TO: futimes() did not come from 4.2BSD. (It came from
11486 FreeBSD; see the FreeBSD man page.)
11490 Noted that caller must not modify returned value string.
11491 Noted that getenv() is not reentrant: the buffer may be statically
11492 allocated and overwritten by later calls to getenv(), putenv(),
11493 setenv(), or unsetenv().
11494 Other minor rewrites.
11497 Petter Reinholdtsen
11498 SEE ALSO: Add getgrouplist(3).
11499 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=479284.
11503 Add 'h_errno' to NAME list.
11507 Add 'optarg', 'optind', 'opterr', and 'optopt' to NAME section.
11508 Add subheading for getopt_long() and getopt_long_only()
11513 Point out that this function should be avoided in favor of
11515 Add ERRORS section referring to open(2).
11519 SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of valuep.
11520 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476672.
11524 RETURN VALUE: Note circumstances in which successful malloc() and
11525 calloc() can return NULL.
11528 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11529 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h>
11530 is needed for 'mode' constants.
11534 Describe treatment of close-on-exec flag by opendir() and
11539 SEE ALSO: add ttyname(3).
11542 mtk / Timothy Baldwin
11543 Clarify semantics of raise() when called from a multithreaded
11545 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=476484.
11547 Rewrites and additions to various parts of the page.
11550 Tolga Dalman / aeb / mtk
11551 Remove outdated warning in NOTES; encourage the use of
11553 Folkert van Heusden
11554 Clarify wording describing range of values returned by rand().
11557 aeb / mtk / Tolga Dalman
11558 Recommend use or random_r(3) for multithreaded applications
11559 that need independent, reproducible sequences of random numbers.
11561 Move references to "The Art of Computer Programming" and
11562 "Numerical Recipes", formerly in rand(3), to this page.
11564 Add drand48(93) to SEE ALSO list.
11568 Clarify description of 'rm_eo' field.
11571 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11572 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h> is
11573 needed for 'mode' constants.
11577 Added pointer to example in sem_wait(3).
11587 mtk, after a note from Marty Leisner
11588 Add text to SYNOPSIS noting the need to link with "-lrt" or
11593 setenv() copies 'name' and 'value' (contrast with putenv()).
11594 unsetenv() of a nonexistent variable does nothing and is
11595 considered successful.
11596 Noted that setenv() and unsetenv() need not be reentrant.
11599 mtk, after a note by Marty Leisner
11600 Note that <fcntl.h> is needed for O_* constants and <sys/stat.h> is
11601 needed for 'mode' constants.
11605 initstate_r(3), setkey_r(3), setstate_r(3) are now documented.
11613 gethostname() is in Section 2, not section 3.
11617 Fix rendering of ' (backtick) and apostrophe (') in tables
11621 s/unicode.com/unicode.org/
11625 NOTES: Pthreads requires that all threads share the same UIDs and
11626 GIDs. But the Linux kernel maintains separate UIDs and GIDs for
11627 every thread. NPTL does some work to ensure that credential
11628 changes by any thread are carried through to all POSIX threads in
11631 sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX) can be used to determine the number of
11632 supplementary groups that a process may belong to.
11633 Clarify that supplementary group IDs are specified in POSIX.1-2001.
11636 mtk, after a note from Sam Varshavchik
11637 For answer A2, change "not recommended" to "careful programming
11642 Document SIGIO feature (new in 2.6.25) for inotify file descriptors.
11644 Note that select()/poll()/epoll_wait() indicate a ready inotify
11645 file descriptor as readable.
11647 Document IN_ATTRIB in a little more detail.
11651 Grammar fix, plus fix typo in script.
11653 Add list of thread-safe functions.
11657 Add a section on the upcoming POSIX revision.
11660 Justin Pryzby / mtk
11661 Various wording improvements.
11664 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.00 ====================
11666 Released: 2008-06-12, Konolfingen
11672 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11673 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11675 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
11676 Stuart Brady <sdbrady@ntlworld.com>
11678 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11684 The POSIX.1 man pages (sections 0p, 1p, 3p) have been moved out
11685 of this package into the separate man-pages-posix package.
11686 This made sense because those pages are seldom changed (only formatting
11687 fixes, etc.) so that it was unnecessary to redistribute them with each
11697 s/`/\`/ for backquotes used in command substitution, for
11698 proper rendering in UTF-8.
11701 mtk, after a note from Stuart Brady
11702 Using /'x'/ to denote a character (string) renders poorly in
11703 UTF-8, where the two ' characters render as closing single
11704 quotes. On the other hand, using /`x'/ renders nicely on UTF-8,
11705 where proper opening and closing single quotes are produced by
11706 groff(1), but looks ugly when rendered in ASCII. Using the
11707 sequence /\\aqx\\aq/ produces a reasonable rendering ('\\aq'
11708 is a vertical "apostrophe quote") in both UTF-8 and ASCII.
11709 So that change is made in a number of pages.
11710 See also http://www.cl.cal.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/quotes.html.
11714 Replace form /`string'/ by /"string"/, since the former renders
11723 Control character names (^X) are written boldface, without
11732 Various edits to try and bring some consistency to the use of
11736 Changes to individual pages
11737 ---------------------------
11741 Small rewordings in description of packet mode.
11745 Minor formatting fixes.
11748 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.01 ====================
11750 Released: 2008-06-25, Munich
11756 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
11757 been incorporated in changes in this release:
11759 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
11760 Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.comm>
11761 Andrew P <ap@zip.com.au>
11762 Andrew Clayton <andrew@digital-domain.net>
11763 Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@gmail.com>
11764 Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ib.com>
11765 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
11766 Daniele Giacomini <appunti2@gmail.com>
11767 Dorin Lazar <dorin.lazar@gmail.com>
11768 George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
11769 Jason Englander <jason@englanders.cc>
11770 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
11771 Laurent Vivier <laurent.vivier@bull.net>
11772 Masatake YAMOTO <yamoto@redhat.com>
11773 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
11774 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
11775 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
11776 Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
11777 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
11778 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
11779 Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
11780 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
11781 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
11782 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
11783 Stuart Cunningham <stuartc@rd.bbc.co.uk>
11784 Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
11785 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
11786 Yao Zhao <dragonlinux@gmail.com>
11787 WANG Cong <wcong@critical-links.com>
11789 Apologies if I missed anyone!
11792 New and rewritten pages
11793 -----------------------
11797 A complete rewrite of this page, now with much more detail.
11801 A description of hostname resolution. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2,
11802 and lightly edited for man-pages style.
11806 A description of symbolic links. Taken from FreeBSD 6.2, but
11807 heavily edited for Linux details, improved readability, and
11811 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
11812 ---------------------------------------------
11815 mtk / Peter Zijlstra
11816 Add description of RLIMIT_RTTIME limit, new in 2.6.25.
11820 Add description of mkostemp(), new in glibc 2.7.
11823 mtk, after a note by Petr Gajdos; review by Neil Horman
11824 Document core_pattern pipe syntax, which appeared in
11826 Add an example program demonstrating use of core_pattern
11829 Document /proc/PID/coredump_filter, new in kernel 2.6.23.
11830 Documentation was based on the text in
11831 Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt, plus testing, and
11832 checking the kernel source.
11836 Document /proc/PID/oom_score, which was new in kernel 2.6.11.
11837 This file displays the "badness" score of the process, which
11838 provides the basis for OOM-killer decisions.
11840 Document /proc/PID/oom_adj, which was new in kernel 2.6.11.
11841 This file influences the oom_score of a process.
11843 Document /proc/PID/limits, which was new in 2.6.24.
11844 This file displays a process's resource limits.
11846 Document /proc/PID/fdinfo/*, which was new in 2.6.22.
11847 These files display info about each descriptor opened by the
11848 process: the current file offset, and the file access mode +
11849 file status flags as set in open() or fcntl(F_SETFL).
11851 Document /proc/PID/mountinfo, which was new in 2.6.26.
11852 This file displays information about mount points.
11853 Closely based on text from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt.
11855 Document /proc/PID/mountstats, which was new in 2.6.17.
11856 This file displays statistics about mount points.
11858 Document /proc/PID/status.
11859 Samuel Thibault / mtk, review by Laurent Vivier,
11860 Christian Borntraeger, and Andrew P
11861 Document guest (virtual CPU) time field in /proc/stat.
11862 Document guest (virtual CPU) time fields in /proc/PID/stat.
11874 Link to getcwd.3, which describes several interfaces, among
11875 them getcwd(), which is in fact a system call.
11881 sched_setaffinity.2
11882 sched_setscheduler.2
11886 SEE ALSO: Add cpuset(7).
11910 SEE ALSO: Add symlink(7).
11918 Wrap source lines so that new sentence starts on new line.
11933 Added VERSIONS section.
11948 For consistency, "fix" cases where argument of .B or .I was
11949 on the following source line.
11965 SEE ALSO: add time(7)
11967 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several places.
11968 (Special thanks to Nicolas François and Alain Portal.)
11971 Changes to individual pages
11972 ---------------------------
11976 Add a few more words to DESCRIPTION.
11977 NOTES: Add pointer to acct(5).
11981 s/process/calling process/ so as to say that the alarm signal is
11982 delivered to the calling process.
11986 Clarify discussion of return value of sbrk().
11988 DESCRIPTION: Add some sentences giving an overview of these
11990 Add note recommending use of malloc(3).
11991 Change name of brk() argument to the simpler 'addr'.
11992 Add "(void *)" cast to "-1" for error return of sbrk().
11993 Removed some incorrect text about "brk(0)".
11994 Note that SUSv2 specified the return value of sbrk().
11995 Added a detail on the glibc brk() wrapper.
11996 Remove discussions of old standards (C89 and POSIX.1-1990);
11997 CONFORMING TO already discusses the situation with respect
11998 to more recent standards.
12002 Clarify description of chmod() and fchmod().
12003 Add further detail on S_ISUID, S_ISGID, and S_ISVTX permissions.
12004 Reformat list of permissions bits.
12008 Describe rules governing ownership of new files (bsdgroups
12009 versus sysvgroups, and the effect of the parent directory's
12010 set-group-ID permission bit).
12014 Clarify description a little.
12015 s/changes the root directory/
12016 changes the root directory of the calling process/
12020 Fix text that warns against use of NULL argv and envp.
12021 Using a NULL envp does in fact seem to be portable (works
12022 on Solaris and FreeBSD), but the Linux semantics for a NULL
12023 argv certainly aren't consistent with other implementations.
12024 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=8408.
12027 mtk, after a note from George Spelvin
12028 Document d_type field, present since kernel 2.6.4.
12033 Noted that POSIX.1 leaves interactions with alarm(), sleep(),
12034 and usleep() unspecified.
12035 Linux 2.6.16 removed the MAX_SEC_IN_JIFFIES ceiling on timer
12037 Other minor changes.
12044 mtk, after a note by Masatake YAMOTO and input from Jeff Moyer
12045 Describe the unconventional error return provided by the
12046 wrapper function in libaio (and contrast with behavior if
12047 the system call is invoked via syscall(2)).
12048 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.ltp/4445/
12050 Re-order ERRORS and SEE ALSO entries to be alphabetical.
12058 s/AIO request blocks/AIO control blocks/
12062 Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a
12063 (possibly dangling) symbolic link.
12066 mtk, after a report from Stephane Chazelas
12067 Remove crufty discussion of HZ, and replace with a pointer
12069 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=485636
12070 mtk, after some discussions with Bart Van Assche and Roman Zippel
12071 NOTES: describe CLOCK_REALTIME versus CLOCK_NANOSLEEP
12072 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/696854/
12073 "nanosleep() uses CLOCK_MONOTONIC, should be CLOCK_REALTIME?"
12075 Replace mentions of "process' by "thread".
12076 NOTES: describe case where clock_nanosleep() can be preferable.
12077 Some minor rewrites.
12080 mtk, after a note from Christoph Hellwig
12081 NOTES: Note that access mode flags are not single bits,
12082 and document the Linuxism "access mode 3".
12083 See also http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/653123.
12087 Minor wording fixes.
12091 Add comment to 'ee_pad' field in structure definition.
12093 sched_setscheduler.2
12095 Add pointer to discussion of RLIMIT_RTTIME in getrlimit.2.
12096 mtk, after a note by Andrew Clayton
12097 Rewrote and restructured various parts of the page for greater
12100 Add more detail to the rules that are applied when an
12101 unprivileged process with a non-zero RLIMIT_RTPRIO limit
12102 changes policy and priority.
12103 SEE ALSO: Add Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.txt
12107 SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE can block on writes greater than request
12108 queue size. For some background, see
12109 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/687713/focus=688340
12113 Added system call history back to version 1.2.
12114 Fix typo on kernel version for pivot_root().
12118 Document ENOSYS error, which can occur if kernel was built without
12123 Clarify description of 'times' array for utimes().
12127 The longstanding bug that if delta was NULL, olddelta
12128 didn't return the outstanding clock adjustment, is now fixed
12129 (since glibc 2.8 + kernel 2.6.26).
12130 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug?id=2449
12131 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6761
12135 Note that these functions are included in the next POSIX revision.
12136 Remove editorial discussion about what the functions should have
12141 Rewrote various pieces, and added some details.
12145 Improve description or 'hints' and 'res' arguments.
12146 Add details on numeric strings that can be specified for 'node'.
12147 Other fairly major restructurings and rewrites to improve
12148 logical structure and clarity of the page.
12149 SEE ALSO: Add hostname(7).
12153 DESCRIPTION: Add reference to inet_addr(3) for dotted notation.
12154 SEE ALSO: add inet(3).
12156 Added BUGS section noting that gethostbyname() does not
12157 recognize hexadecimal components in dotted address strings;
12158 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482973
12161 mtk, after Stuart Cunningham pointed out the typo
12162 Remove statement that LSB deprecates the functions
12163 "endmntent(), setmntent() [sic] and setmntent()".
12164 This doesn't seem to be true (I can't find mention of it
12165 being deprecated in any of the LSB specs). Rather, LSB simply
12166 doesn't specify these functions. (LSB 1.3 had a spec of
12167 setmntent(), but not getmntent() or endmntent(), and noted
12168 that having a spec of setmntent() was of little use without
12169 also having a spec of getmntent().)
12170 See also https://lists.linux-foundation.org/pipermail/lsb-discuss/2006-October/003078.html
12174 Remove mention of sa_len field from example code.
12175 That field is a BSDism not present on Linux.
12177 Various minor changes.
12180 mtk / Stephane Chazelas
12181 inet_aton() is *not* in POSIX.1.
12182 Rewrote discussion of why inet_addr() is disfavored.
12183 SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3).
12184 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482979.
12185 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas
12186 Describe the various address forms supported by inet_aton().
12188 Rewrite description of inet_network().
12189 Clarify discussion of inet_lnaof(), inet_netof(), and inet_makeaddr().
12190 Add discussion of Classful Addressing, noting that it is obsolete.
12191 Added an EXAMPLE program.
12193 Relocate discussion of i386 byte order to NOTES.
12194 Note that inet_aton() returns an address in network byte order.
12195 SEE ALSO: Add byteorder(3) and getnameinfo(3).
12199 Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS.
12200 SEE ALSO: Add inet(3) and getnameinfo(3).
12201 Make NAME line more precise.
12202 Move errors to an ERRORS section.
12203 Add EXAMPLE section pointing to inet_pton(3).
12206 mtk / Stephane Chazelas
12207 Remove statement that inet_pton() extends inet_ntoa();
12208 that's not really true, since inet_pton() doesn't support
12209 all of the string forms that are supported by inet_ntoa().
12210 SEE ALSO: Add getaddrinfo(3).
12211 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=482987.
12213 Describe IPv6 address formats.
12214 Describe dotted decimal format in more detail.
12215 Add an example program.
12217 Remove unneeded header files from SYNOPSIS.
12218 Make NAME line more precise.
12219 Make description of return value more precise.
12220 SEE ALSO: Add inet(3).
12224 Note that EEXIST applies, even if the pathname is a
12225 (possibly dangling) symbolic link.
12229 Fix discussion of O_EXCL flag.
12230 These functions may also fail for any of the errors described
12232 Various other rewordings.
12236 Document DT_LNK (symbolic link) for d_type field.
12237 Reorder DT_ entries alphabetically.
12241 Recommend against drem(), in favor of remainder().
12244 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas
12245 Add an ERRORS section documenting at least some of the errors
12246 that may occur for scanf().
12247 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254.
12248 mtk, after a note from Stephane Chazelas; review by Stephane Chazelas
12249 Document the GNU 'a' modifier for dynamically allocating strings.
12250 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=487254.
12251 Document the GNU 'm' modifier for dynamically allocating strings.
12255 s/strcat/strncat/ (a typo that changed the semantics in
12259 mtk, after a note from Daniele Giacomini
12260 Modify SYNOPSIS to show protoypes of both versions of strerror_r(),
12261 and make other small clarifications of the description regarding
12265 George Spelvin (taking time out from his busy Broadway schedule),
12266 with some tweaks by Matt Mackall and mtk
12267 Add a Usage subsection that recommends most users to use
12268 /dev/urandom, and emphasizes parsimonious usage of
12272 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
12273 LC_TIME: Describe first_weekday and first_workday.
12277 The vaious CPU time fields in /proc/stat and /proc/PID/stat
12278 return time in clock ticks (USER_HZ, cputime_to_clock_t(),
12279 sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK)).
12280 Updated, clarified and expanded the description several
12281 fields in /proc/[number]/stat.
12283 Clarified and expanded the description of /proc/[number]/fd.
12285 Updated and clarified the description of /proc/[number]/statm.
12287 Updated and clarified the description of /proc/sys/fs/dentry-state.
12289 Many formatting, wording, and grammar fixes.
12293 Enhanced description of VERSIONS section.
12297 Note that Linux does not currently support ACLs for POSIX
12302 Note that Linux supports ACLs on POSIX named semaphores
12306 mtk, with some suggestions from Bart Van Assche and Thomas Gleixner
12307 Added some details about where jiffies come into play.
12308 Added section on high-resolution timers.
12309 Mentioned a few other time-related interfaces at various
12310 points in the page.
12311 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/697378.
12314 mtk, after a note by Samuel Thibault
12315 Provide a clear description of the three types of address that
12316 can appear in the sockaddr_un structure: pathname, unnamed,
12320 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.02 ====================
12322 Released: 2008-07-02, Konolfingen
12328 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12329 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12331 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12332 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
12333 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
12334 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12335 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
12336 WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
12338 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12341 New and rewritten pages
12342 -----------------------
12346 A description of the clock_nanosleep() system call,
12347 which was added in kernel 2.6.
12351 A near complete rewrite, including additional information and
12352 a new example program.
12356 Documents getutmp(3) and getutmpx(3).
12358 gnu_get_libc_version.3
12360 Documents gnu_get_libc_version(3) and gnu_get_libc_release(3).
12364 Documents sigwait(3).
12368 An overview of the POSIX shared memory API.
12371 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12372 ---------------------------------------------
12376 Document updwtmpx(3).
12386 gnu_get_libc_release.3
12388 Link to gnu_get_libc_version.3
12396 Link to getutent.3.
12408 s/user name/username/
12412 s/host name/hostname/
12415 Changes to individual pages
12416 ---------------------------
12420 SEE ALSO: add symlink.7. (3.01 changelog wrongly said this
12425 Remove superfluous text from RETURN VALUE.
12429 SEE ALSO: Add mmap(2), shm_overview(7).
12434 SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7).
12438 Added a bit more detail on what sigreturn() actually does.
12443 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12447 Describe behavior when multiple threads are blocked in
12448 sigwaitinfo()/sigtimedwait().
12449 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12453 RETURN VALUE: describe return value on success.
12454 Add an ERRORS section documenting POSIX.1-specified errors.
12457 mtk, after a note by Stephane Chazelas
12458 getaddrinfo() supports specifying IPv6 scope-IDs.
12462 ERRORS: add ENOTTY.
12463 SEE ALSO: add utmp(5).
12467 utmpname() does return a value.
12469 Add paragraph to start of DESCRIPTION recommending
12470 use of POSIX.1 "utmpx" functions.
12471 CONFORMING TO: mention utmpxname().
12472 Add an ERRORS section.
12473 There are no utmpx equivalents of the _r reentrant functions.
12474 Clarify discussion of return values.
12475 Add pointer to definition of utmp structure in utmp(5).
12476 Clarify discussion of utmpx file on other systems (versus
12481 SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3)
12485 Fix error in description of IPv6 presentation format:
12486 s/x.x.x.x.x.x.x.x/x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/.
12489 Reuben Thomas / mtk
12490 Fix confused wording for return value of setvbuf().
12491 Fixes http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=488104.
12493 Other minor rewordings.
12497 SEE ALSO: add shm_overview(7).
12500 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
12501 Slight rewording to make life easier for non-native English
12506 Add discussion of POSIX.1 utmpx specification.
12507 Provide a little more detail on fields of utmp structure.
12508 Added comments to macros for ut_type field.
12509 Correct the description of the ut_id field.
12511 Consolidate duplicated information about ut_tv and ut_session
12512 on biarch platforms.
12514 Move some text from CONFORMING TO to NOTES.
12515 Removed some crufty text.
12516 SEE ALSO: add login(3), logout(3), logwtmp(3).
12517 UT_LINESIZE is 32 (not 12).
12519 SEE ALSO: add getutmp(3)
12523 Enhanced the discussion of font conventions.
12527 Note that the delivery order of multiple pending standard
12528 signals is unspecified.
12529 SEE ALSO: Add sigwait(3).
12532 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.03 ====================
12534 Released: 2008-07-08, Konolfingen
12540 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12541 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12543 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12544 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
12545 Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@jp.fujitsu.com>
12546 Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
12547 Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
12548 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12550 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12553 New and rewritten pages
12554 -----------------------
12557 Andi Kleen, with some text and edits by mtk
12558 Documents the getcpu(2) system call, introduced in Linux 2.6.19.
12562 Documents sched_getcpu(3), a wrapper for getcpu(2), provided
12566 Paul Jackson, with review and editing by mtk, and comments by
12567 Hidetoshi Seto and Li Zefan
12568 A description of the cpuset file system, the mechanism introduced
12569 kernel 2.6.12 for confining processes to designated processors
12570 and nodes. (Becomes the fourth largest page in man-pages!)
12573 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12574 ---------------------------------------------
12578 Add documentation of readdir_r().
12586 Link to updwtmp.3 (3.02 changelog wrongly said this had been done).
12598 sched_setaffinity.2
12601 SEE ALSO: Add getcpu(2).
12630 ERRORS: Added reference to signal(7) in discussion of EINTR.
12634 Wrapped very long source lines.
12637 Changes to individual pages
12638 ---------------------------
12642 Small wording change.
12646 ERRORS: Add EINTR error.
12650 ERRORS: Add EINTR error.
12654 Note circumstances in which each SA_* flag is meaningful.
12656 Describe POSIX specification, and Linux semantics for
12657 SA_NOCLDWAIT when establishing a handler for SIGCHLD.
12659 Add pointer under SA_RESTART to new text in signal(7)
12660 describing system call restarting.
12666 ERRORS: Added EINTR error.
12667 A few minor rewordings.
12671 Remove statement that WUNTRACED and WCONTINUED only have effect
12672 if SA_NOCLDSTOP has not been set for SIGCHLD. That's not true.
12676 Add a pointer to signal(7) for further explanation of EINTR.
12680 SEE ALSO: Add passwd(5).
12684 Remove <sys/types.h> from SYNOPSIS; POSIX.1-2001 does not
12686 Some minor rewordings.
12690 RETURN VALUE: explicitly mention interruption by signal handler.
12691 SEE ALSO: add signal(7).
12695 POSIX.1-2001 also only documents EINVAL.
12699 SEE ALSO: Add getgrent(3), getgrnam(3).
12703 SEE ALSO: Add getpwent(3), getpwnam(3).
12707 Add pointer to description of /proc/PID/cpuset in cpuset(7).
12711 Add a section describing system call restarting, and noting
12712 which system calls are affected by SA_RESTART, and which
12713 system calls are never restarted.
12715 Describe the aberrant Linux behavior whereby a stop signal
12716 plus SIGCONT can interrupt some system calls, even if no
12717 signal handler has been established, and note the system
12718 calls that behave this way.
12720 Note a few more architectures on which signal numbers are valid.
12721 SEE ALSO: added a number of pages.
12723 Update async-signal-safe function list for POSIX.1-2004 (which
12724 adds sockatmark()).
12727 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.04 ====================
12729 Released: 2008-07-15, Konolfingen
12735 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
12736 been incorporated in changes in this release:
12738 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
12739 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@cpushare.com>
12740 Andreas Mohr <andi@lisas.de>
12741 Andrew Morgan <morgan@kernel.org>
12742 Erik Bosman <ejbosman@cs.vu.nl>
12743 John Brooks <aspecialj@gmail.com>
12744 Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
12745 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
12746 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
12747 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
12748 Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
12749 Sripathi Kodi <sripathik@in.ibm.com>
12750 Vincent Lefevre <vincent@vinc17.org>
12752 Apologies if I missed anyone!
12760 A page describing the preferred licenses for new pages that
12761 are contributed to man-pages.
12764 New and rewritten pages
12765 -----------------------
12769 New page documenting the utimensat() system call, new in 2.6.22,
12770 and futimens() library function.
12774 Documents etext, edata, and end symbols.
12777 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
12778 ---------------------------------------------
12782 Add description of rawmemchr().
12786 Document /proc/config.gz (new in kernel 2.6).
12787 mtk, based on text from Documentation/vm/sysctl.txt
12788 Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_kill_allocating_task
12789 (new in Linux 2.6.24).
12790 Document /proc/sys/vm/oom_dump_tasks
12791 (new in Linux 2.6.25).
12792 Document /proc/sys/vm/panic_on_oom
12793 (new in Linux 2.6.18).
12806 Link to new utimensat.2.
12814 Link to gethostbyname.3.
12838 s/parameter/argument/ when talking about the things given
12839 to a function call, for consistency with majority usage.
12843 s/UNIX/Unix/, when not used as part of a trademark,
12844 for consistency with majority usage in pages.
12847 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal
12848 Put SEE ALSO entries into alphabetical order.
12852 Remove period at end of SEE ALSO list.
12855 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
12856 Even when the CONFORMING TO section is just a list of standards,
12857 they should be terminated by a period.
12872 Small wording fixes -- express <=, <, >=, > in words when in
12876 sched_setscheduler.2
12880 Minor rewording w.r.t. use of the term "parameter".
12882 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
12883 other places. (Many, many thanks to Alain Portal!)
12886 Changes to individual pages
12887 ---------------------------
12891 Update in line with addition of file capabilities and
12892 64-bit capability sets in kernel 2.6.2[45].
12896 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS.
12900 Document RUSAGE_THREAD, new in 2.6.26.
12902 Improve description of RUSAGE_CHILDREN.
12903 Add pointer to /proc/PID/stat in proc(5).
12904 Other minor clean-ups.
12907 Nikanth Karthikesan
12908 Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is longer required to set
12909 a low priority (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE).
12913 Since Linux 2.6.26, MS_RDONLY honors bind mounts.
12917 SEE ALSO: add utimensat(3).
12920 Serge Hallyn, with some edits/input from mtk
12921 Document PR_CAPBSET_READ and PR_CAPBSET_DROP.
12923 Document PR_GET_TSC and PR_SET_TSC.
12924 mtk, reviewed by Andrea Arcangeli
12925 Document PR_SET_SECCOMP and PR_GET_SECCOMP.
12927 PR_SET_KEEPCAPS and PR_GET_KEEPCAPS operate on a per-thread
12928 setting, not a per-process setting.
12930 Clarify fork(2) details for PR_SET_PDEATHSIG.
12932 Add description of PR_SET_SECUREBITS and PR_GET_SECUREBITS,
12933 as well as pointer to further info in capabilities(7).
12935 PR_GET_ENDIAN returns endianness info in location pointed to by
12936 arg2 (not as function result, as was implied by previous text).
12938 Expand description of PR_SET_NAME and PR_GET_NAME.
12940 RETURN VALUE: bring up to date for various options.
12942 Various improvements in ERRORS.
12944 Note that PR_SET_TIMING setting of PR_TIMING_TIMESTAMP is not
12945 currently implemented.
12948 * Clarify wording for PR_GET_UNALIGN, PR_GET_FPEMU, and
12950 * Some reformatting of kernel version information.
12951 * Reorder PR_GET_ENDIAN and PR_SET_ENDIAN entries.
12955 Fix and reword erroneous RETURN VALUE text.
12959 Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2.
12961 sched_setaffinity.2
12962 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch
12963 Update type used for cpusetsize argument in SYNOPSIS.
12967 Clarify "zero timeout" case.
12968 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=490868.
12972 Noted which flags appeared in Linux 2.2.
12976 Document si_overrun and si_tid fields of siginfo structure.
12977 Add some text for si_trapno field.
12978 The si_errno field is *generally* unused.
12980 Put descriptions of SA_* constants in alphabetical order.
12984 Rewrote and expanded portability discussion.
12985 NOTES: Show the raw prototype of signal() (without use of
12990 Modify description of ssi_trapno field.
12994 Fix two version number typos for MAX_SWAPFILES discussion:
12999 SEE ALSO: add utimensat(2), futimens(3).
13003 SEE ALSO: Add elf(5).
13006 mtk, after a Fedora downstream patch
13007 Describe additional encryption algorithms.
13008 See also: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=428280.
13012 Small rewrites in DESCRIPTION.
13015 mtk, after a note from Alain Portal
13020 SEE ALSO: Add log10(3).
13024 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO.
13028 Add references to group(5).
13031 SEE ALSO: add fopen(3).
13035 Add reference to passwd(5).
13038 SEE ALSO: add fopen(3).
13042 Add C99 to CONFORMING TO.
13046 SEE ALSO: remove futimesat(2); add utimensat(2).
13050 Add details on initial value of optind, and note that it can
13051 be reset (to 1) to restart scanning of an argument vector.
13052 Add a NOTES section describing the glibc-specific behavior
13053 when optind is reset to 0 (rather than 1).
13054 See http://groups.google.com/group/comp.unix.programmer/browse_thread/thread/be0d0b7a07a165fb
13056 Note glibc extensions under CONFORMING TO.
13060 Improve comments on struct spwd.
13064 RETURN VALUE: note that errno is set on error.
13074 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13078 SEE ALSO: Add exp10(3).
13082 Small wording improvement.
13086 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13090 Many small formatting fixes.
13094 Remove redundant summary list of files in description of
13096 Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/panic_on_oops more precise.
13097 Make kernel version for /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max more precise.
13098 Add Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt to SEE ALSO.
13103 Small wording improvement.
13106 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
13107 Clarify meaning of midnight on 1 Jan 1900/1970.
13109 Remove netdate(1) and rdate(1) from SEE ALSO, since these pages
13110 don't seem to exist on Linux systems.
13113 Vincent Lefevre / mtk
13114 Clarify treatment of initial white space by %% conversion
13116 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=435648.
13118 Many small formatting fixes.
13122 Rename CONSIDERATIONS section to NOTES, and relocate
13123 to appropriate place on page.
13126 mtk, after a note by Alain Portal
13127 Prepend "POSIX.1-2001 specifies that: " to the sentence stating
13128 that tmpfile() may write to stdout. (AFAICS, glibc's tmpfile()
13133 Remove unnecessary sentence in ERRORS.
13137 Make wording more precise: the memory allocated by wcsdup(3)
13138 *should* be freed with free(3).
13142 Move example into proper EXAMPLE section.
13146 The features in the "Get and Set Window Size" subsection
13147 require the inclusion of <sys/ioctl.h>.
13150 Serge Hallyn, plus a bit of work by mtk
13151 Document file capabilities, per-process capability bounding set,
13152 changed semantics for CAP_SETPCAP, and other changes in 2.6.2[45].
13153 Add CAP_MAC_ADMIN, CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE, CAP_SETFCAP.
13154 Various smaller fixes.
13155 mtk, plus review by Serge Hallyn and Andrew Morgan
13156 Add text detailing how CAP_SETPCAP (theoretically) permits -- on
13157 pre-2.6.25 kernels, and 2.6.25 and later kernels with file
13158 capabilities disabled -- a thread to change the capability sets
13160 Add section describing rules for programmatically adjusting
13161 thread capability sets.
13162 Add some words describing purpose of inheritable set.
13163 Note existence of CONFIG_SECURITY_CAPABILITIES config option.
13164 Describe rationale for capability bounding set.
13165 Document securebits flags (new in 2.6.26).
13166 Remove obsolete BUGS section.
13167 SEE ALSO: Add getcap(8), setcap(8), and various libcap pages.
13169 Add text noting that if we set the effective flag for one
13170 file capability, then we must also set the effective flag for all
13171 other capabilities where the permitted or inheritable bit is set.
13173 Since Linux 2.6.25, CAP_SYS_ADMIN is no longer required for
13174 ioprio_set() to set IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE class.
13176 Reword discussion of CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE to be file-system neutral.
13180 A list of standards in the CONFORMING TO list should be
13181 terminated by a period.
13182 The list of pages in a SEE ALSO list should not be
13183 terminated by a period.
13187 Correct a detail for sysctl_tcp_adv_win_scale.
13191 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.05 ====================
13193 Released: 2008-07-23, Konolfingen
13199 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13200 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13202 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
13203 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13204 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
13205 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13206 Franck Jousseaume <franck.jousseaume@gmail.com>
13207 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13208 Uli Schlacter <psychon@znc.in>
13210 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13213 New and rewritten pages
13214 -----------------------
13217 mtk, with review by Andries Brouwer
13218 A description of the SVID-specified mechanism for reporting
13220 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/266.
13223 mtk, with review and suggested input from Andries Brouwer
13224 A description of how math functions report errors.
13225 See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.man/249.
13233 s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively.
13237 For consistency with majority usage:
13238 s/plus infinity/positive infinity/
13239 s/minus infinity/negative infinity/
13241 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
13245 Changes to individual pages
13246 ---------------------------
13250 SEE ALSO: add end(3).
13253 Brian M. Carlson / mtk
13254 Remove ambiguity in description of support for O_EXCL on NFS.
13255 As per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=491791.
13259 Place options in some semblance of alphabetical order.
13260 (No content or formatting changes were made.)
13264 Bump version number: these functions are still missing in
13269 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13273 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13277 Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece in SYNOPSIS.
13278 SEE ALSO: Add math_error(7).
13281 mtk / Franck Jousseaume
13282 Fix errors introduced into a few prototypes when converting
13283 function declarations to use modern C prototypes in man-pages-2.75.
13286 mtk, after a report from Uli Schlacter
13287 Document the IPV6_V6ONLY flag.
13290 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.06 ====================
13292 Released: 2008-08-05, Konolfingen
13298 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13299 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13301 Andreas Jaeger <aj@novell.com>
13302 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13303 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13304 Gernot Tenchio <g.tenchio@telco-tech.de>
13305 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13306 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
13308 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13311 New and rewritten pages
13312 -----------------------
13316 Created after removing the erfc() material from erf.3.
13317 Documents the complementary error function.
13321 Created after removing the y*() material from j0.3.
13322 Documents the Bessel functions of the second kind.
13323 Included ERRORS section; noted that an exception is not
13324 raised on underflow, see also
13325 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6806;
13326 and errno is not set on overflow, see also
13327 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6808;
13328 Included BUGS section noting that errno is incorrectly
13329 set for pole error; see also
13330 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6807.
13334 Created after removing the scalbln*() and scalbn*() material
13335 from scalb.3. Documents scalbln() and scalbn() functions.
13336 Included ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13337 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803.
13340 New and changed links
13341 ---------------------
13346 Changed these links to point to new erfc.3 page.
13354 Changed these links to point to new scalbln.3 page.
13365 Changed these links to point to new y0.3 page.
13373 s/floating point/floating-point/ when used attributively.
13375 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
13379 Changes to individual pages
13380 ---------------------------
13384 Tweak discuss text describing support for Blowfish.
13387 mtk / Gernot Tenchio
13388 Added some words to make clear that the string returned by
13389 ctime() and asctime() is null-terminated.
13393 Reverse order of SYNOPSIS and NAME sections.
13395 NOTES: Summarize the state of glibc support for exceptions
13396 and errno for error reporting.
13399 Changes to individual pages (math functions)
13400 --------------------------------------------
13402 Almost all of the changes in this release relate to math man pages.
13403 Very many changes were made to the math pages, including:
13405 * Fixed feature test macros (FTMs). Often, the FTM requirements
13406 for the "float" and "long double" versions of a math function are
13407 different from the requirements for the "double" version. Each math
13408 page now shows the correct FTM requirements for all three versions
13409 of the function(s) it describes. This may have required either
13410 a change to the existing FTM text (if the requirements for the
13411 "double" function were already described), or the addition of an FTM
13412 description to a SYNOPSIS where one was not previously present
13413 (typically because the "double" version of the function does not
13414 require any FTMs to be defined).
13415 * CONFORMING TO: in many cases, POSIX.1-2001 was not mentioned.
13416 Where a function is specified in POSIX.1-2001, this is now noted.
13417 Also, statements about what other standards a function conforms to
13418 were generally clarified. (The wording about which functions conformed
13419 to C99 was previously often done as an add on sentence; now it is made
13420 part of the first sentence of the CONFORMING TO section, along with
13422 * RETURN VALUE: in many cases, pages lacked descriptions of the return
13423 value when the function arguments are special values such as +0, -0,
13424 NaN (not-a-number), +infinity, -infinity, etc. This has been fixed.
13425 I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these
13426 functions match the RETURN VALUE descriptions (and the POSIX.1-2001
13428 * ERRORS: many pages lacked a clear (or indeed any) description of
13429 how errno is set on error and what exception is raised for each error.
13430 This has been fixed. The ERRORS sections are now generally headed up
13431 as per the POSIX.1 way of doing things, describing Pole / Range /
13432 Domain errors, as applicable.
13433 I carried out tests on glibc 2.8 to ensure that all of these
13434 functions match the ERRORS descriptions. Deviations from POSIX.1-2001
13435 requirements have been filed as glibc bug reports, and noted in the
13436 man pages. (The pages now describe the situation for ERRORS as at glibc
13437 2.8; I may eventually try and extend the text with descriptions of
13438 changes in older versions of glibc.)
13439 NOTE: one point that has not been covered in any page is the
13440 circumstances that generate inexact (FE_INEXACT) exceptions.
13441 (The details for these exceptions are not specified in POSIX.1-2001,
13442 and I haven't gone looking for the standards that describe the details.)
13446 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13447 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13448 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13449 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13453 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13454 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13455 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13456 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13460 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13461 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13462 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13463 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13467 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13468 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13469 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13470 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13471 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13475 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13476 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13477 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13478 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13479 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13483 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13484 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13485 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13486 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13487 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13491 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13492 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13493 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13494 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13495 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13496 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13497 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759.
13501 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13502 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13503 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13504 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13508 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13509 DESCRIPTION: Enhanced.
13510 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13511 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13512 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13513 NOTES: Added some details.
13517 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13518 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13522 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13523 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
13524 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13525 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780.
13526 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13530 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13531 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13532 Added ERRORS section.
13533 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13537 Removed the erfc() material (there is now a new erfc page).
13538 Reason: the functions are logically separate; also their
13539 return values differ, and it would have been confusing
13540 to document them on the same page.
13541 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13542 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13543 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13544 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6785.
13545 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13549 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13550 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13551 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13552 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6786.
13553 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13557 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13558 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13559 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for underflow;
13560 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6787.
13564 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13565 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13569 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13570 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13571 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set for overflow;
13572 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788.
13573 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13574 Added BUGS section, describing bogus underflow exception for -large,
13575 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6778;
13576 and describing bogus invalid exception for certain +large,
13577 see http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6814.
13581 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13582 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13583 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13587 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13588 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13589 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13590 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13591 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6796.
13592 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13596 Make style of writing exception names consistent with other
13597 pages and POSIX.1-2001.
13598 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13602 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13606 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13607 DESCRIPTION: Enhanced.
13608 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13609 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13610 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13614 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13615 DESCRIPTION: Some rewording.
13616 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13617 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13618 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801.
13619 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13624 NAME: Make description clearer
13625 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13626 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13627 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13628 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13632 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13633 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13634 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13635 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13636 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13640 Minor wording changes.
13641 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13642 SEE ALSO: Add signbit(3).
13646 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13647 Added details to RETURN VALUE section.
13648 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13649 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13653 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13654 Added (null) RETURN VALUE section referring to tgamma(3).
13655 Added (null) ERRORS section referring to tgamma(3).
13656 CONFORMING TO: Rewrote.
13660 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13661 DESCRIPTION: note that calculation is done without causing
13662 undue overflow or underflow.
13663 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13664 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13665 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6795.
13666 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13670 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13671 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
13672 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set, and in some
13673 cases an exception is not raised; see also
13674 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6794.
13675 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13679 NAME: Make description clearer
13680 Improve the description of isunordered().
13681 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13683 A few wording improvements.
13687 Removed material for the y*() functions to a separate y0.3 page.
13688 Reason: the return values and errors/exceptions differ, and it
13689 would have been confusing to document them on the same page.
13690 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13691 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13692 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6805.
13696 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13697 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13698 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13702 Note that these functions are deprecated.
13703 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13704 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections referring to lgamma(3).
13705 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13706 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13707 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777.
13711 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13712 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13713 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13714 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13718 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13719 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13720 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13721 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13725 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13726 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13727 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13728 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6792.
13729 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13733 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13734 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13735 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13739 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13740 DESCRIPTION: added a little detail; some rewordings.
13741 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13742 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13743 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6793.
13744 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13748 DESCRIPTION: some rewording.
13749 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13750 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13751 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6798.
13752 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13756 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13757 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13758 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6797.
13759 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13763 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13764 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13765 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13766 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13770 Small wording changes.
13771 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13775 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13776 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13777 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13778 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6799.
13779 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13783 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13784 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13785 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13786 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13787 Added BUGS section noting that pole error sets errno to EDOM,
13788 when it should be ERANGE instead; see also
13789 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776.
13793 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13794 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13795 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13796 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13797 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13798 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13799 Added BUGS section noting that remainder(nan(""), 0)
13800 wrongly causes a domain error; see
13801 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6779
13805 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13806 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13807 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6801.
13808 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13813 NAME: Make description clearer
13814 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13815 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13816 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13817 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
13821 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13822 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13823 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not always set; see
13824 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6783.
13825 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13828 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13832 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13833 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13834 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13835 ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading).
13836 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13837 NOTES: point out that lrint() may be preferred in some cases.
13841 DESCRIPTION: added some details.
13842 RETURN VALUE: Added details for special argument cases.
13843 ERRORS: no errors can occur (previous text was misleading).
13844 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13845 NOTES: point out that lround() may be preferred in some cases.
13849 Removed the scalbn() and scalbln() material to a separate
13850 scalbln.3 page. Reason: scalb() is obsolete; also the
13851 exception/error conditions differ somewhat, so that it
13852 would have been confusing to document them on the same page.
13853 SYNOPSIS: Fixed feature test macro requirements.
13854 DESCRIPTION: some rewrites and added details.
13855 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13856 Added ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set; see
13857 also http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6803
13858 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6804.
13859 CONFORMING TO: Rewrote.
13863 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13864 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "Compile with" piece.
13865 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13866 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13867 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13871 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13872 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13873 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13874 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781.
13875 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13879 DESCRIPTION: Added details for special argument cases.
13880 Added (null) RETURN VALUE section.
13881 Added ERRORS section.
13885 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13886 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13887 Added ERRORS section.
13888 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13892 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13893 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13894 Rewrote ERRORS section.
13895 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13899 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13900 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13901 Added ERRORS section.
13902 Added ERRORS section; noted errno is not set:
13903 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782.
13904 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13908 SYNOPSIS: Added feature test macro requirements.
13909 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13910 Added (null) ERRORS section.
13911 Updated CONFORMING TO.
13915 Added RETURN VALUE section.
13916 Rewrote ERRORS section; noted that errno is not set /
13917 incorrectly set in some cases; see also
13918 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6809
13919 and http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6810.
13920 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13921 Added NOTES section to hold text explaining origin of tgamma().
13925 RETURN VALUE: small rewording.
13926 CONFORMING TO: Added POSIX.1-2001.
13927 Added NOTES section explaining that result may be too large
13928 to store in an integer type.
13931 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.07 ====================
13933 Released: 2008-08-12, Konolfingen
13939 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
13940 been incorporated in changes in this release:
13942 Alain Portal <aportal@univ-montp2.fr>
13943 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
13944 Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
13945 Cliff Wickman <cpw@sgi.com>
13946 Fabian Kreutz <kreutz@dbs.uni-hannover.de>
13947 Filippo Santovito <filippo.santovito@email.it>
13948 Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
13949 Heikki Orsila <shd@modeemi.cs.tut.fi>
13950 Khalil GHORBAL <khalil.ghorbal@cea.fr>
13951 Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
13952 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
13953 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
13954 Samuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>
13955 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
13956 Soh Kam Yung <sohkamyung@gmail.com>
13957 Stephane Chazelas <stephane_chazelas@yahoo.fr>
13958 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
13959 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
13961 Apologies if I missed anyone!
13964 New and rewritten pages
13965 -----------------------
13968 Christoph Lameter, various edits and improvements by mtk
13969 Documentation of the move_pages() system call.
13970 This page was formerly part of the numactl package, but really
13971 belongs in man-pages (since it describes a kernel interface).
13973 clock_getcpuclockid.3
13975 New page documenting the clock_getcpuclockid() library function,
13976 available since glibc 2.2.
13980 Document the Linux implementation of the UDP-Lite protocol,
13981 new in Linux 2.6.20.
13984 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
13985 ---------------------------------------------
13988 Christoph Lameter, minor edits and improvements by mtk
13989 Documentation of the /proc/PID/numa_maps file.
13990 This material was formerly the numa_maps.5 page in the numactl
13991 package, but really belongs in man-pages (since it describes
13992 a kernel interface).
14004 Fix mis-ordered (.SH) sections.
14023 s/PF_/AF_/ for socket family constants. Reasons: the AF_ and
14024 PF_ constants have always had the same values; there never has
14025 been a protocol family that had more than one address family,
14026 and POSIX.1-2001 only specifies the AF_* constants.
14028 Typographical or grammatical errors have been corrected in several
14032 Changes to individual pages
14033 ---------------------------
14037 The floating-point environment is reset to the default
14038 during an execve().
14042 Misc cleanup of get_mempolicy(2):
14043 + mention that any mode flags will be saved with mode.
14044 I don't bother to document mode flags here because we
14045 already have a pointer to set_mempolicy(2) for more info
14046 on memory policy. mode flags are discussed there.
14047 + remove some old, obsolete [IMO] NOTES and 'roff comments.
14049 Update the get_mempolicy(2) man page to add in the description of
14050 the MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED flag, added in 2.6.23.
14052 Document additional EINVAL error that occurs is MPOL_F_MEMS_ALLOWED
14053 is specified with either MPOL_F_ADDR or MPOL_F_NODE.
14057 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks getitimer() and setitimer()
14062 Fix error conditions, now that the kernel silently ignores
14063 nodes outside the task's cpuset, as long as one valid node
14066 Now that cpuset man page exists, we can refer to it. Remove
14067 stale comment regarding lack thereof.
14069 Add brief discussion of mode flags.
14071 Attempt to clarify discussion of MPOL_DEFAULT.
14073 Fix URI reference for libnuma.
14077 Remove EFAULT from errors. Under ENOMEM error, note that
14078 EFAULT was the error produced in some cases for kernels before
14082 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito
14083 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14084 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14088 Fix up the error return for nodemask containing nodes disallowed by
14089 the process' current cpuset. Disallowed nodes are now silently ignored,
14090 as long as the nodemask contains at least one node that is on-line,
14091 allowed by the process' cpuset and has memory.
14093 Now that we have a cpuset man page, we can refer to cpusets directly
14094 in the man page text.
14097 Another attempt to rationalize description of MPOL_DEFAULT.
14099 Since ~2.6.25, the system default memory policy is "local allocation".
14100 MPOL_DEFAULT itself is a request to remove any non-default policy and
14101 "fall back" to the surrounding context. Try to say that without delving
14102 into implementation details.
14105 Add discussion of mempolicy mode flags to set_mempolicy(2).
14106 This adds another reason for EINVAL.
14110 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks setpgrp() obsolete.
14113 mtk, after a note from Filippo Santovito
14114 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14115 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14118 Filippo Santovito / mtk
14119 In the ipc_perm structure definition, some fields were
14120 incorrectly named: s/key/__key/ and s/seq/__seq/.
14124 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks utime() obsolete.
14125 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the POSIX.1-2001 LEGACY
14126 marking of utimes(), so mention of this point has been
14127 removed from the page.
14131 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of vfork().
14135 SEE ALSO Add carg(3).
14139 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bcmp().
14143 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification ofcw
14148 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of bzero().
14152 AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc
14157 SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3).
14161 AVAILABILITY: These functions are still not in glibc
14166 POSIX.1-2008 marks asctime(), asctime_r(), ctime(), and ctime_r()
14171 CONFORMING TO: These functions are nowadays in POSIX.1-2008.
14175 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14180 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ftime().
14184 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ftw() as obsolete.
14188 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gcvt().
14191 Reuben Thomas / mtk
14192 Clarify description of getcwd() for buf==NULL case;
14193 CONFORMING TO: According to POSIX.1, the behavior of getcwd()
14194 is unspecified for the buf==NULL case.
14196 Add an introductory paragraph giving an overview of what these
14198 Fix error in description of getwd(): it does not truncate the
14199 pathname; rather, it gives an error if the pathname exceeds
14201 Rewrote RETURN VALUE section.
14202 Add EINVAL ENAMETOOLONG errors for getwd().
14203 Various other clarifications and wording fixes.
14204 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2001 does not define any errors for
14206 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getwd().
14210 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14211 gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and h_errno.
14215 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gets().
14221 VERSIONS: These functions are available in glibc since version 2.1.
14225 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14226 index() and rindex().
14230 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks isalpha() as obsolete.
14234 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specifications of
14235 makecontext() and swapcontext().
14239 VERSIONS: memrchr() since glibc 2.2; rawmemchr() since glibc 2.1.
14243 VERSIONS: mempcpy() since glibc 2.1.
14247 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of mktemp().
14251 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies fdopendir().
14255 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks rand_r() as obsolete.
14259 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks siginterrupt() as obsolete.
14263 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks sighold(), sigignore(),
14264 sigpause(), sigrelse(), and sigset() as obsolete.
14268 VERSIONS: strchrnul() since glibc 2.1.1.
14272 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tempnam() as obsolete.
14276 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks tmpnam() as obsolete.
14280 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks toascii() as obsolete.
14284 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of ualarm().
14288 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks ulimit() as obsolete.
14292 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of usleep().
14296 Updated details for POSIX.1-2008, and noted that if
14297 POSIX.1-2001 is listed in the CONFORMING TO section of a man
14298 page, then the reader can assume that the interface is also
14299 specified in POSIX.1-2008, unless otherwise noted.
14303 SEE ALSO: Add clock_getcpuclockid(3).
14307 SEE ALSO: add udplite(7).
14310 Changes to individual pages (math functions)
14311 --------------------------------------------
14313 Various changes here following on from the big update to the
14314 math pages in the previous release. Test results going back
14315 glibc 2.3.2 (so far) allowed updates to various pages to note
14316 changes in historical behavior for error reporting by math
14317 functions. Thanks to the following people for providing me
14318 with test results on various distributions and glibc versions:
14319 Alain Portal, Andries Brouwer, Fabian Kreutz, Heikki Orsila,
14320 Khalil GHORBAL, Pavel Heimlich, Reuben Thomas, Samuel Thibault,
14321 Soh Kam Yung, and Stephane Chazelas
14365 Added VERSIONS section noting that these functions first
14366 appeared in glibc in version 2.1.
14370 BUGS: In glibc 2.3.4 and earlier, an FE_OVERFLOW exception is not
14371 raised when an overflow occurs.
14375 Provide more detail in the description of rounding modes.
14376 Add text describing FLT_ROUNDS (formerly in fma.3).
14377 Add BUGS section pointing out the FLT_ROUNDS does not reflect
14378 changes by fesetround().
14382 Remove text about FLT_ROUNDS, replacing with a cross-reference
14387 CONFORMING TO: Note that the standards provide a weaker guarantee
14388 for the return value of isinf().
14392 BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier, log(nan("")) produces a bogus
14393 FE_INVALID exception.
14397 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14401 BUGS: In glibc 2.5 and earlier these functions do not raise an
14402 FE_UNDERFLOW exception on underflow.
14406 BUGS: described buggy NaN return when x is negative and y is large.
14407 See also: http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3866.
14408 BUGS: Note the bogus FE_INVALID exception that occurred in glibc
14409 2.3.2 and earlier on overflow and underflow.
14413 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14417 Add reference to fenv(3) for discussion of current rounding mode.
14421 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of scalb().
14425 BUGS: In glibc 2.3.3, tgamma(+-0) produced a domain error
14426 instead of a pole error.
14430 In glibc 2.3.2 and earlier, these functions do not raise an
14431 FE_INVALID exception for a domain error.
14435 Rewrite introductory paragraph.
14436 Point out that a NaN is commonly returned by functions that report
14440 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.08 ====================
14442 Released: 2008-08-27, Zurich
14448 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14449 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14451 Gerrit Renker <gerrit@erg.abdn.ac.uk>
14452 Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
14453 Mike Bianchi <MBianchi@foveal.com>
14454 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14455 Venkatesh Srinivas <me@acm.jhu.edu>
14456 Vijay Kumar <vijaykumar@bravegnu.org>
14458 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14461 New and rewritten pages
14462 -----------------------
14466 Documents getnetent_r(), getnetbyname_r(),
14467 and getnetbyaddr_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14468 getnetent(), getnetbyname(), and getnetbyaddr().
14472 Documents getprotoent_r(), getprotobyname_r(), and
14473 getprotobynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14474 getprotoent(), getprotobyname(), and getprotobynumber().
14478 Documents getrpcent_r(), getrpcbyname_r(), and
14479 getrpcbynumber_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14480 getrpcent(), getrpcbyname(), and getrpcbynumber().
14484 Documents getservent_r(), getservbyname_r(), and
14485 getservbyport_r(), the reentrant equivalents of
14486 getservent(), getservbyname(), and getservbyport().
14490 A new page giving overview details for the Linux NUMA interfaces.
14491 Incorporates some material from mbind.2, and the description
14492 of /proc/PID/numa_maps from proc.5.
14495 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
14496 ---------------------------------------------
14500 Add description of crypt_r().
14503 New and changed links
14504 ---------------------
14508 New link to crypt.3.
14513 New links to new getnetent_r.3.
14516 getprotobynumber_r.3
14518 New links to new getprotoent_r.3.
14523 New links to new getrpcent_r.3.
14528 New links to new getservent_r.3.
14532 Link to new numa(7) page, which incorporates the
14533 /proc/PID/numa_maps description.
14534 As part of the numactl() package, the /proc/PID/numa_maps
14535 documentation was in a numa_maps.5 page; this link
14536 ensures that "man 5 numa_maps" still works.
14537 (Eventually, we may want to remove this link.)
14548 Add reference to numa(7) for information on library support.
14549 Added a VERSIONS section.
14550 SEE ALSO: Add numa(7).
14568 These interfaces are specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14571 Changes to individual pages
14572 ---------------------------
14576 When an eventfd overflows, select() indicates the file as both
14577 readable and writable (not as having an exceptional condition).
14581 F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14585 NOTES: Add text mentioning the shell 'ulimit' (or 'limit')
14586 built-in command for setting resource limits.
14590 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 marks gettimeofday() as obsolete.
14594 Note kernel version where Linux stopped following symbolic
14595 links in 'oldpath'; see also http://lwn.net/Articles/294667.
14596 POSIX.1-2008 makes it implementation-dependent whether or not
14597 'oldpath' is dereferenced if it is a symbolic link.
14598 Add a reference to linkat(2) for an interface that allows
14599 precise control of the treatment of symbolic links.
14603 Remove material on library support and numactl; that material
14604 is now in numactl.7.
14608 Add kernel version numbers for MAP_32BIT.
14609 Add some details on MAP_32BIT (see http://lwn.net/Articles/294642).
14613 Added VERSIONS (from kernel 2.6.18) and CONFORMING TO sections.
14617 O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14621 s/d/domain/ for name of argument.
14622 Add reference to socket(2) for further information on
14623 domain, type, and protocol arguments.
14627 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 specifies utimensat() and futimens().
14631 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; other minor changes.
14635 Small rewording: "s/returned/failed with/ [an error]".
14639 Since glibc 2.7, it is possible to seek past the end of
14640 a stream created by open_memstream(). Add a BUGS section
14641 describing the bug in earlier glibc versions.
14645 Clarify exactly which functions are obsoleted by getnameinfo()
14650 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14651 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14652 the database if necessary.
14653 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14654 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14655 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14657 In glibc 2.2, the type of the 'net' argument for getnetbyaddr()
14658 changed from 'long' to 'uint32_t'.
14660 Note that the gethostbyaddr() 'net' argument is in host byte order.
14662 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14663 statically allocated structure.
14664 SEE ALSO: add getnetent_r.3.
14668 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14669 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14670 the database if necessary.
14671 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14672 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14673 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14675 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14676 statically allocated structure.
14677 SEE ALSO: add getprotoent_r.3.
14682 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14683 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14684 the database if necessary.
14685 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14687 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14688 statically allocated structure.
14689 SEE ALSO: add getrpcent_r.3.
14693 Rephrase description in terms of a database, rather than a file.
14694 Note that each of the get*() functions opens a connection to
14695 the database if necessary.
14696 The database connection is held open between get*() calls if
14697 'stayopen' is non-zero (not necessarily 1).
14698 s/zero terminated list/NULL-terminated list/
14700 RETURN VALUE: emphasize that returned pointer points to a
14701 statically allocated structure.
14702 SEE ALSO: add getservent_r.3.
14706 CONFORMING TO: this function is specified in POSIX.1-2008.
14710 s/sigev_notify_function/sigev_thread_function/
14711 as per http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=494956.
14715 Relocate text for resolved_path==NULL case to DESCRIPTION.
14716 POSIX.1-2001 leaves the resolved_path==NULL case as
14717 implementation-defined; POSIX.1-2008 specifies the behavior
14718 described in this man page.
14722 POSIX.1-2008 rectifies the POSIX.1-2001 omission, specifying
14723 that zero is returned by a successful sem_init() call.
14727 Make the page more helpful to non-programmers by referencing
14728 the documentation of the shell's 'ulimit' command in the
14729 discussion of RLIMIT_CORE and RLIMIT_FSIZE.
14730 SEE ALSO: Add bash(1).
14732 Note that a core dump file can be used in a debugger.
14736 Remove /proc/PID/numa_maps material (it is now in numa(7)).
14740 SEE ALSO: Add numa(7).
14744 Explain bug that occurred in coalescing identical events in
14745 kernels before 2.6.25.
14746 (See commit 1c17d18e3775485bf1e0ce79575eb637a94494a2
14747 "A potential bug in inotify_user.c" in the 2.6.25 Changelog.)
14751 Update thread-safe functions list with changes in POSIX.1-2008.
14752 SEE ALSO: add proc(5).
14756 Update list of async-signal-safe functions for POSIX.1-2008.
14759 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.09 ====================
14761 Released: 2008-09-10, Munich
14767 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14768 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14770 Bernd Eckenfels <be-mail2006@lina.inka.de>
14771 Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
14772 Carsten Emde <Carsten.Emde@osadl.org>
14773 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
14774 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
14775 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
14776 Joe Korty <joe.korty@ccur.com>
14777 Marko Kreen <markokr@gmail.com>
14778 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
14779 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
14780 Michael Schurter <michael@susens-schurter.com>
14781 Mike Bianchi <MBianchi@foveal.com>
14782 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
14783 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14784 Suka <sukadev@us.ibm.com>
14785 Timothy S. Nelson <wayland@wayland.id.au>
14786 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
14787 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
14789 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14792 New and rewritten pages
14793 -----------------------
14797 Document fopencookie(3), a library function that allows
14798 custom implementation of a stdio stream.
14801 Martin (Joey) Schulze, with a few light edits by mtk
14802 Documents the /etc/networks file.
14810 s/time zone/timezone/ for consistency across pages and
14840 Add/fix feature test macro requirements.
14843 Changes to individual pages
14844 ---------------------------
14847 mtk, after a note by Mike Bianchi
14848 More clearly and consistently describe whether
14849 or not the third argument to fcntl() is required,
14850 and what its type should be.
14852 Move description of negative l_len from NOTES, integrating
14853 it into the discussion of file locking.
14854 Minor rewrites of the text on file locking.
14858 SEE ALSO: Add clock(3), clock_gettime(3).
14859 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475
14863 Remove old sentence about where to send updates for this page.
14864 Add more detail on mount options that prevent updates to atime.
14866 sched_setscheduler.2
14868 Update kernel version numbers relating to real-time support.
14872 Note that lstat() will generally not trigger automounter
14873 action, whereas stat() will.
14877 SEE ALSO: Add clock_gettime(3).
14878 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=353475
14882 Add "Link with -lrt" to SYNOPSIS; remove now redundant
14883 sentence mentioning librt from NOTES.
14887 Rewrite description of getdate_r() and integrate into main text
14888 (rather than describing in NOTES).
14889 Other parts rewritten for greater clarity.
14890 Make it clearer in the main text that glibc does not implement %Z;
14891 remove discussion of that point from NOTES.
14892 Added an example program.
14896 Noted that table size as specified by 'nel' is immutable.
14897 Described differences between hsearch() and hsearch_r().
14898 Added missing pieces to RETURN VALUE.
14899 Added a number of new entries under ERRORS.
14900 NOTES: added some basic advice on sizing the hash table;
14901 noted that when a table is destroyed, the caller is responsible
14902 for freeing the buffers pointed to by 'key' and 'data' fields.
14903 One of the BUGS was fixed in glibc 2.3.
14904 Rewrote and clarified various other pieces.
14905 Rename arguments for reentrant functions, using same name as
14906 glibc headers: s/ret/retval/; s/tab/htab/.
14907 mtk, after a suggestion by Timothy S. Nelson
14908 Integrate discussion of reentrant functions into main discussion
14909 (rather than as a short paragraph at the end).
14913 Describe "shift sequence" input.
14917 Fix return type of ptsname_r() in SYNOPSIS.
14921 s/stat(2)/lstat(2)/ when discussing d_type (since we
14922 are talking about a case where we might be interested to
14923 whether the file itself is a symbolic link).
14926 Chris Head, signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger
14927 Fix typo: s/sigdelset/sigorset/
14930 Mats Wichmann / mtk
14931 s/\[number]/[pid]/ in file names for /proc/PID files.
14932 And similar changes for task/[tid] sub-directories.
14933 mtk / Mats Wichmann
14934 In the description if /proc/[pid]/environ, remove reference to
14935 lilo(8)/grub(8) since there seems to be nothing in those pages
14936 that related to this /proc file.
14937 Michael Schurter / mtk
14938 Remove sentence wrongly saying that /proc/meminfo reports
14940 see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=462969
14942 Note that /proc/meminfo reports system-wide memory usage
14945 Document new fields in /proc/interrupts that were added in
14950 Since glibc 2.8, _GNU_SOURCE must be defined in order to get
14951 the definition of the ucred structure from <sys/socket.h>.
14954 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.10 ====================
14956 Released: 2008-09-23, Munich
14962 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
14963 been incorporated in changes in this release:
14965 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
14966 George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com>
14967 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
14968 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
14969 John Reiser <jreiser@bitwagon.com>
14971 Apologies if I missed anyone!
14985 Fix 'dir' argument name: should be 'dirp'.
14986 POSIX.1-2008 and glibc call this argument 'dirp' (consistent
14987 with the fact that it is a *pointer* to a DIR structure).
14990 Changes to individual pages
14991 ---------------------------
14994 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser
14995 Clarify text describing getpid() caching bug for clone() wrapper.
14997 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6910
14998 https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=417521
15001 mtk, after a comment by John Reiser
15002 Describe getpid()'s PID caching and its consequences.
15006 s/it_interval/it_value/ when talking about TIMERFD_ABSTIME.
15010 Clarify closedir()'s treatment of underlying file descriptor.
15014 Fix memory leak in example program.
15015 Add use of tdestroy to example program.
15017 Add "#define _GNU_SOURCE" to example program.
15020 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich
15021 Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages
15025 Remove some out-of-date bugs.
15026 mtk, after a note from Pavel Heimlich
15027 Remove SEE ALSO references to nonexistent Guides to Yellow Pages
15028 and Bind/Hesiod docs.
15030 Remove crufty text about use of comma instead of slash to separate
15034 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.11 ====================
15036 Released: 2008-10-07, Munich
15042 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15043 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15045 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
15046 Eugene V. Lyubimkin <jackyf.devel@gmail.com>
15047 Gergely Soos <sogerc1@gmail.com>
15048 Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
15049 Marko Kreen <markokr@gmail.com>
15050 Maxin B. John <maxin.john@ap.sony.com>
15051 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
15052 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
15053 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
15054 Pavel Heimlich <tropikhajma@seznam.cz>
15055 Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez <jimenezrick@gmail.com>
15056 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
15058 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15061 New and rewritten pages
15062 -----------------------
15066 Create a new page for umount() and umount2() by extracting
15067 existing material from mount.2 page.
15070 New and changed links
15071 ---------------------
15075 Change link to point to new umount.2
15076 The umount2() material migrated from mount.2 to umount.2
15079 Changes to individual pages
15080 ---------------------------
15084 _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer necessarily constant
15085 POSIX.1-2001 says that the values returned by sysconf()
15086 are constant for the life of the process.
15087 But the fact that, since Linux 2.6.23, ARG_MAX is settable
15088 via RLIMIT_STACK means _SC_ARG_MAX is no longer constant,
15089 since it can change at each execve().
15091 Linux now imposes a floor on the ARG_MAX limit
15092 Starting with Linux 2.6.23, the ARG_MAX limit became
15093 settable via (1/4 of) RLIMIT_STACK. This broke ABI
15094 compatibility if RLIMIT_STACK was set such that ARG_MAX
15095 was < 32 pages. Document the fact that since 2.6.25
15096 Linux imposes a floor on ARG_MAX, so that the old limit
15097 of 32 pages is guaranteed.
15099 For some background on the changes to ARG_MAX in
15100 kernels 2.6.23 and 2.6.25, see:
15101 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=5786
15102 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10095
15103 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/646709/focus=648101,
15104 checked into 2.6.25 as
15105 commit a64e715fc74b1a7dcc5944f848acc38b2c4d4ee2.
15107 Also some reordering/rewording of the discussion of ARG_MAX.
15111 Note lack of glibc wrapper; caller must use syscall(2)
15112 Glibc doesn't (and quite probably won't) include a
15113 wrapper for this system call. Therefore, point out that
15114 potential callers will need to use syscall(2), and rewrite
15115 the RETURN VALUE text to show things as they would be if
15119 Refer reader to posix_fallocate(3) for portable interface
15120 Add a para to start of page that points out that this is the
15121 low-level, Linux-specific API, and point the reader to
15122 posix_fallocate(3) for the portable API.
15127 d_type is currently only supported on ext[234]
15128 As at kernel 2.6.27, only ext[234] support d_type.
15129 On other file systems, d_type is always set to DT_UNKNOWN (0).
15133 Add an example program
15135 comment out linux_dirent fields with varying location
15136 The location of the fields after d_name varies according to
15137 the size of d_name. We can't properly declare them in C;
15138 therefore, put those fields inside a comment.
15140 The DT_* constants are defined in <dirent.h>
15142 Remove header files from SYNOPSIS
15143 None of the header files provides what is needed.
15144 Calls are made via syscall(2).
15146 The programmer must define the linux_dirent structure
15147 Point out that this structure is not defined in glibc headers.
15149 s/dirent/linux_dirent/
15150 The structure isn't currently defined in glibc headers,
15151 and the kernel name of the structure is 'linux_dirent' (as
15152 was already used in some, but not all, places in this page).
15156 Reword/relocate discussion of BSD's historical RLIMIT_OFILE
15157 The old sentence sat on its own in an odd place, and anyway the
15158 modern BSDs use the name RLIMIT_NOFILE.
15160 Refer to execve(2) for RLIMIT_STACK's effect on ARG_MAX
15161 Refer the reader to new text in execve(2) that describes how
15162 (since Linux 2.6.23) RLIMIT_STACK determines the value of ARG_MAX.
15166 Rusage measures are preserved across execve(2)
15174 Make a detail of EPERM error more precise
15178 Add description of per-process namespaces
15179 Describe per-process namespaces, including discussion
15180 of clone() and unshare CLONE_NEWNS, and /proc/PID/mounts.
15182 List a few other file systems that we may see in /proc/filesystems
15183 Add some modern file systems to that list (xfs, jfs, ext3,
15186 Document MS_SILENT (and MS_VERBOSE)
15191 Split umount*() out into a separate page
15192 The length of this page means that it's becoming difficult
15193 to parse which info is specific to mount() versus
15194 umount()/umount2(), so split the umount material out into
15199 Remove mention of words "library function"
15200 This really is a system call.
15204 The programmer must declare the old_linux_dirent structure
15205 Glibc does not provide a definition of this structure.
15207 s/dirent/old_linux_dirent/
15208 Nowadays, this is the name of the structure in the
15211 Remove words "which may change"
15212 These words are slightly bogus: although the interface
15213 is obsolete, for ABI-compatibility reasons, the kernel folk
15214 should never be changing this interface.
15216 Remove header files from SYNOPSIS
15217 glibc doesn't provide any support for readdir(2),
15218 so remove these header files (which otherwise suggest
15219 that glibc does provide the required pieces).
15223 Move kernel version number to first mention to MSG_ERRQUEUE.
15227 Fix typo in example
15228 (The '&' before sop in the semop() call is unneeded.)
15232 Make kernel version for MSG_CONFIRM more precise
15233 s/2.3+ only/Since Linux 2.3.15/
15237 Refer reader to signal(7) for an overview of signals
15238 Explain semantics of signal disposition during fork() and execve()
15239 Refer to signal(7) for more details on signal mask.
15243 Explain inheritance of alternate signal stack across fork(2)
15247 Distinguish per-thread and process-wide signals
15248 A sentence clarifying that pending signal set is union of
15249 per-thread and process-wide pending signal sets.
15252 These interfaces have per-thread semantics
15253 The page was previously fuzzy about whether the these interfaces
15254 have process-wide or per-thread semantics. (E.g., now the
15255 page states that the calling *thread* (not process) is suspended
15256 until the signal is delivered.)
15260 Explain effect of fork() and execve() for pending signal set
15262 Explain how thread's pending signal set is defined
15263 The pending set is the union of per-thread pending signals
15264 and process-wide pending signals.
15268 Explain effects of fork() and execve() for signal mask
15272 Note that SPLICE_F_MOVE is a no-op since kernel 2.6.21
15276 Add more detail about wrapper functions
15277 Add a few more details about work generally done by wrapper
15278 functions. Note that syscall(2) performs the same steps.
15282 EINVAL error can also occur for invalid TGID
15283 The EINVAL error on an invalid TGID for tgkill() was
15284 not documented; this change documents it.
15288 POSIX.1-2008 revision will likely affect FTMs for futimens()
15289 Make it clear that the POSIX.1 revision that is likely
15290 to affect the feature test macro requirements for futimens()
15293 Make various wordings a little more precise.
15294 The times argument point to *an array of* structures, and the
15295 man-page should say that consistently.
15299 wait3() is a library function layered on wait4().
15300 On Linux wait3() is a library function implemented on top
15301 of wait4(). (Knowing this is useful when using strace(2),
15306 Fix error in description of range or return value
15307 In recent changes to the man page, mtk accidentally changed
15308 the description of the return value range to -pi/2..pi/2;
15309 the correct range is -pi..pi.
15313 Add parentheses after macro names.
15317 Clarify mktime()'s use of tm_isdst
15318 Describe use of tm_isdst for input to mktime();
15319 explain how mktime() modifies this field.
15320 (This field is left unchanged in case of error.)
15322 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=500178
15324 Clarify wording for ctime_r() and asctime_r() to indicate that
15325 the buffer must be at least 26 *bytes*.
15327 Minor rewording of mktime() description.
15331 floor.3: Fix error in description: s/smallest/largest/
15335 Call hdestroy() after using hash table created by hcreate(),
15336 for the sake of completeness
15340 mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are layered on mq_getsetattr(2)
15341 mq_getattr() and mq_setattr() are library functions layered on
15342 top of the mq_getsetattr(2) system call.
15343 (This is useful info for users of strace(1).)
15347 mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedreceive() syscall
15348 This info is useful for users of strace(1).
15352 mq_send() is a library function layered on mq_timedsend() syscall
15353 This info is useful for users of strace(1).
15357 Make description more precise: s/next/largest/
15361 SEE ALSO: add getdents(2)
15362 Because readdir() is implemented on top of getdents(2).
15366 Clarify that returned pathname is NULL terminated
15367 Also clarify that null-byte is included in PATH_MAX limit.
15371 Rewrite and simplify description of /proc/mounts
15372 Most of the relevant discussion is now under /proc/PID/mounts;
15373 all that needs to be here is a mention of the pre-2.4.19
15374 system-wide namespace situation, and a reference to the
15375 discussion under /proc/PID/mounts.
15377 Add description of /proc/PID/mounts
15378 Largely cribbed from existing /proc/mounts discussion, which is
15379 about to be rewritten.
15383 Add mq_notify() to list of lib. functions and syscalls in MQ API
15387 Improve description in NAME section
15388 Add mention of sigaltstack(2).
15389 Describe syscalls that synchronously wait for a signal,
15390 Give overview of syscalls that block until a signal is caught
15391 Add overview of interfaces for sending signals.
15394 Describe semantics w.r.t. fork() and execve()
15395 Include text describing semantics of fork() and execve() for
15396 signal dispositions, signal mask, and pending signal set.
15399 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.12 ====================
15401 Released: 2008-10-29, Bucaramanga
15407 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15408 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15410 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
15411 Christian Grigis <glove@earthling.net>
15412 Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
15413 Didier <did447@gmail.com>
15414 Halesh S <halesh.s@india.com>
15415 J.H.M. Dassen (Ray) <fsmla@xinara.org>
15416 Jason Spiro <jasonspiro4@gmail.com>
15417 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
15418 Michael B. Trausch <mike@trausch.us>
15419 Pierre Cazenave <pwc101@noc.soton.ac.uk>
15420 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
15422 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15425 New and rewritten pages
15426 -----------------------
15428 pthread_attr_init.3
15430 New page for pthread_attr_init(3) and pthread_attr_destroy(3)
15432 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
15434 New page for pthread_attr_setdetachstate(3) and
15435 pthread_attr_getdetachstate(3)
15437 pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
15439 New page for pthread_attr_setguardsize(3) and
15440 pthread_attr_getguardsize(3)
15442 pthread_attr_setscope.3
15444 New page for pthread_attr_setscope(3) and pthread_attr_getscope(3)
15446 pthread_attr_setstack.3
15448 New page for pthread_attr_setstack(3) and pthread_attr_getstack(3)
15450 pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
15452 New page for pthread_attr_setstackaddr(3) and
15453 pthread_attr_getstackaddr(3)
15455 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
15457 New page for pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) and
15458 pthread_attr_getstacksize(3)
15462 New page describing pthread_create(3)
15466 New page for pthread_detach(3)
15470 New page for pthread_equal(3)
15474 New page describing pthread_exit(3)
15476 pthread_getattr_np.3
15478 New page for pthread_getattr_np(3)
15482 New page for pthread_join(3)
15486 New page for pthread_self(3)
15488 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15490 New page for pthread_tryjoin_np(3) and pthread_timedjoin_np(3)
15493 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
15494 ---------------------------------------------
15498 Add description of dup3()
15499 dup3() was added in kernel 2.6.27.
15503 Add description of new epoll_create1()
15504 The new epoll_create1() system call appeared in Linux 2.6.27.
15508 Describe eventfd2() and EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC
15509 Linux 2.6.27 added eventfd(), which supports a flags argument
15510 that eventfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented
15511 are EFD_NONBLOCK and EFD_CLOEXEC,
15515 Add description of inotify_init1()
15516 The inotify_init1() system call was added in Linux 2.6.27.
15520 Add description of new pipe2() syscall
15521 pipe2() was added in 2.6.27. Describe the O_NONBLOCK and
15526 Describe signalfd4() and SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC
15527 Linux 2.6.27 added signalfd4(), which supports a flags argument
15528 that signalfd() did not provide. The flags so far implemented
15529 are SFD_NONBLOCK and SFD_CLOEXEC.
15532 New and changed links
15533 ---------------------
15538 dup.2 now contains the description of the new dup3() syscall.
15542 New link to epoll_create.2
15543 epoll_create.2 now includes a description of the new
15544 epoll_create1() system call.
15548 New link to eventfd.2
15549 The eventfd.2 page has some details on the eventfd2() system call,
15550 which was new in Linux 2.6.27.
15554 New link to inotify_init.2
15555 inotify_init.2 now includes a description of the new
15556 inotify_init1() system call.
15561 pipe(2) now contains a description of the new pipe2() syscall.
15563 pthread_attr_destroy.3
15565 New link to new pthread_attr_init.3
15567 pthread_attr_getdetachstate.3
15569 New link to new pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
15571 pthread_attr_getguardsize.3
15573 New link to new pthread_attr_setguardsize.3
15575 pthread_attr_getscope.3
15577 New link to new pthread_attr_setscope.3
15579 pthread_attr_getstack.3
15581 New link to new pthread_attr_setstack.3
15583 pthread_attr_getstackaddr.3
15585 New link to new pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3
15587 pthread_attr_getstacksize.3
15589 New link to new pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
15591 pthread_timedjoin_np.3
15593 New link to new pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15597 New link to signalfd.2
15598 signalfd.2 now includes text describing signalfd4() system call,
15599 new in Linux 2.6.27.
15605 eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2,
15606 wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3,
15607 fopencookie.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3,
15608 getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3,
15609 makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3,
15610 pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strtol.3, core.5
15612 Add ".SS Program source" to EXAMPLE
15613 Add ".SS Program source" to clearly distinguish shell session and
15614 descriptive text from actual program code.
15616 eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2,
15617 signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3,
15618 clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3,
15619 getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3,
15620 gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3,
15621 malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3,
15622 pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3,
15623 strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7
15625 Format user input in shell sessions in boldface
15627 frexp.3, strftime.3, strtok.3
15629 Relocate shell session above example program
15630 Move the shell session text that demonstrates the use of
15631 the example program so that it precedes the actual
15632 example program. This makes the page consistent with the
15633 majority of other pages.
15636 Changes to individual pages
15637 ---------------------------
15641 Say more about unused epoll_create() 'size' arg
15642 Supply a little more explanation about why the 'size' argument
15643 of epoll_create() is nowadays ignored.
15647 Remove crufty text relating to flags argument
15648 Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument
15649 to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older
15650 eventfd() system call.
15653 Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support
15654 Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type',
15655 returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support.
15656 Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to
15659 getpeername.2, getsockname.2
15661 SEE ALSO: add ip(7) and unix(7)
15665 EINVAL can also occur if 'optval' is invalid
15666 In some cases, EINVAL can occur if 'optval' is invalid.
15667 Note this, and point reader to an example in ip(7).
15669 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092
15675 Clarify *_NONBLOCK description
15676 Make it clear that the NONBLOCK flag sets an attribute in the new
15677 open file description.
15681 Rewrite description in terms of threads
15682 The text formerly described the operation of sched_yield() in
15683 terms of processes. It should be in terms of threads.
15685 Add NOTES text on appropriate use of sched_yield()
15686 Strategic calls to sched_yield() can be used to improve
15687 performance, but unnecessary use should be avoided.
15691 Clarify that sa_mask affects the *per-thread* signal mask
15692 The page didn't previously clearly explain the scope of the
15693 signal mask that is affected by sa_mask.
15697 Remove crufty text relating to flags argument
15698 Remove sentence saying that glibc adds a flags argument
15699 to the syscall; that was only relevant for the older
15700 signalfd() system call.
15704 Clarify that sigprocmask() operates on a per-thread mask
15705 The first sentence of the page was vague on the scope of the
15706 attribute changed by sigprocmask(). Reword to make this
15707 clearer and add a sentence in NOTES to explicitly state that
15708 the signal mask is a per-thread attribute.
15712 Document SOCK_NONBLOCK and SOCK_CLOEXEC flags
15713 These flags, specified in the 'type' argument, are supported
15714 since Linux 2.6.27.
15718 Refer to socket(2) for SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK
15719 Refer the reader to socket(2) for a description of the SOCK_CLOEXEC
15720 and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags, which are supported by socketpair() since
15725 Add new 2.6.27 system calls
15726 Add pipe2(), dup3(), epoll_create1(), inotify_init1(),
15727 eventfd2(), signalfd4().
15731 Document timerfd_create() TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK
15732 TFD_CLOEXEC and TFD_NONBLOCK are supported since LInux 2.6.27.
15736 Clarify meaning of "child releases the parent's memory"
15737 The man page was not explicit about how the memory used by
15738 the child is released back to the parent.
15742 ctime_r() and localtime_r() need not set 'timezone' and 'daylight'
15743 The man page already noted that these functions need not set
15744 'tzname', but things could be clearer: it tzset() is not called,
15745 then the other two variables also are not set.
15747 Also, clarify that ctime() does set 'timezone' and 'daylight'.
15751 LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected once, at program start-up
15752 Make it clear that LD_LIBRARY_PATH is inspected *once*, at
15753 program start-up. (Verified from source and by experiment.)
15757 Document binary mode (mode 'b')
15758 Glibc 2.9 adds support to fmemopen() for binary mode opens.
15759 Binary mode is specified by inclusion of the letter 'b' in
15760 the 'mode' argument.
15764 Clarify error descriptions with some examples
15765 Clarify the description of some errors by giving examples
15766 that produce the errors. (Text added for EAI_SERVICE and
15769 Also, add an error case for EAI_BADFLAGS.
15773 Rationalize text on POSIX.1-2001 obsolete interfaces
15774 POSIX.1 marks gethostbyname(), gethostbyaddr(), and 'h_errno'
15775 as obsolete. The man page explained this, but with some
15776 duplication. Remove the duplication, and otherwise tidy up
15777 discussion of this point.
15781 Change one-line description in NAME
15782 s%process I/O%pipe stream to or from a process%
15784 Document 'e' (close-on-exec) flag
15785 glibc 2.9 implements the 'e' flag in 'type', which sets the
15786 close-on-exec flag on the underlying file descriptor.
15790 SEE ALSO: add pthread_kill(3)
15794 Fix text relating to DT_UNKNOWN and 'd_type' support
15795 (This mirrors the previous change to getdents.2)
15796 Some file systems provide partial support for 'dt_type',
15797 returning DT_UNKNOWN for cases they don't support.
15798 Update the discussion of 'd_type' and DT_UNKNOWN to
15803 Strengthen warning about checking against buffer overruns
15804 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=413940
15808 Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS
15809 Explain capability requirements for TIOCCONS, and describe
15810 changes in 2.6.10 relating to capabilities.
15812 Explain capability requirements for various ioctls
15813 For TIOCSLCKTRMIOS, TIOCSCTTY, TIOCEXCL, explain the exact
15814 capability that is required (the text formerly just said "root"
15819 Document /proc/sys/kernel/threads-max
15820 Defines the system-wide limit on the number of threads (tasks).
15824 It is just "other" who should not have write perms on utmp
15825 The page was vague before, saying that utmp should not be
15826 writable by any user. This isn't true: it can be, and
15827 typically is, writable by user and group.
15831 Mention epoll_create1() as part of epoll API
15832 epoll_create1() was added in Linux 2.6.27, and extends the
15833 functionality of epoll_create().
15837 Mention inotify_init1() in overview of API
15838 Discuss the new inotify_init1() system call in the overview of
15843 Detail EINVAL error for IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP socket option
15845 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=216092
15848 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
15849 Add Drachma, Euro, and Greek Ypogegrammeni
15850 Also, amend description of characters 0241 and 0242.
15854 Example shell sessions should have user input boldfaced
15858 Describe return value from pthreads functions
15859 Describe the usual success (0) and failure (non-zero) returns,
15860 and note that POSIX.1-2001 specifies that pthreads functions
15861 can never fail with the error EINTR.
15865 Timeouts make socket interfaces non-restartable
15866 If setsockopt() is used to set a timeout on a socket(),
15867 then the various socket interfaces are not automatically
15868 restarted, even if SA_RESTART is specified when
15869 establishing the signal handler. Analogous behavior occurs
15870 for the "stop signals" case.
15874 SEE ALSO: add unix(7)
15878 Document LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS
15879 Drawing heavily on Jakub Jelinek's description in
15880 http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-hacker/2003-11/msg00127.html
15881 (Subject: [PATCH] Support LD_USE_LOAD_BIAS)
15882 --inhibit-rpath is ignored for setuid/setgid ld.so
15883 The --inhibit-rpath option is ignored if ld.so is setuid/setgid
15884 (not if the executable is setuid/setgid).
15886 Since glibc 2.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_ORIGIN_PATH
15888 Fix description of LD_PROFILE and LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT
15889 Clarify that LD_PROFILE is pathname or a soname,
15890 and identify name of profiling output file.
15891 Fix description of LD_PROFILE_OUTPUT, which wasn't even close to
15892 the truth. (But why did it remain unfixed for so many years?)
15894 Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DYNAMIC_WEAK
15896 Since version 2.3.5, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_SHOW_AUXV
15898 Reorder lists of LD_* environment variables alphabetically
15900 Since glibc 2.3.4, setuid/setgid programs ignore LD_DEBUG
15903 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.13 ====================
15905 Released: 2008-11-07, Bucaramanga
15911 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
15912 been incorporated in changes in this release:
15914 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
15915 Karsten Weiss <knweiss@gmail.com>
15916 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
15917 Olaf van der Spek <olafvdspek@gmail.com>
15918 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
15919 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
15920 Ulrich Mueller <ulm@gentoo.org>
15921 Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
15923 Apologies if I missed anyone!
15926 New and rewritten pages
15927 -----------------------
15929 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15931 New page for pthread_attr_setaffinity_np(3) and
15932 pthread_attr_getaffinity_np(3)
15934 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
15936 New page for pthread_attr_setschedparam(3) and
15937 pthread_attr_getschedparam(3)
15939 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
15941 New page for pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(3) and
15942 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(3)
15944 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15946 New page for pthread_setaffinity_np(3) and pthread_getaffinity_np(3)
15948 pthread_setschedparam.3
15950 New page for pthread_setschedparam(3) and pthread_getschedparam(3)
15952 pthread_setschedprio.3
15954 New page for pthread_setschedprio(3)
15957 New and changed links
15958 ---------------------
15960 pthread_attr_getaffinity_np.3
15962 New link to new pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15964 pthread_attr_getschedparam.3
15966 New link to new pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
15968 pthread_attr_getschedpolicy.3
15970 New link to new pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
15972 pthread_getaffinity_np.3
15974 New link to new pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15976 pthread_getschedparam.3
15978 New link to new pthread_setschedparam.3
15984 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
15985 pthread_getattr_np.3
15986 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
15987 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
15990 Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np"
15991 suffix is because these functions are non-portable.
15994 Changes to individual pages
15995 ---------------------------
15997 sched_setaffinity.2
15999 SEE ALSO: add sched_getcpu(3)
16001 sched_setaffinity.2
16003 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_setaffinity_np(3)
16005 sched_setaffinity.2
16007 Clarify EINVAL error for cpusetsize < kernel mask size
16008 For sched_setaffinity(), the EINVAL error that occurs
16009 if 'cpusetsize' is smaller than the kernel CPU set size only
16010 occurs with kernels before 2.6.9.
16014 Child holds parent's memory until execve() or *termination*
16015 The page was phrased in a few places to describe the child as
16016 holding the parent's memory until the child does an execve(2)
16017 or an _exit(2). The latter case should really be the more
16018 general process termination (i.e., either _exit(2) or abnormal
16023 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not setabble
16024 According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and
16025 CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but
16026 currently they are not.
16028 pthread_attr_setstacksize.3
16029 Michael Kerrisk, after a report by Karsten Weiss
16030 EINVAL occurs on some systems if stacksize != page-size
16031 On MacOS X at least, pthread_attr_setstacksize(3) can fail
16032 with EINVAL if 'stacksize' is not a multiple of the system
16033 page size. Best to mention this so as to aid people writing
16038 Fix bug in EXAMPLE program
16039 The calloc() line should read like this instead:
16041 tinfo = calloc(num_threads, sizeof(struct thread_info));
16045 BUGS: thread group with a dead leader and stop signals
16046 Document the bug that can occur when a stop signal
16047 is sent to a thread group whose leader has terminated.
16048 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/611611
16049 http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=122525468300823&w=2
16053 Fix prototype of dn_expand()
16054 The 4th argument is "char *", not "unsigned char *".
16055 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708
16059 Fix error handling after accept() in example code
16060 Simply continuing after an error is in most cases wrong,
16061 and can lead to infinite loops (e.g., for EMFILE).
16062 So handle an error by terminating.
16063 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202
16067 Add error handling for epoll_wait() call in example code
16071 Improve example code
16072 Fill in some gaps in example code (variable declarations,
16073 adding listening socket to epoll set).
16074 Give variables more meaningful names.
16075 Other minor changes.
16076 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504202
16079 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
16080 Add characters for Drachma and Greek Ypogegrammeni
16081 Lines for these two characters were added in the previous patch,
16082 but the actual characters were not included in the 4th column
16083 of the table. This fixes that.
16087 Add a section describing thread IDs
16088 In particular, note that in each pthreads function that takes
16089 a thread ID argument, that ID by definition refers to a thread
16090 in the same process as the caller.
16093 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.14 ====================
16095 Released: 2008-11-25, Bucaramanga
16101 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
16102 been incorporated in changes in this release:
16104 Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se>
16105 Bert Wesarg <bert.wesarg@googlemail.com>
16106 Cedric Le Goater <clg@fr.ibm.com>
16107 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
16108 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
16109 Eugen Dedu <Eugen.Dedu@pu-pm.univ-fcomte.fr>
16110 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
16111 Jen Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
16112 Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
16113 Loïc Domaigne <tech@domaigne.com>
16114 Masanari Iida <masanari.iida@hp.com>
16115 Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
16116 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
16117 Pierre-Paul Paquin <pierrepaulpaquin@gmail.com>
16118 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
16119 Stefano Teso <teso@disi.unitn.it>
16120 Stew Benedict <stewb@linux-foundation.org>
16121 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
16123 Apologies if I missed anyone!
16126 New and rewritten pages
16127 -----------------------
16131 New page documenting CPU_* macros
16132 This page contains material moved out of sched_setscheduler(2).
16133 It overwrites a previously existing link file with the same name.
16135 Add description of macros for dynamically allocated CPU sets
16136 Add descriptions of CPU_ALLOC(), CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(), CPU_FREE(),
16137 CPU_SET_S(), CPU_CLR_S(), CPU_ISSET_S(), CPU_ZERO_S(),
16138 CPU_COUNT_S(), CPU_AND_S(), CPU_OR_S(), CPU_XOR_S(), and
16141 Add documentation of CPU_COUNT()
16143 Add description of CPU_AND(), CPU_OR, CPU_XOR(), and CPU_EQUAL()
16144 Plus a few other small clean-ups of the text
16146 Various improvements in DESCRIPTION
16147 After review comments by Bert Wesarg:
16148 * Explain that cpu_set_t is a bitset, but should be considered
16150 * A CPU set can be duplicated with memset().
16151 * Size of a CPU set is rounded up to size of long.
16152 * CPU_SETSIZE is in bits, but the setsize argument is in bytes.
16154 Document CPU_ALLOC()/CPU_ALLOC_SIZE() bug
16155 These macros return twice what they should because of thinko
16156 in glibc 2.8 and earlier. The bug is fixed for glibc 2.9.
16157 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7029
16159 NOTES: Discuss use of types in "prototypes" for these macros
16160 The SYNOPSIS shows types for arguments and return values, but
16161 these are really just suggestions: since the interfaces are
16162 macros, the compiler won't catch all violations of
16163 the "type rules". Warn the reader of this.
16165 pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
16167 New page for pthread_attr_setinheritsched(3) and
16168 pthread_attr_getinheritsched(3)
16172 New page for pthread_cancel(3)
16174 pthread_cleanup_push.3
16176 New page for pthread_cleanup_push(3) and pthread_cleanup_pop(3)
16178 pthread_setcancelstate.3
16180 New page for pthread_setcancelstate(3) and pthread_setcanceltype(3)
16182 pthread_testcancel.3
16184 New page for pthread_testcancel(3)
16187 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
16188 ---------------------------------------------
16192 Document CLONE_IO (new in Linux 2.6.25)
16193 Some text also by mtk.
16195 Document CLONE_NEWNET
16197 Document CLONE_NEWUTS (new in Linux 2.6.19)
16199 Document CLONE_NEWIPC flag (new in Linux 2.6.19)
16201 Document CLONE_NEWPID flag (new in Linux 2.6.24)
16205 Document MAP_STACK flag (new in Linux 2.6.27)
16209 Document /proc file retrans_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16211 Document /proc file base_reachable_time_ms (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16215 Document icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses (new in Linux 2.2)
16216 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16218 Document icmp_ratelimit and icmp_ratemask (new in Linux 2.4.10)
16219 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16221 Document icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts (new in Linux 2.6.12)
16222 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16226 Document /proc file tcp_slow_start_after_idle (new in Linux 2.6.18)
16227 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16229 Document /proc file tcp_base_mss (new in Linux 2.6.17)
16230 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16232 Document /proc file tcp_frto_response (new in Linux 2.6.22)
16233 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16235 Document /proc file tcp_moderate_rcvbuf (new in Linux 2.4.17/2.6.7)
16236 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16238 Document /proc file tcp_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.13)
16239 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16241 Document /proc file tcp_no_metrics_save (new in Linux 2.6.6)
16242 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16244 Document /proc file tcp_mtu_probing (new in Linux 2.6.17)
16245 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16247 Document /proc file tcp_dma_copybreak (new in Linux 2.6.24)
16248 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16250 Document /proc file tcp_tso_win_divisor (new in Linux 2.6.9)
16251 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16253 Document /proc file tcp_allowed_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20)
16254 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16256 Document /proc file tcp_workaround_signed_windows (new in Linux 2.6.26)
16257 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16259 Document /proc file tcp_available_congestion_control (new in Linux 2.4.20)
16260 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16262 Document /proc file tcp_abc (new in Linux 2.6.15)
16263 Text taken from Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
16267 Document /proc files udp_mem, udp_rmem_min, and udp_wmem_min
16268 All of these are new in Linux 2.6.25
16271 New and changed links
16272 ---------------------
16292 New link to new CPU_SET.3
16298 Update links to point to CPU_SET.3
16299 The documentation of the CPU_* macros migrated to a new
16300 location: CPU_SET.3.
16302 pthread_attr_getinheritsched.3
16304 New link to new pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3
16306 pthread_cleanup_pop.3
16308 New link to new pthread_cleanup_push.3
16310 pthread_setcanceltype.3
16312 New link to new pthread_setcancelstate.3
16324 Global fix: s/namespace/mount-point namespace/, as appropriate
16325 In recent times, a number of other namespace flags have been
16326 added to clone(2). As such, it is no longer clear to use
16327 the generic term "namespace" to refer to the particular
16328 namespace controlled by CLONE_NEWNS; instead, use the
16329 term "mount-point namespace".
16331 Global fix: s/mount-point namespace/mount namespace/
16332 This is more consistent with the term "mounts namespace"
16333 used in the 2008 ACM SIGOPS paper, "Virtual servers
16334 and and checkpoint/restart in mainstream Linux".
16335 (I avoided the "s", because using the plural strikes me
16336 as klunky English, and anyway we don't talk about
16337 the "PIDs namespace" or the "networks namespace", etc..)
16354 Global fix: eliminate mention of the obsolete sysctl(2) interface
16355 Many pages still mention use of the obsolete sysctl(2) system
16356 call, or used the term "sysctls"; rewrite these mentions to
16357 instead be in terms of /proc interfaces.
16369 Global fix: s/multi-thread/multithread/
16372 pthread_attr_init.3
16374 pthread_getattr_np.3
16375 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16376 pthread_setschedparam.3
16377 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
16379 Use consistent error-handling function names
16380 Many older pages use a handle_error() macro to do simple
16381 error handling from system and library function calls.
16382 Switch these pages to do similar.
16385 Changes to individual pages
16386 ---------------------------
16390 Note that some shells have a 'time' built-in command
16391 Therefore, to access the functionality described on this page,
16392 it may be necessary to specify the full pathname.
16396 Place list of CLONE_* flags in alphabetical order
16397 (No content changes.)
16400 Update feature test macro requirements for fsync()
16401 Since glibc 2.8, the fsync() declaration is also exposed if
16402 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
16404 sched_setaffinity.2
16406 Add note on system-imposed restrictions on CPUs actually used
16407 After Loic Domaigne's suggestion for pthread_setaffinity_np(3), add
16408 similar text to this page noting that the system silently
16409 limits the set of CPUs on which the process actually runs to
16410 the set of CPUs physically present and the limits imposed by
16413 sched_setaffinity.2
16415 Removed discussion of CPU_* macros()
16416 These macros are now moving to a separate page.
16418 Refer reader to pthread_setaffinity_np(3)
16419 pthread_setaffinity_np() is preferable for setting
16420 thread CPU affinity if using the POSIX threads API.
16424 Add prominent warning against using this system call
16425 This was already stated under NOTES, but make it even more
16426 prominent by adding a sentence at the start of the DESCRIPTION.
16430 Add C comments describing fields in utsname structure
16434 Fix description of range of function value return
16435 The range is not [-pi/2, pi/2], but [-pi, pi].
16437 (mtk: This error was reported by Nicolas Francois, and
16438 should have been fixed in 3.11, but somewhere along the way,
16441 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=506299
16445 Since glibc 2.8, EPFNOSUPPORT error is now EAFNOSUPPORT
16446 Glibc switched to using a POSIX-specified error code for
16449 http://bugs.linuxbase.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2375
16453 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID not settable
16454 According to POSIX.1-2001, the CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and
16455 CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID clocks should be settable, but
16456 currently they are not.
16460 Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description
16461 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16462 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16463 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16465 This is an analogous change to the change for
16466 getpwnam.3, made after Andreas Henriksson's report.
16467 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787
16469 Rename arguments to getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r()
16470 s/gbuf/grp/ and s/gbufp/result/, for consistency
16471 with POSIX.1 argument names.
16473 Clarify RETURN VALUE description
16474 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16475 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16476 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16478 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504708
16482 Rename arguments to getpwnam_r() and getpwuid_r()
16483 s/pwbuf/pwd/ and s/pwbufp/result/, for consistency
16484 with POSIX.1 argument names.
16486 Clarify and add more detail in RETURN VALUE description
16487 The page was a bit fuzzy in describing the return values for
16488 various cases. In particular, it needed to be more explicit
16489 in describing what happens for the "not found" case.
16491 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504787
16493 Add an EXAMPLE program for getpwnam_r()
16497 Rename 'cnt' argument to 'size'
16498 This is consistent with POSIX.1, and also a more sensible name.
16500 Rework text describing 'size' argument
16501 (After a suggestion by Vegard Nossum.)
16502 Also made a few other small rewordings to in the initial
16507 Add text on use of pointer arguments to makecontext()
16508 Passing pointer arguments to makecontext() is possible,
16509 but only on some architectures, and with no guarantees
16512 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=504699
16514 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
16516 Various fixes after review by Loic Domaigne
16517 Reviewed-by: Loic Domaigne
16519 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
16520 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16522 Update to reflect new location of CPU_*() documentation
16523 The CPU_*() macros are now documented in CPU_SET.3;
16524 update to reflect that fact.
16526 Remove redundant text relating to CPU sets
16527 Information about CPU_SETSIZE can be found in CPU_SET.3, so
16528 remove discussion of it here.
16530 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
16531 pthread_setschedparam.3
16533 Remove text saying that only sched_priority is required by POSIX.1
16534 Loic Domaigne points out that if a system implements
16535 SCHED_SPORADIC (which Linux does not), then other
16536 fields are also specified in sched_param. The simple
16537 solution is just to remove that phrase from the man
16543 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16545 Make text of ESRCH error consistent
16547 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
16549 Add text to EINVAL error mentioning cpuset(7)
16551 Various improvements after review by Loïc Domaigne
16552 Various fix-ups after Loïc's review.
16554 Reviewed-by: Loïc Domaigne
16556 pthread_setschedparam.3
16558 PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is default for inherit scheduler attribute
16559 In EXAMPLE, note that PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED is the default for
16560 the inherit scheduler attribute attribute.
16564 LOG_KERN messages can't be generated from user processes
16565 Masanari notes that this is an FAQ for logger(1) and that
16566 Solaris and FreeBSD document this point in syslog(3).
16567 The glibc info page also hides this comment in its source:
16569 Internally, there is also LOG_KERN, but LOG_KERN == 0,
16570 which means if you try to use it here, just selects default.
16574 Fix reference to kernel source file
16575 Use relative reference to Documentation/mtrr.txt.
16579 Add kernel version numbers for /proc interfaces
16583 SEE ALSO: add CPU_SET(3)
16587 Note glibc version that added epoll support
16591 Add kernel version numbers to /proc file descriptions
16595 Fix description of max_user_watches
16596 It seems that inotify(7) is wrong here:
16598 "/proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
16599 This specifies a limit on the number of watches that can be
16600 associated with each inotify instance."
16602 On my system, the default value for this variable is 8192. But I
16603 cannot create more than 8192 watches in total for the same UID
16604 even when they are on different inotify instances. So I suggest
16605 to rephrase this as: "This specifies an upper limit on the
16606 number of watches that can be created per real user ID."
16610 Reorder socket options alphabetically
16612 Added kernel version numbers for IP_* socket options
16614 Relocate kernel version information for IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE
16616 Add kernel version numbers for /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_* files
16618 Remove mention of kernel header from description of IP_RECVERR
16619 Looks like glibc has had this definition since about version 2.1.
16621 Relocate kernel version information for ip_mreqn structure
16623 Relocate info about Linux-specific sockopts to NOTES
16624 Also add some source comments about non-standard Linux-specific
16625 options that are not yet documented.
16629 Fix incorrect variable names in example code
16634 Add section on cancellation points
16635 This section includes a list of the functions that must and
16636 may be cancellation points.
16638 Rework, and fix small error in, thread-safe function list
16639 Integrate the changes that occurred in POSIX.1-2008 into the
16640 main list (to be consistent with the list, elsewhere on this
16641 page, of functions that are cancellation points).
16643 Also, fix an error that said that strerror() was added to
16644 the list in POSIX.1-2008. It was strsignal() that was
16645 added. (strerror() was already in the list in POSIX.1-2001.)
16647 Tweak text on sigpause() cancellation point
16648 In POSIX.1-2009, this function moves from the "must be"
16649 to the "may be" list.
16651 Add ref to signal(7) for further info on use of real-time signals
16652 signal(7) provides some further details on the use of real-time
16653 signals by the two Linux threading implementations.
16655 SEE ALSO: add pthread_attr_init() and pthread_cancel()
16659 Update description of tcp_rmem defaults for Linux 2.6
16661 Add kernel version numbers for TCP_* socket options
16662 Note kernel version were each socket option first appeared.
16664 The tcp_bic* proc files disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16666 tcp_vegas_cong_avoid disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16668 Add mention of RFC 4138 for 'tcp_frto' /proc file
16670 Remove mention of /proc in VERSIONS
16671 This information is not indicated for each /proc interface
16673 Clarify that tcp_mem measures in units of the system page size
16675 Update tcp_frto description for 2.6.22 changes
16676 Linux 2.6.22 added a mode value 2 ("Enable SACK-enhanced
16677 F-RTO if flow uses SACK").
16679 Fix alphabetical order in /proc file list
16680 A few entries were slightly out of order.
16682 Remove obsolete statement about /proc from VERSIONS
16683 Much of the text has been updated to 2.6.27 or so,
16684 so this statement no longer applies.
16686 Add kernel version numbers for each /proc interface
16687 Note kernel version where each /proc interface first appeared
16689 tcp_westwood /proc file disappeared in Linux 2.6.13
16691 Update description of tcp_wmem defaults for Linux 2.6
16694 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.15 ====================
16696 Released: 2008-12-05, Bucaramanga
16702 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
16703 been incorporated in changes in this release:
16705 Andre Majorel <aym-xunil@teaser.fr>
16706 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
16707 Chris Heath <chris@heathens.co.nz>
16708 Drake Wilson <drake@begriffli.ch>
16709 Mats Wichmann <mats.d.wichmann@intel.com>
16710 Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
16711 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
16712 Mike Fedyk <mfedyk@mikefedyk.com>
16713 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
16714 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
16715 Phil Endecott <phil_vonar_endecott@chezphil.org>
16716 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
16717 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
16719 Apologies if I missed anyone!
16722 New and rewritten pages
16723 -----------------------
16727 New page for makedev(), major(), and minor() macros
16729 pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3
16731 New page for pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np(3) and
16732 pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np(3)
16735 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
16736 ---------------------------------------------
16740 Document accept4() system call, new in Linux 2.6.28
16744 Add description of open_wmemstream(3)
16748 Document MSG_TRUNC flag for TCP sockets
16750 New and changed links
16751 ---------------------
16755 New link to accept.2
16756 accept.2 now documents the new accept4() system call.
16760 New link to fmemopen.3
16761 fmemopen.3 now documents open_wmemstream().
16762 pthread_cleanup_pop_restore_np.3
16764 New link to new pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3
16778 Global fix: SEE ALSO: add socket(7)
16785 Global fix: s/reserved port/privileged port/
16786 Some pages used one term, some pages the other term;
16787 make some consistency.
16793 Use consistent argument names
16794 Most other sockets pages are using the names 'addr'
16795 and 'addrlen'; make these pages do the same.
16807 SYNOPSIS: Rename socket file descriptor argument to 'sockfd'
16808 Many sockets man pages use the name 'sockfd' already.
16809 For consistency, changes the others to do so as well.
16817 New links to new makedev(3) page
16820 Changes to individual pages
16821 ---------------------------
16825 Since glibc 2.3, the exit() wrapper function invokes exit_group(2)
16826 This information is useful to users of strace(1).
16830 Clarify details when returned address is truncated
16831 If the returned address is truncated, the 'addrlen' argument
16832 indicates the actual size of the address, rather than a count
16833 of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer.
16835 Also clarify that if 'addr' argument is NULL, then 'addrlen'
16836 should is unused, and should also be NULL.
16838 Reorder ERRORS list
16839 Some errors were listed under a separate "may" heading.
16840 There's probably no real need to do this; integrate
16841 those errors into the main list.
16845 Note that since glibc 2.3, exit(2) invokes exit_group()
16849 Mention that glibc provides no wrapper function for futex()
16853 Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call
16857 Substantial rewrite
16858 Expand description of setdomainname() and getdomainname().
16859 Note that getdomainname() is implemented as a library function
16861 Note limits on size of domain name.
16862 Reorganize ERRORS list.
16866 Various parts rewritten
16867 Write a paragraph describing sethostname().
16869 Clarify differences between glibc's gethostbyname() and
16870 the kernel gethostbyname() system calls.
16874 Note that HOST_NAME_MAX is 64 on Linux
16875 Also note that in pre-1.0 days, the limit on hostnames
16880 Note that returned address may be truncated if buffer is too small
16884 Simplified version information and moved to a new VERSIONS section
16888 Note that returned address is truncated if buffer is too small
16892 Refer reader to makedev(3) to build a device ID
16896 Loosen language around how 'addr' hint is interpreted
16897 Mel Gorman reported that in Linux 2.6.27, 'addr' is rounded
16898 down to a page boundary.
16900 Before kernel 2.6.26, if 'addr' was taken as a hint, it was
16901 rounded up to the next page boundary. Since Linux 2.6.24,
16902 it is rounded down. Therefore, loosen the description of
16903 this point to say that the address is rounded to "a nearby
16908 EFBIG error is now EOVERFLOW (since Linux 2.6.24)
16909 When a 32-bit app opens a file whose size is too big to be
16910 represented in 31-bits, POSIX.1 specifies the error EOVERFLOW.
16911 Linux used to give EFBIG for this case, but 2.6.24 fixed this.
16913 Also, add some text to describe the error scenario in
16918 Note that glibc emulation for these calls uses lseek(2)
16919 (This makes it clearer that the emulated calls are not atomic.)
16924 Make names of "address" and "address length" args more consistent
16925 Make the names of these arguments more consistent with other
16930 Clarify details when returned address is truncated
16931 If the recvfrom() returned address is truncated, the 'fromlen'
16932 argument indicates the actual size of the address, rather than
16933 a count of the number of bytes in the truncated buffer.
16935 Also clarify that the 'from' argument can be NULL, in which
16936 case 'fromlen' should is unused, and should also be NULL.
16938 Internet datagram and netlink sockets support MSG_TRUNC for recv(2)
16939 Internet datagram (since Linux 2.4.27/2.6.8),
16940 and netlink (since Linux 2.6.22) sockets support
16941 the MSG_TRUNC flag for recv(2).
16945 Rewrote text describing feature test macros requirement for pselect()
16949 Fix SHUT_FD* macros in example program
16950 Add "do {} while (0)"
16954 Note that glibc provides no wrapper for this system call
16959 Simplify version information and move to a VERSIONS section
16963 Rework RETURN VALUE section; add an ERRORS section
16967 Relocate some CONFORMING TO text to VERSIONS and NOTES
16971 Document EOVERFLOW error
16973 Refer reader to major() and minor() to decompose a device ID
16977 Fix version numbers for a few system calls
16978 Some 2.6 system calls were wrongly mentioned as also being
16979 backported into a 2.4.x kernel.
16983 DESCRIPTION: Point reader at NOTES for further info on field lengths
16987 Fix return value description
16988 The correct range for the return value is [-pi/2,pi/2].
16989 (mtk's fix in the last change to the return value text was
16990 a botch-up of a (correct) suggestion by Nicolas Francois.)
16994 atexit() and on_exit(3) register functions on the same list
16996 Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined
16997 According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of
16998 a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results.
17000 Calling exit(3) more than once produces undefined results
17001 If an exit handler itself calls exit(3), the results are
17002 undefined (see the POSIX.1-2001 specification of exit(3)).
17004 The same exit handler may be registered multiple times
17006 Calling _exit(2) terminates processing of exit handlers
17008 Terminating registered function using longjmp() is undefined
17009 According to POSIX.1, using longjmp() to terminate execution of
17010 a function registered using atexit() produces undefined results.
17014 SYNOPSIS: s/\*\*/*/ in prototype
17016 Fix errors regarding port used, plus other rewrites
17017 Glibc's bindresvport() takes no notice of sin->sin_port:
17018 it always returns an arbitrary reserved port in the
17019 anonymous range (512-1023). (Reported by Mats Wichmann.)
17022 * Add EADDRINUSE and EACCES errors.
17023 * Mention use of getsockname(2).
17024 * Other minor rewrites and reorderings of the text.
17025 * Explicitly note that glib's bindresvport() ignores
17027 * Change license There's now virtually no text remaining from
17028 the 1.70 version of this page.
17030 Reviewed-by: Mats Wichmann
17031 Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis
17035 Describe confusing dladdr() behavior
17036 dladdr() will act unexpectedly if called from non-pic code on a
17037 compile-time-generated function pointer.
17041 Add VERSIONS section
17043 SEE OPEN: Add fopencookie(3)
17044 fopencookie(3) is used to implement fmemopen().
17048 SEE ALSO: Add fmemopen(3) and fopencookie(3)
17052 fopencookie() needs _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro
17056 Document results ordering and /etc/gai.conf
17057 This patch documents the order of the getaddrinfo(3) results
17058 (RFC 3484), how should the application deal with that,
17059 mentions the extremely common cause of having multiple
17060 results per query (both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses available)
17061 and mentions /etc/gai.conf.
17063 (mtk: Minor tweaks, and note glibc version for /etc/gai.conf)
17067 Complete rewrite of this page, with rather more detail
17071 Remove sentence saying that libc 5.0.9 is still widely used
17072 That was a *long* time ago.
17076 Document handling of registrations on fork(2) and execve(2)
17077 Treatment in these cases is the same as for atexit(3).
17079 Arg given to registered function is status from *last* call to exit()
17080 It's a subtle point, but if a registered function itself
17081 calls exit(3), then subsequent functions that were registered
17082 with on_exit(3) will see the exit status given to the more
17083 recent exit(3) call.
17085 Note that same function may be registered multiple times
17090 Clean up the description of LANGUAGE environment variable
17091 Clean up the $LANGUAGE description, by removing bogus comments
17092 from setlocale(3) and expanding the mention in locale(7).
17094 Maybe you will decide that a more detailed description
17095 should be left to the gettext(3) documentation, but I
17096 actually care about the invisible part of the patch more
17097 since the comments have put me off the track initially
17098 ($LANGUAGE has nothing to do with setlocale(3) and is
17099 completely isolated to gettext, as obvious from the
17104 /proc/stat: s/minor/disk_idx/ in description of /proc/stat
17105 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=225619
17109 Various minor fixes as per Debian bug 471029
17110 The relevant pieces of
17111 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=471029 are:
17113 - Delete duplicate subentry for KEYCTL_CHOWN/KEYCTL_SETPERM
17114 operations in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry. (It feels like that
17115 capability entry should be converted to a list, but I've
17116 left it in semicolon-delimited form for now.)
17118 - Remove text about ENFILE from the text about the
17119 /proc/sys/fs/file-max limit in the CAP_SYS_ADMIN entry, since
17120 this is already described in the man pages for the relevant
17121 ofile-creating system calls.
17123 - Correct or clarify a few other bits of grammar and such;
17124 see the diff file itself for details.
17128 SEE ALSO: add tcp(7) and udp(7)
17132 Relocate out-of-band data discussion
17133 Move to a new subsection entitled "Sockets API".
17135 Note that MSG_PEEK can be used on out-of-band data
17139 SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(3)
17143 Unix domain sockets don't support the recv() MSG_TRUNC flag
17145 Retitled subsection "(Un)supported features" to "Sockets API"
17146 This is consistent with the recent change in tcp(7).
17150 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.16 ====================
17152 Released: 2009-01-13, Christchurch
17158 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17159 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17161 Colin Watson <cjwatson@ubuntu.com>
17162 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
17163 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17165 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17168 New and rewritten pages
17169 -----------------------
17171 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17173 New page documenting pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17177 New page giving brief overview of C libraries on Linux
17181 New page documenting dynamic linker auditing API
17184 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17185 ---------------------------------------------
17191 Document LD_POINTER_GUARD
17194 New and changed links
17195 ---------------------
17199 New link to new page location in Section 3
17203 Change link to point to new page location in Section 3
17207 New link to relocated page in Section 3
17211 New link to new libc.7
17218 feature_test_macros.7
17221 SEE ALSO: add libc(7)
17226 SEE ALSO: add rtld-audit(7)
17229 Changes to individual pages
17230 ---------------------------
17235 The interfaces documented in this page are purely glibc.
17239 Kernel 2.6.28 adds accept4()
17243 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17247 Fix VERSIONS information
17251 Before version 2.2, glibc stored the host ID in /var/adm/hostid
17252 Also: rewrite some text describing the /etc/hostid file, so that
17253 this location is referred to just once on the page.
17255 RETURN VALUE: describe return value of sethostid()
17257 Added BUGS section noting that ID can't be guaranteed to be unique
17259 Added ERRORS section describing errors for sethostid()
17261 Update section number to reflect relocation into Section 3
17265 Source and destination buffers may not overlap for *s*printf()
17266 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7075
17268 Some existing code relies on techniques like the following to
17269 append text to a buffer:
17273 char buf[80] = "not ";
17276 sprintf(buf, "%sfail", buf);
17285 However, the standards say the results are undefined if source
17286 and destination buffers overlap, and with suitable compiler
17287 options, recent changes can cause unexpected results:
17289 $ cc -v 2>&1 | grep gcc
17290 gcc version 4.3.1 20080507 (prerelease) [gcc-4_3-branch revision 135036] (SUSE Linux)
17291 $ cc -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE -O2 s.c
17297 Rewrite text describing 'dirent' fields standardized in POSIX.1
17299 Clarify text for return value/errno setting for end-of-stream case
17303 Correct NOTES section on reloading configuration files
17304 It behaved this way at least since
17305 "Sun Oct 18 15:02:11 1998 +0000",
17306 some four months after including the nscd implementation
17307 in glibc. But there does seem to be a short window between
17308 glibc-2.1 and glibc-2.1.3 when nscd -i was not available,
17309 I don't think it's worth muddling the point of the page
17313 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.17 ====================
17315 Released: 2009-01-19, Hobart
17321 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17322 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17324 Adeodato Simó <dato@net.com.org.es>
17325 Bastien ROUCARIES <roucaries.bastien@gmail.com>
17326 Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
17327 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
17328 Mads Martin Joergensen <mmj@mmj.dk>
17329 Marc Lehmann <schmorp@schmorp.de>
17330 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
17331 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17332 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17333 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
17334 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
17336 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17339 New and rewritten pages
17340 -----------------------
17344 New page documenting byte order conversion functions
17345 Document functions (new in glibc 2.9) for conversion between
17346 host byte order and big-/little- endian byte order:
17347 htobe16(), htole16(), be16toh(), le16toh(),
17348 htobe32(), htole32(), be32toh(), le32toh(),
17349 htobe64(), htole64(), be64toh(), le64toh()
17353 New page documenting getifaddrs(3) and freeifaddrs(3)
17354 Many edits and changes of Petr's initial draft by mtk
17357 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17358 New page documenting CP 1251 (Windows Cyrillic) character set
17361 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17362 New page documenting ISO 8859-10 character set
17365 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17366 New page documenting ISO 8859-13 character set
17369 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17370 New page documenting ISO 8859-14 character set
17373 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17374 New page documenting ISO 8859-3 character set
17377 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17378 New page documenting ISO 8859-5 character set
17381 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17382 New page documenting ISO 8859-8 character set
17385 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17386 New page documenting KOI8-U character set
17389 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17390 ---------------------------------------------
17394 Document /proc interfaces for limiting kernel memory usage
17395 Document the following /proc files that were added in
17397 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances
17398 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches
17402 Document recently added interface flags
17403 IFF_LOWER_UP (since Linux 2.6.17)
17404 IFF_DORMANT (since Linux 2.6.17)
17405 IFF_ECHO (since Linux 2.6.25)
17407 Documentation taken from comments in <linux/if.h>
17410 New and changed links
17411 ---------------------
17415 New link to new getifaddrs.3
17430 New links to new endian.3
17436 New links to new iso_8859-10.7
17442 New links to new iso_8859-13.7
17448 New links to new iso_8859-14.7
17454 New links to new iso_8859-3.7
17459 New links to new iso_8859-5.7
17464 New links to new iso_8859-8.7
17467 Changes to individual pages
17468 ---------------------------
17472 SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3)
17476 Document EMFILE error
17477 This error is encountered when the limit imposed by
17478 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances is encountered.
17480 Clarify distinction between epoll instance and epoll file descriptor
17481 Reword so that the notion of an epoll instance is made clear,
17482 and made distinct from the notion of an epoll file descriptor.
17483 Some other minor rewordings also.
17487 Reordered parts of the text
17489 Introduce notion of epoll instance
17490 Introduce notion of epoll instance as distinct from
17491 epoll file descriptor. Plus other wording clean-ups.
17493 Document ENOSPC error (new in Linux 2.6.28)
17494 This error results when the limit imposed by
17495 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches is encountered.
17499 Introduce the notion of an epoll instance into text
17503 Before kernel < 2.6.4, 'd_type' was effectively always DT_UNKNOWN
17507 Rename file (was misnamed gethostd.2 in previous release)
17511 SEE ALSO: Add getifaddrs(3)
17515 Fix description of fork() semantics
17516 The page text described the semantics of the initial
17517 implementation of signalfd(). These were changed early on,
17518 but the man page wasn't updated.
17522 SEE ALSO: add endian(3)
17526 Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask
17528 siglongjmp() restores signal mask iff 'savesigs' was non-zero
17529 Note that siglongjmp() restores signal mask if, and only
17530 if, 'savesigs' argument of sigsetjmp() was non-zero. (Previous
17531 text omitted the "and only if".)
17535 Fix CONFORMING TO: s/C99/POSIX.1-2001/
17537 If the memory areas overlap, the results are undefined
17541 Rename file (was misnamed sethostd.3 in previous release)
17545 Clarify wording re saving/restoring signal mask
17547 Clarify when setjmp() provides BSD vs System V signal mask semantics
17551 BUGS: explicitly list problems afflicting strsep()
17552 Previously, the page said this function suffered the same
17553 problems as strtok(), but in fact strsep() doesn't suffer
17554 from all of the same problems as strtok(), so explicitly
17555 list just the problems of strsep() in the strsep.3 page.
17559 Add pointer to epoll(7) for description of epoll /proc files
17563 Various wording changes to improve clarity and consistency
17566 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.18 ====================
17568 Released: 2009-02-10, Christchurch
17574 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17575 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17577 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
17578 Bastien ROUCARIES <roucaries.bastien@gmail.com>
17579 Christian Siebert <christian.siebert@s2000.tu-chemnitz.de>
17580 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
17581 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
17582 Guillem Jover <guillem@debian.org>
17583 Lefteris Dimitroulakis <edimitro@tee.gr>
17584 Lucio Maciel <luciofm@gmail.com>
17585 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17586 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
17587 Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
17588 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
17589 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
17590 Satyam Sharma <ssatyam@cse.iitk.ac.in>
17591 Sebastian Kienzl <seb@riot.org>
17592 Timo Sirainen <tss@iki.fi>
17593 Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
17595 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17598 New and rewritten pages
17599 -----------------------
17602 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17603 New page documenting ArmSCII-8 character set
17606 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17607 New page documenting ISO 8859-11 character set
17610 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17611 New page documenting ISO 8859-4 character set
17614 Lefteris Dimitroulakis
17615 New page describing ISO 8859-6 character set
17619 New page documenting pthread_kill(3)
17621 pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3
17623 New page documenting pthread_kill_other_threads_np(3)
17627 New page documenting pthread_sigmask(3)
17630 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
17631 ---------------------------------------------
17635 Document CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW, new in 2.6.28
17638 New and changed links
17639 ---------------------
17647 Update links to reflect the fact that clock_* pages are now in
17653 New links to new iso_8859-11.7
17659 New links to new iso_8859-4.7
17664 New links to new iso_8859-6.7
17668 New link to new iso_8859-11.7
17678 clock_getcpuclockid.3
17681 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17682 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
17686 Global fix: Fix xrefs to clock_*.? pages to reflect move to section 2
17694 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17700 Global fix: s/(3)/(2)/ in section number xrefs for timer_*() API
17701 The POSIX timers API is implemented (mostly) within the kernel,
17702 so thse interfaces are system calls. Although there are as yet
17703 no man pages, when they are added they should be in Section 2,
17704 not 3. Therefore fix those pages that currently refer to these
17705 interfaces as being in Section 3.
17708 Changes to individual pages
17709 ---------------------------
17713 Add some details and relocate a paragraph
17714 While writing a little program using capset
17715 I found the capset manpage quite light on crucial
17716 details and I had to resort to RTFS.
17718 This patch improves the points I found unclear
17719 and also moves one misplaced paragraph around.
17723 Move page from Section 3 to Section 2
17727 glibc eventfd() supports the use of eventfd2() since version 2.9
17731 SEE ALSO: add daemon(3)
17735 Remove unneeded HAVE_D_TYPE from example program
17736 Since d_type will always just return DT_UNKNOWN before
17737 kernel 2.6.4, we don't need to use a conditional for
17738 determining whether we use this flag.
17742 Relocated misplaced BUGS heading
17746 Clean up error checking in example program (no semantic changes)
17748 Many parts tidied and rewritten
17749 Remove some redundant text, clarify various pieces,
17750 tidy example code, etc.
17752 Bug fixes + rewrites in example program
17753 Sebastien pointed out that the first example program
17754 wrongly thinks it can count signals.
17755 Also, some further rewrites by mtk.
17759 BUGS: Remove discussion SOCK_UUCP
17760 As time goes on, this sentence becomes less a piece of humor,
17765 Note that open(O_NOATIME) also causes st_atime not to be updated
17769 Add BUGS noting that timerfd supports fewer clock types than
17774 SEE ALSO: add wctob(3)
17776 clock_getcpuclockid.3
17778 SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17782 SEE ALSO: add sincos(3)
17786 Note that fexecve() depends on a mounted /proc
17787 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514043
17789 CONFORMING TO: note addition of fexecve() in POSIX.1-2008
17791 'fd' must be opened read-only and refer to a file that is executable
17795 CONFORMING TO: note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008
17799 Fix memory leak in example program
17801 Various small fixes
17805 SEE ALSO: add getspnam(3)
17809 Updated glibc version number in NOTES
17813 SEE ALSO: add significand(3)
17817 SEE ALSO: add libc(7)
17821 Fix statement that isalpa() is obsolete; should be isascii()
17822 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=512709
17824 SEE ALSO: add toascii(3)
17828 Add cross reference to pthread_attr_init(3)
17830 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
17832 SYNOPSIS: Fix declaration of 'attr'
17834 pthread_getcpuclockid.3
17836 SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'thread'
17840 EXAMPLE: remove unnecessary "#include <unistd.h>"
17844 SEE ALSO: add random_r(3)
17848 SEE ALSO: add div(3)
17852 CONFORMING TO: alphasort() and scandir() are added to POSIX.1-2008
17854 CONFORMING TO: note that versionsort() was added to glibc in
17859 SEE ALSO: add clock_gettime(2)
17863 Add CONFORMING TO noting that this function is unstandardized
17867 Add EXAMPLES section referring to pthread_sigmask(3)
17871 SEE ALSO: add sincos(3)
17875 Add BUGS section noting the possibility of buffer overruns
17877 Add missing pieces/fix various problems in example program
17879 CONFORMING TO: stpcpy() is nowadays on the BSDs
17881 SEE ALSO: add stpcpy.3
17885 CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008
17889 CONFORMING TO: note that this function was added in POSIX.1-2008
17893 CONFORMING TO: note that this function is added in POSIX.1-2008
17897 SEE ALSO: add btowc(3)
17901 Remove mention of epoll/max_user_instances
17902 (Since this interface appeared in 2.6.28, and then
17903 disappeared in 2.6.29.)
17907 Update SEE ALSO list to include pages added in 3.17
17909 SEE ALSO: add recently added iso_8859-*(7) pages
17913 remove documentation of /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_instances
17914 This /proc interface appeared in 2.6.28. but will be
17917 Also, document change in default value of
17918 /proc/sys/fs/epoll/max_user_watches (was 1/32 of lowmem,
17919 now 1/25 of lowmem).
17923 SEE ALSO: add koi8-u(7); remove crufty text
17927 Update to note that latest POSIX/SUS was ratified in 2008
17931 SEE ALSO: add pthread_getcpuclockid(3)
17934 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.19 ====================
17936 Released: 2009-02-20, Putaruru
17942 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
17943 been incorporated in changes in this release:
17945 Christian Siebert <christian.siebert@gmail.com>
17946 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
17947 Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
17948 Kir Kolyshkin <kir@openvz.org>
17949 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
17950 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
17951 Parag Warudkar <parag.lkml@gmail.com>
17952 Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
17953 Sami Liedes <sliedes@cc.hut.fi>
17955 Apologies if I missed anyone!
17958 New and rewritten pages
17959 -----------------------
17963 New page documenting timer_create(2)
17967 New page documenting timer_delete(2)
17971 New page documenting timer_getoverrun(2)
17975 New page documenting timer_settime(2) and timer_gettime(2)
17978 New and changed links
17979 ---------------------
17983 New link to new timer_settime.2
17991 Trivial punctuation fixes in SEE ALSO
17992 In SEE ALSO, when a few man pages are referenced, those
17993 are divided by commas. Every reference is on a separate
17994 line, and all lines but the last one should end with
17995 comma. I spotted one place where there is no comma in
17996 between references, and mocked up an awk script to find
17999 for f in man*/*; do
18001 /^.SH ["]SEE ALSO["]/ {
18002 sa=1; print "== " FILENAME " =="; print; next
18011 print "Missing comma in " FILENAME " +" FNR-1; no=0
18026 done | fgrep 'Missing comma'
18028 This patch fixes all the places found by the above script.
18030 Also, there is an extra dot at the end of uri.7 "SEE ALSO"
18031 section. Removed as per man-pages(7) recommendation.
18034 Changes to individual pages
18035 ---------------------------
18038 clock_getcpuclockid.3
18041 SEE ALSO: add timer_create(2)
18045 Rename arguments for consistency with other timer pages
18046 Also some other minor wording improvements
18050 ERRORS: Add EINVAL case for file opened O_APPEND
18051 Target file cannot be opened in append (O_APPEND) mode
18053 In kernels prior to v2.6.27 splice() to a file in
18054 append mode is broken, and since that version it is
18055 disallowed. It is possible this behaviour may change
18056 in the future; see the kernel commit message
18057 (efc968d450e013049a662d22727cf132618dcb2f) for more
18062 Note that getpmsg(2) and putmsg(2) are unimplemented
18063 See See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=514771
18071 Rename timerfd_settime() 'curr_value' arg to 'old_value'
18072 For consistency with related pages.
18076 CONFORMING TO: Add 32-bit specific
18077 Note that this call is only on *32-bit* Intel
18081 ERRORS: add ENOENT error for name == "/"
18085 ERRORS: Add EACCES error for name containing > 1 slash
18089 ERRORS: add EINVAL error where name == "/"
18092 Jens Thoms Toerring
18093 Add case of non-well-formed name to ENOENT
18097 Clarify rules for construction of shared memory object names
18101 Add description of /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq
18102 Reported by: Goerghe Cosorea <gheorghe.coserea@gmail.com>
18106 Put /proc/modules entry in correct alphabetical order
18110 Fix formatting of tables on second page to use monospaced font
18114 Clarify construction rules for message queue object names
18118 Clarify construction rules for semaphore object names
18119 See also http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.development.apps/browse_thread/thread/b4a67caa765cb65f
18123 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.20 ====================
18125 Released: 2009-03-31, Christchurch
18131 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18132 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18134 Alan Curry <pacman@kosh.dhis.org>
18135 Américo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
18136 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
18137 Carlos O'Donell <carlos@systemhalted.org>
18138 Chunming Chang <cchang@aerohive.com>
18139 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
18140 Eelco Dolstra <e.dolstra@tudelft.nl>
18141 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
18142 Jens Thoms Toerring <jt@toerring.de>
18143 Johannes Stezenbach <js@sig21.net>
18144 Leandro A. F. Pereira <leandro@tia.mat.br>
18145 Martin Gebert <martin.gebert@alpha-bit.de>
18146 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18147 Mike O'Connor <stew@vireo.org>
18148 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18149 Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
18150 Reuben Thomas <rrt@femur.dyndns.org>
18151 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
18152 Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
18153 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
18154 Simon Gomizelj <simongmzlg@gmail.com>
18155 Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
18156 Teddy Hogeborn <teddy@fukt.bsnet.se>
18157 Walter Jontofsohn <wjontofs@atriumberlin.de>
18159 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18162 New and rewritten pages
18163 -----------------------
18167 New page for cpuid access device
18171 New page documenting x86 CPU MSR access device
18174 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
18175 ---------------------------------------------
18179 Document /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
18181 Document /proc/sysrq-trigger
18193 Make source layout of 'Link with' text consistent with other pages
18194 No actual change to formatted output, but this makes the
18195 page sources more consistent for the purpose of grepping, etc.
18201 Global fix: acknowledge FSF in copyright
18202 These pages are heavily based on original material in
18203 glibc info pages, but the comments in the source of the pages
18204 did not acknowledge the FSF copyright on the original material.
18213 Fix discussion of EAGAIN/EWOULDBLOCK errors
18214 For a non-blocking socket, POSIX.1-2001/2008 allow either
18215 EAGAIN or EWOULDBLOCK to be returned in cases where a call
18216 would have blocked. Although these constants are defined
18217 with the same value on most Linux architectures (PA-RISC
18218 is the exception), POSIX.1 does not require them to have
18219 the same value. Therefore, a portable application using
18220 the sockets API should test for both errors when checking
18223 (NB POSIX.1 only mentions EWOULDBLOCK in the context of
18224 the sockets interfaces.)
18226 Change made after a note cross-posted on linux-arch@vger,
18227 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.debian.ports.hppa/5615
18228 and a suggestion for write(2) from Carlos O'Donell
18237 Note that returned pointer should not be given to free()
18258 Add explicit character set encoding to first line of source
18259 Nowadays mandb has provision to understand a character set
18260 encoding that is explicitly indicated in the first line
18261 of the source. As pointed out by Colin Watson, including
18262 such an explicit indication on pages encoded in anything
18263 other than ISO 8859-1 or UTF-8 is useful for man-pages
18264 that aren't shipped in UTF-8.
18266 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519209
18267 and for some other background (responded to by Colin Watson
18268 in the above report):
18269 http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.internationalization.linux/6040
18270 ("man page encoding", 5 Jul 2005)
18273 Changes to individual pages
18274 ---------------------------
18278 VERSIONS: glibc support is provided since version 2.10
18282 Remove mention of EWOULDBLOCK from discussion of mandatory locking
18283 In the kernel, the error on encountering a mandatory lock is
18284 EAGAIN. Although EAGAIN and EWOULDBLOCK are the same on
18285 most Linux architectures, on some they are not, so don't
18286 mention EWOULDBLOCK as it is misleading. (Mea culpa.)
18290 Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of getcontext()
18294 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends POSIX timers API instead of this API
18298 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends clock_gettime() instead of this API
18302 Note use of 'data' for PTRACE_SYS{CALL,EMU} and PTRACE_*_SINGLESTEP
18303 These operations use the 'data' argument as a signal number,
18308 only reference <sys/user.h>
18309 The kernel no longer installs linux/user.h, so update
18310 references to sys/user.h.
18314 Add 'iovec' defn to defn of 'msghdr' structure
18315 The 'msghdr' structure includes a field of type 'iovec',
18316 so show the definition of that structure in this page.
18320 Make ENOENT description consistent with POSIX.1-2008
18324 ERRORS: add EINVAL for invalid 'flags' for timer_settime()
18328 SYNOPSIS: Fix description of feature test macro requirements
18329 After a report by Arvid Norlander.
18333 Note that POSIX.1-2008 removes specification of bcopy()
18337 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction(2) instead of this API
18341 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strftime(3) instead of these functions
18345 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of these functions
18349 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sprintf(3) instead of this function
18353 Note that getcwd() should be used instead of the obsolete getwd()
18357 Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by
18362 POSIX.1-2008 recommends getaddrinfo(3) and getnameinfo(3) instead
18366 Fix function name in text: s/getnetbynumber_r/getnetbyaddr_r/
18367 The SYNOPSIS showed the right function name (getnetbyaddr_r),
18368 but the text repeatedly used the wrong name (getnetbynumber_r).
18369 Probably, this was a cut-and-paste error.
18373 Returned buffer may be statically allocated and overwritten by
18378 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends strchr(3) and strrchr(3) instead
18382 Explain why POSIX.1-2008 marks isascii(3) obsolete
18385 Nikanth Karthikesan
18386 Update pointer to documentation in kernel source
18390 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends the use of POSIX threads instead
18394 Document the POSIX.1-2008 optional EINVAL error
18395 POSIX.1-2008 allows an optional EINVAL error if
18396 notification==NULL and the caller is not currently
18397 registered to receive notifications.
18401 Clarify that EINVAL also occurs of 'len' *equals* zero
18402 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919
18406 Document POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 specifications for EINVAL error
18407 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12919
18411 Document handling of size==0 case for posix_memalign()
18415 Fix error in DESCRIPTION: s/pthread_create/pthread_exit/
18419 Rework resolved_path==NULL discussion w.r.t. POSIX.1-200[18]
18420 Although the page already mentioned the resolved_path==NULL
18421 feature, and that this feature was added in POSIX.1-2008, there
18422 was still some crufty text in BUGS that hadn't been updated to
18423 reflect the POSIX.1-2008 changes.
18425 Also, some other minor wording and grammar fixes.
18429 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends scalbln*(3) instead
18433 SYNOPSIS: Fix type of 'offset' argument: s/off_t/long/
18434 And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t'
18435 was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier.
18436 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230
18440 Document EOVERFLOW error
18444 Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte
18445 Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object
18446 name as a count that excludes the null terminator.
18450 Note that POSIX.1-2008 recommends sigaction() instead
18454 Note APIs that POSIX.1-2008 recommends instead of these obsolete APIs
18458 Small fix to description of %G
18459 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=516677
18463 Add details on ISO 8601 week-based dates
18464 ISO 8602 week-based dates are relevant for %G, %g, and %V,
18465 and the existing details on these dates are a little thin.
18469 Remove mention of year from ISO 8601 standard
18470 The text mentioned the 1988 8601 standard, but there have
18471 already been two revisions of the standard since then, so
18472 simply remove mention of the year.
18476 SYNOPSIS: Fix return type: s/off_t/long/
18477 And add a NOTES section pointing out that 'off_t'
18478 was indeed used in glibc 2.1.1 and earlier.
18479 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=519230
18483 Note that on some systems, <=, >=, == don't work for timercmp()
18487 SYNOPSIS: Fix return types of timerisset() and timercmp()
18491 Note why POSIX.1-2008 marks this function obsolete
18495 Fix 'argp' type for KDGETLED description
18496 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517485
18500 Various minor rewordings and improvements
18504 Document 'ip6-bytestring' option
18508 Document 'edns0' option
18512 Document 'ip6-dotint' / 'no-ip6-dotint' option
18516 Note that maximum value of 'ndots' option is capped to 15
18520 Note that maximum value of 'timeout' option is capped to 30
18524 Add description of /srv
18525 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=520904
18529 Fix type used to declare sin6_port
18530 The page should use the type specified by POSIX,
18531 rather than the (equivalent) type used in the kernel
18535 Fix types used to declare sin6_family and sin6_port
18536 The page should use the types specified by POSIX,
18537 rather than the (equivalent) types used in the kernel.
18539 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=517074
18543 Recast discussion on name length to exclude terminating NULL byte
18544 Probably it's clearer to describe the length of the IPC object
18545 name as a count that excludes the null terminator.
18549 Note that multiple libraries in LD_AUDIT doesn't work
18550 This is reportedly fixed in glibc 2.10.
18551 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9733
18555 Fix discussion of length of semaphore names
18556 Because of the "sem." prefix added by glibc to a semaphore
18557 name, the limit on the length of the name (excluding the
18558 terminating null byte) is 251 characters.
18561 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.21 ====================
18563 Released: 2009-04-15, Los Gatos
18569 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18570 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18572 Frank Dana <ferdnyc@gmail.com>
18573 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18574 Roman Byshko <rbyshko@gmail.com>
18576 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18579 New and rewritten pages
18580 -----------------------
18582 pthread_setconcurrency.3
18584 New page documenting pthread_setconcurrency(3) and
18585 pthread_getconcurrency(3)
18589 New page documenting pthread_yield(3)
18592 New and changed links
18593 ---------------------
18595 pthread_getconcurrency.3
18597 New link to new pthread_setconcurrency(3)
18599 Changes to individual pages
18600 ---------------------------
18604 Various minor wording improvements
18608 Add missing word in description
18610 feature_test_macros.7
18612 Update for glibc 2.10 changes to <features.h>
18613 From glibc 2.10, <features.h> understands the values 200809
18614 for _POSIX_C_SOURCE and 700 for _XOPEN_SOURCE, and makes
18615 corresponding changes to defaults for other feature test macros.
18617 Add an example program
18618 This example program makes it possible to explore what
18619 feature test macros are set depending on the glibc version
18620 and the macros that are explicitly set.
18624 /etc/ld.so.conf also include libraries found in /lib and /usr/lib
18627 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.22 ====================
18629 Released: 2009-07-25, Munich
18635 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18636 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18638 Adrian Dewhurst <sailor@sailorfrag.net>
18639 Alexander Lamaison <awl03@doc.ic.ac.uk>
18640 Bryan Østergaard <kloeri@exherbo.org>
18641 Christopher Head <chead@telus.net>
18642 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@gentoo.org>
18643 Florentin Duneau <fduneau@gmail.com>
18644 Gokdeniz Karadag <gokdenizk@gmail.com>
18645 Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
18646 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
18647 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
18648 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
18649 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18650 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18651 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
18652 Reimar Döffinger <Reimar.Doeffinger@gmx.de>
18653 Ricardo Garcia <rg3.zeluan@gmail.com>
18654 Rui Rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18655 Shachar Shemesh <shachar@debian.org>
18656 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
18657 ku roi <kuroibox@yahoo.de>
18658 sobtwmxt <sobtwmxt@sdf.lonestar.org>
18660 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18663 Changes to individual pages
18664 ---------------------------
18668 Rewrite crufty text about number of args in older version of clone()
18669 Some bit rot had crept in regarding the discussion of the
18670 number of arguments in older versions of this syscall.
18671 Simplify the text to just say that Linux 2.4 and earlier
18672 didn't have ptid, tls, and ctid arguments.
18674 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=533868
18676 Fix version number for CLONE_NEWIPC
18677 It's 2.6.19, not 2.4.19.
18679 Fix errors in argument names in text (ptid, ctd)
18683 Remove erroneous statement that pending signal set is cleared
18688 The kernel source file mandatory.txt is now mandatory-locking.txt
18690 The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems
18694 Remove unneeded reference to Documentation/mandatory.txt
18695 Mandatory locks are only implemented by fcntl() locking
18697 The Documentation/* files are now in Documentation/filesystems
18701 Document fork() behaviour for the Linux native AIO io_context
18702 It was noted on lkml that the fork behaviour is documented
18703 for the POSIX AIO calls, but not for the Linux native calls.
18704 Here is a patch which adds a small blurb that folks will
18705 hopefully find useful.
18707 Upon fork(), the child process does not inherit the
18708 io_context_t data structures returned by io_setup,
18709 and thus cannot submit further asynchronous I/O or
18710 reap event completions for said contexts.
18714 The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs
18718 Document MS_STRICTATIME, update description of MS_RELATIME
18719 Starting with Linux 2.6.30, the MS_RELATIME behavior became
18720 the default, and MS_STRICTATIME is required to obtain the
18721 traditional semantics.
18725 Remove EBADF error from ERRORS
18726 As reported by Motohiro:
18728 "man poll" describe this error code.
18731 > EBADF An invalid file descriptor was given in one of the sets.
18733 but current kernel implementation ignore invalid file descriptor,
18737 In the other hand, SUSv3 talk about
18740 > The specified fd value is invalid. This flag is only valid in the
18741 > revents member; it shall ignored in the events member.
18745 > If the value of fd is less than 0, events shall be ignored, and
18746 > ireevents shall be set to 0 in that entry on return from poll().
18748 but, no desribe EBADF.
18749 (see http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/poll.html)
18751 So, I think the implementation is correct.
18753 Why don't we remove EBADF description?
18757 Expand description of si_utime and si_stime fields of siginfo_t
18761 Improve wording of ENOTDIR error
18765 Add preadv() and pwritev(), new in kernel 2.6.30
18769 Document CLD_DUMPED and CLD_TRAPPED si_code values
18773 Clarify discussion of 'noclose' and 'nochdir' arguments
18777 SEE ALSO: add memchr(3)
18781 Relocate BUGS section to correct position
18783 NOTES: there is no file descriptor associated with the returned stream
18784 Alexander Lamaison pointed out that this is not obvious
18785 from the documentation, citing an example with passing the
18786 FILE * handle to a function that tries to fstat() its
18787 fileno() in order to determine the buffer size.
18789 CONFORMING TO: remove note that these functions are GNU extensions
18790 That sentence is now redundant, since these functions
18791 are added in POSIX.1-2008.
18795 Clarify relationship between fcntl() and lockf() locking
18799 SEE ALSO: add ffs(3)
18803 The d_type field is fully supported on Btrfs
18807 Fix typo and clarify RETURN description
18808 The word "signal" was duplicated in NOTES, and the RETURN
18809 section refers to setjmp() and sigsetjmp(), and mentions
18810 longjmp(), but not siglongjmp().
18814 SEE ALSO: add strverscmp(3)
18818 SEE ALSO: Add strdup(3)
18822 Add missing header file for example program
18824 Fix type used in example code
18825 man complex (from release 3.18) contains the following code:
18826 complex z = cexp(I * pi);
18827 Reading the C99 standard, "complex" is not a valid type,
18828 and several compilers (Intel ICC, ARM RVCT) will refuse to compile.
18830 double complex z = cexp(I * pi); instead.
18834 Note that last element in environ array is NULL
18835 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=528628
18841 Note that mkdir and mount commands here need superuser privilege
18843 Fix example showing contents of /dev/mqueue file
18847 Remove references to dated books
18848 Gallmeister and Lewine are rather old books. Probably,
18849 there are better books to consult nowadays, and anyway,
18850 this man page isn't intended to be a bibliography.
18853 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.23 ====================
18855 Released: 2009-09-30, Munich
18861 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
18862 been incorporated in changes in this release:
18864 Aaron Gardner <aaron.j.gardner@gmail.com>
18865 Andrey Vihrov <vihrov@gmail.com>
18866 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
18867 Georg Sauthoff <gsauthof@techfak.uni-bielefeld.de>
18868 Leslie P. Polzer <sky@viridian-project.de>
18869 Marc Lehmann <debian-reportbug@plan9.de>
18870 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
18871 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
18872 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
18873 Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net>
18874 Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
18875 Siward de Groot <siward@ziggo.nl>
18876 rui rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18878 Apologies if I missed anyone!
18881 Changes to individual pages
18882 ---------------------------
18891 Replace use of assert() by code that checks argc
18892 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=13569
18894 As noted by Andrey:
18895 The purpose of the assert macro, defined in <assert.h>,
18896 is to provide a tool to check for programming mistakes
18897 or program logic errors. However, the assert macro must
18898 never be used to perform checks for run time errors,
18899 since, with the NDEBUG macro defined, expressions within
18900 the assert macro invocations are not evaluated/checked
18901 for, resulting in behavior that was not originally intended.
18903 The pages affected in the core package are
18914 ru_inblock and ru_oublock are now implemented
18915 These fields of the rusage structure are filled in since
18920 Add brief documentation of MAP_HUGETLB
18921 This flag is new in 2.6.32, and serves a similar
18922 purpose to the shmget() SHM_HUGETLB flag.
18926 add some comments on O_SYNC and friends
18930 Clarify wording describing of 'nfds' argument.
18931 reported by: rui rlex <rui.rlex@gmail.com>
18935 Remove some redundant words
18939 Add an explanation of orphaned process groups
18946 Since glibc 2.7, the return type for these functions
18947 is ssize_t (formerly it was long).
18951 Fix small bug in example program
18952 Since it is a failure, EXIT_FAILURE looks more appropriate
18957 glibc only exposes MNT_DETACH and MNT_EXPIRE since version 2.11
18958 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10092
18962 Add a pointer to explanation of orphaned process groups in setpgid(2)
18966 fflush() discards buffered input
18970 Clarify that ffsl() and ffsll() are GNU extensions
18974 Note nonstandard assumed hints.ai_flags value when hints is NULL
18975 When hints is NULL, glibc assumes hints.ai_flags is
18976 AI_V4MAPPED|AI_ADDRCONFIG whereas POSIX says 0.
18977 According to Ulrich Drepper, glibc's behavior is better.
18981 setmntent() argument is 'filename' not 'fp'
18982 The description of setmntent() formerly used the wrong
18987 Fix reference to POSIX.1-2008
18988 The sentence mentions twice POSIX.1-2001.
18989 I guess the second one should be POSIX.1-2008.
18990 This should be checked in the standard.
18994 Improve ERRORS section
18995 Add ENOMEM error; improve EINVAL description. Also, make
18996 RETURN VALUE section a little more accurate in its mention
19001 Fix error in description: s/Monday/Thursday/
19005 Fix page cross reference
19006 max_user_watches is better explained in epoll(7) than inotify(7).
19010 dmesg is in section 1, not section 8
19014 FS UID manipulations affect CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE and CAP_MKNOD
19015 Nowadays, file system UID manipulations also affect
19016 CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE (since 2.6.3) and CAP_MKNOD (since 2.6.29).
19020 Fix version number for CAP_MKNOD in FS UID manipulations
19021 A recent patch said "since 2.6.29". It should have
19022 been "since 2.6.30".
19026 Reword a bad sentence in description of capability bounding set.
19030 Change documented ranges for msg_max and msgsize_max
19031 Linux 2.6.28 changed the permissible ranges for
19037 Replace references to syctl interfaces with /proc
19040 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.24 ====================
19042 Released: 2010-02-25, Munich
19048 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19049 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19051 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
19052 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
19053 Ansgar Burchardt <ansgar@2008.43-1.org>
19054 Bela Lubkin <filbo@armory.com>
19055 Bill O. Gallmeister <bog.kernel@gmail.com>
19056 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
19057 Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
19058 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
19059 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
19060 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19061 Doug Manley <doug.manley@gmail.com>
19062 Edward Welbourne <eddy@opera.com>
19063 Fang Wenqi <anton.fang@gmail.com>
19064 Frédéric Brière <fbriere@fbriere.net>
19065 Garrett Cooper <yaneurabeya@yahoo.com>
19066 Ihar Hrachyshka <ihar.hrachyshka@gmail.com>
19067 Jann Poppinga <jann.poppinga@gmx.de>
19068 Jason Goldfine-Middleton <jasonwoodfine@gmail.com>
19069 Jason Noakes <jjnoakes@gmail.com>
19070 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
19071 Kevin <tsubasa.xw@gmail.com>
19072 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
19073 Markus Peuhkuri <puhuri@iki.fi>
19074 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19075 Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com>
19076 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
19077 Sam Liao <phyomh@gmail.com>
19078 Samy Al Bahra <sbahra@repnop.org>
19079 Stuart Kemp <skemp@alertlogic.com>
19080 sunjiangangok <sunjiangangok@gmail.com>
19081 Tobias Stoeckmann <tobias@bugol.de>
19082 Vlastimil Babka <caster@gentoo.org>
19083 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19085 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19088 New and rewritten pages
19089 -----------------------
19093 New page documenting add_key(2)
19094 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19098 New page documenting keyctl(2)
19099 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19103 New page documenting request_key(2)
19104 Taken from keyutils-1.1 package.
19112 Global fix: s/non-root/unprivileged/
19116 Global fix: s/non-privileged/unprivileged/
19120 Global fix: /non-superuser/unprivileged user/
19125 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19126 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19131 Global fix: s/re-/re/
19132 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19133 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19138 Global fix: s/multi-/multi/
19139 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19140 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19145 Global fix: s/pre-/pre/
19146 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19147 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19152 Global fix: s/sub-/sub/
19153 The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
19154 Chicago MoS, is toward removing hyphens after prefixes
19177 Global fix: Consistently define the Epoch
19178 All definitions of the Epoch have been refactored to the following:
19180 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)
19182 That form is more consistent, logical, precise, and internationally
19183 recognizable than the other variants.
19185 Also, some wording has been altered as well.
19191 Global fix: s/non-existing/nonexistent/
19209 Update feature test macro requirements
19210 Starting in glibc 2.10, defining _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700,
19211 or _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809 exposes the declarations of
19215 Changes to individual pages
19216 ---------------------------
19220 Update text on nonsetabble CLOCK_*_CPUTIME_ID clocks
19221 SUSv3 permits, but does not require CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID and
19222 CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID to be settable.
19223 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=11972.
19227 Fix description of treatment of caught signals
19228 Caught signals reset to their default on an execve() (not
19233 s/F_OWNER_GID/F_OWNER_PGRP/
19234 Peter Zijlstra took the name change I suggested.
19236 Document F_[SG]ETOWN_EX; update details on F_SETOWN
19237 Linux 2.6.32 adds F_SETOWN_EX and F_GETOWN_EX.
19238 Linux 2.6.12 changed (broke) the former behavior of
19239 F_SETOWN with respect to threads.
19244 Make subsection heading consistent with other intro.? pages
19245 These pages used "Copyright Terms"; the other intro.? pages
19246 used "Copyright Conditions". Make these pages like the others.
19250 Clarify behavior when 'offset' is NULL
19254 Note unstandardized behavior for effective ID
19255 POSIX.1 doesn't require that the effective ID can be changed
19256 to the same value it currently has (a no-op). The man page
19257 should note this, since some other implementations
19262 Fix EPERM error description
19263 s/effective group ID/real group ID/
19264 This bug lived in man pages for 15 years before Jason
19265 spotted it! I checked back in Linux 1.0, and the behavior
19266 was as the fixed man page describes.
19270 Add more detail on POSIX.1 specification for these syscalls
19274 Remove crufty statement that seteuid() is not in POSIX
19275 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=569812
19282 GMT -> UTC (where appropriate)
19286 Add some big warnings re data integrity
19287 This system call is by design completely unsuitable for any data
19288 integrity operations. Make that very clear in the manpage.
19292 SYNOPSIS: Fix return types for CPU_COUNT_*()
19293 These functions return 'int' not void'.
19297 Fix feature test macro requirements
19301 Fix description of 'nochdir' argument.
19302 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819
19306 Document feature test macro requirements for herror() and hstrerror()
19307 Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE,
19308 or _GNU_SOURCE is required.
19312 Update to reflect that these functions were standardized in POSIX.1-2008
19316 Document feature test macros requirements for NI_MAXHOST and NI_MAXSERV
19317 Since glibc 2.8, one of _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE, or _GNU_SOURCE
19318 must be defined to obtain these definitions.
19322 Fix feature test macro requirements
19326 Add feature text macro requirements for memrchr()
19330 Fix notable error in DESCRIPTION.
19331 "less than y" should be "less than x".
19335 Fix feature test macro requirements
19337 pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3
19338 pthread_attr_setschedparam.3
19339 pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3
19341 Argument name is 'attr' not 'thread'
19342 The function argument was misnamed in the DESCRIPTION on these
19347 Various fixes in example code
19348 Edward reported a problem in the example code, where a variable
19349 seems to be misnamed. Upon inspection, there seem to be a few
19350 such instances, and this patch is my best guess at how things
19355 Place correct header file in SYNOPSIS
19358 Bill O. Gallmeister
19359 sleep() puts calling *thread* to sleep (not calling *process*)
19362 Bill O. Gallmeister
19363 Add nanosleep(2) to SEE ALSO
19367 %z is defined in SUSv3
19368 So, substitute "GNU" tag in man page by "SU".
19372 Move 822-compliant date format example to EXAMPLES section
19373 The RFC 822-compliant date format given in the description
19374 of `%z' is now moved to the `EXAMPLES' section (note: `EXAMPLE'
19375 has been renamed `EXAMPLES').
19377 Furthermore, that format example is now actually
19378 RFC 822-compliant (using `%y' instead of `%Y') and has been
19379 qualified as being correct only when in the context of at least
19380 an English locale. Also, `%T' is used in place of `%H:%M:%S'.
19382 For completeness, an RFC 2822-compliant format example has been
19387 Expand introductory text
19391 Clarification of %z specifier
19395 Add stpcpy() to this list of string functions
19399 Initialize tm structure in example program
19403 Remove pages now documented
19404 By now, the following are documented:
19414 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=554819
19419 The page inconsistently used "passwd" and "password"
19420 to refer to the same field.
19424 Update securebits discussion to use SECBIT_* flags
19426 feature_test_macros.7
19428 _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE
19429 Since glibc 2.10, _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200808 defines _ATFILE_SOURCE
19433 Add readlink(2) to SEE ALSO
19436 The poorly constructed part preceding "\-" causes apropos
19437 not to be able to find the subject.
19439 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=558300
19443 Fix discussion of SIGUNUSED
19444 Clarify that this signal really is synonymous with SIGSYS.
19445 See http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14449
19448 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.25 ====================
19450 Released: 2010-06-20, Munich
19456 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19457 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19459 Alexander E. Patrakov <patrakov@gmail.com>
19460 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
19461 Andrew Klossner <andrew@cesa.opbu.xerox.com>
19462 André Goddard Rosa <andre.goddard@gmail.com>
19463 Bo Borgerson <gigabo@gmail.com>
19464 Christian Franke <nobody@nowhere.ws>
19465 Daisuke HATAYAMA <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
19466 David Sommerseth <davids@redhat.com>
19467 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19468 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
19469 Fang Wenqi <anton.fang@gmail.com>
19470 Francesco Cosoleto <cosoleto@gmail.com>
19471 Gernot Tenchio <gernot@tenchio.de>
19472 Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
19473 Ivana Hutarova Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
19474 Jan Blunck <jblunck@novell.com>
19475 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
19476 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
19477 Jeff Barry <JeffBatHome@myletters.us>
19478 Manfred Schwarb <manfred99@gmx.ch>
19479 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
19480 Martin (Joey) Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
19481 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19482 Mihai Paraschivescu <paraschivescu_mihail@yahoo.com>
19483 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
19484 Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
19485 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
19486 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
19487 Petr Uzel <petr.uzel@suse.cz>
19488 Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@madism.org>
19489 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
19490 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
19491 Robert Wohlrab <robert.wohlrab@gmx.de>
19492 Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
19493 Tolga Dalman <tdalman@project-psi.org>
19494 Tom Swigg <swiggtc@lsbu.ac.uk>
19495 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
19496 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19498 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19501 New and rewritten pages
19502 -----------------------
19506 New page documenting migrate_pages(2).
19507 Andi's text based on the move_pages.2 page;
19508 additional edits by mtk.
19509 migrate_pages(2) was new in Linux 2.6.16.
19514 Update the page to consolidate information from the
19515 outdated man-pages quotactl.2 page and the quotactl.2
19516 page in the "quota-tools" pachage. The page in "quota-tools"
19517 has now been dropped by Jan Kara, so that there is just one
19518 canonical quotactl.2 page (in pan-pages).
19520 Various other pieces added to the page by mtk.
19523 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
19524 ---------------------------------------------
19528 Document F_SETPIPE_SZ and F_GETPIPE_SZ
19529 These commands, new in kernel 2.6.35, set and get the capacity
19534 Document MADV_HWPOISON
19536 Added documentation of MADV_MERGEABLE and MADV_UNMERGEABLE
19537 These flags (used for Kernel Samepage Merging, KSM)
19540 Document MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE
19541 This operation was added in Linux 2.6.33.
19545 Document MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag
19546 New in Linux 2.6.33.
19550 Document the hwpoison prctls in 2.6.32
19552 sched_setscheduler.2
19554 Document SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK
19555 New in Linux 2.6.32
19559 Document UMOUNT_NOFOLLOW
19560 New in Linux 2.6.34.
19564 Document mkstemps() and mkostemps()
19565 These functions are new in glibc 2.11. They allow the template
19566 string to include a suffix after the "XXXXXX" string.
19570 Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_early_kill
19571 New in 2.6.32. Description based on the text in
19572 Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt.
19574 Document /proc/sys/vm/memory_failure_recovery
19575 New in Linux 2.6.32. Description based on the text in
19576 Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt.
19578 Document /proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size
19582 Document SO_DOMAIN and SO_PROTOCOL
19583 These read-only socket options were new in Linux 2.6.32.
19586 New and changed links
19587 ---------------------
19591 Adjust link to point to Section 3
19596 New link to page relocated to Section 3
19601 New links to mkstemp.3
19602 mkstemp.3 now describes mkstemps(3) and mkostemps(3).
19610 Add 'L' to constants in feature test macro specifications
19611 Be consistent with POSIX, which uses constants such as 200809L.
19621 Global fix: s/filesystem/file system/
19624 Changes to individual pages
19625 ---------------------------
19629 Note that glibc 2.11 papers over the kernel F_GETOWN bug
19630 Since version 2.11, glibc works around the kernel limitation for
19631 process groups IDs < 4096 by implementing F_GETOWN via F_GETOWN_EX.
19635 Various fixes in SEE ALSO
19640 Move renice from section 8 to section 1
19645 See kernel commit 1f10206.
19647 Description of maintained fields
19648 These descriptions are taken from NetBSD 5.0's getrusage(2).
19650 Enhanced description of various fields
19654 /proc/PID/status VmLck shows how much memory a process has locked
19655 After a note from Tom Swigg, it seems sensible mention VmLck here.
19663 Clarify includes/libraries
19667 Clarify existence of fifth argument.
19673 Move ipcs from section 8 to section 1
19677 Remove ambiguity in text on NFS and O_EXCL.
19681 Fix discussion of ppoll() timeout argument
19682 1. Rename ppoll)(_ argument to "timeout_ts" to distinguish it
19683 from the poll() argument in the text.
19684 2. More accurately describe the poll() call that is equivalent
19689 Add sync_file_range(2) under SEE ALSO
19693 Correct PR_SET_KEEPCAPS description
19694 The "keep capabilities" flag only affects the treatment of
19695 permitted capabilities, not effective capabilities.
19696 Also: other improvements to make the PR_SET_KEEPCAPS text clearer.
19700 Fix bug in example program
19704 Add TRAP_BRANCH and TRAP_HWBKPT to si_code values for SIGTRAP
19706 Rearrange text describing fields set by sigqueue(2)
19708 Add details for signals sent by POSIX message queue notifications
19710 Improve description of various siginfo_t fields
19712 Add some details for SIGTRAP and si_trapno
19714 Document hwpoison signal extensions
19718 Bring statfs struct type declarations closer to glibc reality
19720 Add definition EXT4_SUPER_MAGIC = 0xEF53
19722 Document f_frsize field.
19726 Move this page to section 3 (since it's a library call)
19729 Ivana Hutarova Varekova
19730 Note effect of CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE on MAX_SWAPFILES
19731 From 2.6.32, MAX_SWAPFILES is decreased by 1 if the kernel is
19732 built with CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE.
19736 Bring system call list up to date with Linux 2.6.33
19738 Fix kernel version number for utimes()
19742 Note fix for C99 conformance in glibc 2.12.
19746 Correct note on key portion significance
19747 As Marcel Moreaux notes:
19749 The Linux manpage for crypt()[1] contains the following
19750 statement as the last sentence of the NOTES section:
19752 In the SHA implementation the entire key is significant
19753 (instead of only the first 8 bytes in MD5).
19755 It should probably say "DES" where it says "MD5" (and maybe
19756 "MD5/SHA" where it says "SHA"), because in MD5 password hashing,
19757 the entire key is significant, not just the first 8 bytes.
19759 This patch fixes the wording.
19763 Bug fix in example program
19767 Note that if 'fn' changes CWD, the results are undefined
19769 Clarify description of fpath argument
19770 As reported by Pierre Habouzit, 'fpath' is not relative
19771 to 'dirpath'. It is either relative to the calling process's
19772 current working directory (if 'dirpath' was relative), or it
19773 is absolute (if 'dirpath' was absolute).
19777 Fix a field name mixup: s/ai_family/ai_flags/
19781 Remove unneeded check before free()
19782 The manpage of getline shows an example with an extra NULL pointer
19783 check before it calls free. This is unneeded according to free(3):
19785 If ptr is NULL, no operation is performed.
19787 This patch removes the "if" check.
19789 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=572508
19795 Add cross-references to other-base logarithmic functions
19799 Specify feature test macro requirements for fdopendir(3)
19800 Currently, there is no note on the fact that fdopendir() is
19805 Use const as appropriate
19807 Note glibc version that added "const" to function arguments
19809 Explicitly note that these functions are not in POSIX
19813 Fix declaration of dn_comp() in SYNOPSIS
19814 Remove the second 'exp_dn' from the calling signature.
19818 Change NOFLSH text to speak of characters, not signals
19822 Update description of coredump_filter
19823 Kernel 2.6.24 added MMF_DUMP_ELF_HEADERS.
19824 Kernel 2.6.28 added MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_PRIVATE and
19825 MMF_DUMP_HUGETLB_SHARED.
19829 Document PN_XNUM extension
19830 In linux-2.6.34-rc1, an ELF core extension was added; user-land
19831 tools manipulating ELF core dump such as gdb and binutils has
19832 already been modified before; so elf.5 needs to be modified
19835 You can follow information on the ELF extension via the LKML post:
19836 http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/1/3/103
19837 Date Mon, 04 Jan 2010 10:06:07 +0900 (JST)
19838 Subject ... elf coredump: Add extended numbering support
19840 This Linux-specific extension was added in kernel 2.6.34.
19842 Reviewed-by: Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
19846 As reported by Yuri Kozlov and confirmed by Mike Frysinger,
19847 EI_BRAND is not in GABI
19848 (http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/latest/ch4.eheader.html)
19849 It looks to be a BSDism
19851 Remove words under '.note': "described below"
19852 The existing text is broken, because there is
19853 no '"Note Section" format' describe below. Simplest
19854 solution is to remove the words "described below".
19858 Add discussion of ntfs and ext4
19862 Simplify description of /proc/sys and /proc/sys/fs
19863 In the description of these directories, there's no need
19864 to list all the files and subdirectories that they contain;
19865 that information is provided by the entries that follow.
19869 Remove crufty reference to nonexistent BUGS section
19873 Document CAP_SYS_RESOURCE and F_SETPIPE_SZ
19874 With CAP_SYS_RESOURCE, a process can increase pipe capacity above
19875 /proc/sys/ps/pipe-max-size.
19877 Add get_robust_list() info under CAP_SYS_PTRACE
19879 Add MADV_HWPOISON under CAP_SYS_ADMIN
19883 Make a clearer statement about nonportable aspect of signal(2)
19884 Make a clearer statement that signal(2) is less portable for
19885 establishing a signal handler.
19889 Use consistent language to describe read-only socket options
19893 Add FIONREAD warning.
19894 Warn that FIONREAD can't can't distinguish case of a zero-length
19895 datagram from the case where no datagrams are available.
19898 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.26 ====================
19900 Released: 2010-09-04, Munich
19906 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
19907 been incorporated in changes in this release:
19909 Alexander Shishkin <virtuoso@slind.org>
19910 Brian Sutin <Brian.Sutin@hs.utc.com>
19911 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
19912 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
19913 Jianhua Li <jhlicc@gmail.com>
19914 Linus Nilsson <lajnold@gmail.com>
19915 Lenaic Huard <lenaic.huard@laposte.net>
19917 Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
19918 Maxin John <maxin.john@gmail.com>
19919 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
19920 Nicholas Hunt <nhunt@cs.washington.edu>
19921 Peng Haitao <penght@cn.fujitsu.com>
19922 Peter Stuge <peter@stuge.se>
19923 Przemyslaw Szczepaniak <Przemyslaw.Szczepaniak@imgtec.com>
19924 Scott Walls <sawalls@umich.edu>
19925 TAN Yee Fan <tanyeefa@comp.nus.edu.sg>
19926 Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
19927 Yitzchak Gale <gale@sefer.org>
19928 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
19930 Apologies if I missed anyone!
19932 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
19933 ---------------------------------------------
19937 Document EFD_SEMAPHORE
19938 Document the EFD_SEMAPHORE flag, added in kernel 2.6.30.
19939 Also restructured some parts of the text to fit with the
19940 addition of the EFD_SEMAPHORE text.
19950 s/logical OR/bitwise OR/
19953 Changes to individual pages
19954 ---------------------------
19958 Fix discussion of return value when interrupted by a signal
19962 Small fix to types in data structures
19966 Clarified close-on-exec behavior
19970 Improve discussion of MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE
19974 Add EMLINK error to ERRORS
19983 Fix return type in SYNOPSIS (s/mqd_t/int/)
19988 Remove obsolete reference to glibc version in NOTES
19993 Adjust type shown for msg_controllen to glibc reality
19994 This patch fixes the type of msg_controllen in the struct msghdr
19995 definition given in send.2 and recv.2 to match the definition in
19996 glibc and the kernel.
20000 Update NOTES on old glibc pselect()
20001 Make it clear that modern glibc uses the kernel pselect()
20002 on systems where it is available.
20003 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14411
20007 Fix copy & paste error for __SWORD_TYPE definition
20011 Clarify that this syscall is obsolete.
20012 And strengthen recommendation to use /proc/filesystems instead.
20016 Add EDESTADDRREQ error
20020 Fix error in NOTES, s/a64l/l64a/
20024 Change "perror" to "strerror" in DESCRIPTION of error()
20028 Fix EAGAIN description (s/empty/full)
20032 Fix IP address in explanation of NFS example
20036 Add information on version 2 format timezone files
20037 Updated using information from the tzcode 2010l release at
20038 ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub.
20039 (It's an open question whether or not a version of tzfile.5
20040 should live independently in man-pages. It was added to the
20041 man-pages set many years ago. For now, I'll follow a
20042 conservative course that causes least pain to downstream,
20043 by continuing to maintain a separate copy in man-pages.)
20045 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=594219
20048 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.27 ====================
20050 Released: 2010-09-22, Nuernberg
20056 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20057 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20059 caishuxian@gmail.com
20060 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20061 Denis Silakov <silakov@ispras.ru>
20062 der Mouse <mouse@rodents-montreal.org>
20063 Jan Kratochvil <jan.kratochvil@redhat.com>
20064 Jim Belton <jim.belton@gmail.com>
20065 Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com>
20066 KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
20067 Mark Hills <mark@pogo.org.uk>
20068 Matthew Flaschen <matthew.flaschen@gatech.edu>
20069 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20070 Ozgur Gurcan <ozgur.gurcan@lpp.polytechnique.fr>
20071 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
20072 Remi Denis-Courmont <remi@remlab.net>
20073 Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
20074 Tim Stoakes <tim@stoakes.net>
20075 W. Trevor King <wking@drexel.edu>
20076 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
20078 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20081 New and rewritten pages
20082 -----------------------
20085 Petr Baudis, Michael Kerrisk
20086 New page to centralize description of sigevent structure
20087 Several interfaces use this structure. Best to centralize the
20088 common details in one place. Content taken from the existing
20089 timerfd_create.2 and mq_open.3 pages, with additions by
20090 Petr Baudis and Michael Kerrisk.
20093 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20094 ---------------------------------------------
20098 Document IP_NODEFRAG
20099 This option is new in Linux 2.6.36
20103 Document SIOCINQ ioctl() operation
20148 clock_getcpuclockid.3
20256 Add/fix/update feature test macro requirements in SYNOPSIS
20257 Various changes to:
20258 * Update feature test requirements to note changes in
20259 recent glibc releases
20260 * Correct errors in feature test macro requirements
20261 * Add feature test macro requirements to pages where
20262 the requirements were not previously stated.
20270 sched_setaffinity.2
20280 gnu_get_libc_version.3
20285 pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3
20286 pthread_getattr_np.3
20287 pthread_setaffinity_np.3
20288 pthread_tryjoin_np.3
20297 SYNOPSIS: Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
20298 These pages specify feature test macros in the function
20299 prototypes. Add a reference to feature_test_macros(7),
20300 so that readers are pointed to the information that
20301 feature test macros must be defined before including
20305 clock_getcpuclockid.3
20312 RETURN VALUE: Note that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS
20325 Note that feature test macros must be defined before *any* includes
20326 Programmers often make the mistake of including a feature test
20327 macro only after having already included some header files.
20328 This patch adds some text at opportune places to remind
20329 programmers to do things the right way.
20348 SEE ALSO: Add reference to string(3)
20349 The idea here is to provide a route to discover other
20364 Fix decimal values in encoding tables
20365 Octal and hexadecimal values are right, but there are some
20366 off-by one errors in decimal values. Correct values are
20367 printed by this command:
20369 perl -pi -e 'if (s/^([0-7]+)\t([0-9]+)\t([0-9a-fA-F]+)//)
20370 {printf "%03o\t%d\t%s", hex($3), hex($3), $3;};' man7/*.7
20373 Changes to individual pages
20374 ---------------------------
20378 SYNOPSIS: Remove unneeded "undef _POSIX_SOURCE"
20382 Add feature test macro requirements for F_GETOWN and F_SETOWN
20386 Note feature test macro requirements for F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
20390 Document units for RLIMIT_RTTIME limit
20391 This limit is in microseconds
20393 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=596492
20397 Removed note about return type on ancient systems
20401 Definitions of various MS_* constants only appeared in glibc 2.12
20402 See http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11235
20406 Update information on nanosecond timestamp fields
20407 Update feature test macro requirements for exposing these fields.
20408 Note that these fields are specified in POSIX.1-2008.
20412 Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page
20416 Add reference to new sigevent(7) page
20420 glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug
20421 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6759
20426 Make it clearer that this function is unimplemented
20430 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20431 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6780
20432 was (silently) resolved.
20436 errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a range error
20437 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6788
20438 was (silently) resolved.
20442 errno is now correctly set to EDOM for the x==inf domain error
20443 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6784
20444 was (silently) resolved.
20448 Noted prev == NULL bug in glibc 2.4 and earlier
20449 As noted by Remi Denis-Courmont, glibc nowadays allows
20450 'prev' to be NULL, as required by POSIX for initializing
20451 a linear list. But in glibc 2.4 and earlier, 'prev' could
20452 not be NULL. Add a BUGS section noting this.
20454 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=551201
20456 Added info on circular lists, and initializing circular lists
20458 Added example program
20462 glibc 2.10 fixed pole error bug
20463 http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6777
20464 was (silently) resolved.
20468 log2() function does not conform to C89
20469 log2(), log2f(), and log2l() do not conform to C89.
20470 They are defined in C99. See http://flash-gordon.me.uk/ansi.c.txt
20471 and http://www.schweikhardt.net/identifiers.html
20475 Factor out generic material that was moved to new sigevent(7) page
20479 errno is now correctly set to ERANGE on a pole error
20480 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6776
20481 was (silently) resolved.
20483 pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3
20485 CONFORMING TO: Note meaning of "_np" suffix
20489 Clarify description of range of returned value
20491 Add an example program
20493 Expand description of rand_r()
20497 Update initstate() return value description to match glibc
20501 Clarify that "positive error numbers" are listed in ERRORS
20502 Reported-by fkater@googlemail.com
20506 SYNOPSIS: Add header file and feature test macro requirements
20510 Correct discussion of when BSD vs SysV version is used in glibc
20514 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20515 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6781
20516 was (silently) resolved.
20520 errno is now correctly set to EDOM on a domain error
20521 http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6782
20522 was (silently) resolved.
20528 Added VERSIONS section
20532 Update list of major Linux distributions
20534 feature_test_macros.7
20536 Make text on required placement of macros more prominent
20537 Move the text that notes the requirement that feature test macros
20538 must be defined before including any header files to the top of
20539 the page, and highlight the text further, so that the reader will
20540 not miss this point.
20545 Add SEE ALSO reference to new sigevent(7) page
20549 Clarify header file details for SIOCINQ and SIOCOUTQ
20550 Also note synonymous FIONREAD and TIOCOUTQ.
20553 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.28 ====================
20555 Released: 2010-10-04, Munich
20561 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20562 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20564 Andries E. Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
20565 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20566 Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
20567 Landijk <landijk-user@yahoo.com>
20568 Lennart Poettering <mzjro@0pointer.net>
20569 Michael Haardt <michael@moria.de>
20570 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20571 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz>
20572 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
20574 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20577 New and rewritten pages
20578 -----------------------
20582 New page documenting getaddrinfo_a()
20583 The page also documents gai_suspend(), gai_cancel(),
20588 New page providing an overview of POSIX asynchronous I/O
20591 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20592 ---------------------------------------------
20597 This function was added to glibc in version 2.11.
20598 Also various other small rewrites in the page.
20601 New and changed links
20602 ---------------------
20608 New links to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20610 error_one_per_line.3
20612 Fix misnamed link file (was error_on_per_line.3)
20620 New link to sigaltstack.2
20621 No new programs should use sigstack(3). Point the user to the
20622 better sigalstack(2), whose man page briefly mentions sigstack(3).
20626 New link to getrlimit.2
20627 No new programs should use vlimit(3). Point the user to the
20628 better setrlimit(2), whose man page briefly mentions vlimit(3).
20632 New link to getrusage.2
20633 No new programs should use vtimes(3). Point the user to the
20634 better getrusage(2), whose man page briefly mentions vtimes(3).
20642 Switch to American usage: "-wards" ==> "-ward"
20643 American English uses "afterward" in preference to "afterwards",
20664 Simplify feature test macro requirements
20667 Changes to individual pages
20668 ---------------------------
20672 Add mention of the ancient vlimit() function
20676 Add mention of the ancient vtimes() function
20684 SEE ALSO: add aio(7)
20686 sched_setscheduler.2
20688 ERRORS: note that NULL 'param' yields EINVAL
20692 Note feature test macro requirements for blkcnt_t and blksize_t
20696 Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument
20700 Correct and simplify ftruncate() feature test macro requirements
20701 The glibc 2.12 feature test macro requirements for ftruncate() are
20702 buggy; see http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=12037.
20703 Corrected the requirements in the SYNOPSIS, and added a BUGS
20704 section describing the problem in glibc 2.12.
20708 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20709 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20710 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20714 Wording improvements in RETURN VALUE
20715 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20716 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20717 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20721 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20722 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20726 Various minor rewordings and additions
20727 Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion
20728 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20729 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20730 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20734 Improve description in RETURN VALUE
20735 Add pointer to aio(7) for example program
20736 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20737 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20741 Various additions and rewordings.
20742 Give some arguments more meaningful names.
20743 More explicitly describe the 'nitems' argument.
20744 Explicitly note that return is immediate if an I/O operation
20745 has already completed.
20746 Note that aio_error(3) should be used to scan the aiocb list
20747 after a successful return.
20748 Add references to other relevant pages.
20749 Various other pieces rewritten.
20750 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20751 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20755 Add pointer to sigevent(7) for details of notification of I/O completion
20756 Various minor rewordings and additions
20757 Refer the reader to aio(7) for a description of the aiocb structure
20758 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008; add VERSIONS section
20762 Fix error in feature test macro requirements
20766 Remove crufty statement about old SCO bug
20770 Add feature test macro requirements for execvpe()
20771 Rewrite description of PATH and mention _CS_PATH
20772 Note execvp() and execlp() behavior for filename containing a slash
20776 Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20780 Fix formatting of feature test macros
20784 Fix feature test macros
20788 Remove editorializing comments on memory overcommitting
20789 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19332
20791 Various minor reorganizations and wording fix-ups
20795 Standardize on name 'sevp' for sigevent argument
20799 Make it clear that nl_langinfo() interacts with setlocale()
20800 Add an example program
20804 Fix feature test macro requirements
20808 Remove duplicate #include in example program
20812 Add reference to strtok() example in getaddrinfo(3)
20816 Added section noting limitations and caveats of inotify
20820 Add SEE ALSO reference to new getaddrinfo_a.3 page
20821 Add SEE ALSO referring to new aio(7) page
20825 Change explanation of ".rpm" to "RPM software package"
20828 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.29 ====================
20830 Released: 2010-10-19, Detroit
20836 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
20837 been incorporated in changes in this release:
20839 Balazs Scheidler <bazsi@balabit.hu>
20840 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
20841 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
20842 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
20843 Ivana Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
20844 Lennart Poettering <mzxreary@0pointer.de>
20845 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
20846 Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
20847 Simon Paillard <simon.paillard@resel.enst-bretagne.fr>
20848 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
20849 Thomas Jarosch <thomas.jarosch@intra2net.com>
20850 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
20852 Apologies if I missed anyone!
20855 New and rewritten pages
20856 -----------------------
20860 New page documenting the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot(2)
20864 New page documenting aio_init(3)
20867 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
20868 ---------------------------------------------
20872 Document the architecture-specific arm_fadvise64_64() system call
20873 This ARM-specific system call fixes the argument ordering
20874 for that architecture. Since Linux 2.6.14.
20878 Document the architecture-specific sync_file_range2() system call
20879 As described in commit edd5cd4a9424f22b0fa08bef5e299d41befd5622,
20880 the sync_file_range() argument order is broken for some
20881 architectures (PowerPC, ARM, tile). The remedy was a different
20882 system call using the right argument order on those architectures.
20886 Document psiginfo()
20887 psiginfo() was added to glibc in version 2.10.
20889 Add details, VERSIONS, and BUGS for psiginfo()
20893 Document IP_RECVORIGDSTADDR
20894 Document IP_TRANSPARENT
20896 Document IP_FREEBIND
20897 Text based on input from Lennart Poettering and Balazs Scheidler.
20898 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=20082
20901 New and changed links
20902 ---------------------
20906 New link to posix_fadvise.2
20908 arm_sync_file_range.2, sync_file_range2.2
20910 New links to sync_file_range.2
20914 New link to posix_fadvise.2
20918 New link to psignal.3
20926 global fix: s/Unix/UNIX/
20927 The man pages were rather inconsistent in the use of "Unix"
20928 versus "UNIX". Let's go with the trademark usage.
20932 Global fix: s/pseudo-terminal/pseudoterminal/
20934 grantpt.3, ptsname.3, unlockpt.3, pts.4
20936 Global fix: s/pty/pseudoterminal/
20938 recv.2, cmsg.3, unix.7
20940 global fix: s/UNIX socket/UNIX domain socket/
20942 fmtmsg.3, gethostbyname.3, termios.3
20944 Global fix: s/Unixware/UnixWare/
20947 Changes to individual pages
20948 ---------------------------
20952 SYNOPSIS: fix type of 'wd' argument
20956 Rewrite VERSIONS, noting that the system call is fadvise64()
20960 Add the PowerPC-specific subpage_prot() system call
20961 Add sync_file_range2()
20965 Fix feature test macros
20975 SEE ALSO: Add lio_listio(3)
20981 Make these into links
20982 In the previous release, these files were accidentally made copies
20983 of getaddrinfo_a.3, instead of being made as link files.
20987 Prevent possible NULL pointer access in example program
20991 Emphasize that malloc() and realloc() do not initialize allocated memory
20995 Warn that these functions are deprecated
20999 Formatting fixes in strncpy() example implementation code
21003 Reword NOTES on Linux-specific options
21007 SEE ALSO: Add aio_read(3), aio_write(3), and lio_listio(3)
21011 Document the autobind feature
21013 Fix description of abstract socket names
21014 As reported by Lennart Poettering:
21015 The part about "abstract" sockets is misleading as it suggests
21016 that the sockaddr returned by getsockname() would necessarily
21017 have the size of sizeof(struct sockaddr), which however is not
21018 the case: getsockname() returns exactly the sockaddr size that
21019 was passed in on bind(). In particular, two sockets that are
21020 bound to the same sockaddr but different sizes are completely
21022 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812
21024 Fix description of "pathname" sockets
21025 As reported by Lennart Poettering:
21026 The part about "pathname" sockets suggests usage of
21027 sizeof(sa_family_t) + strlen(sun_path) + 1
21028 for calculating the sockaddr size. Due to alignment/padding
21029 this is probably not a good idea. Instead, one should use
21030 offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen() + 1
21031 or something like that.
21032 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19812
21035 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.30 ====================
21037 Released: 2010-11-01, Munich
21043 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21044 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21046 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
21047 Bernhard Walle <bernhard@bwalle.de>
21048 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
21049 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
21050 Florian Lehmann <flo.lehmann@googlemail.com>
21051 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
21052 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
21053 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21054 Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
21055 Pádraig Brady <P@draigbrady.com>
21056 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
21057 scarlettsp <scarlettsp@gmail.com>
21058 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21060 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21063 New and rewritten pages
21064 -----------------------
21068 New page documenting kexec_load(2)
21072 Incorporate fixes from Eric W. Biederman
21073 Eric noted that a few instances of "virtual" should
21074 be "physical" and noted:
21076 There is an expectation that at hand off from sys_kexec that
21077 virtual and physical addresses will be identity mapped. But
21078 this isn't the old Alpha booting convention where you have
21079 a virtual address and then you have to parse the page table
21080 to figure out where your kernel was actually loaded.
21082 Additions and edits by mtk
21083 Various wording and layout improvements.
21084 Fixed the name of a constant: s/KEXEC_ARCH_I386/KEXEC_ARCH_386/.
21085 Added RETURN VALUE and ERRORS sections.
21086 Added VERSIONS section
21087 Note that CONFIG_KEXEC is needed
21088 Removed details of using syscall; the reader can find them in
21090 Added some details for KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT.
21091 Revised the text mentioning the kernel header, since it is
21092 not yet exported, and it's not certain that it will be.
21096 New page documenting lio_listio(3)
21099 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21100 ---------------------------------------------
21104 Document LINUX_REBOOT_KEXEC
21105 Some fix-ups by Michael Kerrisk
21107 Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order.
21111 Document CLONE_NEWIPC
21113 Document CLONE_NEWNET
21114 Lucian Adrian Grijincu
21115 Improve description of CLONE_NEWNET
21116 CLONE_NEWNET creates a new network namespace from scratch.
21117 You don't have anything from the old network namespace in
21118 the new one. Even the loopback device is new.
21120 Document CLONE_SYSVSEM
21122 Document CLONE_NEWUTS
21124 Relocate discussion of CAP_SYS_ADMIN to CLONE_NEWNS section
21125 And rewrite the EPERM description to be more general in
21126 preparation for the new flags to be documented.
21134 Add reference to feature_test_macros(7)
21135 Some pages simply list feature test macro requirements in
21138 #define #GNU_SOURCE
21139 #include <someheader.h>
21141 For these pages, add a "See feature_test_macros(7)" comment
21142 on the "#define" line.
21146 SEE ALSO: Remove redundant reference to feature_test_macros(7)
21150 Use greater consistency in NAME line
21151 (Remove definite article at start of descriptive clause.)
21155 SEE ALSO: Place entries in correct order
21159 ERRORS: Place entries in correct order
21163 Add section number to references to functions documented in other pages
21167 Remove redundant section number in page references
21168 Remove section number in function references that are for
21169 functions documented on this page.
21182 Capitalize hexadecimal numbers
21185 Changes to individual pages
21186 ---------------------------
21190 Note use of faccessat(2) for checking symbolic link permissions
21192 Give an example of a safer alternative to using access()
21196 Clarify when CLONE_NEWNET implementation was completed
21200 Note that faccessat() is racy
21204 RETURN VALUE: Improve description of F_GETFD and F_GETFL
21206 inotify_add_watch.2
21208 Document ENOENT error
21212 Improve wording describing /proc/PID/status /VmLck field
21214 shmctl() SHM_LOCKed memory is not included in VmLck
21218 Place 'cmd' values in alphabetical order
21222 Change 1-line page description
21224 Improvements after review by Paul Mackerras
21228 Remove redundant SEE ALSO reference
21232 Note the use of faccessat(2) to operate on symbolic links
21234 Note that the use of euidaccess() is racy
21238 Clarify wording relating to glibc version
21244 Refer reader for group(5) for more info on group structure
21248 Use constants in getopt_long() example
21249 The description of getopt_long() mentions the constants
21250 required_argument, no_argument and optional_argument.
21251 Use them in the example to make the code easier to understand.
21255 Change comment describing pw_gecos
21261 Refer reader to passwd(5) for more info on the passwd structure
21266 Note that pw_gecos is not in POSIX
21267 And change the comment describing this field
21271 Change comment describing pw_gecos
21275 Some rewording and restructuring
21279 Fix feature test macro requirements
21283 Fix feature test macro requirements
21287 Various minor rewordings
21294 Remove definite article from NAME section
21295 Please find inline another tiny patch in order to shrink
21296 the definite article from some other pages (found with
21297 "rgrep -i ' \\\- the' man*").
21301 Various minor rewordings
21305 Add reference to mlock(2) for further info on /proc/PID/status VmLck
21309 Write the character set name as ArmSCII
21313 Capitalize hexadecimal numbers
21317 Fix name of socket option: s/IP_TTL/IP_TRANSPARENT/
21319 Place socket options in alphabetical order
21323 Fix special character names
21324 Comparing to koi8-u.7, I noticed some inconsistencies in special
21325 character names. After checking with the following Unicode related
21326 pages, please find inline (and gzipped attached, hopefully not
21327 messing with encoding), a patch in order to make it right, on an
21328 Unicode point of view.
21330 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2500.pdf
21331 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U25A0.pdf
21332 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf
21333 http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1D400.pdf
21335 Fix SEE ALSO reference and letter names
21336 The koi8-r(7) (Russian Net Character Set) manual page refers
21337 to iso-8859-7(7) manual page, which is the Latin/Greek one.
21338 I guess it should refer instead to the iso-8859-5(7)
21339 (Latin/Cyrillic) one. This is addressed at the end of the patch.
21341 It has also been spotted that letter names are different in
21342 this manual page and in the Unicode related page [0], the
21343 first part of the page address this.
21345 0: http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0400.pdf
21350 The old example used the chmod(2) man page, but the
21351 feature test macro requirements on that page had changed.
21352 Update to use an example from a different page (acct(2),
21353 whose feature test macro requirements are probably unlikely
21354 to change in the future).
21357 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.31 ====================
21359 Released: 2010-11-12, Munich
21365 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21366 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21368 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
21369 David Prevot <davidp@altern.org>
21370 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
21371 Krzysztof Żelechowski <giecrilj@stegny.2a.pl>
21372 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21373 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21375 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21378 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21379 ---------------------------------------------
21383 Added documentation of prlimit()
21384 prlimit() is new in kernel 2.6.36.
21388 Document IN_EXCL_UNLINK
21389 This flag was added in Linux 2.6.36.
21390 See kernel commit 8c1934c8d70b22ca8333b216aec6c7d09fdbd6a6.
21393 New and changed links
21394 ---------------------
21398 New link to getrlimit.2
21401 Changes to individual pages
21402 ---------------------------
21406 Remove unneeded text in DESCRIPTION
21410 Added various pages to SEE ALSO
21414 Add kernel version where KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT first appeared
21415 Added kernel version number where KEXEC_ON_CRASH first appeared
21417 Make copyright in the name of Intel corporation
21418 VERSIONS: Fix version number
21419 kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry
21420 in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7.
21424 SEE ALSO: Add reference to Documentation/vm/page_migration
21426 sched_setaffinity.2
21428 Add missing word "real" to "user ID"
21432 Fix kernel version number for kexec_load
21433 kexec_load() was first implemented in 2.6.13, though the entry
21434 in the system call table was reserved starting in 2.6.7.
21436 Add prlimit() to list
21440 Added various pages to SEE ALSO
21444 Formatting fixes in example code
21448 Small improvement to description of domains
21449 See: https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=651900
21452 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.32 ====================
21454 Released: 2010-12-03, Munich
21460 The following people contributed notes, ideas, or patches that have
21461 been incorporated in changes in this release:
21463 A. Costa <agcosta@gis.net>
21464 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
21465 Emil Mikulic <emikulic@gmail.com>
21466 Eugene Kapun <abacabadabacaba@gmail.com>
21467 Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
21468 Ivana Hutarova Varekova <varekova@redhat.com>
21469 Joern Heissler <kernelbugs@joern.heissler.de>
21470 Lars Wirzenius <liw@liw.fi>
21471 Martin Eberhard Schauer <Martin.E.Schauer@gmx.de>
21472 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21473 Petr Uzel <petr.uzel@suse.cz>
21474 Roger Pate <roger@qxxy.com>
21475 Török Edwin <edwintorok@gmail.com>
21476 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21478 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21481 New and rewritten pages
21482 -----------------------
21486 New page documenting ptrhead_sigqueue()
21487 pthread_sigqueue() is new in glibc 2.11 (requires a kernel with
21488 rt_tgsigqueinfo(), added in Linux 2.6.31).
21491 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21492 ---------------------------------------------
21496 Add documentation of preadv() and pwritev()
21497 The preadv() and pwritev() system calls were added in
21501 New and changed links
21502 ---------------------
21506 New link to readv.2
21510 New link to readv.2
21513 Changes to individual pages
21514 ---------------------------
21518 Remove redundant and incorrect info on FTMs from NOTES
21522 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21526 Clarify that clock_nanosleep() suspends the calling *thread*
21530 Note that 'size' argument must be greater than 0
21531 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23872
21533 Added VERSIONS section
21537 Added VERSIONS section
21541 Updated VERSIONS section
21545 Add notes on fcntl64()
21549 Add NOTES on fstatat64(), the name of the underlying system call
21553 Added notes on getdents64()
21557 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21561 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21565 Improve description of getpagesize()
21566 Improve description of getpagesize() and relocate discussion
21567 of sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE).
21569 In part inspired by
21570 http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=537272
21574 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21578 Add example program for prlimit()
21582 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21585 Ivana Hutarova Varekova
21586 O_EXCL can be used without O_CREAT for block devices
21587 Since Linux 2.6 there is a possibility to use O_EXCL without
21588 O_CREAT. See patch: http://lkml.org/lkml/2003/8/10/221.
21592 Add notes on pread64() and pwrite64()
21593 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=23072
21595 SEE ALSO: add readv(3)
21599 Wording fix: readv() and writev() are system calls, not functions
21603 Add notes on sendfile64()
21607 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21611 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21615 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21619 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21623 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21627 Add NOTES explaining 32-bit system calls added in Linux 2.4
21633 SEE ALSO: Add pthread_sigqueue(3)
21637 Fix EOVERFLOW error description
21638 2<<31 should read 1<<31 (which equals 2^31).
21642 Add notes on statfs64() and fstatfs64()
21646 Document SWAP_FLAG_DISCARD and discarding of swap pages
21650 Add notes on truncate64() and ftruncate64()
21654 Change "should not overlap" to "must not overlap"
21655 glibc 2.12 changed things so that applications that use memcpy() on
21656 overlapping regions will encounter problems. (The standards have
21657 long said that the behavious is undefined if the memory areas
21660 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=603144
21661 In reference of http://lwn.net/Articles/414467/
21662 and http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.glibc.alpha/15278
21666 usleep() suspends calling thread, not process
21670 Change single quote to double quote in shell session example
21671 The example section has a sample shell session containing:
21673 echo '|$PWD/core_pattern_pipe_test %p UID=%u GID=%g sig=%s'
21675 But $PWD won't be expanded in single quotes. It should be double
21676 quotes around the entire argument or some other form.
21680 Added description of async-cancel-safe functions
21684 Reworded the text of various errors
21689 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.33 ====================
21691 Released: 2011-09-16, Munich
21697 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
21698 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
21699 incorporated in changes in this release:
21701 Akira Fujita <a-fujita@rs.jp.nec.com>
21702 Alexander Schuch <Alex.Schuch@gmx.de>
21703 Andries Brouwer <Andries.Brouwer@cwi.nl>
21704 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
21705 Dan Jacobson <jidanni@jidanni.org>
21706 Folkert van Heusden <folkert.mobiel@gmail.com>
21707 Graham Gower <graham.gower@gmail.com>
21708 Hendrik Jan Thomassen <hjt@atcomputing.nl>
21709 Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@medozas.de>
21710 Joey Adams <joeyadams3.14159@gmail.com>
21711 Johannes Laire <johannes@laire.fi>
21712 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
21713 Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
21714 Konstantin Ritt <ritt.ks@gmail.com>
21715 Luis Javier Merino <ninjalj@gmail.com>
21716 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
21717 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
21718 Mikel Ward <mikel@mikelward.com>
21719 Nick Black <dankamongmen@gmail.com>
21720 Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
21721 Petr Pisar <ppisar@redhat.com>
21722 Przemyslaw Pawelczyk <przemyslaw@pawelczyk.it>
21723 Regid Ichira <regid23@yahoo.com>
21724 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
21725 Richard B. Kreckel <kreckel@ginac.de>
21726 Ryan Mullen <rmmullen@gmail.com>
21727 Sebastian Geiger <sbastig@gmx.net>
21728 Sebastian Unger <sebunger@gmx.net>
21729 Seonghun Lim <wariua@gmail.com>
21730 Serge E. Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
21731 Simon Cross <hodgestar@gmail.com>
21732 Simon Paillard <spaillard@debian.org>
21733 Stan Sieler <sieler@me.com>
21734 Timmy Lee <scuttimmy@gmail.com>
21735 Tolga Dalman <tolga.dalman@googlemail.com>
21736 Tomislav Jonjic <jonjic@cs.unibo.it>
21737 Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>
21738 Wei Luosheng <weiluosheng001@gmail.com>
21740 Apologies if I missed anyone!
21743 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
21744 ---------------------------------------------
21748 Added new syncfs() system call
21749 syncfs() was added in Linux 2.6.39.
21752 New and changed links
21753 ---------------------
21757 New link for sync(2).
21765 Global fix: properly escape minus sign
21768 Changes to individual pages
21769 ---------------------------
21773 Note that CLONE_STOPPED was removed in 2.6.38
21776 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Geiger]
21777 Note that the first argv[] value should contain name of executable
21780 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
21781 Note that F_GETFL also retrieves file access mode
21784 Michael Kerrisk [Ryan Mullen]
21785 Remove mention of kernel versions in discussion of RLIMIT_CPU
21786 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21787 Fix example program and add _FILE_OFFSET_BITS requirement
21790 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson]
21791 Clarify EINVAL error
21792 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?625747
21793 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21794 Simplify and correct text for EPERM error
21798 Fix off-by-one error in a memory range
21800 Fix small bug in example program
21801 The description of the example program says that it makes the
21802 third page "read-only". Thus use PROT_READ instead of PROT_NONE.
21805 Folkert van Heusden
21806 Remove text describing O_CLOEXEC as Linux-specific
21807 O_CLOEXEC is specified in POSIX.1-2008, as noted
21808 elsewhere in the page.
21811 Michael Kerrisk [Dan Jacobson]
21812 SEE ALSO: Add readlink(1)
21816 Since 2.6.33, 'out_fd' can refer to any file type
21817 Linux kernel commit cc56f7de7f00d188c7c4da1e9861581853b9e92f
21818 meant sendfile(2) can work with any output file.
21820 Shift text on falling back to read()/write() to NOTES
21821 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21822 Remove mention of kernel version for 'in_fd' argument
21824 Add an explicit reference to splice(2)
21825 Unlike sendfile(), splice() can transfer data
21826 between a pair of sockets.
21829 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21830 Add a little info about ucontext_t
21833 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21834 Small rewording of ENAMETOOLONG error
21838 Some rewrites to description of sync()
21842 Added fanotify_init() and fanotify_mark() to syscall list
21844 Added new 2.6.39 system calls
21846 Updated for Linux 3.0 system calls
21848 Update kernel version at head of syscall list
21850 Update to mention 3.x kernel series
21853 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn]
21854 Update for kernel 2.6.37 changes
21855 Document /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict.
21856 Document CAP_SYSLOG.
21859 Michael Kerrisk [Alexander Schuch]
21860 NOTES: Fix description of "Seconds since the Epoch"
21863 Michael Kerrisk [Josh Triplett]
21864 Note behavior when timerdfd_settime() old_value is NULL
21865 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?641513
21867 Fix small error in description of timerfd_settime()
21871 Remove redundant EINTR description
21874 Hendrik Jan Thomassen
21875 Improve EBUSY description
21881 Michael Kerrisk [Richard B. Kreckel, Andries Brouwer]
21882 Fix formula describing function
21883 The man pages for cacos(), cacosh(), catan(), catanh()
21884 contain incorrect formulae describing the functions.
21888 Add example program
21892 Add example program
21899 SEE ALSO: Add reference to inverse function
21903 Add example program
21907 Add example program
21916 SEE ALSO Add reference to "arc" inverse function
21920 SEE ALSO: add cexp(3)
21924 SEE ALSO: Add reference to clog(2)
21927 Michael Kerrisk [Jan Engelhardt]
21928 Fix header file and feature test macro requirements for crypt_r()
21932 Clean up description of error message source
21933 In the second paragraph of DESCRIPTION section, one of the
21934 sources of error messages is incorrect: the four functions obtain
21935 error message only from errno, and "a code" is just relevant
21936 with errc() and warnc(), which are not present on Linux.
21937 see http://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/3/ERR/ .
21939 Then, the third paragraph becomes a duplicate.
21944 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?614021
21948 Update ERRORS section
21949 EINVAL can occur for hdestroy_r().
21950 EINVAL can't occur for hcreate().
21954 Michael Kerrisk [Mikel Ward]
21955 ERRORS: EBADF can also occur for nonwritable file descriptor
21956 As noted in the DESCRIPTION, the file descriptor must be writable
21957 in order to place a lock.
21961 Reorder prototypes in SYNOPSIS
21962 calloc() comes before realloc() in the other sections,
21963 so should do in SYNOPSIS, too.
21967 SEE ALSO: add reference to wcstombs(3)
21970 Michael Kerrisk [Sebastian Unger]
21971 Clarify that comparison interprets bytes as "unsigned char"
21974 Michael Kerrisk [Seonghun Lim]
21976 Since glibc 2.3, resolved_path can be non-NULL (with the
21977 semantics already documented in the page).
21981 Add ENOENT/ENOTDIR errors
21984 Michael Kerrisk [Luis Javier Merino]
21985 Remove misleading sentence about signal(2) and system call interruption
21988 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21989 SEE ALSO: Add strnlen(3)
21992 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
21993 CONFORMING TO: Note that strnlen() is in POSIX.1-2008
21996 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
21997 Fix NOTES section constants
22001 Use "terminal special characters" consistently throughout page
22002 Michael Kerrisk [Paul Evans]
22003 Add documentation of _POSIX_VDISABLE
22004 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=627841
22006 Add a description of STATUS character
22008 Added description of SWTCH character
22010 Add names of terminal special characters
22012 List terminal special characters in alphabetical order
22016 SEE ALSO: add mbstowcs(3)
22021 Linux 3.0 (commit f8df13e0a901fe55631fed66562369b4dba40f8b)
22022 implements \E[3J to allow scrambling content of console
22023 including scroll-back buffer
22024 (http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1125792).
22027 Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler]
22028 Add description of 'PPid' field of /proc/PID/status
22029 Michael Kerrisk [Stan Sieler]
22030 Add description of 'SigQ' field of /proc/PID/status
22033 Michael Kerrisk [Serge E. Hallyn]
22034 Document CAP_SYSLOG and related changes in Linux 2.6.37
22036 File capabilities are no longer optional
22037 Starting with Linux 2.6.33, the CONFIG_SECURITY_FILE_CAPABILITIES
22038 has been removed, and file capabilities are always part of the
22043 Updated SEE ALSO list to include all complex math functions
22046 Michael Kerrisk [Simon Cross]
22047 Fix description of address notation: "8 4-digit hexadecimal numbers"
22051 Remove crufty repeated info about LinuxThreads
22055 Add pointer to cmsg(3) for an example of the use of SCM_RIGHTS
22058 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.34 ====================
22060 Released: 2011-09-23, Munich
22066 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22067 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22068 incorporated in changes in this release:
22070 Alan Curry <pacman@kosh.dhis.org>
22071 Benjamin Poirier <benjamin.poirier@gmail.com>
22072 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
22073 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
22074 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22075 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22076 Doug Goldstein <cardoe@cardoe.com>
22077 Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
22078 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22079 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
22080 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22081 Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
22082 Paul Pluzhnikov <ppluzhnikov@google.com>
22083 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22084 Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
22085 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
22086 Stephen Cameron <scameron@beardog.cce.hp.com>
22087 Sunil Mushran <sunil.mushran@oracle.com>
22089 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22092 New and rewritten pages
22093 -----------------------
22096 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller]
22097 New page for rt_sigqueueinfo(2) and rt_tgsigqueueinfo(2)
22098 This replaces the previous '.so' man page link file for
22099 rt_sigqueueinfo.2, which linked to this sigqueue() man page.
22103 New man page for cciss driver
22104 I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence
22105 of having worked on the cciss driver for the past several years,
22106 and having written considerable portions of it.
22112 New man page for the hpsa driver
22113 I obtained the information in this man page as a consequence
22114 of being the main author of the hpsa driver.
22119 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22120 ---------------------------------------------
22123 Michael Kerrisk [David Howells]
22124 Document AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT
22125 This flag was added in Linux 2.6.38.
22128 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake, Sunil Mushran]
22129 Document SEEK_HOLE and SEEK_DATA
22130 These flags, designed for discovering holes in a file,
22131 were added in Linux 3.1. Included comments from Eric
22132 Blake and Sunil Mushran.
22136 Add MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE
22137 Document the MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE flags added to
22138 madvise() in Linux 2.6.38.
22141 New and changed links
22142 ---------------------
22144 rt_tgsigqueueinfo.2
22146 New link to new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page
22150 Create link to page that was relocated to section 3
22158 Change reference to "sigqueue(2)" to "sigqueue(3)"
22161 Changes to individual pages
22162 ---------------------------
22166 ERRORS: Add EPERM and ESPIPE errors
22169 Michael Kerrisk [Alan Curry, Reuben Thomas]
22170 Remove suspect note about 'whence' being incorrect English
22174 PR_SET_DUMPABLE makes process non-ptrace-attachable
22178 Document using st_size to allocate the buffer
22180 Added copyright text + changelog note for Guillem Jover's patch
22182 sched_setscheduler.2
22184 Document 2.6.39 changes to rules governing changes from SCHED_IDLE policy
22185 Since Linux 2.6.39, unprivileged processes under the
22186 SCHED_IDLE policy can switch to another nonrealtime
22187 policy if their nice value falls within the range
22188 permitted by their RLIMIT_NICE limit.
22192 SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo (2)
22195 Michael Kerrisk [Brian M. Carlson]
22196 Add pointers to better, thread-safe alternative functions
22197 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=606899
22201 Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements
22202 Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose
22203 prototype of this function.
22206 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
22207 Fix text mentioning terminating null
22211 Replace explicit mention of rt_tgsigqueueinfo() with SEE ALSO reference
22215 Move this page to section 3
22216 Now that the underlying system call rt_sigqueueinfo(2) is
22217 properly documented, move sigqueue() to Section 3, since
22218 it is really a library function.
22220 Update text in line with existence of new rt_sigqueueinfo.2 page
22224 Improve description of 'maxlen' argument
22225 It's worth clarifying 'maxlen' is in wide-char units, not bytes.
22229 Add _ISOC95_SOURCE to feature test macro requirements
22230 Since glibc 2.12, _ISOC95_SOURCE can also be used to expose
22231 prototype of these functions.
22233 feature_test_macros.7
22235 Document _ISOC95_SOURCE
22236 _ISOC95_SOURCE was added in glibc 2.12 as a means
22237 to expose C90 Amendment 1 definitions.
22240 Benjamin Poirier [Neil Horman]
22241 Improve description of IP_MTU_DISCOVER
22245 SEE ALSO: Add rt_sigqueueinfo(2)
22248 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.35 ====================
22250 Released: 2011-10-04, Munich
22256 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22257 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22258 incorporated in changes in this release:
22260 Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
22261 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22262 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22263 Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
22264 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22265 Jon Grant <jg@jguk.org>
22266 Kevin Lyda <kevin@ie.suberic.net>
22267 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22268 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22269 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22271 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22274 New and rewritten pages
22275 -----------------------
22278 Andi Kleen, Michael Kerrisk
22279 New man page for recvmmsg(2)
22283 New manual page for setns(2)
22285 Various improvements
22293 Global fix: remove spaces around em-dash
22294 Normal English typographical convention is not to have
22295 spaces around em dashes.
22299 Global fix: s/null pointer/NULL pointer/
22303 Global fix: use ORing
22304 Use "ORing", not "OR'ing", nor an italic ".IR OR ing".
22308 Global fix: consistent use of "null wide character"
22309 Bring more consistency to the discussion of
22310 "[terminating] null wide character"
22311 by writing (at least in the initial use in a page)
22312 "[terminating] null wide character (L'\0')".
22316 Global fix: consistent use of "null byte"
22317 Bring more consistency to the discussion of
22318 "[terminating] null byte"
22319 by writing (at least in the initial use in a page)
22320 "[terminating] null byte ('\0')".
22324 s/task/thread/ for consistency with other pages
22327 Changes to individual pages
22328 ---------------------------
22332 CONFORMING TO: Note other systems that have SEEK_HOLE+SEEK_DATA
22336 Add mention of recvmmsg(2)
22340 SEE ALSO: add sendmmsg(2)
22344 CONFORMING TO: POSIX.1-2008 adds MSG_NOSIGNAL
22348 Note that attempts to wait for SIGKILL and SIGSTOP are silently ignored
22352 Note POSIX.1-2001 and POSIX.1-2008 requirements for lstat()
22354 Regarding automounter action, add a reference to fstatat(2)
22356 Clean up text describing which POSIX describes S_IF* constants
22359 Michael Kerrisk [Jon Grant]
22360 Clarify meaning of "return status" and "error status"
22364 POSIX.1-2008 marks gets() obsolescent
22365 The page formerly erroneously stated that POSIX.1-2008
22366 removed the specification of this function.
22370 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008
22371 This function is specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision.
22374 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
22375 Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte"
22380 Note that these functions are in POSIX.1-2008
22381 Update the "CONFORMING TO" sections of these functions to
22382 note that they are now part of the POSIX.1-2008 standard.
22386 Change "terminating null" to "terminating null byte"
22390 SEE ALSO: Add stpncpy(3)
22394 CONFORMING TO: strndup() is in POSIX.1-2008
22401 CONFORMING TO: Add POSIX.1-2008
22402 These functions are specified in the POSIX.1-2008 revision.
22406 Document /proc/[pid]/ns/
22408 Some edit's to Eric Biederman's /proc/[pid]/ns/ additions
22412 List setns(2) as an operation allowed by CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22415 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.36 ====================
22417 Released: 2012-02-27, Christchurch
22423 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22424 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22425 incorporated in changes in this release:
22427 Alain Benedetti <alainb06@free.fr>
22428 carado <carado@savhon.org>
22429 Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
22430 Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
22431 David Prévot <taffit@debian.org>
22432 Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
22433 Guillem Jover <guillem@hadrons.org>
22434 Jessica McKellar <jesstess@mit.edu>
22435 Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
22436 Junjiro Okajima <jro@mx3.ttcn.ne.jp>
22437 Lucian Adrian Grijincu <lucian.grijincu@gmail.com>
22438 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22439 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22440 Pat Pannuto <pat.pannuto@gmail.com>
22441 Salvo Tomaselli <tiposchi@tiscali.it>
22442 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
22443 Slaven Rezic <srezic@iconmobile.com>
22444 starlight@binnacle.cx
22445 Stephan Mueller <stephan.mueller@atsec.com>
22446 Vijay Rao <vijay@portuosus.com>
22447 Walter Haidinger <walter.haidinger@gmx.at>
22448 Walter Harms <wharms@bfs.de>
22449 Yang Yang <wdscxsj@gmail.com>
22451 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22454 New and rewritten pages
22455 -----------------------
22458 Michael Kerrisk [Stephan Mueller]
22459 New page for sendmmsg(2)
22460 Some pieces inspired by an initial attempt by Stephan Mueller.
22463 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22464 ---------------------------------------------
22467 Lucian Adrian Grijincu
22468 Document FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22469 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE was added in Linux 2.6.38,
22470 for punching holes in the allocated space in a file.
22473 Changes to individual pages
22474 ---------------------------
22478 SYNOPSIS: Add "#include <fntl.h>" for O_* constants
22482 Substantial restructuring of DESCRIPTION
22483 The addition of a second class of operation ("hole punching")
22484 to the man page made it clear that some significant restructuring
22485 is required. So I substantially reworked the page, including the
22486 preexisting material on the default "file allocation" operation.
22487 Michael Kerrisk [Josef Bacik]
22488 Add further details for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22490 ERRORS: Add EPERM error case for FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE
22494 NOTES: Describe clone() call equivalent to fork()
22498 Various improvements
22499 - explain the situation with disk caches better
22500 - remove the duplicate fdatasync() explanation in the NOTES
22502 - remove an incorrect note about fsync() generally requiring two
22504 - remove an obsolete ext2 example note
22505 - fsync() works on any file descriptor (doesn't need to be
22506 writable); correct the EBADF error code explanation
22507 Michael Kerrisk [Guillem Jover]
22508 Note that some systems require a writable file descriptor
22509 An edited version of Guillem Jover's comments:
22510 [While the file descriptor does not need to be writable on Linux]
22511 that's not a safe portable assumption to make on POSIX in general
22512 as that behavior is not specified and as such is
22513 implementation-specific. Some Unix systems do actually fail on
22514 read-only file descriptors, for example [HP-UX and AIX].
22517 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima]
22518 Removed erroneous statement about MS_RDONLY and bind mounts
22522 Fix grammar in O_DIRECT description
22523 Some small grammar fixes to the O_DIRECT description.
22526 Michael Kerrisk [Salvo Tomaselli]
22527 SYNOPSIS: Add "#include <fntl.h>" for O_* constants
22528 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=659750
22530 sched_rr_get_interval.2
22532 Update notes on modifying quantum
22533 Since Linux 2.6.24, it is no longer possible to
22534 modify the SCHED_RR quantum using setpriority(2).
22535 (Slight edits to Clemens' patch by mtk.)
22537 Reordered various pieces of text
22539 Reworded text of ESRCH error
22543 Add mention of sendmmsg(2)
22546 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
22547 PROTOTYPE: Fix return type of syncfs()
22550 Michael Kerrisk [starlight@binnacle.cx]
22551 Clarify what is duplicated in the child
22552 Add some words to make it clear to the reader that vfork(),
22553 like fork(), creates duplicates of process attributes
22556 Note clone() flags equivalent to vfork()
22557 Michael Kerrisk [starlight@binnacle.cx, Mike Frysinger]
22558 Add some notes on reasons why vfork() still exists
22559 Michael Kerrisk [starlight@binnacle.cx]
22560 Clarify that calling *thread* is suspended during vfork()
22562 CONFORMING TO: Note that POSIX.1-2001 marked vfork() obsolete
22566 Document C11 and glibc 2.16 changes affecting gets()
22569 Michael Kerrisk [Pat Pannuto]
22570 Fix comment that was inconsistent with code in example program
22574 EXAMPLE: Remove extraneous line of output from shell session
22580 Fix-ups for e9c23bc636426366d659809bc99cd84661e86464
22583 Michael Kerrisk [Junjiro Okajima]
22584 Document %E specifier for core_pattern
22587 Michael Kerrisk [Walter Haidinger]
22588 s/asterisk/asterisk (*)/ to improve clarity
22590 Correct note on passwd field value when shadowing is enabled
22591 When password shadowing is enabled, the password field
22592 contains an 'x' (not "*').
22596 Fix description of fourth field of /proc/loadavg
22597 SIgned-off-by: Elie De Brauwer <eliedebrauwer@gmail.com>
22600 Michael Kerrisk [Slaven Rezic]
22601 Describe syntax used for comments
22602 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=656994
22604 feature_test_macros.7
22606 Document _ISOC11_SOURCE
22609 Michael Kerrisk [Yang Yang]
22610 Note that 'cookie' field is set to zero when unused
22614 Various fixes for description of NAME section
22615 As noted by reporter:
22616 * The code sample given for the NAME section is incomplete because
22617 the actual content sample is not given.
22618 * Additionally, the description assumes that the item described is
22619 a command, which need not be the case.
22620 * The command makewhatis is not present on my system; the
22621 documented tool to create the whatis database is called mandb.
22622 * The description on .SH NAME in man(7) should either copy the
22623 relevant paragraph of lexgrog(1) or refer to it.
22626 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.37 ====================
22628 Released: 2012-03-06, Christchurch
22634 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22635 in the changelog below) reports, notes and ideas that have been
22636 incorporated in changes in this release:
22638 Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
22639 Mark R. Bannister <cambridge@users.sourceforge.net>
22640 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22641 Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
22642 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
22644 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22647 New and rewritten pages
22648 -----------------------
22652 New page to document 'getent' binary provided by glibc
22655 Changes to individual pages
22656 ---------------------------
22660 Note that bdflush() is deprecated, and does nothing
22664 Note that this system call was removed in Linux 3.1
22667 Denys Vlasenko [Oleg Nesterov, Tejun Heo]
22668 add extended description of various ptrace quirks
22671 s/parent/tracer/g, s/child/tracee/g - ptrace interface now
22672 is sufficiently cleaned up to not treat tracing process
22675 Deleted several outright false statements:
22676 - pid 1 can be traced
22677 - tracer is not shown as parent in ps output
22678 - PTRACE_ATTACH is not "the same behavior as if tracee had done
22679 a PTRACE_TRACEME": PTRACE_ATTACH delivers a SIGSTOP.
22680 - SIGSTOP _can_ be injected.
22681 - Removed mentions of SunOS and Solaris as irrelevant.
22682 - Added a few more known bugs.
22684 Added a large block of text in DESCRIPTION which doesn't focus
22685 on mechanical description of each flag and operation, but rather
22686 tries to describe a bigger picture. The targeted audience is
22687 a person which is reasonably knowledgeable in Unix but did not
22688 spend years working with ptrace, and thus may be unaware of its
22689 quirks. This text went through several iterations of review by
22690 Oleg Nesterov and Tejun Heo.
22691 This block of text intentionally uses as little markup as possible,
22692 otherwise future modifications to it will be very hard to make.
22694 Global clean-up of page
22695 * Wording and formatting fixes to existing text and
22696 Denys Vlasenko's new text.
22697 * Various technical amendments and improvements to
22698 Denys Vlasenko's new text.
22699 * Added FIXME for various problems with the current text.
22701 Integrated changes after further review from Denys Vlasenko
22705 Note that nfsservctl(2) was removed in Linux 3.1
22706 Note that bdflush(2) is deprecated
22712 Add various operations under CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22713 Add perf_event_open(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22714 Add VM86_REQUEST_IRQ vm86(2) command to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22715 Update CAP_NET_ADMIN with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22716 Add nfsservctl(2) to CAP_SYS_ADMIN
22718 Add ioctl(FIBMAP) under CAP_SYS_RAWIO
22720 Add virtual terminal ioctl()s under CAP_SYS_TTY_CONFIG
22722 Update CAP_NET_RAW with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22724 Add F_SETPIPE_SZ case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
22725 Add POSIX messages queues queues_max case to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
22726 Update CAP_SYS_RESOURCE with notes from include/linux/capability.h
22728 SEE ALSO: Add libcap(3)
22732 Add --audit command-line option
22735 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.38 ====================
22737 Released: 2012-03-25, Christchurch
22743 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22744 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
22745 incorporated in changes in this release:
22747 Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@gmail.com>
22748 Artyom Pervukhin <artyom@evasive.ru>
22749 Beňas Petr <xbenas00@stud.fit.vutbr.cz>
22750 Ben Bacarisse <software@bsb.me.uk>
22751 Bjarni Ingi Gislason <bjarniig@rhi.hi.is>
22752 David Prévot <david@tilapin.org>
22753 Denis Barbier <bouzim@gmail.com>
22754 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
22755 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
22756 Iain Fraser <iainkfraser@gmail.com>
22757 Justin T Pryzby <justinp@norchemlab.com>
22758 Kirill Brilliantov <brilliantov@inbox.ru>
22759 Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
22760 Matthew Gregan <kinetik@flim.org>
22761 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22762 Nix <nix@esperi.org.uk>
22763 Peter Schiffer <pschiffe@redhat.com>
22764 Sergei Zhirikov <sfzhi@yahoo.com>
22766 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22769 New and rewritten pages
22770 -----------------------
22774 New page documenting get_nprocs_conf(3) and get_nprocs(3)
22776 Some additions and improvements
22780 New page documenting malloc_get_state(3) and malloc_set_state(3)
22784 New man page for mallopt(3)
22788 Complete rewrite of page, adding much more detail
22792 New page for scandirat(3) (new in glibc 2.15)
22795 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
22796 ---------------------------------------------
22800 Document aligned_alloc(3)
22801 aligned_alloc() is new in C11.
22803 Document pvalloc(3)
22807 Add documentation of qsort_r(3)
22809 Improvements to Mark R Bannister's qsort_r() patch
22811 Add VERSIONS section for qsort_r()
22814 New and changed links
22815 ---------------------
22819 New link to posix_memalign.3
22823 Link to new get_nprocs_conf.3 page
22827 Link to new malloc_get_state.3 page
22831 New link to posix_memalign.3
22839 Global formatting fix: balance .nf/.fi pairs
22843 Global fix: place sections in correct order
22846 Michael Kerrisk [Justin T Pryzby]
22847 Global fix: Remove duplicated words
22848 Remove instances of duplicate words found using Justin's
22851 for f in man?/*.[1-9]; do
22852 grep -HE ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1' "$f" |
22853 grep -Evw '(proc|hugetlbfs|XXX*|root|long) *\1';
22854 done | grep -E --colo ' ([[:alpha:]]{2,} +)\1'
22858 Correct order of SEE ALSO entries
22861 Changes to individual pages
22862 ---------------------------
22866 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file and feature test macro requirements
22869 Bjarni Ingi Gislason
22870 Strip trailing tabs from source line
22871 See http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=664688
22875 Document PTRACE_GETEVENTMSG for PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC
22877 Various fixes to recent updates of this page
22880 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
22881 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file
22885 Remove unimplemented system calls from main syscall list
22886 The unimplemented system calls are in any case noted lower down
22887 in the page. Also: rearrange the text describing the unimplemented
22890 Note a few system calls that were removed in Linux 2.6
22892 Add process_vm_readv(2) and process_vm_writev(2)
22895 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
22896 PROTOTYPE: Correct header file
22898 PROTOTYPE: Add <fcntl.h> for AT_* constants
22902 PROTOTYPE: Add <fcntl.h> for AT_* constants
22905 Michael Kerrisk [Tolga Dalman]
22906 DESCRIPTION: Add a couple of examples
22910 NOTES: Add a short discussion of arenas
22912 Replace discussion of MALLOC_CHECK_ with pointer to mallopt(3)
22914 SEE ALSO: Add mtrace(3)
22915 SEE ALSO: add malloc_get_state(3)
22919 Rename memalign() argument
22920 Rename "boundary" to "alignment" for consistency
22921 with posix_memalign().
22923 Improve discussion of feature test macros and header files for valloc(3)
22926 Kirill Brilliantov [Sergei Zhirikov]
22927 Fix example code, rta_len assignment should use RTA_LENGTH()
22928 See also http://bugs.debian.org/655088
22932 SEE ALSO: Add scandirat(3)
22936 Remove rt_sigqueueinfo from TH line
22937 rt_sigqueueinfo() now has its own manual page, so should not
22938 be listed in the .TH line of this page.
22942 Correct description for Julian 'n' date format
22943 The Julian 'n' date format counts starting from 0, not 1.
22945 Add some clarifying remarks to discussion of Julian day formats
22948 Michael Kerrisk [Iain Fraser]
22949 Fix comment on 'sll_hatype' field
22952 Michael Kerrisk [Artyom Pervukhin]
22953 Correct RFC for TIME_WAIT assassination hazards
22956 ==================== Changes in man-pages-3.39 ====================
22958 Released: 2012-04-17, Christchurch
22964 The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets
22965 in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been
22966 incorporated in changes in this release:
22968 Abhijith Das <adas@redhat.com>
22969 Alexander Kruppa <akruppa@gmail.com>
22970 Andreas Jaeger <aj@suse.com>
22971 Armin Rigo <arigo@tunes.org>
22972 Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
22973 Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
22974 Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
22975 Felix <fkater@googlemail.com>
22977 Jeff Mahoney <jeffm@suse.com>
22978 Jesus Otero <jesus.otero@rysg.es>
22979 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
22980 Kevin O'Gorman <kevinogorman4@gmail.com>
22981 Mark R Bannister <mark@proseconsulting.co.uk>
22982 Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
22983 Michael Welsh Duggan <mwd@cert.org>
22984 Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
22985 Petr Gajdos <pgajdos@suse.cz>
22986 Regid Ichira <regid23@yahoo.com>
22987 Reuben Thomas <rrt@sc3d.org>
22988 Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez <jimenezrick@gmail.com>
22989 Simone Piccardi <piccardi@truelite.it>
22990 Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
22991 <who@connect.carleton.ca>
22993 Apologies if I missed anyone!
22996 New and rewritten pages
22997 -----------------------
23001 New man page for malloc_trim(3)
23003 malloc_usable_size.3
23005 New man page for malloc_usable_size(3)
23008 Newly documented interfaces in existing pages
23009 ---------------------------------------------
23013 Document PR_SET_MM (new in Linux 3.3)
23015 Various edits and improvements to Cyrill's patch
23018 Changes to individual pages
23019 ---------------------------
23023 Rework discussion of 'size' argument
23025 Add .SS for description of epoll_create1()
23028 Michael Kerrisk [Armin Rigo]
23029 Another thread can add to epoll instance while epoll_wait is blocked
23030 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=43072
23032 Clarify that epoll_pwait() blocks calling *thread*
23033 A few wording improvements
23036 Michael Kerrisk [Mike Frysinger]
23037 Note difference between glibc wrapper and underlying system call
23038 The wrapper function has a 'flags' argument (which currently
23039 serves no purpose), while the underlying system call does not.
23043 Explain behaviour of F_GETLEASE during lease break
23044 Michael Kerrisk [Eric Blake]
23045 Change type of arg from "long" to "int"
23046 Various fcntl(2) commands require an integral 'arg'.
23047 The man page said it must be "long" in all such cases.
23048 However, for the cases covered by POSIX, there is an
23049 explicit requirement that these arguments be "int".
23050 Update the man page to reflect. Probably, all of the
23051 other "long" cases (not specified in POSIX) should
23052 be "int", and this patch makes them so. Based on a
23053 note fromEric Blake, relating to F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC.
23058 The main change is to move the historical information about
23059 the 'tz_dsttime' to NOTES.
23060 Michael Kerrisk [Felix]
23061 Note that compiler issues warnings if 'tv' is NULL
23064 Michael Kerrisk [Kevin O'Gorman]
23065 Clarify that this system call should not be invoked directly
23066 See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=42892
23068 Clarify NOTES discussion of mmap() versus mmap2()
23071 Michael Kerrisk [Michael Welsh Duggan]
23072 Document negative value in 'fd' field
23074 Document semantics of passing zero in 'events' field
23079 For some reason, the PTRACE_TRACEME paragraph talks about some
23080 general aspects of ptraced process behavior. It repeats the
23081 "tracee stops on every signal" information even though that was
23082 already explained just a few paragraphs before. Then it describes
23083 legacy SIGTRAP on execve().
23085 This patch deletes the first part, and moves the second part up,
23086 into the general ptrace description. It also adds
23087 "If PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC option is not in effect" to the description
23088 of the legacy SIGTRAP on execve().
23090 The patch also amends the part which says "For requests other
23091 than PTRACE_KILL, the tracee must be stopped." - PTRACE_ATTACH
23092 also doesn't require that.
23095 Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Jaeger, ]
23096 Clarify that the use of SI_SIGIO is for Linux 2.2 only
23097 See also http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6745
23104 Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi]
23108 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
23109 CONFORMING TO: Add C99
23113 Clarify further that return value is number of items, not bytes
23114 See also http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=665780
23117 Michael Kerrisk [Jak]
23118 Correct type of ai_addrlen field
23122 SEE ALSO: add malloc_usable_size(3)
23123 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3)
23127 Fix text describing M_PERTURB and free()
23128 SEE ALSO: Add malloc_trim(3)
23131 Michael Kerrisk [Reuben Thomas]
23132 Remove mention of terminating null in description of rawmemchr()
23135 Michael Kerrisk [Jesus Otero]
23136 Note that use of 'sys_errlist' is deprecated
23140 glibc eventually added a declaration of iruserok() in version 2.12
23143 Michael Kerrisk [Ricardo Catalinas Jiménez]
23144 Add mention of _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX
23147 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
23148 nologin must not only exist, but *be readable* to be effective
23152 Significant rewrites and improvements
23153 This patch applies to nsswitch.conf.5 in man-pages-3.36.
23155 My changes almost completely rewrite large sections of the
23156 man page. They are needed to add clarity, correct grammar,
23157 reduce confusion, and bring up-to-date with the latest glibc.
23158 I have checked the man page against the nss source code in
23161 Historical notes are demoted to the footer.
23163 The rewrite makes the man page much clearer to
23164 understand, more authoratitive, and easier to read.
23166 Light edits to Mark Bannister's changes
23170 Add prctl(PR_SET_MM) to CAP_SYS_RESOURCE
23174 Some minor clarifications at start of DESCRIPTION
23177 Jeff Mahoney [Petr Gajdos]
23178 Note cases where nonprivileged users can use netlink multicast groups
23179 See also https://bugzilla.novell.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754611
23182 Michael Kerrisk [Tetsuo Handa]
23183 Add a detail on autobind feature
23186 Jonathan Nieder [Reuben Thomas]
23187 Document effect of hwcaps on search path
23188 Wording by Aurelien Jarno from Debian glibc's r4701 (2011-06-04).
23190 Addresses http://bugs.debian.org/622385